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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
191

Examining metacognitive control: are there age-related differences in item selection during self-paced study?

Price, Jodi L. 19 May 2008 (has links)
Self-paced study involves choosing items for (re)study and determining how much time will be allocated to those items so as to maximize later recall, making it a viable venue for examining whether there are age-related differences in metacognitive control. Two prominent models have been proposed to account for item selection and study time allocation behaviors during self-paced study. The Discrepancy Reduction Model (DRM; Dunlosky & Hertzog, 1998; Nelson & Leonesio, 1988) suggests individuals will always select and allocate the most time to items that have not yet been learned, whereas the Region of Proximal Learning model (RPL; Metcalfe, 2002) predicts individuals will select the easiest unknown items and will only later select and allocate time to the more difficult items if time constraints permit, thus making distinctions among unlearned items graded by difficulty. Two experiments were conducted to examine whether younger and older adults item selection and study time allocation behaviors would be more consistent with DRM or RPL model predictions. Across both experiments younger and older adults initially selected easier items for study, providing the first evidence to date that the RPL model would extend to older adults self-paced study of heterogeneously difficult Spanish-English vocabulary pairs. However, both younger and older adults allocated more time to difficult than easier items. The assignment of point values to items in Experiment 2 affected how likely participants were to pursue each of four experimenter-determined task goals that either stressed the number of words recalled, points earned, or both. Whether point values initially favored recall of easy or difficult items interacted with time constraints to influence the basis (objective versus subjective difficulty) and order of participants item selections (Experiment 2). However, younger adults were better able to effectively allocate their study time to achieve self-determined (Experiment 1) and experimenter-determined goals (Experiment 2), indicating age-related differences in metacognitive control despite younger and older adults having similar memory self-efficacy ratings and encoding strategy use behaviors.
192

Time management v sekundárním vzdělávání / Time management in secondary education

Mutl, Josef January 2018 (has links)
The purpose of this diploma thesis is to analyse time management methods and their application in secondary education. The theoretical part of the thesis focuses on different time management methods, which are available to teachers and pupils in secondary education. Special attention is paid to the representation of this topic in the Framework Educational Programs (FEPs) for basic education, Gymnasium and secondary vocational education. The practical part deals with how teachers and pupils use these methods. Teachers are also asked how they pass their knowledge of time management to their pupils. The research is realized in the form of semi- structured interviews with teachers and psychologists. The interviews showed that time management is not systematically taught in schools. The result of this diploma thesis is a description of useful methods and recommendations for their practical application in the educational process.
193

Tempo de permanência do curativo após mamoplastia redutora: influência na colonização, na infecção da ferida operatória e na opinião das pacientes / Duration of dressing wear after reduction mammaplasty: effect on colonization, surgical site infection, and patient’s opinion

Veiga Filho, Joel [UNIFESP] 25 August 2010 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-22T20:50:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-08-25 / Introdução: o cuidado com a ferida operatória é controverso na literatura, com recomendações diversas, desde não se colocar curativo, mantê-lo por 24 a 48h, ou mantê-lo até a retirada das suturas. Objetivo: Avaliar a influência do tempo de permanência do curativo após mamoplastia redutora na colonização cutânea, na infecção da ferida operatória e na opinião das pacientes. Métodos: 70 pacientes com indicação para mamoplastia redutora foram distribuídas aleatoriamente em dois grupos. No grupo PO1 o curativo foi retirado no 1o dia pós-operatório e no grupo PO6 o curativo foi retirado no 6º dia pós-operatório. A colonização cutânea foi verificada por meio de culturas de coletas em momentos padronizados. A avaliação da ferida operatória quanto à infecção seguiu os critérios definidos pelo Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). A opinião das pacientes quanto ao curativo foi verificada no 13º dia pós- operatório. Resultados: no 6º dia pós-operatório houve um maior número de unidades formadoras de colônias, no grupo PO1. Nove pacientes (12,9%) apresentaram infecção, sete no grupo PO1 (20%) e duas no grupo PO6 (6%). Das pacientes do grupo PO1, 66% prefeririam manter o curativo por um dia e do grupo PO6, 83% prefeririam manter o curativo por seis dias. Conclusões: a colonização no 6º dia pós-operatório foi maior no grupo PO1. Não houve diferença entre os grupos quanto à ocorrência de infecção da ferida operatória. As pacientes demonstraram preferência e acharam mais seguro a permanência do curativo até o sexto dia pós-operatório. / Background: There is controversy in the literature regarding the treatment of surgical wounds, which includes different approaches to wound management, such as “not to dress the wound” to “leave the dressing in place for 24-48 hours” or “until sutures are removed”. Objective: To evaluate the effect of the length of time the dressings were left in place after reduction mammaplasty on skin colonization, surgical site infection, and patient opinion. Methods: Seventy patients undergoing reduction mammaplasty were randomly divided into two groups: group PO1 (dressing was removed on the first postoperative day) and group PO6 (dressing was removed on the sixth postoperative day). Skin colonization was detected by culture of samples collected at predefined time points. Surgical site infections were classified according to the guidelines of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Patient satisfaction was assessed on postoperative day 13. Results: A larger number of colony-forming units were measured in group PO1 on postoperative day 6. Nine (12.9%) patients had surgical site infection (seven from group PO1, and two from group PO2). In group PO1, 66% of the patients chose to keep the dressing for one day, while 83% of the patients in group PO6 chose to keep the dressing for six days. Conclusions: Higher colonization levels were observed in group PO1 on the sixth postoperative day. There was no difference in surgical site infection between groups. Most of the patients chose to keep the dressing in place for six days postoperatively, and felt it was safer. / TEDE / BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertações
194

Moderní společnost a pracovní čas / Modern society and working time

KUCHAŘOVÁ, Lenka January 2012 (has links)
Last decade of society development brought numerous essential changes, which are reflected in the forming of working time. This work tries to give comprehensive view on the progress of working time forming and development (its division and separation, working hours length variation) with the emphasis on unconventional (flexible) methods of working time planning and their usage in contemporary society, that is now more often and required. In final chapter there is brought closer the development of legislative conception of working time in Czechoslovak and Czech legislation.
195

Smartphone-kalendrar inom “Personal Ecology of Artifacts” : En studie kring akademiska studenters planering av tid med hjälp av smartphone-kalendrar / Smartphone calendars in “Personal Ecology of Artifacts” : A study of academic students time management with the help of smartphone calendars

Eriksson, Isa, Westergren, Fanny January 2018 (has links)
I den här studien har vi undersökt användbarheten av smartphone-kalendrar i förhållande till högskolestudenters “Personal Ecology of Artifacts”. Eftersom den tekniska utvecklingen går snabbt framåt behövs ny forskning för att fylla den kunskapsluckan om smartphone-kalenderns design för tidsplanering, vilket vi utforskar på akademiska studenter. Vårt syfte med undersökning är att kartlägga vad det är som fungerar, respektive inte fungerar med de smartphone-kalendrarna som används hos studenter. För att ta reda på det har vi genomfört en kvalitativ undersökning där vi höll i en fokusgrupp. De positiva och negativa egenskaperna som vi har sett i användbarheten utifrån vårt empiriska material, är det vi slutligen kommer att presentera
196

Gerenciamento de prazos: uma revisão crítica das técnicas em uso em empreendimentos em regime EPC. / Time management: a critical review of the techniques used in EPC projects.

Carlos Augusto Dornellas do Nascimento 14 March 2007 (has links)
O segmento de Consultoria em Engenharia, ao lado das Universidades e Centros de Pesquisas, é um dos pilares do desenvolvimento científico-tecnológico do país e é considerado um dos responsáveis pela otimização de investimentos, redução dos prazos e dos custos de implantação de empreendimentos públicos e privados, industrial ou de infra-estrutura. Atualmente, esses empreendimentos vêm passando por modificações significativas, exigindo cada vez um melhor desempenho de seus contratados, tanto nos aspectos de qualidade, desempenho, prazo e custos, quanto nos aspectos associados aos riscos contratuais, pois tornaram -se freqüentes contratações nas modalidades EPC (engineering, procurement, construction) e \"turn-key\". Neste novo cenário, as organizações precisam ser mais competitivas para sobreviverem às condições impostas pelo mercado, e, neste novo contexto, o gerenciamento de prazos tem-se tornado um fator crítico de sucesso. Esta dissertação desenvolve uma extensa revisão das técnicas de gerenciamento de prazos, com ênfase na etapa de programação, e uma análise comparativa das principais técnicas utilizadas no gerenciamento de projetos. Para isto, tomou-se como referência o caso de um projeto real, contratado mediante a modalidade EPC, em desenvolvimento por uma Empresa de Consultoria em Engenharia. Foi realizada a comparação entre os Métodos do Caminho Crítico, Corrente Crítica, Análises Probabilísticas e de Monte Carlo, abordando a aplicabilidade dessas técnicas neste caso. Ao final é feita uma síntese dos principais resultados alcançados, bem como dos requisitos demandados na aplicação de cada uma destas técnicas. / The segment of Consultancy in Engineering, as well as the Universities and the Research Centers are some of the pillars of the scientific -technological development in the country and they have been responsible for optimizing the investments, reducing the deadlines and the costs of project implementation in the public and private sectors, along with the industrial and infra-structure sectors. Nowadays, these projects have been going through major changes, which have demanded better performances from those who are contracted, in areas such as the quality control, performa nces, time and costs, as well as the contract risks, which more often than ever, have fallen into the EPC category (engineering, procurement, and construction) and the \'turn-key\' category. In this new scenario, companies need to be more competitive to live through the conditions imposed by the market, and, in this new context, time management has turned into a critical success factor. This dissertation develops an extensive review of the time management techniques focusing on scheduling and also a comparative analysis of the most important techniques used in Project Management. To do that, a real project was created as reference case in which the EPC category was defined and was developed by an Engineering Consultancy. A comparison among The Critical Path Method and The Critical Chain, Probability Analysis Method and The Monte Carlo Method was made, and it approached the applicability of these techniques in this case. At the end, there is a summary of the most important outcomes, as well as the necessary conditions to apply each of these techniques.
197

Identificação de um metodo estatistico como instrumento da qualidade : tempo da presença do doente na sala de operação / Identification of a statistical method of quality as a tool : patient in the presence of oeprating rooms

Aranha, Guiomar Terezinha Carvalho 14 August 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Reinaldo Wilson Vieira / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T17:55:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Aranha_GuiomarTerezinhaCarvalho_D.pdf: 1075475 bytes, checksum: f4e2df58563be1cdd8864a1a094d7ff1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: Introdução: A organização do trabalho científico através da lógica e experimentos, a estrutura do estabelecimento de pesquisa individual ou aos diferentes aspectos da vida da comunidade científica foram o eixo de mudanças na relação ciência e tecnologia. A Universidade, dentro deste contexto, se constitui em uma fonte de criação permanente, sistematização e difusão do conhecimento científico e tecnológico. A estatística como instrumento da qualidade se constitui em apoio às ações que visem à otimização dos recursos disponíveis e melhoria da prestação de serviços com qualidade. Objetivo: O estudo proposto, junto à especialidade de Cirurgia Cardíaca/Hospital de Clínicas/Unicamp tem como objetivo identificar um método estatístico que expresse o tempo da presença do doente na sala de operação e construir uma "matriz de relação" de otimização deste tempo, o tempo exato e real da operação. Método: O método de análise de sobrevivência aplicada utilizando o estimador não paramétrico de Kaplan-Meier, permite calcular as curvas de sobrevivência para os tempos em estudo, e com o resultado obtido criar uma "matriz de relação" da otimização do tempo da presença do doente na sala de operação por meio de dez hipóteses que auxiliam na escolha da nova operação, e melhor ocupação da sala. Este estudo tem como parâmetro de referência para o tempo de limpeza da sala de operação, o que a literatura estabelece em aproximadamente 30 minutos, além do tempo de cada tipo de procedimento cirúrgico. A amostra aleatória simples para estimar a curva de sobrevivência constitui-se de 71 pacientes, das operações eletivas de adultos da Cirurgia Cardíaca/Hospital de Clínicas/UNICAMP, durante o ano de 2008. Resultados: Nos resultados encontrados observou-se que os tempos que sobram das operações em média estão em um intervalo de 140 minutos a 200 minutos e excedem de 5 minutos a 90 minutos, para realização de novas operações. No geral, realizou-se em média diariamente uma operação dentro de 520 minutos, para um tempo disponível de 720 minutos. No ano de 2008 foram suspensas 39% das operações, sendo que 81% dos motivos foram "fatores hospitalares extrapacientes" e 19% "relativos ao paciente". Em suma com os resultados obtidos pela metodologia de análise de sobrevivência, metodologia tradicional, e metodologia de gestão da qualidade, é possível cruzar informações e construir passo a passo o conhecimento científico e tecnológico. Conclusão: (1) O tempo do doente na sala de operação é um tempo que tem nele incluso, o tempo de aprendizado pelo aluno, em um hospital escola, universitário. (2) Com o tempo máximo disponível de 720 minutos não é possível realizar outra operação, a não ser utilizando da "matriz de relação", sendo que o tempo máximo disponível varia entre 660 minutos e 690 minutos, considerando-se intervalo de limpeza da sala. (3) Ao otimizar o tempo do doente na sala de operação, através da "matriz de relação", mais doentes serão beneficiados, acarretando uma diminuição da fila de espera para novas operações, garantindo uma eficiente relação custo benefício. (4) A "matriz de relação" fornece dados que permitem visualizar, opinar e decidir qual é a melhor operação a ser realizada e se há tempo disponível para tal / Abstract: Introduction: The science and technology evolution were made by the scientific literature and the scientific methodological theory. The Academy with this background is the continuing source of sistematization and difusion of scientific acknowledge. Statistics as a tool for a quality control might support actions that may promote the available resources optimization and improvements on services with higher quality. Objective: The present study, carried out with the Cardiac Surgery Discipline at Hospital de Clínicas/Unicamp had the aim to identify the best statistical method for patient time at operation room by fitting and bulding up a model for predicted operation room time, and observed operation room time measurements. Method: The method of survival analysis performed using the nonparametric estimator of Kaplan-Meier allows to calculate the survival curves for time to study. Using this analysis was possible to build up a "relationship matrix" for operation room time optimization, predicted operation room time, and observed operation time by choosing ten different hypotheses which assisted for the next operation type to be performed increasing the operation room time availability. The "relationship matrix" took into account as parameters: time period for operation room disinfection that the consulted literature reports to be around 30 minutes; and surgery procedure type performed. This study included 71 patients underwent open-heart surgeries by Discipline of Cardiac Surgery at Hospital de Clinicas/Unicamp randomly sampled during 2008. Results: The remaining mean operation time after the first surgery in the day ranged from 140 to 200 minutes and the exceeding mean operation time after first surgery in the day ranged from 5 to 90 minutes. The average surgeries performed every day were one procedure spending 520 minutes within 720 minutes available for every day. In 2008, 39% of the procedures were postponed, such that 81% of those due to "hospital related" reasons and 19% to "patient related" reasons. In summary, the results showed above using Kaplan-Meier statistical method, traditional methodology, and managing of quality methodology it was possible to build up a scientific acknowledge. Conclusion: (1) The patient time at the operation room inclued a students learning time a school hospital. (2) With the maximum available time (i.e.720 minutes) it is not possible to perform another operation, nonetheless employing the "relationship matrix", with a maximum available time between 660 and 690 minutes, taking into account were inclued in this interval the disinfection room time. (3) By optimizing the patient time at operation room, more patients will be benefit shorting the wating list time for operations and increasing the cost/benefit ratio. (4) The "relationship matrix" gave data that provided valuable information for choosing next operation type based on remained time / Doutorado / Pesquisa Experimental / Doutor em Cirurgia
198

Distribuição do tempo de trabalho das enfermeiras em unidade de emergência / Nurses´ time distribution in emergency unit

Eliana de Araujo Garcia 01 June 2009 (has links)
As dificuldades encontradas para a operacionalização dos métodos de dimensionamento de pessoal de enfermagem nas unidades de emergência estão diretamente relacionadas à escassez de estudos e de parâmetros que instrumentalizem as enfermeiras para a determinação do quadro de pessoal. Diante deste cenário, este estudo teve por objetivo identificar e analisar a distribuição do tempo de trabalho das enfermeiras em uma unidade de emergência, bem como calcular o tempo médio despendido por estas profissionais na execução das intervenções/atividades de enfermagem. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de natureza quantitativa, descritiva, do tipo estudo de caso, realizada em um Hospital geral, universitário, localizado no município de São Paulo. Para alcançar os objetivos do estudo foi utilizado o método de amostragem de trabalho. A identificação das atividades de enfermagem, realizadas pelas enfermeiras, ocorreu mediante avaliação das fichas de atendimento dos pacientes e da observação direta das enfermeiras no cotidiano do trabalho na Unidade, que foram, posteriormente, categorizadas de acordo com um sistema padronizado de linguagem (NIC) e classificadas em intervenções de cuidado direto, intervenções de cuidado indireto, atividades associadas e de tempo pessoal. Os dados foram coletados no período de 11 a 14 de novembro de 2008, por seis observadoras de campo, treinadas especificamente para a realização deste procedimento. Obteve-se 1512 amostras das atividades realizadas pelas enfermeiras, verificando-se que as intervenções e atividades de enfermagem que mais utilizaram o tempo de trabalho das enfermeiras foram: Passagem de Plantão (8,79%), Cuidado na Admissão (7,40%), Documentação (6,74%), Troca de Informações sobre Cuidados de Saúde (5,42%), Delegação (4,36%), Transporte (3,44%), Supervisão de Funcionários (2,91%) e Plano de Alta e Administração de Medicamentos EV (2,12%). Observou-se que 35% do tempo das enfermeiras foram dedicados às intervenções de cuidado indireto, 35% às intervenções de cuidado direto de enfermagem, 18% às atividades de tempo pessoal e 12% às atividades associadas. A produtividade média destas profissionais correspondeu à 82%, considerado excelente, conforme os critérios de avaliação da produtividade propostos na literatura. A análise comparativa dos tempos identificados com os tempos estimados pela NIC permitiu verificar que 54,4% apresentaram correspondência com os intervalos de tempo estimados pela NIC. Com este estudo evidenciam-se perspectivas para a realização de novas investigações que contribuam para a identificação de parâmetros que subsidiem o processo de dimensionar pessoal de enfermagem nos serviços de emergência / The difficulties found to make operational the nursery personnel sizing methods at the emergency units are directly related to the lack of studies and parameters that would give nurses resources to determine the nursing staff. Facing that scenario, this study`s aim was to identify and analyze the work time distribution of nurses in an emergency unit as well as calculate the average time spent by these professionals at nursing activities. This is a prospective, quantitative, exploratory-descriptive type field research, conducted in a large, general, universitary hospital in the city of São Paulo. To achieve the above mentioned objectives a working sample method was used. To identify the nurses activities, patient charts were used as well as the observation of the nurses routine at Unit, which were later categorized in accordance with the standard language system (NIC) and classified as direct care and indirect care interventions, associated activities and personal time. Data were collected between November 11th through 14th, 2008, by six field observers, specifically trained for this task. 1512 samples were obtained from the nurses activities. The nursing activities and interventions that most used work time of the nurses were, showing that the activities that took more time from the nurses were: Shift Report (8,79%), Admission Care (7,40%), Documentation (6,74%), Health Care Information Exchange (5,42%), Delegation (4,36%), Transport (3,44%), Staff Supervision (2,91%) and Discharge Planning and Medication Administration: Intravenous (IV) (2,12%). It was observed that 35% of the nurses time was dedicated to indirect care interventions, 35% to direct care nursing interventions, 18% to personal time activities and 12% to related activities. The average productivity of these professionals achieved 82%, considered an excellent standard according to evaluation criteria shown in specific literature. The comparative analysis of the identified time estimated by NIC allowed to verify that 54,4% presented time intervals aligned by those estimated by NIC. This study gives perspectives to new investigations that could contribute to the identification of new parameters that could help to establish the necessary nursing staff for emergency services
199

Improving Time Management in the PDA : A Design Suggestion

Glenne, Jonas, Gustavsson, Hanna January 2002 (has links)
Many of those who buy a PDA today do it for the purpose of time management. The PDA is meant to replace other artifacts like paper diaries and notebooks but in practice the PDA cannot be used as the sole resource for time management. We think that to succeed in making time management with a PDA more useful the design has to be grounded in an understanding of the existing technology and how it is used in practice. We achieved this understanding of the time management with a PDA by conducting an ethnographical study to find out how the PDA is used in practice, making a technical investigation of the PDA and cooperated with the PDA users throughout the design process. In this thesis we describe our design suggestion that improves the applications for time management in the PDA and take it a step closer to be the replacement for other time management artifacts that the users wanted.
200

Managing a real-time massively-parallel neural architecture

Patterson, James Cameron January 2012 (has links)
A human brain has billions of processing elements operating simultaneously; the only practical way to model this computationally is with a massively-parallel computer. A computer on such a significant scale requires hundreds of thousands of interconnected processing elements, a complex environment which requires many levels of monitoring, management and control. Management begins from the moment power is applied and continues whilst the application software loads, executes, and the results are downloaded. This is the story of the research and development of a framework of scalable management tools that support SpiNNaker, a novel computing architecture designed to model spiking neural networks of biologically-significant sizes. This management framework provides solutions from the most fundamental set of power-on self-tests, through to complex, real-time monitoring of the health of the hardware and the software during simulation. The framework devised uses standard tools where appropriate, covering hardware up / down events and capacity information, through to bespoke software developed to provide real-time insight to neural network software operation across multiple levels of abstraction. With this layered management approach, users (or automated agents) have access to results dynamically and are able to make informed decisions on required actions in real-time.

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