Ce travail envisage la question de la filiation adoptive d’un point de vue clinique et théorique, avec les éclairages de S. Freud, D-W Winnicott et J. Lacan. Nous nous intéressons à la mère adoptive et à la mère de naissance, à travers les représentations, désirs et fantasmes. Ceux-ci, intrinsèquement liés au manque existentiel d’un enfant porté en soi peuvent s’avérer démesurés et aliénants, dans un écrasement du Symbolique par l’Imaginaire amplifié. Pris dans le désir maternel, l’enfant adopté est dépossédé de son histoire première. Objet réparateur, il est assigné à être satisfaisant. Notre analyse prend source dans les mythes, où les figures maternelles aux prises avec l’inconscient du désir nous permettent d’explorer les effets de l’effraction du Réel dans l’insu des origines, le champ du Symbolique dans la construction de l’être au monde et le jeu de l’Imaginaire, explorant comment le sujet se perçoit dans le regard de l’Autre et avec quels effets. Ensuite, nous approchons la délicate question de l’infécondité. Ce travail propose d’examiner l’adoption dans sa dimension puissamment fantasmatique : prendre un enfant tout fait ouvre à des fantasmes de meurtre de la mère de naissance, de dévoration et de parthénogenèse. Cet enfant du Réel grandit avec deux histoires, il y risque l’inquiétante étrangeté et il manifeste sa crainte d’une nouvelle déchéance. La recherche et l’analyse qui ont construit cette étude laissent percevoir l’importance des implications cliniques au regard de la complexité du maternel mais aussi du champ du langage, de l’approche historique de l’enfant fragilisé par la perte, les ruptures et le retissage de liens. / This work considers the question of the adoptive filiation from a clinical and theoretical point of view. In the Lacanian theory, the subject of the unconscious and the S.R.I, orientates the focus of our research. Maternal fantasies and desires, inherently linked with the essential void created by the absence of a child born from within can be disproportionate and alienating. The Symbolism is crushed by the amplified Imaginary. Our analysis reaches back to myths, where maternal figures are caught in the unconscious desire and allows us to explore: the effects of the break in the Real in unknown origins, the Symbolical domain of the construction of a being to the world and the play on the Imaginary, exploring how the subject perceive itself in the Other’s gaze and what are its effects. During adolescence the adoptive link is shaken and the mother’s psychological organisation is closed by a fantasmatic exacerbation representing the speaking subject being beside himself.We consider the desire to have child from the symbolisation to the conception, then we approach the delicate question of infertility in its distressing psychological aspect. This study offers to examine adoption in its powerful fantasmatic dimension: taking an already-made child can create fantasies about the murder of the birth mother, about devouring urges and parthenogenesis. The research and analysis which constructed this study help to consider the importance of the clinical implication.

Este trabalho versa sobre a hipótese de reparação civil por abandono afetivo que decorre da infração ao dever de cuidado do idoso. Analisa-se a tutela dos direitos dos idosos no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro através de um retrospecto legal com sutil referência ao contexto histórico mundial e ao Direito Comparado. Contextualiza-se a interpretação dos direitos dos idosos em face do fundamento do Direito pátrio na dignidade da pessoa humana a partir da Constituição Federal de 1988 e a transposição desta no Direito Civil e no Direito de Família. Adiante é apreciado o abandono afetivo, seu conceito e expansão pela a adoção do modelo atual eudemonista da família que importou na inclusão do dever de cuidado como elemento do afeto. A seguir o cuidado é abordado enquanto infração ao dever que dele decorre para identificação da conduta omissiva. Por fim, é explorado o instituto da responsabilidade civil, através do estudo de cada um dos seus requisitos, para conclusão quanto ao cabimento do dever de reparação pela constatação da ocorrência do ato ilícito de infração ao dever de cuidado que implica abandono afetivo em razão do dano que dele resulta e da extensão deste, isto valorado no caso concreto. / This paper deals with the hypothesis of civil reparation for affective abandonment of the elderly that results from the violation of the duty of care of the elderly. It analyzes the protection of the rights of the elderly in the Brazilian legal system through a legal retrospect with subtle reference to the world historical context and Comparative Law. The interpretation of the rights of the elderly in the face of the foundation of the patrimony right in the dignity of the human being is contextualized from the Federal Constitution of 1988 and the transposition of this one in the Civil Law and in the Right of Family. Above, affection abandonment, its concept and its expansion are appreciated by the adoption of the current eudemonist model of the family that has imported the inclusion of the duty of care as an element of affection. Care is then approached as an infraction of the duty derived from it to identify the omissive conduct. Finally, the institute of civil responsibility is explored, through the study of each one of its requirements, to conclude on the compliance of the duty to make reparation for the finding of the occurrence of the illicit act of infraction to the duty of care that implies affective abandonment due to the damage that results from it and the extent of it, that is valued in the concrete case.

Cette thèse est un effort de plus pour analyser le « phénomène de la dévolution » pendant la période de mise en relation, prenant en compte les raisons évoquées par les adoptants pour rendre les enfants et les effets sur les enfants et les adolescents. Nous comprenons que la connaissance des risques et l'évaluation des différents niveaux du processus d'adoption peuvent permettre des interventions qui réduisent les échecs dans la construction des nouveaux liens de filiation. L'objectif est d'analyser le phénomène par le versant psychique, en tenant compte de la complexité de la filiation adoptive. Nous émettons l'hypothèse que l'adoption a tendance à échouer dans les cas suivants : il n’y a chez l'adoptant aucun désir légitime d'avoir un enfant (certaines demandes peuvent être qualifiées de perverses) ; l'enfant ne correspond pas à l'enfant imaginé et fantasmé par les parents (considérant une certaine tension entre le désir de procréer et celui d'adopter) ; il y a une recherche de réparation par l’adoption ; les imagos parentaux inscrits chez l’enfant interfèrent dans le processus de filiation ; les équipes institutionnelles ne parviennent pas à évaluer les requérants, à accompagner la période de mise en relation et / ou à préparer les enfants. Sur la base de la proposition méthodologique de la métapsychologie, nous avons guidé la recherche sur la construction de cas de 10 enfants et adolescents sur la base de dossiers, de procédures judiciaires (destitution, agrément et adoption) et d'entretiens avec des équipes des institutions d'accueil. Dans ce contexte, l'interface de la psychanalyse avec le droit a permis une meilleure compréhension et une réflexion plus large sur le thème. Nous nous appuyons dans notre étude sur l'enseignement de Lacan : le désir est essentiel pour nouer de liens avec l'autre. Il convient de noter que, malgré les nombreuses avancées dans le domaine de l’adoption, il reste encore beaucoup à faire, notamment en ce qui concerne la transformation des enfants et des adolescents en sujets de droit, comme changement de paradigme. / This thesis is one more effort to analyze the "return phenomenon" in the cohabitation stage, considering the reasons of the adopters for the return and its effects on children and adolescents. We understand that knowledge of risks and the evaluation of the different levels of the adoption process can provide interventions that reduce the failures in the construction of the new bonds. The objective is to analyze the phenomenon by the psychic view, taking into account the complexity of the adoptive filiation. We hypothetize that the adoption tends to fail in the following cases: there is no true desire on the part of the adopter to have a child (some demands may be characterized as perverse); the child does not correspond to the child imagined or fantasized by the parents (consider a certain tension between the desire of procreating and the one of adopting); there is a search for reparation by the adoption; the parental imagos inscribed in the child interfere in the process of filiation ; there is a failure on the part of the institutional teams in the evaluation of the applicants, in the follow up of the cohabitation stage and or in the preparation of the children. Based on the methodological proposition of metapsychology, we guided the research by the construction of 10 cases of children and adolescent based on the dossiers, on the juridical processes (dismissal, habilitation and adoption) and on the interviews with children's home teams. In that context, the interface of psychoanalysis with the law allowed for a better understanding and broad reflection on the subject. We have supported our study in Lacan's teaching : desire is essential in the construction of the link with the other. It should be pointed out that despite the many advances in the field of adoption, there is still much to be achieved, especially on the issue of transforming children and adolescents into subjects of rights, as a paradigm change.

Brand loyalty has been studied extensively in consumer-brand relationship literature. However, the negative side of these relationships has not been studied to the same degree. This paper starts with Court et al.’s (2009) loyalty loop as part of the consumer decision journey and proposes that consumers may stop being loyal to a brand due to various circumstances.The authors propose a negative view of the loyalty loop, the disloyalty loop, exist, in which consumers become disloyal. Furthermore, the authors conducted this study in order to find out if this relationship exists, the disloyalty loop, within the framework of social media platforms, i.e. applications who allow communication among users over the Internet. These platforms should not solely be seen as online communication tools, but as brands themselves.Semi-structured interviews with social media users were conducted showing that consumers can navigate between the loyalty and disloyalty loops, and even exit the brand relationship completely. These findings indicate that consumers’ brand loyalty should not be taken for granted, and service failures may cause them to reduce their patronage, abandon the brand, and even influence other consumers negatively through word-of-mouth.

The late medieval agrarian crisis is characterized by a sharp decline in population which caused farm abandonment and mass death. The crisis arose due to a lack of access to arable land and insufficient food production in relation to the growing population. However, there is evidence of villages and farms surviving the crisis by adapting to new conditions through the development of sustainable structures. Studying the literature from a resilience theoretical perspective, this paper discusses existing opportunities to study the agrarian crisis, opening avenues for future research. More specifically, this study contributes to the literature by examining studies on abandoned and surviving farms from Jämtland, Östergötland, Småland, Värmland and Skåne, concerning the interpretive possibilities of the farm's survival. The results suggest that Medieval archaeology excels in increasing knowledge about human behaviour and the relationship to the environment from a long-term perspective. Resilience theory can provide an interdisciplinary framework, increasing the understanding of social-ecological systems, therefore ensuring the sustainability of ecosystem services. Moreover, the findings of this thesis suggest that pollen analysis and dendrochronology are commonly used in research on the agrarian crisis. The methods reveal that common survival strategies consisted of introducing less labour-intensive farming methods or taking over the lands of desolate farms. Additionally, farms that had access to natural resources, cooperated with other farms on open land and had larger households most often survived the crisis.

Cotutelle internationale de thèse France/Canada (Québec) / Cette recherche, inscrite en théorie de la conception architecturale, porte sur un phénomène contemporain situé à la frontière entre architecture et urbanisme : celui de la Grande Structure Abandonnée (GSA). Cette notion rassemble une hétérogénéité de situations construites de grande taille accusant une durée d’abandon supérieure à une décennie. L’enjeu de cette thèse est d’interroger les possibilités d’une catégorisation de la GSA, à la fois comme problématique disciplinaire (la catégorisation comme cadre de connaissance) et comme enjeu pratique (la catégorisation comme cadre d’intervention). La thèse se développe en deux temps : les trois premiers chapitres s’attachent à définir le phénomène de la GSA via des opérations d’inventaire, de description et de classement. Face aux limites présentées par les cadres classificatoires conventionnels en architecture, les trois derniers chapitres opèrent un déplacement des cadres d’analyse : d’une classification de ce qu’est la GSA (propriétés), il est alors question d’interroger ce que la GSA fait ou peut faire (capacités potentielles). À partir de la construction d’un Atlas de 103 structures, la recherche s’attache tout d’abord à une description de la GSA agencée autour des caractères hérités du projet originel de la structure (sens premier), des caractères amenés par l’abandon (perte de sens) et de ceux attachés aux projections contemporaines entourant la GSA (renouveau du sens). Ces descriptions permettent d’alimenter l’analyse conjointe des résistances et des ressources (tant physiques, que pragmatiques et épistémologiques) oeuvrant au sein de la GSA. Le couple (Résistances-Ressources) n’est alors plus appréhendé dans une opposition binaire, mais comme un phénomène jumeau (Van Eyck, 1960). La prise en compte de cette dialectique permet d’accéder à une anticipation sur le devenir de 72 des 103 GSA étudiées. Cinq territoires conventionnels de reclassement sont identifiés (démolition, réhabilitation, patrimonialisation, tourisme, ruine), ils ne permettent cependant pas de recouvrir l’entièreté du phénomène. La modélisation laisse 31 GSA dans une zone d’indétermination classificatoire, résistant aux modes d’anticipation convergents. Qu’est-ce qui, chez ces structures, échappe aux modes conventionnels de connaissance et d’intervention en architecture ? Comme voie de réponse à cette question, la recherche pose l’hypothèse de la GSA comme « phénomène liminal » (Van Gennep, 1909). L’attention est alors portée sur les caractères alimentant la condition d’entre-deux de ces structures (inachèvement, ambiguïté constructive, dimension mythique, scénarios conflictuels, dynamiques informelles). Celle-ci permet de montrer les limites présentées par les filtres fonctionnels, formels et stylistiques conventionnellement employés en architecture et d’ouvrir la recherche sur des modes d’agencement interprétatifs plus ouverts et indéterminés. Les trois derniers chapitres de la thèse opèrent ainsi un déplacement de la propriété vers le potentiel de la GSA. Les nombreux scénarios gravitant autour de la GSA servent alors de matière d’analyse permettant d’accéder à ces potentiels. Une étude de cas in situ, menée dans l’une des structures étudiées (El Elefante Blanco de Buenos Aires), sert de fil rouge à une enquête sur les catégories de potentiel de la GSA. Cinq catégories sont extraites : 1. Gisement, 2. Épiderme augmenté, 3. Mégastructure 2.0, 4. Rhizome et 5. Anti-monument, auxquelles répondent des stratégies de conception propres. Ces catégories placent la GSA au croisement d’enjeux constructifs, écologiques, sociaux et politiques. / This research, inscribed in the theory of architectural design, focuses on a contemporary phenomenon situated on the border between architecture and urbanism: the Abandoned Large Structure (ALS). This notion brings the attention to large and heterogeneous built environments that have been abandoned for more than a decade. The thesis questions the possibilities for a categorization of Abandoned Large Structures, both as a disciplinary problem (categorization as a framework of knowledge) and as a practical issue (categorization as a framework for intervention). This is explored in two phases. First, the phenomenon of Abandoned Large Structures is defined via inventory, description, and classification. Second, faced with the limits presented by conventional classification frameworks in architecture, the thesis shifts the analysis from a classification of what the ALS is (properties) to what the ALS does or can do (potential capacities). Based on a corpus of 103 structures, this research first describes the ALS using properties inherited from the original project of the ALS (the primary meaning), properties brought by the abandonment (loss of meaning), and properties attached to contemporary projections surrounding the ALS (renewal of meaning). These descriptions feed into the joint analysis of the resistance and resources of the ALS (physical, pragmatic and epistemological). The notion of ‘Resistances-Resources’ is then no longer apprehended in a binary opposition, but as a « twin phenomenon » (Van Eyck, 1960). Taking into account this dialectic allows us to anticipate the future of 72 of the 103 ALS studied. Five conventional reclassification territories are thus identified: demolition, rehabilitation, heritage conservation, tourism, and ruin. However, they do not cover the whole spectrum of ALS. 31 ALS are left in a zone of classificatory indeterminacy, resistant to convergent modes of anticipation. What, among these structures, escape the conventional modes of knowledge and intervention in architecture? To answer that question, the hypothesis of the ALS as a liminal phenomenon (Van Gennep, 1909) is then explored, focusing on the characters that feed the in-between condition of these structures: incompleteness, constructive ambiguity, mythical dimension, conflicting scenarios, and informal dynamics. This shows not only the limits presented by the functional, formal, and stylistic filters conventionally used in architecture, but furthermore opens the research to more flexible interpretative modes of arrangement. Finally, the thesis moves from the properties to the potential of the ALS. The many scenarios revolving around the ALS here serve as analytical material to access these potentials. An in-situ case study conducted in one of the ALS (El Elefante Blanco, Buenos Aires) serves as a guide for a survey of the ALS’ categories of potential. Five categories are extracted: 1. Material deposit, 2. Increased epidermis, 3. Megastructure 2.0, 4. Rhizome and 5. Anti-monument, to which respond specific design strategies. These categories place the ALS at the intersection of constructive, ecological, social and political challenges.

Socioeconomic and citizenship barriers prevent farmworkers from accessing public health care; thus, grassroots organization members and health care practitioners collaborate to create community health clinics that provide care for farmworkers and low-wage immigrant workers. Such community clinics are known as parallel health care systems, yet the concept's existing literature lacks comprehensive studies on the parallel systems operating within farmworker communities. To fill this research gap, I conducted nine semi-structured interviews to collect the perceptions of key community stakeholders involved in providing accessible health and financial aid to farmworker communities in Florida. I analyzed the interviews through the qualitative grounded theory method to identify which factors participants perceived as determining farmworker health outcomes, their explanations for why parallel medical systems emerge, and the differences and similarities between their answers. I found that the participants understood large-scale social structures to be influencing farmworker health outcomes. Furthermore, the participants described parallel health care systems as bridging structural gaps caused by the government's social abandonment of farmworker communities and health inequality. While the participants all similarly employed a structural framework to discuss farmworker issues, differences in perception arose during conversations of farmworker agency, the ambiguity of a "two-tiered health care," and proposed solutions. This study's findings contribute to the existing literature's observations on parallel health care systems, elaborate on the government's negative treatment of farmworkers during the COVID-19 pandemic, and generally highlight the voices of key community stakeholders currently working with farmworker communities.

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The diploma thesis related to problematic of babyboxes and unknown identity of children becouse of why baby hatches are critised. I provide a comprehensive view of babyboxes and their critised and pozitive aspects. The diploma thesis widely deals with unknown identity of children, question of unknown origin and alternative posibilities before abandonment of children. The diploma thesis included knowledge from professionally literature as well as expiriences of professionals from this sphere and pepople who grew up with unknown of their origin, whose expiriences are used in empiric research.