Denna rapport är en del av mitt examensarbete inom programmet It, medier och design vid Södertörns högskola. I rapporten presenteras den nya designen för FitnessCollections administrationswebbplats och en lista på förändringsförslag. FitnessCollection erbjuder en tjänst där medlemmar bland annat får träna på de anläggningar som är knutna till dem. På webbplatsen som jag arbetat med administreras organisationer, anläggningar, träningsaktiviteter, träningspass, bokningar och exporteringar av bokningar. Examensarbetet har utförts hos Dynamo Digital Ventures med FitnessCollection som beställare. Målet med examensarbetet har varit att presentera en genomarbetad design som bland annat ökar användarvänligheten och göra den mer användbar. Funktioner har tillkommit, tagits bort eller förändrats för att tillfredsställa de behov som FitnessCollection och deras samarbetspartners har. För att nå slutmålet har jag utfört en intervju med en av grundarna och tillika en av de som använder webbplatsen mest. Jag har sett över ursprungswebbplatsen för att se vad som fungerar bra och vad som fungerar mindre bra. Utöver detta har jag gjort noggranna förstudier inom området användarvänlighet/användbarhet och tillgänglighet och följt konventioner där jag också tagit inspiration från andra webbplatser. Utifrån detta har jag skapat en mer användarvänlig, tillfredställande och tillgänglighetsanpassad design. Rapporten är optimerad för visning på skärm respektive färgutskrift. / This report is a part of my bachelor thesis for the program It, media and design at Södertörn University. In this report I will present the new design for FitnessCollection’s administration website and a list with proposed changes. FitnessCollection offers a service where members  an work out at gyms that are linked to them. The website I have worked on manages organizations, gyms, activities, passes, bookings and exportation of bookings. I have made my bachelor thesis at Dynamo Digital Ventures and FitnessCollection has been the client. The goal for the bachelor thesis has been to present a thorough design that among other things increases the usability. Functions has been removed, added or changed to satisfy the need that FitnessCollection and their partners have. To reach the end goal I have conducted an interview with one of the founders of FitnessCollection whom also is one of the persons that uses the website most. I have made an overlock of the website to see what works and what doesn’t work as good. I have also done thorough feasibility studies in usability and accessibility and worked with conventions where I as a part of that has taken inspiration from outer websites. On this basis I have made a more usable, satisfying and accessible web design.

The purpose of my research has been to analyze the communi-cation of three cultural heritages and how they are being ex-posed on their respective webpages. The essay has also touched the subject as to how webpages can, through marketing of cul-tural heritages, create a connection to the marketed locations and their cultural environment. A phenomenon you could call “creating a location”. My study has also resulted in an under-standing of how historical sites as cultural actors position them-selves to attract visitors to the location. In this study I will fo-cus on only three of Sweden’s many renaissance castles. These three are Calmare-, Vadstena- and Gripsholm’s castle.My sources consist of the above mentioned cultural heritag-es own webpages, their administrators as well as their partner’s webpages. The information which is communicated in connec-tion to, or directly with the cultural heritages demonstrates what is relevant and important to see and experience.By illuminating these attributes, the possibility for self-interpretation of the cultural landscape can be lessened. Instead, a more direct picture can be created as of what the visitor should relate to and remember of the location. This way, the actors create a location.

The topic of the diploma thesis is the copyright protection of webpages that connects law and webpages and its maintenance and administration performed by website operator. The webpage can be perceived and interpreted in two ways, i.e. as a set of individual elements or as single all-embracing and complex unit that is formed by those elements. The main goal is to analyze the legislation in both ways and to present impacts of it. The initial chapter provides essential basics of copyright law that applies to the rest of the thesis and explains the terminology that is used in following chapters. Second chapter deals with source code that is crucial information for a functioning of every webpage and that stays unknown to most of the webpage users. Third chapter aims at visual identity of a webpages, that means at appearance and design, every element that webpage user can perceive. This chapter also presents conditions under which the individual elements are eligible to be protected in accordance with Czech Copyright Act. A significant part of this chapter is devoted to fonts whose protection is not regulated under Czech law. Literary works, other texts, messages or notice on webpages are subject to analysis of fourth chapter. Accessibility of those works of all kinds on the internet makes almost...

Idag utförs arbete ofta på resande fot och då används smarta telefoner och surfplat- tor istället för datorer. Dessa skärmar är oftast mindre än vad en datorskärm är. Där- för efterfrågas en mer dynamisk design av webbsidor som anpassar sig till storleken på skärmen. Webbsidans statiska design var 1000 pixlar bred och innehöll många tabeller vilket skulle få plats i den dynamiska designen med en minsta bredd på 320 pixlar. En del viktig information behövde även lyftas fram och göras tydligare. Det implementerades en ny CSS-mall samt flera nya JavaScript. En del HTML justerades för att passa den nya CSS-mallen. Eftersom en del viktig information behövdes pre- senteras tydligare skapades en helt ny flik. Innehållet blev driftinformation relaterat till den inloggade kunden. Efter simuleringarna i Chrome verifierades responsivite- ten av sidorna på alla skärmstorlekar. Implementeringen av AJAX gjorde att de lång- samma sidorna svarade direkt, men förbättrade inte den totala laddtiden. För att förbättra den skulle en back-end optimering behöva utföras. Projektets webbsida fu- gerade enligt önskemål. / In today ́s society people are working more and more while travelling, which makes them use smartphones and tablets instead of laptops. These screens are usually smaller than a laptop screen. That is why a more dynamic web design has been re- quested in order to fit the screen on the device being used. The static webpage’s width was 1000 pixels and the goal was to fit all the tables and information in the respon- sive version with a width of 320 pixels. Important information also had to be moved to a different page in order to make it more visible. A new CSS-template was imple- mented and several new Java Scripts followed by finer adjustments to the HTML code. Since some information had to be more visible to the user, a new tab was cre- ated in order to fulfill this demand. The new tab contained information about “Net- work Status” only related to the signed in user. After simulating the webpage in Chrome the responsiveness of the page was confirmed on all screen sizes. Sending the webpage asynchronously made the slow pages respond instantly but the total loading time was still slow. To fix this, back-end programming would have been re- quired. The project’s webpage fulfilled all the requirements.

SyAet med denna studie var a< förstå hur konsumenter i Sverige med olika könsroller och åldrarupplever elektroniska (e-) handelswebbsidor som =llförlitliga baserat på den visuella designen.SyAet besvarades genom a< undersöka färg- och typografins påverkan på upplevd =llförlitlighet före-handelswebbsidor, u=från konsumentens perspek=v.År 2021 används e-handeltjänster alltmer för a< köpa produkter. Företag kan numera nå ut =ll fleroch större målgrupper genom e-handel då företagets geografiska belägenhet inte längre äravgörande för kunden. EAersom e-handelsmarknaden växer och konkurrensen blir allt hårdare, ärdet vik=gt a< företagen är medvetna om dess visuella presenta=on på webbsidan för a< fåkonsumenternas =llit. Resultat av =digare studier visar a< färg och typografiska val är vik=ga faktorerför huruvida en webbsida upplevs =llförlitlig. Tidigare forskning visar även på hur olika kön och åldrarförhåller sig =ll internet och hur olika deras användningsmönster ter sig vad gäller teknologi.Denna studie uUördes med hjälp av en visuell innehållsanalys och en enkätundersökning. Resultatenfrån den visuella innehållsanalysen gav verktyg =ll a< skapa fik=va webbsidor med olika färg ochtypsni<, som vidare användes i enkätundersökningen. Totalt tolv e-handelswebbsidor skapades =llenkätundersökningen för a< utreda vilken färg samt typsni< som upplevs vara mest =llförlitlig.Studien indikerade jämna resultat mellan åldersgrupper samt könsroller vad gäller upplevelse av=llförlitlighet u=från färg- och typografival på e-handelswebbsidor. Resultatet visade tendenser =lla< den orangea samt gula webbdesignen upplevdes minst =llförlitliga enligt respondenterna i dennastudie. Något mer =llförlitliga upplevdes färgerna grön, blå, röd och rosa. Studien indikerade a<sanserif-typsni< ansågs något mer trovärdigt än seriff-typsni<. / The purpose of this study was to understand how credible consumers in Sweden with differentgender roles and ages perceived electronic (e-) commerce websites based on the visual design. Thepurpose was answered by examining the impact of colour and typography on perceived credibilityof e-commerce webpages from the consumers’ perspec=ve.In 2021, e-commerce services are increasingly being used to purchase products. Businesses cannowadays reach a much larger market through e-commerce, as the geographical loca=on of thecompany is not anymore cri=cal to customer availability. As the e-commerce market grows evenlarger, companies should be more aware of their visual presenta=on on the website to gainconsumer trust. Previous studies show that colour and typographic choices are important factors inwhether a webpage is perceived trustworthy. Previous research gives insight to how different genderroles and age groups relate to the internet and have different usage pa<erns.This study was carried out using a visual content analysis and a ques=onnaire. The results of thevisual content analysis gave the prerequisites for crea=on of the fic=onal webpage layouts withdifferent colours and typefaces that were further used in the ques=onnaire. A total of twelve ecommercewebpage were created for the ques=onnaire to inves=gate which colours and typefacesare experienced to be most credible.The study indicated even results between age groups and gender roles in terms of experience ofcredibility regarding colour and typography choices on e-commerce websites. The results showedtendencies that the orange as well as yellow webdesigns were the least credible according torespondents in this study. Green, blue, red, and pink were considered more credible than orangeand yellow designs. The study also indicated that sans serif typeface was considered slightly morecredible than serif typeface.

本研究旨在探討國內三大電子商務網站之商品展示頁面的版面配置與瀏覽動線之間的關係，藉由眼動追蹤儀器實驗(Eye Movement Tracking)及專家訪談的結果，歸納出最後的結論與建議方向，並作為未來實務界在設計與規劃電子商務網站時的參考依據。 在實驗研究中，共分為兩個階段進行測試，由23位受測者進行觀看，有效樣本20人。實驗一主要是測試三家電子商務網站的商品瀏覽效率。透過實驗找出哪一家的商品版面配置與動線規劃，可以讓使用者在短時間內快速地找到所要的商品以及在找尋商品的過程中，受測者的凝視焦點分佈與凝視停留時間為何。 而實驗二的部份，則是測試商品的版面配置情形。主要是操弄三家網站之不同的商品配置特性，測試不同的商品配置特性對使用者的視覺焦點(Fixation Count)與停留時間(Fixation Time)所產生的變化，試圖瞭解何種商品配置最吸引使用者的目光，讓使用者停留更多的瀏覽時間。 並透過專家訪談法，瞭解業界資深的網頁設計師及網站規劃者他們對於電子商務網站之商品展示頁的版面配置與使用者瀏覽動線的看法與建議，以及在規劃及設計自家電子商務網站時的構思想法，最後將訪談資料以內容分析法予以歸納分析，供業界在執行電子商務網站實務設計時之參考依據。 / This study aims to investigate the relationship between the layout and browsing routes for merchandise display pages on Taiwan’s three major e-commerce websites, as ascertained by results from eye tracking experiments and expert interviews. The study offers some overall conclusions and suggestions which may serve as a reference for future practices in designing and implementing e-commence websites. The experiment was divided into two stages, and included 23 participants whose viewing behavior was recorded; the effective sample pool was 20. The objective of the first test was to examine the merchandise viewing efficacy rendered by these three e-commerce websites. Through this experiment, the website with the merchandise page setup and browsing routes which enabled users to locate their desired merchandise in the shortest time was determined, as well as the samples’ visual fixation distributions and durations. In the second experiment, merchandise page layouts were tested. Different arrangement schemes of merchandise displayed by these same three websites were manipulated to test the effects they have on user eye fixation count and fixation time, in an attempt to understand what type of merchandise display arrangement scheme draws the most attention from viewers and encourages them to spend more viewing time. Expert interviews provided insights and suggestions from skilled web page designers and website builders regarding their perspectives on merchandise display page arrangement and user browsing routes, and in particular, the concepts employed when building their own e-commerce websites. Finally, interview data is introduced and analyzed using content analysis methodology, which may serve as a reference for e-commerce website design practices.

Τα τελευταία χρόνια έχουν γίνει σημαντικές προσπάθειες o Πληροφορικός-Επιστήμονας των Υπολογισμών να εκθέσει με εύληπτο τρόπο τη γνώση και εμπειρία του στις κοινότητες εκείνων που θέλουν να κάνουν υπολογισμούς. Κάτι τέτοιο έχει καταστεί δυνατό με την κατασκευή σύνθετων στη δομή, αλλά εύκολων στη χρήση, εργαλείων-περιβαλλόντων υπολογισμού στα οποία κανείς μπορεί με εντελώς φυσικό τρόπο να προδιαγράψει το πρόβλημά του και -ανάλογα με την εμπειρία του- να επέμβει στη ροή επίλυσής του. Τα Περιβάλλοντα Επίλυσης Προβλημάτων (ΠΕΠ) προβάλλουν λοιπόν ως μια πολύ ελκυστική λύση για τον επιστήμονα των εφαρμογών που αναζητεί μια εύχρηστη, ισχυρή και αξιόπιστη πλατφόρμα λογισμικού για τους υπολογισμούς του. Σε πολλές περιπτώσεις αυτοί οι υπολογισμοί είναι πολύ μεγάλης κλίμακας και απαιτούν πολυάριθμους και αποδοτικούς πόρους. Η τιθάσευσή τους σε κάποια έκταση έγινε δυνατή με τη στροφή σε παράλληλες-κατανεμημένες αρχιτεκτονικές, πρόσφατα μεγάλης κλίμακας, με έμφαση στην ευχρηστία, στην ασφάλεια πρόσβασης και στη συνεργατικότητα (Πλέγμα (Grid)). Σε άλλες περιπτώσεις οι πολυπύρηνοι επεξεργαστές που εξοπλίζουν πλέον τους τυπικούς οικιακούς υπολογιστές μας και οι προβλέψεις για αθρόα κλιμάκωση του αριθμού των προσφερόμενων πυρήνων, προτρέπουν σε επαναδιαπραγμάτευση κλασικών αλγορίθμων με στόχευση στην εξαγωγή παραλληλίας, αφού πλέον αυτή μπορεί να απεικονιστεί άμεσα στο διαθέσιμο υλικό. Επιπρόσθετα μια τέτοια στροφή ώθησε και τη διερεύνηση εναλλακτικών μοντέλων υπολογισμού: Το ασύγχρονο μοντέλο υπολογισμού προσφέροντας τη δυνατότητα για εξάλειψη των χρονοβόρων φάσεων συγχρονισμού των πολλαπλών μονάδων επεξεργασίας προβάλλει ως μια ενδιαφέρουσα επιλογή. Συστηματοποιούμε τη μελέτη των Περιβαλλόντων Επίλυσης Προβλημάτων (ΠΕΠ) εντοπίζοντας τους άξονες που χαρακτηρίζουν αυτήν την κατηγορία συστημάτων λογισμικού και υλοποιώντας το Jylab, ένα πρωτότυπο ΠΕΠ με έμφαση στη φορητότητα, την επαναχρησιμοποίηση ελεύθερα διαθέσιμου κώδικα και τη δυνατότητα για ακολουθιακό, παράλληλο και κατανεμημένο υπολογισμό σε πολλαπλές πλατφόρμες. Ειδικότερα, το Jylab περιλαμβάνει υποστήριξη για ασύγχρονο κατανεμημένο υπολογισμό, ανάλυση ιστογραφημάτων και εκτέλεση υπολογισμών στο Πλέγμα (Grid). Αμέσως μετά εισάγουμε το ασύγχρονο μοντέλο υπολογισμού εστιάζοντας σε καίρια ζητήματα όπως η ανάλυση της σύγκλισης, η ανίχνευση του τερματισμού και η υλοποίησή του. Προτείνουμε πιθανοτικό πλαίσιο εντοπισμού της σύγκλισης και διερευνούμε την πολυπλοκότητα του μοντέλου. Στη συνέχεια μελετούμε αλγορίθμους διάταξης των κόμβων ενός γραφήματος, επικεντρώνοντας στον υπολογισμό του διανύσματος του PageRank το οποίο χρησιμοποιεί η Google για να διατάξει τα αποτελέσματα μιας ερώτησης που υποβάλλουμε στη μηχανή αναζήτησής της. Αποδεικνύουμε πως και άλλες μέθοδοι διάταξης, οι οποίες εκφράζονται πρωταρχικά ως δυναμοσειρές ενός τροποποιημένου μητρώου συνδέσμων μπορούν να γραφτούν ως γινόμενα των επαναληπτικών μητρώων που χρησιμοποιούνται στον υπολογισμό του διανύσματος PageRank, αλλά με διαφορετική παράμετρο σε κάθε όρο τους (μέθοδος της πολυπαραμετρικής απόσβεσης). Στη συνέχεια εκθέτουμε την πειραματική συμπεριφορά του ασύγχρονου μοντέλου, όπως αυτή προκύπτει από υλοποιήσεις κυρίως του αλγορίθμου του PageRank, σε διάφορες πλατφόρμες (τοπικά, στη συστάδα υπολογισμών και στο Πλέγμα (Grid)) και με μονάδες εκτέλεσης νήματα ή διεργασίες. To Jylab χρησιμοποιήθηκε εντατικά σε αυτές τις διερευνήσεις και αποδείχτηκε πως όλοι οι πειραματισμοί μπορούν να τεθούν κάτω από ενιαίο πλαίσιο λογισμικού. Επίσης εισάγουμε μια κλάση αλγορίθμων κατανεμημένου υπολογισμού στατιστικών μεγεθών, τους gossip αλγορίθμους, σε κάθε στοιχειώδες βήμα των οποίων μόνο δύο οντότητες επικοινωνούν και υπολογίζουν. Επεκτείνουμε αυτούς τους αλγορίθμους επιτρέποντας σε k > 2 οντότητες να αλληλεπιδρούν ανά βήμα, προσομοιώνουμε τη συμπεριφορά τους και προτείνουμε πρωτόκολλα υλοποίησής τους. / In recent years computational scientists strive to expose their knowledge and experience to the communities of people interested in performing computations. This endeavor focuses on the construction of complex in structure, however simple in use, toolchains and environments in which a researcher can specify his or her problem and - depending on his experience - change its exact solution flow. In many cases these computations necessitate large-scale and performant resources. Harnessing them, to some extent, became possible by turning to parallel-distributed architectures, recently of large scale, emphasizing usability, security in accessing them and collaboration perspectives (Grid). In other cases, the multicore processors, nowadays powering even typical personal computers, coupled with predictions for dramatic increase in the number of available cores in the near future, suggest a reconsideration of classic algorithms aiming at extracting parallelism, since this can be directly mapped to underlying hardware. Additionally, such a move, also fuels the investigation of alternative computation models: The asynchronous computation model, offering the flexibility for the complete removal of time-consuming synchronization phases, is a very interesting option. We study Problem Solving Environments (PSEs) in a systematic manner, specifying the axes characterizing this category of systems of software also implementing Jylab, a prototype PSE emphasizing portability and the reuse of freely available code and enabling sequential, parallel and distributed computing over multiple platforms. More specifically, Jylab includes support for asynchronous distributed computations, Web graph analysis and Grid computing. Then we introduce the asynchronous computation model, focusing in three core subjects, namely its convergence analysis, the termination detection problem and its implementation. We propose a probabilistic framework for convergence detection and explore the complexity of the model. Afterwards, we survey algorithms for ranking the nodes of a graph, focusing on computing the PageRank vector, which is used by Google for ranking the results of a query submitted to its search engine. We prove that a whole class of ranking methods, primarily expressed as a power series of a modified link matrix can be written as products of iterative matrices similar to those used in computing the PageRank vector, albeit with a different damping parameter for each of its terms (multidamping). Next, we present the experimental behavior of the asynchronous model, mainly as applied in computing the PageRank vector, over different platforms (locally, in a computer cluster and over the Grid) using either threads or processes as its units of execution. Jylab was intensively used in these investigations and it was proved that all experimentations can be cast under a unifying software framework. We also introduce a class of algorithms for the distributed computation of statistical quantities, namely gossip algorithms, for which only two entities communicate and compute at each elementary step. We extend these algorithms be permitting k > 2 entities to interact on a per elementary step basis, simulate their behavior and propose protocols for implementing them.

因應行動政府的發展趨勢，美國、加拿大、印度、阿拉伯聯合大公國、我國政府都相繼提出發展行動政府網頁時的設計準則，然而各國政府所提出來之行動政府網頁設計規範相當混亂不統一。因此，本研究將各國政府單位所提供行動網頁設計準則統合整理成七大面向共46條的設計準則。另ㄧ方面，過去許多有關網站設計準則之相關研究，大多使用問卷了解使用者感受，皆無法判斷其準則對資訊尋求的真正影響。因此，本研究以臺北市政府觀光傳播局建置之「臺北旅遊網」為資訊尋求實驗網站，以程式記錄器記錄使用者在執行資訊尋求任務時，實際使用準則之行為歷程記錄為客觀資料，以及資訊尋求任務完成後所進行使用者認知行動政府網頁準則對於資訊尋求之重要性問卷調查為主觀資料，探討影響行動政府網頁資訊尋求速度與資訊尋求完成度之主要準則為何，以作為行動政府網頁設計之考量，以提升網站之資訊尋求效能。 本研究之研究結果顯示：(1)合計有七項使用者無法實際操作卻被認知重要之行動政府網頁設計準則；(2)合計有九項使用者可實際操作之行動政府網頁設計準則，可用操作次數預測資訊尋求達成度；(3)合計有十四項使用者可實際操作之行動政府網頁設計準則，可用操作次數預測資訊尋求速度；(4)合計有十項使用者可實際操作之行動政府網頁設計準則於資訊尋求時頻繁被使用，並且具有一定重要性；(5)合計有四項使用者可實際操作之行動政府網頁設計準則有助於提升同時提升使用者資訊尋求速度與達成度；(6)使用者資訊行為研究有必要以問卷及使用者行為記錄並行評估。 最後，本研究考量可實際操作之行動網頁設計準則之實際使用歷程操作狀況、資訊尋求時間、資訊尋求完成度及受測者認知準則重要度之行為特性，透過SOM分群方法歸納出七群影響資訊尋求速度與達成度之準則特性，並據此提出對於行動政府網頁設計者，使用準則時之參考依據，亦提出未來可供繼續探討之研究方向。 / To cope with the development trend of mobile government, the USA, Canada, India, United Arab Emirates, and domestic governments have proposed the design criteria for developing mobile government information webpage. Nevertheless, the design specifications of mobile government information webpage are chaotic and not uniform. For this reason, design criteria of mobile information webpage provided by various governments are integrated into 7 dimensions and 46 articles in this study. On the other hand, most past research on web site design criteria tried to understand user experience with questionnaire survey, which could not really judge the effect of the criteria on information seeking. As a result, “Travel Taipei”, established by Department of Information and Tourism, Taipei City Government, is utilized as the experimental web site for information seeking in this study. Programmable recorders are used for recording user behavior course of the criteria for information seeking as the objective data; and, the questionnaire survey of users’ perceived importance of the criteria of mobile government information webpage to information seeking as the subjective data. It intends to discuss the major criteria for the information seeking speed and information seeking completion of mobile government information webpage for the design of mobile government information webpage to enhance the information seeking efficacy of web sites. The research results are concluded as following. (1) There are 7 design criteria of mobile government information webpage which are not actually operated by users, but are considered important. (2) There are 9 design criteria of effective mobile government by predicting information seeking completion with operation behavior. (3) There are total 14 design criteria of effective mobile government by predicting information seeking speed with operation behavior. (4) There are 10 design criteria of mobile government information webpage which are used by most users for information seeking and present certain importance. (5) There are 4 design criteria of mobile government information webpage which could simultaneously enhance information seeking time and completion. (6) It is necessary to study users’ information behavior with questionnaire survey and user behavior records for the evaluation. Finally, the behavior characteristics of information seeking completion, information seeking time, and participants’ perceived criteria importance in the actual use of course operation of mobile information webpage design criteria which could be actually operated are taken into account in this study. Seven criteria characteristics to influence information seeking speed and completion are organized through SOM clustering, and, based on which, reference for the use of criteria are provided for mobile government information webpage designers and future research directions.

This master thesis suggests a new design methodology used for creating web pages, with an emphasis on User Experience (UX). The thesis does not focus on specific web technol-ogies, but it rather concentrates on the process of preparation and design of websites. When applying such a process, the websites will not only meet clients business objectives, but it will also satisfy users requirements. The theoretical part of this thesis summarizes the information about User Experience De-sign, defining its processes, terms, tools, tasks and roles associated with it. The outline may serve the developer and the client as a guide when realizing a project or creating a demand for one. The main aim of the practical part is to introduce a new methodology for creating websites focusing mainly on the UX. The methodology is proposed by the author himself, based on his many years of experience in the field, and tested on a real project which is also present-ed in the practical part.