This essay will address restrictions that an employer has in case of termination of employment due to redundancy. A company that has financial problems or wants to reorganize their business may need to lay some employees off work. That kind of happening does not happen easy for the employer. Although a Swedish employer has a right to direct and allocate work there are a few restrictions before an employee does not work at the company anymore. To find out how these restrictions affects an employer and their rights the Swedish law, with both laws, preparatory work and case law will be examined. Apart from the Swedish legislation the essay will also have a look into the EU legislation and how it affects national law. The legal research will contain of laws and case law with focus on the employer’s obligation to reposition an employee in 7§ law regarding employee protection and to obtain the priority rules, 22§ of the same law. Furthermore, with a theory of interest, the essay will discuss why and how the labour court argue for the employee or employers right to allocate work. The EU will be compared to the Swedish legislation to see if there are differences and what the differences may be. The legal research alongside the analysis showed that these restrictions can, if used well, not be restrictions that interfere with the employers right to direct and allocate work. This as a result of the theory of interest model. Finally, the essay shows how the EU and Swedish legislation are compatible.

One of the most fundamental principles of an employment relationship is that the employee is subordinate to the employers right to lead and distribute the work. The employers right to lead and distribute work also includes an independent right to relocate employees, within the framework of the employment. On the other hand, the employment relationship entails an obligation for employees to perform work on behalf of the employer. The purpose of this essay is to investigate and analyze the employers right to relocate employees and the employees’ obligation to work. The essay will examine which circumstances are decisive in the assessment of whether a relocation is too intrusive or not. It will also be examined how extensive the work obligation of employees is when relocating. To achieve this purpose, legislation, case law, doctrine and other literature will be analyzed. The study presents that there are several factors that are decisive in the assessment whether a relocation is too intrusive. It can be established that individual circumstances in the specific situation are of great importance in the assessment. However, some factors that are relevant according the court’s assessments are custom in the line of business and workplace, the effects of the relocation on the employee and the employer’s reasons for the relocation. Since relocations are a complex concept and many relocations are of a unique nature, it would be complicated and problematic to establish general assessment criteria for all relocations.

This thesis has examined in which respects the employer's right to unilaterally change the arrangement of working hours for its employees is limited, in current Swedish law. The work has analyzed different limitations found in statutes, case law and in agreements and divided them into two different categories. One is a substantive aspect, which has taken aim at such limitations which partly mean prohibitions against the employer to arrange working hours in a certain way, and partly those which oblige the employer to make a certain decision. The second is a formal aspect, which does not take away the employer's decision-making right but constitutes practical obstacles for the employer in the decision-making process or that certain obligations are triggered after making a certain decision. The work has also concluded that there is no detailed regulation of how the working hours should be arranged in the Swedish statutory system, which means that the employer's right to decide is extensive. Hence, the most effective and far-reaching way to limit the employer's right to decide is through collective agreements with trade unions and personal agreements with individual employees.

The thesis aims to analyze the conflict of rights between the employer's right to prohibit religious manifestations in the workplace and the employee's religious freedom. The essay is written using the legal dogmatic method consisting of for example law, judicial principles, and court decisions. The protection of religious freedom and religion as a ground for discrimination is described in the thesis. Furthermore, the employer's rights are described, referring to the employer’s right to work management and freedom of trade. Through practice and the European convention on human rights (ECHR), it can be stated that religious freedom is not absolute, and it can be restricted. For a restriction to be justified, a legitimate purpose and a necessary and proportionate measure is required. What is defined as proportionate measures may differ between states regarding its Margin of Appreciation. It can as well be stated that there is a difference between manifesting religion by religious symbols and other forms of manifestation. Symbols are more visible and can therefore make a stronger first impression in the workplace.

The essay is about the conditions for employers and employees when the home functions as the workplace. During Covid-19, more and more people were forced to work from home, and now after the pandemic, the flexible way of working continues. The new work-situation will be studied from both a legal and a societal perspective to examine the employer's work management, work environment responsibility and remote monitoring possibilities. The purpose is to investigate how the prevailing working conditions can change when the home is seen as a workplace. The essay will be based on a legal dogmatic method in order to interpret and systematize regarding law, based on accepting legal sources. The sources that will be used are laws, directives, propositions, public inquiries, practice, case law from the European Court and Swedish Labor Court, literature and electronic sources to analyze the legal aspects. Furthermore, a qualitative study will be used to broaden the perspective and provide more understanding for employers and employees who work or have employees who work at home. Legislation regarding the working environment is primarily based on a workplace where the employee is on the employer's premises. The situation has changed, laws are needed to clarify which rights and obligations employers and employees have. The essay will highlight how the physical, organizational and social work environment affects employees when working from home. As a result of working from home, electronic services and means of communication are now used to continue their daily work and maintain contact. Technological developments have expanded rapidly, and it is readily available for employers to be able to monitor the performance of the employee at home. Thereby will limitations and opportunities for employers to monitor their employees at home be highlighted.

The Employment Protection Act (1982:80) provides provisions regarding priority of re-employment. A few cases where these provisions have been subject to examination, have been discussed thoroughly in SOU 2014:55. In these cases the Labour Court has identified the question whether the provisions regarding priority of re-employment can be subject to circumvention in an illegal manner. The Labour Court has stated that it would be incompatible with the sense of justice if the provisions could be circumvented to the detriment of employees entitled to priority of re-employment. However, the Labour Court stated that certain conditions have to be imposed for the assessment. After analysis of the conditions, it is established that they are deemed to cause major difficulties for employees, why it is held that the purpose and the function of the conditions are not achieved. The purpose of the essay is therefore to investigate whether the application of the conditions imposed by the Labour Court, need to undergo modifications to meet the underlying purpose of the creation of the conditions. By reason of the difficulty with the conditions, the essay provides three different amendments in which two of the amendments are ascertained to not contribute to such an improvement that they should actually be applied. The third amendment implies that the burden of proof to some degree is reversed from the employee to the employer, whereby the difficulties following the second condition are limited. To preserve the balance between the interests of both parties the standard of proof is modified for the employer. Except from the fact that the underlying purpose of the provisions can be met with this modification, the amendment also ensures that the procedural premises conform to what generally is considered valid. Additionally, the rules regain their effectiveness and predictability. / I LAS finns bestämmelser om arbetstagares företrädesrätt till återanställning. Ett antal rättsfall där dessa företrädesrättsregler varit föremål för prövning har i SOU 2014:55 diskuterats närmare. I dessa rättsfall har ifrågasatts om företrädesrättsreglerna kan kringgås av arbetsgivare på ett sätt som kan anses lagstridigt. Arbetsdomstolen har i dessa rättsfall slagit fast att det onekligen skulle vara oförenligt med rättskänslan om företrädesrättsreglerna kan kringgås till skada för företrädesberättigade arbetstagare. Arbetsdomstolen har emellertid fastställt att det måste uppställas bestämda krav för att sådant kringgående ska vara för handen, varför ett antal förutsättningar uppställts. Efter analyser av dessa förutsättningar konstateras att de ger upphov till stora svårigheter för arbetstagare, varför det i uppsatsen konstateras att förutsättningarnas syfte och funktion inte uppfylls. Det huvudsakligen syftet med uppsatsen är därför att undersöka huruvida rättstillämpningen på området behöver genomgå förändring för att uppnå det bakomliggande syftet till förutsättningarnas uppkomst. I uppsatsen utarbetas med anledning av problematiken med gällande förutsättningar tre olika förslag till ändring av gällande rättsläge. Två av dessa konstateras emellertid inte ge upphov till sådan förbättring att de bör tillämpas. Det tredje ändringsförslaget innebär emellertid att viss bevisbörda flyttas från arbetstagaren till arbetsgivaren, varigenom svårigheterna med den andra förutsättningen begränsas. För att i största mån upprätthålla balansen mellan båda parters intressen justeras också beviskraven för arbetsgivare, vilket utöver att syftet med reglerna uppnås också resulterar i att de processrättsliga utgångspunkterna överensstämmer med vad som generellt torde vara gällande. Därutöver återfår också reglerna deras effektivitet och förutsebarhet.