Syftet med studien har varit att kartlägga Norrvattens kommunikation kring hållbar vattenanvändning med sina medlemskommuner och medlemskommunernas kommunikation med kommuninvånarna. Ytterligare ett syfte med studien har varit att kartlägga hur andra VA-organisationer har kommunicerat kring hållbar vattenanvändning. Kartläggningarna har gjorts utifrån perspektiven hur kommunikationen genomförts, vad som kommunicerats och med vilket syfte. För att synliggöra kommunikationen har en didaktisk analys gjorts utifrån de didaktiska frågorna vem, vad, varför, när och hur. Slutligen har studien syftat till att utveckla ett underlag för en kommunikationsstrategi för Norrvattens kommunikation med medlemskommuner och kommuninvånare. Grunden i resultatet av kartläggningen av kommunikationen och enligt tidigare forskning ska kommunikationen syfta till att stärka möjligheter att hantera dricksvattenefterfrågan för hållbar vattenanvändning. I studien framkom att kommunikationen kring hållbar användning av vatten syftar till att förändra individers beteenden, för att minska den onödiga användningen av vatten. Respondenterna lyfter också fram att kommunikationen bör syfta till att öka vattnets värde samt öka kunskapen kring produktionen och produktionskapaciteten. Innehållsmässigt visar resultaten att kommunikationen ska beröra konkreta och praktiska handlingar, teknisk fakta och vattnets kretslopp i det större perspektivet. Olika kommunikationskanaler passar för olika typer av kommunikation, där resultatet visar att navet för kommunikationen med kommuninvånare är webben och sociala medier. Tonalitet, timing och sociala aspekter av kommunikationen framställdes i resultatet också som viktiga delar. Dessa har på olika sätt inkluderats i kommunikationsstrategin. Kommunikationsstrategin har utvecklats baserat på en modell framställd utifrån den teoretiska grund som använts i studien. Modellen har framställts som ett fundament medan resultatet från kartläggningarna av Norrvatten, medlemskommunerna och VA-organisationernas kommunikation tillsammans med tidigare forskning har utgjort innehållet. / The aim of this study was to map Norrvatten’s communication regarding sustainable water usage with Norrvatten’s municipalities and the municipalities’ communication with the municipal residents. Furthermore, the aim has also been to map how other water and sewerage organizations have communicated about sustainable water use. Focus of the systematic mapping of the communication was on how the communication was carried out, what was communicated and for what purpose. To understand the communication, a didactic analysis was carried out based on the didactic questions of who, what, why, when, and how. The last purpose of the study aimed to develop basis for a communication strategy for Norrvatten's communication with member municipalities and municipal residents. This was done based on the results of the communication mapping and previous research. The communication intends to strengthen opportunities to handle potable water demand relative to sustainable use of water. The result showed that communication about sustainable use of water aim to change individuals' behaviors, to reduce the unnecessary use of water. The respondents also emphasize that communication should aim to increase the value of water and increase knowledge of the production and production capacity. In terms of content, the results show that the communication touches on concrete and practical actions, technical facts, and the water cycle in the larger perspective. Communication channels are suitable for different types of communication, where the results show that the hub of communication with municipal residents is the website and social media. Tonality, timing, and social aspects of the communication were also presented in the result as important parts. These have been included in the communication strategy. The communication strategy was developed on a model produced on the theoretical basis used in the study. The model has been presented as a foundation, while the results from the communication mapping of Norrvatten, the member municipalities and the VA organizations' communication together with previous research have constituted the content.

Every child has the constitutional right to be protected from maltreatment, neglect or abuse. However, contrasting every child's constitutional right is the escalating worldwide prevalence of child sexual abuse. The incidence of child sexual abuse must be reduced as far as possible by a multi-faceted approach, including effective prevention programmes which facilitate disclosure and empower children. Since insufficient South African research on prevention programmes and preventative measures are available, the primary aim of the study was to develop a board game which can foster the prevention of sexual abuse of children. Scientifically, the motivation for the study was based on the improved understanding of the educational impact of a board game as primary prevention tool. The researcher developed the HOOC board game as part of the Hands Off Our Children Campaign. The board game, being practical and educational, has the goal of teaching children self-protective behaviours that can lower their probability of being abused. A representative sample of 1697 grade four learners, nine to twelve years of age, were selected from the Metropole East region. In order to determine the educational impact of the HOOC board game, the results of the children on the Children's Knowledge of Abuse Questionnaire-Revised (CKAQ-RIII) in the experimental and control groups were compared. The experimental group (n=407) received the board game as intervention. The control group (n=1290) did not receive any intervention. Performance on the test were also compared with gender and ethnicity. According to the obtained results, the HOOC board game correlated with the improvement of knowledge in an acceptable manner. No significant correlations were found between the scores of the tests and gender. The gender of a learner had no significant impact on the learner's ability to learn and retain information. A significant correlation was found between the difference in scores on the tests and the ethnic grouping of learners. It therefore seems that the ethnicity of a learner relates to the improvement of knowledge. Considering the overall results of the study, the use of the HOOC board game as preventative measure against the sexual abuse of grade four learners is acceptable. The HOOC board game offers a significant and valid preventative measure for sexual abuse of children in the middle age group within the South African context. / Practical Theology / D. Diac.

The thesis deals with possibilities of an application of system dynamics methodics for an understanding and teaching the project management. A dynamic simulation model has been created for this purpose by using Vensim. A web simulator for the project management, which is based on the simulation model, has been created in the next part of the thesis. The benefit of the simulator over the model is its user- friendliness and its self-explanatory graphic interface, which makes it possible to use the simulation model for purposes of teaching and further reaserch in the field of project management. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Le système des fondations en Allemagne et en France présente des différences. En France, la fondation se limite à la poursuite des fins d’utilité publique. En Allemagne, le droit de fondation requiert la création d’une organe indépendant de l’État. La France compte en 2010 un total de Fondations et Fonds de dotation de 2 264 unités, en Allemagne 18 162 fondations de droit privé étaient enregistrées. Favorisé par des privilèges fiscaux, l’Allemagne a connu dans la dernière décade de nombreuses créations de fondations privées. Il en résulte une multiplication des types de fondations qui entraîne une hétérogénéité du secteur. La question de la légitimité des fondations se pose. Les fondations doivent se considérer comme faisant partie de la société civile. En France, c’est l’État qui répond à la question de la légitimité des fondations. Les fonds de dotation apportent-ils une solution? / The system of foundations in Germany and France manifests obvious differences. In France a foundation is limited by definition to public charity, in Germany the legal status of a foundation is an independent body. In 2010 there are 2 264 foundations and fonds de dotation in France, while 18 162 foundations of private law were registered in Germany. Receiving a range of fiscal benefits, the creation of foundations of private law has boomed in Germany in the past decade, thus leading to a multiformity of the sector. The question of legitimacy of foundations will arise. Foundations should see themselves as part of the civil society. In France, the state will have to solve the question of trust of foundations. Will the institut of the fonds de dotation bring a solution?

Vad gäller reglerna om tidigare års underskott utgör koncernbidragsspärren en spärregel till den annars gällande huvudregeln att tidigare års förluster får kvittas mot framtida vinster. Koncernbidragsspärren inträder vid ägarförändringar och innebär förenklat att ett underskottsföretag är förhindrat att, under en period om fem år, kvitta kvarstående underskott mot koncernbidrag som underskottsföretaget mottar från företag som inte ingick i koncernen före ägarförändringen (nya företag). Underskott som uppkommer efter ägarförändringen får dock kvittas mot koncernbidrag från nya företag. Uppsatsen syftar till att analysera och granska reglerna om koncernbidragsspärren ur ett företagsperspektiv, vilket innebär att uppsatsen ser till reglernas bakomliggande syfte och till hur reglerna fungerar vid en praktisk tillämpning. Uppsatsen har ett särskilt fokus kring i vilken turordning koncernbidrag ska beaktas vid avräkning mot befintliga underskott när ett underskottsföretag mottar koncernbidrag både från gamla och nya företag i en koncern. I RÅ 2008 ref. 69 ställdes frågan på sin spets och Högsta Förvaltningsdomstolen befäste en ny turordningsprincip där koncernbidrag från gamla företag ska beaktas före koncernbidrag från nya företag i koncernen. Det har genom uppsatsens analys av reglerna om koncernbidragsspärren påvisats att reglerna är svåra att tillämpa och i många fall råder det osäkerhet om hur reglerna ska tolkas. Det kan konstateras att problematik kvarstår avseende frågan om i vilken turordning koncernbidrag från så kallade gamla respektive nya företag ska beaktas vid avräkning mot befintliga underskott även efter RÅ 2008 ref. 69. En rådande osäkerhet om hur reglerna ska tolkas kan inte anses tillfredsställande ur ett företagsperspektiv och en översyn av reglerna vore välkommen. / According to the Swedish legislation tax losses can normally be carried forward and settled against future profits in the same company unlimited of time. However, a restriction of losses being carried forward may occur in situations where change of ownership is at hand. The restrictive rule prohibits offsetting tax losses in an acquired loss-making company against group contributions received from other group companies. The restrictive rule applies up until, and including, the end of the fifth year after the year when the restriction occurred. However, losses that occur after the change of ownership are possible to offset against group contributions from other group companies. The thesis aims to analyze and review the restrictive rule from a business perspective which means that the underlying purpose of the restrictive rule and how it works in practice is examined. The thesis has a particular focus on in what order group contributions should be considered when being offset against existing deficits when the deficit company receives group contributions from old and new companies in the corporate group. In the Swedish case law RÅ 2008 ref. 69 the Supreme Administrative Court laid down a new principle of order where group contributions from an old company should be regarded before a group contribution from a new company. Through the analysis of the restrictive rule it has been demonstrated that the rule is difficult to conform to and that there is an uncertainty regarding the interpretation of it. Through the analysis of this thesis it is established that, even after RÅ 2008 ref. 69, the complexity of problems remains concerning in what order group contributions from old respectively new companies should be considered when being offset against existing deficits. A such prescribed uncertainty regarding the interpretation of the restrictive rule cannot be considered satisfactory from a business perspective and a review of the rules would be preferable.

Every child has the constitutional right to be protected from maltreatment, neglect or abuse. However, contrasting every child's constitutional right is the escalating worldwide prevalence of child sexual abuse. The incidence of child sexual abuse must be reduced as far as possible by a multi-faceted approach, including effective prevention programmes which facilitate disclosure and empower children. Since insufficient South African research on prevention programmes and preventative measures are available, the primary aim of the study was to develop a board game which can foster the prevention of sexual abuse of children. Scientifically, the motivation for the study was based on the improved understanding of the educational impact of a board game as primary prevention tool. The researcher developed the HOOC board game as part of the Hands Off Our Children Campaign. The board game, being practical and educational, has the goal of teaching children self-protective behaviours that can lower their probability of being abused. A representative sample of 1697 grade four learners, nine to twelve years of age, were selected from the Metropole East region. In order to determine the educational impact of the HOOC board game, the results of the children on the Children's Knowledge of Abuse Questionnaire-Revised (CKAQ-RIII) in the experimental and control groups were compared. The experimental group (n=407) received the board game as intervention. The control group (n=1290) did not receive any intervention. Performance on the test were also compared with gender and ethnicity. According to the obtained results, the HOOC board game correlated with the improvement of knowledge in an acceptable manner. No significant correlations were found between the scores of the tests and gender. The gender of a learner had no significant impact on the learner's ability to learn and retain information. A significant correlation was found between the difference in scores on the tests and the ethnic grouping of learners. It therefore seems that the ethnicity of a learner relates to the improvement of knowledge. Considering the overall results of the study, the use of the HOOC board game as preventative measure against the sexual abuse of grade four learners is acceptable. The HOOC board game offers a significant and valid preventative measure for sexual abuse of children in the middle age group within the South African context. / Philosophy, Practical and Systematic Theology / D. Diac.

nÃo hà / Nesta dissertaÃÃo objetiva-se analisar a realizaÃÃo humana segundo a perspectiva do filÃsofo Friedrich Nietzsche (1844-1900). Considera-se, para tanto, o processo vital circunscrito pelo subtÃtulo dado à autobiografia: âcomo alguÃm se torna o que Ãâ. Privilegiando os temas tratados em Ecce Homo, intermedeiam-se as discussÃes com o cotejamento daqueles assuntos abordados por outras obras do FilÃsofo. Tornar-se o que se à constitui nÃo apenas um cume perseguido, mas igualmente uma sobredeterminaÃÃo inapelÃvel para a filosofia de Nietzsche. Nesse caminho, ele valorizou, contra a tradiÃÃo filosÃfica e religiosa, o cultivo de si e o amor de si como propiciadores do grande e fecundo egoÃsmo. Apontou para a superaÃÃo de tudo aquilo que amesquinha e enfraquece o homem, elogiando o que fortalece e plenifica a vida compreendida por ele como vontade de poder em expansÃo. O cultivo da grande individualidade surge como contraposiÃÃo, nessa filosofia, à massificaÃÃo do homem pelas forÃas gregÃrias que arrebanham os âseres supÃrfluosâ em igrejas, povos e estados. Percorrem-se, entÃo, as ponderaÃÃes de Nietzsche sobre o que ele nomeou de âcasuÃstica do egoÃsmoâ, sua pretensa extemporaneidade, bem como se delimita aquilo designado pelo FilÃsofo como die Wohlgeratenheit, âa vida que vingouâ. SÃo trabalhadas, a seguir, as relaÃÃes dessa vida bem lograda com as teses de Nietzsche sobre a razÃo, a subjetividade, o cultivo de si mediante a disciplina do guerreiro â ele prÃprio entendia-se como um filÃsofo guerreiro. Por fim, apresenta-se sua compreensÃo acerca do que à a mÃxima auto-realizaÃÃo depois que o Ãltimo homem se configurou no niilismo caracterÃstico da contemporaneidade: a figura de Zaratustra como super-homem, mestre do eterno retorno e amante do destino.

Violence against women continues to be an issue that severely impacts women worldwide. Since the global spread of the #MeToo movement in 2017, debates regarding this issue significantly increased. Yet the precise ways in which women are impacted by violence, heavily influenced by their unique and diverse aspects of identity, are often disregarded. By focusing on two of these aspects of identity, namely gender and nationality, and comparing the circumstances of sexual violence against women in Germany, Nigeria, and South Korea, this thesis aims to showcase the diverse experiences of ‘being a woman’ and what this implies regarding the issue of sexual violence against women. With an additional analysis of four important international conventions aimed at ameliorating women’s lives (UDHR, CEDAW, DEVAW, and BPfA) regarding their acknowledgement of this diversity and guided by three theories, namely Multi-Ethnic Feminism, Feminist Postcolonialism, and Intersectionality, this thesis highlights the necessity of including everyone and their unique experiences with all kinds of discrimination to adequately tackle an issue such as sexual violence against women.

Diploma project seeks for new visions in urban solutions of area south of Brno main railway station. This place could become an interesting space for new spacial creativity in connection with the project of new railway station. The work looks for alternatives to officially presented projects with orderly and straight street layouts to create pleasing and livable public space, which would become not only the tour from station to the city, but the city itself. Six meters of height difference is used to separate road and pedestrian traffic and offers an undisturbed walking movement through the elevated pedestrian streets, which are not so deep as they would be when on the ground level, so their width could be downsized to a pleasant minumum, whereas all necesary functions (like parking and supplies areas) také place below it. Geometrical concept of two shifted hexagonal grids delivers a practical large blocks on the ground level for parking and divides the area into separate projects. The walking streets` grid fractionates big portions into more subtle building block layout so comfortable for pedestrian movement. Project also deals with development phases of area to protect it from nonreversible tenous development at the beginning. The structure works as a lively city in the very beginning of the development.

Syftet med studien har varit att synliggöra AB Bollnäs Bostäders hållbarhetsarbete utifrån 18 framtagna hållbarhetskategorier fördelade på de ekologiska, sociala och ekonomiska hållbarhetsaspekterna. De ekologiska och sociala hållbarhetskategorierna är tagna från ISO26000, en standard som beskriver företags samhällsansvar, och de ekonomiska hållbarhetskategorierna är framtagna med utgångspunkt i tidigare forskning och dokument gällande hållbarhetsaspekter i fastighetsbranschen. Vidare har studien som syfte att synliggöra kommunikationen kring hållbarhetsarbetet genom att analysera vad som kommuniceras och vad resultatet blir av den kommunikationen. Det har gjorts genom att göra en didaktisk analys utifrån de didaktiska frågorna för vem, varför, vad och hur. Slutligen har studien som syfte att visa på vad det finns för visioner internt och externt kring AB Bollnäs Bostäders framtida hållbarhetsarbete, med grund i de 18 hållbarhetskategorierna. För att samla in relevant empiri har personliga intervjuer, enkäter och dokumentstudier genomförts. Resultatet visar på att AB Bollnäs Bostäder arbetar aktivt mot en hållbar utveckling utifrån alla tre hållbarhetsaspekter - ekologisk, social och ekonomisk. Utav 18 hållbarhetskategorier bedömdes arbetet med 14 av dem vara tillfredsställande. Med välinvesterade resurser skulle bolaget kunna utveckla sitt hållbarhetsarbete och uppfylla alla 18 hållbarhetskategorier. Kommunikationen kring hållbarhetsarbetet uppvisar övervägande ekonomiskt innehåll både internt och externt, men med olika syften för de olika målgrupperna boservice, ekonomi och administration, kundcenter, parkenheten, tekink, VD, boende, entreprenörer, kommunfullmäktige samt styrelsen. Utfallet däremot visar på att det är de ekonomiska, sociala och ekologiska hållbarhetskategorierna, i nämnd ordning, som uppfattas av de olika målgrupperna. Slutligen framgick det av resultatet att alla tre hållbarhetsaspekter ansågs vara viktiga för AB Bollnäs Bostäder i framtiden, men de ekonomiska hållbarhetskategorierna bedömdes ha högre prioritet. Nyckelord: / The objective has been to visualize sustainability work of AB Bollnäs Bostäder, based on 18 sustainability categories developed in the study, divided on the sustainable aspects ecological, social and economical. The ecological and social aspect of the sustainability categories is part of the ISO26000, a standard describing company’s social responsibility, and the economic aspect is developed based on research and document discussing sustainable development in the property business. Furthermore, the aim has also been to study the communication of the sustainability work at the company, and see the result of it. It was accomplished by a didactic analysis, based on the didactical questions for who, why, what and how. The last object of the study has been to learn the visions of the future sustainability work of AB Bollnäs Bostäder, from different groups perspectives, based on the 18 sustainability categories. To collect relevant empirical data, personal interviews, questionnaires and document studies has been carried out. The results show that active work towards a sustainable development is performed in AB Bollnäs Bostäder, from all three aspects of sustainable development – ecology, social and economy. Out of the 18 sustainability categories, the work of 14 of them was assessed to be satisfying. Well invested resources would help the company to develop their work, and fulfil all the sustainability categories. The communication of the sustainability categories showed a consideration towards an economical content, both internally and externally, but with different aims for the targeted groups property service, economic and administrations, customer centre, park division, technical, CEO, inhabitants, entrepreneurs, municipal council and the board. The outcome of the communication on the other hand, showed that the economical, social and ecological sustainability categories, in the stated order, is interpreted different by the targeted groups. Finally, the results showed that all three sustainability aspects were important for AB Bollnäs Bostäder in the future, but the economical sustainability categories were considered to have a higher priority.