Ce mémoire porte sur les romans Ça va aller et Fleurs de crachat de Catherine Mavrikakis. Il s’appuie sur une réappropriation ambigüe de la figure d’Antigone afin d’en questionner les répercussions sur l’expression identitaire des narratrices et sur le désir prophétique qu’elles nourrissent à l’égard d’une filiation au féminin. Il est divisé en deux chapitres : le premier portant sur la façon dont se manifeste l’héritage d’Antigone ainsi que sur son inscription problématique tant dans l’histoire littéraire que dans les romans de Mavrikakis, tandis que le second s’intéresse à la manière dont y est dépassé cet héritage par le travail d’une langue excessive et le choix d’une posture « cannibale et mélancolique ». Puis, au-delà des questions de transmission, d’héritage et de filiation, nous montrerons à partir des marques laissées par un féminisme radical que c’est à la communauté des filles d’Antigone qu’est destinée la possibilité d’être (in)fidèles au tragique en portant avec violence l’espoir de réinventer le futur, certes, mais surtout de rompre avec lui. / This M.A thesis addresses the novels Ça va aller and Fleurs de crachat by Catherine Mavrikakis. It will focus on the ambiguous reappropriation of Antigone in order to question the narrators' expression of identity and the prophetic desire they envision of another future. Divided into two chapters: the first looks into the development of Antigone's heritage and its problematic entry in both literary history and the works of Mavrikakis, while the second takes an interest in the manner of transmission of this heritage through the use of excessive language and a "cannibalist and melancholic" posture. In addition to the questions of transmission, heritage and filiation, this work shows how stemming from the traces of radical feminism, Antigones' girls are destined towards the possibility of being (un)faithful to tragic fate all the while keeping a violent hope of reinventing their future, but especially of breaking through it.

Consacré à la tétralogie Le Sang des promesses — composée des pièces Littoral, Incendies, Forêts et Ciels — de Wajdi Mouawad, le présent mémoire s’appuie sur un retour remarqué de la catharsis dans les discours sur le théâtre contemporain pour questionner la capacité du théâtre à développer une pensée du vivre-ensemble. Il est divisé en trois chapitres : le premier porte sur la place du genre de la tragédie et du concept du tragique dans la tétralogie ainsi que la réappropriation par Mouawad de certaines figures de la mythologie grecque ; le second s’intéresse au devenir contemporain de la catharsis, à son articulation autour des émotions de peur et compassion et à l’importance de la parole-action au sein de l’œuvre. Enfin, le troisième chapitre cherche à définir les rapports entre le cathartique et le concept de « solidarité des ébranlés » théorisé par Jan Patočka avant d’analyser la réception critique des pièces pour y trouver des exemples concrets de l’effet cathartique propre au théâtre de Mouawad. / This master's dissertation addresses Wajdi Mouawad's Blood Promises tetralogy, composed of the plays Tideline, Scorched, Forests, and Skies. As it focuses on the return of the concept of catharsis in discourses on contemporary theater, it aims to question theater's capacity to develop a thought of the living-together (vivre-ensemble). The first chapter focuses on the status of tragedy and the tragic as well as on the revisiting of several mythological Greek characters in Mouawad's tetralogy, whereas the second chapter takes an interest in contemporary manifestations of catharsis, as they involve the emotions of fear and compassion, and, in the case of Mouawad's work, particularly depend on the importance of acts of language. Finally, the third chapter attempts to link the cathartic to Jan Patočka's concept of the solidarity of the shaken, before it proceeds to analyze the critical reception of Mouawad's plays in order to underline their specific cathartic effect.

L’œuvre de Nelly Arcan s’inscrit dans un pan de la littérature contemporaine accueillant les monstres comme figures de la transgression qui, par leur é-normité, interrogent la norme dont ils s’écartent. Ces êtres à la fois fascinants et inquiétants hantent la littérature depuis les récits fondateurs de la mythologie antique. Arcan, à l’instar de plusieurs femmes auteurs, recourt au procédé de la réécriture de plusieurs grands mythes grecs dans Folle (2004) et À ciel ouvert (2007). Dans les deux récits, elle met en scène des personnages en fuite qui, face à leur destin néfaste, se métamorphosent en femmes-monstres et en hommes-monstres. Les personnages masculins empruntent des traits à Jason, Narcisse et Pygmalion, mais sont, par leur déviance sexuelle et leur propension à la domination, beaucoup plus monstrueux que leurs modèles antiques. Contaminées par la monstruosité des hommes qu’elles aiment jusqu’à l’annihilation de soi, les protagonistes des deux récits affichent certains traits de Médée, de Méduse et des Amazones, tirant parti de la puissance de ces figures nocives pour donner une leçon aux personnages masculins. Elles acquièrent ainsi de nouveau leur statut de sujet. Dans ce mémoire, il s’agira, par le biais de la mythocritique, des théories de la réécriture et de l’effet-personnage, d’étudier les causes, le processus et les effets du « devenir-monstre » des personnages féminins et d’examiner la reconfiguration de mythes antiques par Arcan. En s’intéressant à la greffe des mythes antiques sur les personnages arcaniens, au déplacement et au renversement des mythèmes caractéristiques des figures prédécesseures, cette recherche espère montrer comment Nelly Arcan dissèque les relations de couple qui mènent au « devenir-monstre » des partenaires. Il ressortira de cette analyse une vision apocalyptique du vivre ensemble, entre hommes et femmes, qui rejoue l’ancienne « guerre des sexes » que l’on croyait terminée. / Nelly Arcan’s body of work is in line with a trend in contemporary writing to represent the monster as a transgressive figure, which, through its own “e-normity,” steps out of the norm and questions it. Both fascinating and unnerving, the monster has haunted literature since the tales of ancient mythology came into existence. Following the steps of many women writers, Arcan rewrites numerous Greek myths in Folle (2004) and À ciel ouvert (2007). These novels narrate the stories of characters who transform into monsters due to their ill-fated destinies. The male characters are inspired by Jason, Narcissus and Pygmalion. However, their sexual deviance and tendency to dominate make them much more monstrous than their ancient models. Contaminated by the monstrosity of the men they love to the point of self-annihilation, Arcan’s female protagonists share some characteristics with Medea, Medusa and the Amazons. They gain power from these dangerous mythological figures to teach lessons to the monstrous males, thereby claiming possession of their own subjectivities. Using literary approaches such as mythocritique, theories of rewriting, and theories of character, this research will focus on the causes, processes and effects of the female characters’ “becoming-monster” and will study Arcan’s reconfiguration of ancient myths. Through an examination of the merging of these myths and an analysis of the displacement and upending of their distinctive mythemes, this master’s thesis hopes to show how Arcan dissects love relationships that lead to the “becoming-monster” of the partners involved. This analysis will bring out Arcan’s apocalyptic vision of co-habitation, a vision which re-enacts the war of the sexes that we thought ended long ago.

[pt] Esta dissertação pretende lançar luz sobre a escrita poética de Charles Bukowski pela relação por ela estabelecida com a filosofia trágica de Nietzsche lida, a sua vez, com o auxílio da obra Nietzsche e a filosofia de Deleuze. Tal aproximação entre a atividade do poeta e o pensamento dos filósofos sustenta-se nas referências comuns pelos conceitos de força, corpo, vontade, potência e arte. Sendo assim, a perspectiva de análise da dissertação afasta-se das noções de biográfico e auto ficcional normalmente atribuídas a Bukowski — de onde sua escrita é avaliada reativamente a partir das categorias da metáfora, da antítese e da representação — para, de um ponto de vista ativo e paradoxal, tomar sua poesia como sintoma e registro reais da vontade do artista, vontade pensada pelos desdobramentos das tensões força-corpo propostas por Nietzsche. Dos devires impostos por tal tensão de forças, a pesquisa acompanhará a metamorfose da arte de Bukowski como sintoma de um corpo ora engajado nas radicais vivências de um niilismo que afirma a negação, ora manifestando-se pela dupla afirmação de Dionísio: a arte como potência da diferença, como poder de afirmar a afirmação. / [en] This dissertation aims to shed light over the poetic writing of Charles Bukowski through its relation with Nietzsche s tragic philosophy, which, in its turn, follows the guidance of Deleuze s Nietzsche and Philosophy. This approach between the poet s activity and the philosophers thought holds up based on the common references provided by the concepts of force, body, will, power and art. Thus, this dissertation s analytical perspective differs from the biographical and self-fictional notions normally assigned to Bukowski — where his writing is reactively assessed by the categories of metaphor, antithesis and representation — to depart from a both active and paradoxical point of view that takes his poetry as a concrete symptom of the artist s will, which is conceived by the developments of the force-body tensions proposed by Nietzsche. From the becomings imposed by such tension of forces, the research will follow the metamorphosis in the art of Bukowski as a symptom of a body at times engaged in the radical experiences of a nihilism that affirms the denial, sometimes manifesting Dionysus double affirmation: art as a power of the difference, as the power that affirms the affirmation.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T19:59:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fabricio Vieira.pdf: 377382 bytes, checksum: ddd64db1b91accbbf200cbd52924ff52 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-06-08 / This dissertation provides a study of the novel What Can I Do When Everything's On Fire?, by Portuguese writer António Lobo Antunes, in his poetic journey. This novel represents one of the most dense and complex moments in the artistic project of Antunes. Beginning with the literary criticism and literary theories, this study was developed in three chapters. In the first chapter it was discussed the author's literary project and its utopian character; we still review his literary cycles. In the second chapter it was discussed the importance of poetry and tragedy for the composition of What Can I Do When Everything's On Fire?. In the last chapter it was analyzed in the novel, in its most original and characteristic form, the poetic language and the linguistics strategies by Antunes / Esta dissertação estabelece um estudo do romance Que Farei Quando Tudo Arde?, do escritor português António Lobo Antunes, visando destacar seu percurso poético. Esse romance representa, como buscamos evidenciar, um dos momentos mais densos e complexos da criação literária de Antunes. A partir de pesquisa bibliográfica, que abrangeu fortuna crítica e teorias de base, o estudo foi desenvolvido em três capítulos. No primeiro, buscou-se desvendar o projeto literário do autor e seu caráter utópico, além de ser feita uma revisitação aos diversos ciclos que formam sua obra. No segundo capítulo, discutiu-se a relevância da poesia e da tragédia para a composição de Que Farei Quando Tudo Arde?. Uma análise mais centrada da linguagem poética antuniana e das estratégias utilizadas pelo autor para arquitetar o romance constitui o terceiro e último capítulo

Un grand nombre de dramaturges français aussi différents qu’André Gide, Antonin Artaud,Albert Camus, Jean-Paul Sartre, Henry de Montherlant et Jean Vauthier se sont emparés de la pensée de Nietzsche pour la représenter sur scène. Si des études ont été menées sur les liens entre la pensée de Nietzsche et les écrivains français, aucune n’a abordé de manière synthétique la présence de la pensée de Nietzsche dans le théâtre français du XXème siècle et notamment dans l’élaboration même du texte théâtral. Pourtant, cette pensée tragique qui part du Dionysos de La Naissance de la tragédie jusqu’à Ecce homo, ne cesse d’entretenir des liens consubstantiels avec le genre même du théâtre. La conception esthétique du dionysiaque présente des affinités avec l’art dramatique et semble prédisposée à se retrouver transposée et incarnée sur une scène de théâtre. La réflexion de Nietzsche sur la physiologie de l’art a pu entraîner un renouvellement de l’écriture des pratiques et écritures dramaturgiques traditionnelles au profit d’un théâtre vivant, incarné, usant de toutes les ressources dela scène. Paradoxalement, le théâtre métaphysique d’inspiration nietzschéenne va de pair avec une affirmation du corps et des passions. Á l’opposé d’un théâtre d’idées ou à thèse, certaines des oeuvres étudiées montrent que le théâtre métaphysique nietzschéen est avant tout un théâtre du corps, à la recherche d’une fusion entre l’art et la vie, le spectacle et le réel, au rebours de la conception mimétique aristotélicienne. / Many different french playwrights such as André Gide, Antonin Artaud, Albert Camus, Jean-Paul Sartre, Henry de Montherlant and Jean Vauthier took up Nietzsche's thoughts to impicture it onstage. If studies were made on the links between Nietzsche's thought process and french writer, noneadress the question of Nietzsche's thought in the XXth century french theatre synthetically. None theless, this tragic thought starting in «La Naissance de la tragedie» 's Dionysos and ending with «Eccehomo» keeps maintaining consubstantial links with the theatre genre. Dionisyan esthetical conceptionshows affinities with dramatic art and seems predisposed to be transposed and embodied on stage.Nietzsche's thought on art's physiology has caused a renewal of traditionnal writing for theatre for thebenefit of a living theatre, incarnated, using all the stage's ressources. Paradoxically, this nietzschean metaphysical theatre goes with assertion of body and passions. In contrast with « theatre of ideas »,some of the studied works show that Nietzsche's metaphysical theatre is above all an embodied theatre, seeking a fusion between art and life, show and reality, against Aristote’s Poetics.

A presente dissertação de mestrado teve o propósito de pesquisar em que medida a estética multifacetada do rap pode ser utilizada nos processos de formação de adolescentes pobres e moradores das periferias, em sua maioria, afrodescendentes. Ao identificar no rap um potencial de ruptura e de resistência frente às formas atuais de discriminação racial - tanto em seus aspectos musicais, quanto narrativos - foram realizadas oficinas de música com ênfase no rap, envolvendo jovens entre treze e quinze anos. As oficinas foram realizadas entre os anos de 2011 e 2013 em dois momentos distintos. O primeiro ocorreu na ONG Casa do Zezinho, situada no Capão Redondo, zona sul da cidade de São Paulo; o segundo foi realizado na Escola Municipal de Ensino Fundamental Amorim Lima, situada no Butantã, zona oeste da mesma cidade. As oficinas eram destinadas à promoção de atividades musicais, lúdicas e intelectuais, fundamentadas na estética do rap, tais como: improvisação musical livre com instrumentos de percussão, audições de rap e gêneros musicais de vanguarda, entre outras. Inicialmente, o objetivo da pesquisa norteou-se pela sensibilização de uma escuta musical que fosse propiciadora de uma ruptura com os modos de percepção homogeneizadores da indústria cultural. Inicialmente, a fundamentação teórica baseou-se nos autores Theodor W. Adorno, Friedrich Nietzsche e José Miguel Wisnik, entre outros. Posteriormente, foi necessário recorrer aos autores Stuart Hall, Gilles Lipovetsky, Oswaldo Giacoia, Paulo Arantes, Michel Maffesoli, Philippe Jeammet, Mônica do Amaral e Marc Lamont Hill na perspectiva de compreender o sentido trágico na vida dos jovens e de como as tensões sociais advindas com a pós-modernidade incidiam em seus comportamentos, interesses e escolhas. Os resultados obtidos nesses dois momentos distintos subsidiaram as análises que desenvolvi nessa dissertação. / This study aimed at searching to what extent the multifaceted aesthetics of rap can be used in the processual development of impecunious teenagers (most of them, African descents), living in the outskirts of a big city. Music workshops concerning rap were held involving teenagers aged thirteen to fifteen. An arising actual feeling of identification towards both rupture and resistance in face of diverse kinds of racial discrimination was detected and interventions took place from 2011 to 2013, divided into two stages. The first one occurred at the NGO Casa do Zezinho, in Capão Redondo, southern part of the city of São Paulo; the second one was held at Municipal Elementary School Amorim Lima, in Butantã, west zone of the same city. The workshops consisted of promoting musical, recreational and intellectual activities founded on the aesthetics of rap, such as: free musical improvisation using percussion instruments, listening to rap and other various genres, including avand-garde songs. Initially the goal of the research was guided by the awareness of some listening promoting means of opposition to ways of perception homogeneized by the cultural industry. Up to then, the theoretical foundation was based on Theodor W. Adorno, Friedrich Nietzche, José Miguel Wisnik and others. Subsequently, works of Stuart Hall, Gilles Lipovetsky, Oswaldo Giacoia, Paulo Arantes, Michel Maffesoli, Philippe Jeammet, Mônica do Amaral e Marc Lamont Hill were analysed in order to understand the tragic sense of life for these teenagers and making them recognize the range of the influence of post modern social tensions upon their behavior, interests and choices. The outcomes provided by the two phases subsidized the analyses developed along the research.

Ce travail est une étude des évolutions propres au roman policier rapportées au glissement de la modernité vers la postmodernité et de leur transposition dans la représentation du social propre à cette forme romanesque. Après deux premiers points préalables respectivement consacrés au développement genres que du roman policier – avec dans cet ordre le roman policier archaïque, le romanà énigme, le roman noir et enfin le néo-polar – depuis le milieu du XIXe siècle et à une mise en perspective des concepts de modernité et de postmodernité, il s’articule autour de trois axes choisis grâce auxquels pourra être établi le lien entre dimension évolutive du roman policier et substitution progressive de la modernité à la postmodernité. Ce lien n’est toutefois pas exclusif et il souligne un rapport d’interpénétration préalable entre les différents concepts.La première partie est consacrée à la notion de décomposition qu’elle étudie à différents niveaux : le premier est le niveau diégétique avec la décomposition narrative. Le roman policier est en effet souvent lié, par l’intermédiaire d’une énigme, à un mode de narration spécifique qui est explicité dans toute son ampleur et rapporté notamment à la notion de structure et de rapport au temps chronologique. Le deuxième point est consacré à la décomposition de la langue. C’est ainsi qu’il analyse les notions de langue au niveau diégétique et les relations entre parole et pouvoir au niveau intradiégétique, ainsi que les implications du pouvoir de la langue et de la parole sur l’image du social.Le troisième et dernier point de cette première partie est consacré à la décomposition du social que renvoie sa représentation via le prisme fictionnel. Il s’arrête plus spécifiquement, dans cet ordre, sur la représentation de l’autorité, sur les définitions des rapports sociaux et enfin sur son positionnement vis-à-vis du politique.La deuxième partie est consacrée aux mythologies du roman policier, aussi bien à celles qui lui sont propres qu’aux substrats qu’il réemploie, ce pour déterminer les modalités de repositionnement de ces éléments. Le premier est l’urbain : après une analyse des hypotextes mythologiques autour de l’urbain et de son rapport à l’humain, il est fait état des réalités socio-historiques liant urbanisation et criminalité avant que ne soit étudiée la redistribution de l’espace au sein de la sphère fictionnelle,notamment autour des concepts d’affect et d’appartenance. Le second est le social, qui est étudié aussi bien au niveau de son implantation idéologique que de son positionnement narratif, ainsi que des tensions sociales qui apparaissent dans la représentation, tensions qui culminent avec l’usage de la violence à différents niveaux. Enfin, le troisième élément est l’humain, qui bénéficie d’une évolution marquée dans son traitement via les figures humaines incarnées dans les personnages de la narration. / This paper is a study of the specific way in which the detective novel has evolved within thecontext of the shift from modernity to postmodernity, and of the manner in which its evolution isreflected within the social element that is peculiar to this fictional format. The paper tackles twoinitial aspects, the first being devoted to the development of the detective novel genre since the mid-nineteenth century, including that of its sub-genres, the roman policier archaïque, the whodunit, theroman noir and finally the neo-polar, and the second seeking to put into perspective the concepts ofmodernity and postmodernity. The focus then turns to three selected themes, which enables a link to beestablished between the evolution of the detective novel and the gradual shift from modernity topostmodernity. However, the link is not exclusive, and the paper emphasises the earlier interactionbetween the different concepts.The first section is devoted to the concept of deconstruction, which is studied at different levels,the first being the diegetic level including narrative deconstruction. In fact, the detective novel isfrequently associated with a specific method of narration, based on a conundrum, the full extent ofwhich is explained with particular reference to the concept of structure and relationship withchronological time. The second point deals with the deconstruction of the language. In doing so, itanalyses the concepts of language at a diegetic level and the relationships between the word andpower at an intradiegetic level, together with the implications of the power of language and the wordon the representation of the social context. The third and final point within this first section is devotedto the deconstruction of the social context that is reflected by its representation through the prism offiction. It focuses more specifically, in the following order, on the representation of authority, thedefinitions of social relationships and its position vis-à-vis politics.

Ce mémoire porte sur les romans Ça va aller et Fleurs de crachat de Catherine Mavrikakis. Il s’appuie sur une réappropriation ambigüe de la figure d’Antigone afin d’en questionner les répercussions sur l’expression identitaire des narratrices et sur le désir prophétique qu’elles nourrissent à l’égard d’une filiation au féminin. Il est divisé en deux chapitres : le premier portant sur la façon dont se manifeste l’héritage d’Antigone ainsi que sur son inscription problématique tant dans l’histoire littéraire que dans les romans de Mavrikakis, tandis que le second s’intéresse à la manière dont y est dépassé cet héritage par le travail d’une langue excessive et le choix d’une posture « cannibale et mélancolique ». Puis, au-delà des questions de transmission, d’héritage et de filiation, nous montrerons à partir des marques laissées par un féminisme radical que c’est à la communauté des filles d’Antigone qu’est destinée la possibilité d’être (in)fidèles au tragique en portant avec violence l’espoir de réinventer le futur, certes, mais surtout de rompre avec lui. / This M.A thesis addresses the novels Ça va aller and Fleurs de crachat by Catherine Mavrikakis. It will focus on the ambiguous reappropriation of Antigone in order to question the narrators' expression of identity and the prophetic desire they envision of another future. Divided into two chapters: the first looks into the development of Antigone's heritage and its problematic entry in both literary history and the works of Mavrikakis, while the second takes an interest in the manner of transmission of this heritage through the use of excessive language and a "cannibalist and melancholic" posture. In addition to the questions of transmission, heritage and filiation, this work shows how stemming from the traces of radical feminism, Antigones' girls are destined towards the possibility of being (un)faithful to tragic fate all the while keeping a violent hope of reinventing their future, but especially of breaking through it.

The overall purpose of this thesis is to illuminate and critically evaluate Christian theology of atonement and redemption, in order to contribute to contemporary theology of atonement and redemption. The purpose is reached through an analysis of the work of two contemporary feminist theologians; Daphne Hampson and Rita Nakashima Brock. Hampson has formulated a sharp post-Christian position. Brock has distinguished herself through her critique of the Christian concept of atonement and through her contributions to reconciliation and redemption. Both Daphne Hampson and Rita Nakashima Brock argue that Christian atonement-theology, primarily the so called objective model, is hurtful to children and victims of abuse and violence. They both argue that theological language is not innocent. At the same time, they illustrate broken relationships, sufferings, and problems they want to change, give theological interpretations of how that change is to take place and present methodologies on how to reach reconciliation between human beings and God as well as between human beings. In two steps I undertake a critical analysis of content and presuppositions in Daphne Hampson’s and Rita Nakashima Brock’s theologies of atonement and redemption. In the first step, I describe Hampson’s and Brock’s critique of Christian atonement-theology. I analyze their theological critique and theological construction in a model "from-transition-to". My critical analysis focuses especially on internal consistency. In the second part, the analysis of presuppositions, I explain basic principles upon which they shape their theology. The analysis is made up by the analytical concepts; theoretical arguments of knowledge, understandings of faith, and the position of the subject. I also analyze other essential concepts out of which gender is one. In the last chapter I present my own constructive contribution, structured by content and presuppositions. I argue that theology is both a critical and constructive discipline. In the content-response I discuss images of God, the tragic, the cross, and the hope. In the presuppositions-response I discuss the concept "space-in-between". In conclusion I propose that theology of atonement/redemption is shaped between post and Christian. I argue that space-in-between-perspectives are necessarily experimental and critical, a space on the border where marginalized voices are to be included.