See file for abstract / Christian Spirituality, Church History and Missiology) / D. Th ((Missiology) Christian Spirituality, Church History and Missiology)

See file for abstract / Christian Spirituality, Church History and Missiology) / D. Th ((Missiology) Christian Spirituality, Church History and Missiology)

Thesis (PhD (Curriculum Studies))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009. / The HIV/AIDS crisis in South Africa has reached pandemic levels, with over 1 000 deaths per day. The church in South Africa represents a largely untapped resource for addressing this problem. One of the largest Evangelical church groups in South Africa is the Assemblies of God (AOG/SA). This church group consists of three culturally distinct fraternals: The Group (white), The Association (coloured), and The Movement (black). Although they function under one executive committee, these fraternals have remained organizationally distinct even after the dismantling of apartheid laws in 1991. On the issue of HIV/AIDS, all three fraternals have remained largely quiet and uninvolved. They have made no attempt to strategize on a unified response to the pandemic, nor have they attempted to promote culturally relevant curricula capable of empowering their pastors and theological students to respond effectively to this crisis. The research consisted of two phases, following Rothman and Thomas's Intervention Research model (1994), with special emphasis on the design and development component. The first phase identified and assessed educational, cultural, and religious factors relevant to the development and delivery of a clergy-focused multicultural curriculum intervention addressing the HIV/AIDS pandemic in South Africa. Data-gathering strategy for the first phase consisted of semi-structured interviews with ethnographic notions. The target groups for the first phase of the research included 15 credentialed AOG/SA pastors and the three fraternal leaders. The leaders and fraternal members participated in semistructured interviews designed to establish cultural and religious points of divergence pertaining to topics surrounding the AIDS pandemic (e.g. sickness, death, sexuality and gender roles). The second phase of the research consisted of the development and delivery of a curriculum intervention. Integrating the cultural and religious factors identified in the first phase of the research, the nine-day curriculum intervention was presented to 34 tertiary-level theological students in two culturally distinct venues. The content of the curriculum primarily emphasized aspects of gender, tradition, and culture as they relate to HIV/AIDS and surrounding issues. The intervention utilized three curriculum theories that were deemed relevant to the educational context of South Africa: humanistic curriculum theory, social reconstructionist curriculum theory and dialogue curriculum theory. Data-gathering strategies for the second phase of the research utilized both quantitative and qualitative instruments with ethnographic notions. The quantitative instruments included the Scale of Basic HIV/AIDS Knowledge (SHAK), Personal Reflections of Men with HIV/AIDS (PRM) and Personal Reflections of Women with HIV/AIDS (PRW). Reflective journaling was used to acquire qualitative data from student participants. Scores significantly improved on the SHAK in both venues. Scores on the PRW improved in both venues, significantly so in one. Unexpectedly, scores on the PRM declined at both venues, although not significantly so. Males with HIV/AIDS were viewed more negatively by both genders at the end of the intervention in both venues. Reflective journal entries indicated that students at both venues clearly perceived a need for the church to be involved in the pandemic; many proposed that sex education should be taking place within the context of church youth ministry. Affective responses were markedly positive for those suffering with AIDS, particularly females. The data clearly indicated that the curriculum was effective in two culturally distinct venues.

Les flavonoïdes sont des ingrédients prometteurs pour différentes applications alimentaires et non alimentaires, grâce à leurs propriétés antioxydantes et biologiques. Cependant, la formulation de ces molécules est difficile à réaliser en raison de leur faible solubilité dans la plupart des solvants. Afin de remédier à cette difficulté, l’approche suivie dans cette étude est l’incorporation des flavonoïdes dans des particules à base de biopolymères (protéine-polysaccharide), stables et fonctionnelles. Le principal objectif de cette thèse était d’acquérir des connaissances à différentes échelles d’étude sur les mécanismes d’interaction et d’assemblage entre un flavonoïde, la quercétine, et deux biopolymères,B-lactoglobuline (BLG) et la gomme d’Acacia (AG). Dans une première étape, nous avons pu mettre au point des particules submicroniques (Dh : ~250 nm) de gomme d’Acacia-quercétine (GAQ) possédant une structure assimilée à un assemblage « cœur-couronne » et traduisant un comportement correspondant à celui de particules molles. Dans une seconde étape, nous avons étudié les mécanismes d’assemblage des particules de GAQ avec la BLG à pH 4,2 et à 25 °C. Les paramètres thermodynamiques d’interaction ont été déterminés par calorimétrie de titration isotherme (ITC) et montrent des isothermes de liaison caractérisées par une séquence exothermique-endothermique. Les différentes entités structurales formées durant la complexation entre la GA et la BLG ou la GAQ et la BLG ont été caractérisées en utilisant la même approche par titration que pour l’ITC. Enfin, des mesures par spectroscopie infra-rouge à transformée de Fourier (FTIR) ont montré une modification de la structure secondaire de la BLG après interaction avec la GA et la GAQ. D’importantes pertes de structures (hélices-α et feuillets-β), encore plus marquées en présence de quercétine / Flavonoids are promising ingredients in food and non food applications through their antioxidative and biological properties. However, their negligible solubility in most solvent renders problematic technological developments. In order to overcome this drawback, the approach followed in this study was the incorporation of flavonoids in stable and functional particles based on biopolymers (protein-polysaccharide). The main objective of this thesis was to acquire knowledge at different scales to study the mechanisms of interaction and linkage between a flavonoid, quercetin, and two biopolymers, B-lactoglobulin (BLG) and Acacia gum (AG). In a first step, we were able to develop submicronic particles (Dh : ~250 nm) of quercetin-Acacia gum (GAQ) based on a core of quercetin and a shell of Acacia gum, reflecting a behavior of soft particles. In a second step, we investigated the assembly mechanisms GAQ with BLG at pH 4.2 and 25 ° C. The thermodynamic parameters of interaction were determined by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and show binding isotherm characterized by an exothermic-endothermic sequence. The various structural entities formed during the complexation between GA and BLG or BLG and GAQ were characterized using the same approach as for the ITC titration. Finally, measurements using infra-red Fourier transform (FTIR) showed changes in the secondary structure of BLG after interaction with the GA and the GAQ. There was a significant loss of secondary structures (α-helices and β-sheets), even more pronounced in presence of quercetin

À l’aube du IXe siècle, les Carolingiens prétendent imposer à l’Occident l’unité dans la foi et le culte. Cet idéal domine les pensées des empereurs qui se conçoivent comme protecteurs, législateurs et juges, mais aussi vicaires du Christ et recteurs de l’Église. De telles ambitions stimulent l’élaboration d’un gouvernement original. Comme les conquêtes avaient composé une vaste mosaïque de populations, de cultures et d’intérêts, la concorde posait un grand défi. Pour y répondre, Charlemagne et Louis le Pieux ont fait des communications leur premier outil politique. Leur inventivité et leur efficience furent appréciables, mais elles n’ont pas suffi à leur gagner toutes les adhésions : la discorde s’est installée là où l’empereur ne parvenait pas à maintenir une relation forte avec les élites régionales. Les distances et les modalités des communications déterminaient la nature de leurs échanges, donc leurs limites et, de ce fait, le destin de l’Empire carolingien. L’enquête aborde un vaste éventail documentaire : actes, capitulaires, correspondances, monnaies... Elle s’intéresse particulièrement aux relations du pouvoir impérial avec les élites du sud-ouest de l’empire. Ses résultats dépendent d’un étayage complexe : dispositifs de représentation du pouvoir, conséquences politico-sociales des distances et des vitesses de déplacement, anthropologie de la rencontre et des relations à distance, étude des réseaux. Au-delà des considérations propres à l’histoire des VIIIe-IXe siècles, elle démontre l’intérêt d’aborder les réalités politiques prémodernes du point de vue des défis que présentent les distances géographiques, les rencontres et les communications. / At the start of the 9th Century, the Carolingians intended to unite Western Europe in the Christian faith and cult. This ideal was central to the emperors’ thoughts, who considered themselves protectors, legislators and judges, even claiming to be the vicars of Christ and rectors of the Church’s institutions. Such ambitions led to the development of an original form of government. Since the conquests had composed a large mosaic of populations, cultures and interests, maintaining concord became a major difficulty for the Carolingian government. In rising to this challenge, Charlemagne and Louis the Pious made communications their foremost political tool. With inventiveness and efficiency they used communications as best they could, but it was not enough to establish long lasting unity : discordances built up where they were unable to maintain strong relations with the regional élite. Distances and means of communications determined the nature and limits of the exchanges between the political center and its peripheries, thus orienting the destiny of the Empire. This study tackles a wide variety of sources, including diplomas, capitularies, correspondences, coins... Among other things, it investigates the relations of the imperial government with the southwestern part of the Empire. The results are supported by a series of inquiries touching on representations of political authority, network studies, sociopolitical consequences of geographical distance and speed of communication, anthropological complexities of encounters and long-distance relations. Beyond the history of the 8th and 9th Centuries, it illustrates the necessity of approaching pre-modern political realities through the lens of geographical distances, meetings and communications.

L'accroissement des performances des équipements de Traction ferroviaire, reposait essentiellement jusqu'à maintenant, sur l'intégration des innovations dans le domaine des composants électriques et des matériaux diélectriques mais la standardisation de sous-ensembles réutilisables nous conduit à reconsidérer les assemblages structuraux des coffres de traction (convertisseurs de puissance). Ces coffres de traction sont assemblés actuellement avec des éléments de fixation mécanique (boulon, rivet), le but est donc d'améliorer la connaissance des comportements mécaniques de ces types d'assemblages à travers d'une étude expérimentale basée sur des essais statiques et dynamiques sur des joints boulonnés et rivetés. Ces essais nous ont permis de valider des modèles numériques par des éléments finis en utilisant les codes de calcul ABAQUS et ANSYS. La deuxième partie de la thèse concerne les assemblages par collage structural. Nous avons étudié la possibilité de remplacer les assemblages mécaniques classiques par l'assemblage par collage structural. La première phase de notre travail a été de recenser et sélectionner des adhésifs structuraux susceptibles de répondre à notre cahier de charge. Dans cette partie les travaux suivants ont été réalisés : - Etude des comportements des adhésifs en tant que matériau, ce qui a nécessité de réaliser des éprouvettes massiques. - Réalisation d'essais expérimentaux en statique et en dynamique sur des joints collés avec l'adhésif sélectionné. - Création des modèles numériques non linéaires en 3D sur ABAQUS pour les joints collés. - Etude hygrothermique accélérée afin d'étudier l'effet du vieillissement sur les assemblages collés en fonction de l'humidité et de la température. / Increased performance of railway traction equipment, until now relied primarily on the integration of innovations in the field of electrical and dielectric materials, but the standardization of subassemblies reusable us to reconsider the structural assemblies of the traction cubicles (power converters). These cubicles are assembled now with mechanical fasteners (bolts, rivets), the first goal is to improve knowledge of the mechanical behaviour of these types of joints through an experimental study based on statics and dynamics tests of bolted and riveted joints. These tests have allowed us to validate numerical models of finite elements by using the computer codes ABAQUS® and ANSYS®. The second part of the thesis deals with the structural adhesive joints. We studied the possibility of replacing conventional mechanical assembly structural bonding. The first phase of our work was to identify and select structural adhesives that could meet our specifications. In this section the following work has been made: - Study of thermo-mechanical behaviour of the adhesive with the bulk Adhesive Test Specimens. - Statics and dynamics test in the bonded joint. - Non-linear 3D finite elements models. - Hygrothermal accelerated to study the effect of aging on the adhesive according to the humidity and temperature.

En raison des enjeux écologiques actuels, l'utilisation de ressources lignocellulosiques dans l'élaboration de matériaux composites suscite actuellement un intérêt grandissant. Au-delà des applications traditionnelles (papier, panneaux composites, textiles…), les ressources lignocellulosiques constituent une alternative durable aux ressources fossiles pour la production de biocarburant ou d'agrocomposites à base de fibres végétales. Ainsi, si l'on souhaite optimiser les performances de ces nouveaux composites, il est nécessaire de mieux connaitre les propriétés de la fibre et par conséquent réaliser une étude multi-échelle des propriétés physicochimiques et mécaniques des fibres, des polymères constitutifs et de leurs interactions. Dans ce cadre, le premier objectif de la thèse a été de mesurer à l'échelle nanométrique le gradient de propriétés mécaniques et physicochimiques de coupes de fibres végétales par l'intermédiaire de deux techniques utilisant le microscope à force atomique (AFM) visant à cartographier les propriétés nanomécaniques et les caractéristiques spectrales en IR. Puis, pour mieux comprendre le rôle des polymères et de leurs interactions sur les propriétés de la fibre, des systèmes bioinspirés, composés des trois principales classes de polymères pariétaux et de complexité croissante ont été élaborés en veillant à introduire des interactions covalentes et non covalentes entre les polymères, et plus particulièrement entre la lignine et les polysaccharides (cellulose, hémicelluloses). / Due to environmental context, the exploitation of lignocellulosic ressources in the elaboration of composite materials has currently a growing interest. Beside traditional uses (paper, textiles…), lignocellulosic ressources constitute a sustainable alternative to fossils ressources for the production of biofuels and fiber-based agrocomposites. However, optimization of the performance of fiber composites requires a multi-scale study of the physicochemical and mechanical properties of the fibers and of their constitutive polymers and their interactions. To this end, the first goal of the thesis is to measure at nanometric scale, the gradient of the mechanical and physicochemical properties of plant fibers using two AFM-based techniques aiming at the mapping of nanomechanical and IR spectral properties. Then, in order to better understand the role of the polymers and of their interactions on the fibers' properties, bioinspired systems have been designed with three main lignocellulosic polymers while achieving in covalent and non-covalent interactions between the polymers (especially between polysaccharides and lignin).

La nanostructure et les propriétés électroniques de matériaux modèles pour le photovoltaïque organique, ont été étudiées en utilisant la Microscopie à Force Atomique en mode non contact sous ultra-vide (NC-AFM) et la Microscopie à sonde de Kelvin (KPFM). En utilisant le mode modulation d'amplitude (AM-KPFM), le potentiel de surface photo- généré dans des mélanges donneur-accepteur présentant une ségrégation de phase optimale a pu être visualisé à l'échelle du nanomètre. Afin de préciser la nature des forces mises en jeu dans le processus d'imagerie KPFM, des oligomères π-conjugués auto-assemblés ont ensuite été étudiés. Une transition entre régimes à longue et à courte portée a ainsi été mise en évidence en combinant l'imagerie en haute résolution aux mesures de spectroscopie en distance. Ces mesures ont également démontré que l'influence des forces électrostatiques à courte portée peut être minimisée en travaillant au seuil du contraste de dissipation. Enfin cette procédure a été utilisée, en combinaison avec les mesures de spectroscopie de photoélectrons UV, pour analyser la fonction de sortie locale d'électrodes transparentes à base de nanotubes de carbone fonctionnalisés. / In this thesis, noncontact atomic force microscopy (NC-AFM) and Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) under ultrahigh vacuum have been applied to investigate the nanostructure and electronic surface properties of model materials for organic photovoltaics. First, it has been demonstrated that the surface photovoltage of nanoscale phase segregated donor-acceptor photovoltaic blends can be finely resolved at the nanometer scale by using amplitude modulation KPFM (AM-KPFM). Next, model self-assembled π-conjugated oligomers have been investigated, in order to obtain a deeper insight into the nature of the tip-surface forces involved in the KPFM imaging process. A crossover between long-range (LR) and short-range (SR) regimes has been evidenced by combining high resolution imaging with distance-spectroscopy measurements. It has also been shown that the influence of the SR electrostatic forces can be minimized by working at the onset of the damping contrast. Finally, using this procedure, the local work function of flexible transparent electrodes, comprised of functionalized carbon nanotubes by metallic nanoparticles, has been investigated, and compared to the averaged value deduced from ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy.

Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2018-02-01T13:17:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Moab César Carvalho Costa_.pdf: 31892309 bytes, checksum: 76f6617db46c0ab74488c5adb0c963e2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-01T13:17:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Moab César Carvalho Costa_.pdf: 31892309 bytes, checksum: 76f6617db46c0ab74488c5adb0c963e2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-11-17 / UEMA – Universidade Estadual do Maranhão / Esta pesquisa se propõe a estudar o movimento pentecostal brasileiro por meio de uma de suas maiores instituições, as Igrejas Evangélicas Assembleias de Deus – ADs. Com uma abordagem ancorada nos diálogos interdisciplinares com as Ciências Sociais, recomendados pela Nova História Cultura, analisam-se as mudanças na identidade assembleiana clássica, no processo de acomodação à sociedade de consumidores, fato que denominamos de o aggiornamento do pentecostalismo assembleiano. Fundadas pelos Missionários suecos Daniel Berg e Gunnar Vingren em 1911, as ADs deram início ao movimento pentecostal, junto com a Congregação Cristã do Brasil – CCB. Cem anos após sua fundação encontram-se presentes em quase todos os municípios brasileiros e, segundo o censo do IBGE, já contabilizam mais de 12 milhões de adeptos. Embora a temporalidade da pesquisa esteja circunscrita ao período de 1980 a 2010, foi realizada uma análise histórica, que remonta ao século XIX, em busca de suas influências originárias. Um dos eixos que norteou a pesquisa foi a concepção de que as instituições religiosas representantes do cristianismo sempre refletiram a sociedade de sua época. Com base nessa premissa, foi possível perceber que as ADs se ajustaram às características da sociedade brasileira em cada fase de sua história: foram ascéticas e sectárias quando a sociedade era rural e muito pobre; propagaram um autoritarismo patriarcal exacerbado quando as mulheres não podiam votar e não tinham seus direitos garantidos em lei; não se envolviam com a política partidária e não se manifestavam publicamente repudiando as injustiças sociais; seu discurso e padrão teológico primavam por uma vida de austeridade comportamental e espera resignada do retorno apocalíptico de Jesus Cristo. Diante de uma realidade socioeconômica e cultural em constante transformação, sob forte influência do capitalismo de consumo e, para fazer frente à concorrência no campo religioso, principalmente após a chegada das igrejas neopentecostais, a instituição implementou mudanças significativas, o que acelerou o processo de transformação de ethos. Categorias como consumo, identidade, relativismo, secularização, pluralismo, liberdade religiosa, representações, estratégias e táticas, tempo presente, entre outras, apoiaram a construção do objeto da pesquisa. Os estudos estão focados na Convenção Geral das Assembleias de Deus no Brasil – CGADB e nas ADs da cidade de Imperatriz-MA. / The present work intends to study the Brazilian Pentecostal movement through one of its major institutions, the Igrejas Evangélicas Assembleias de Deus (Assemblies of God Evangelical Churches) - AGs. With an approach anchored in the interdisciplinary dialogues with the Social Sciences, recommended by the New Cultural History, we analyze the changes in the identity of the classical assembly, in the process of accommodation to the society of consumers, a fact that we call the aggiornamento of the assemblian Pentecostalism. Founded by the Swedish Missionaries Daniel Berg and Gunnar Vingren in 1911, the AGs started the Pentecostal movement in partnership with the Christian Congregation of Brazil (CCB). One hundred years after its founding, they are found in most of the Brazilian municipalities and, according to the IBGE (Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics) census, they already have over 12 million followers. Although the temporality of the survey is limited to the period from 1980 to 2010, a historical analysis was carried out, dating back to the 19th century, in search of its original influences. One of the axes that guided the research was the idea that religious institutions representing Christianity always reflected the society of its time. Based on this premise, it was possible to perceive that the AGs conformed to the characteristics of Brazilian society in each phase of its history: they were ascetic and sectarian when the society was rural and very poor; propagated an exacerbated patriarchal authoritarianism when women could not vote and did not have their rights guaranteed by law; they were not involved in political parties and did not manifest themselves publicly repudiating social injustices; his discourse and theological standard prevailed for a life of behavioral austerity and resigned waiting for the apocalyptic return of Jesus Christ. Faced with a socioeconomic and cultural reality in constant transformation, under the influence of consumer capitalism and, in order to face competition in the religious field, especially after the arrival of neo-Pentecostal churches, the institution implemented significant changes, which accelerated the process of transformation of ethos. Categories such as consumption, identity, relativism, secularization, pluralism, religious freedom, representations, strategies and tactics, present time, among others, supported the construction of the research object. The studies are focused on the General Convention of Assemblies of God in Brazil - CGADB and the AGs of the city of Imperatriz, Brazil.

Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2018-09-21T14:00:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Clarice da Silva Conter_.pdf: 1036272 bytes, checksum: 8eb605973c67e5ba8cfb0f51413323f8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-21T14:00:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Clarice da Silva Conter_.pdf: 1036272 bytes, checksum: 8eb605973c67e5ba8cfb0f51413323f8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-04-13 / Nenhuma / Esta pesquisa tem a finalidade de analisar a prática das assembleias de classe, com estudantes do Ensino Fundamental 2, bem como a sua implicação na concepção da educação integral. A pesquisa teve uma abordagem qualitativa e os instrumentos utilizados foram a entrevista semiestruturada com os gestores, o grupo focal com os estudantes, os registros no diário de pesquisa, a análise dos documentos da instituição e as observações, onde foram analisadas as práticas das assembleias de classe com estudantes de 7o anos de uma escola particular da Rede Marista. Na análise foram exploradas as relações da prática das assembleias com alguns conceitos, como democracia, autoritarismo, valores, momentos de mediação de conflitos, bullying e outros. A partir da análise dos resultados, concluiu-se que a prática da assembleia possibilitou, em algumas situações, a autorregulação do grupo, o exercício da empatia de saber ouvir o outro. Também que algumas questões ainda não se conseguem resolver na assembleia e que esse momento não é só para resolver os conflitos, mas, sim, possibilitar momentos de fala, escuta, organização pessoal e de grupo, educação em valores, exercício da cidadania e outras questões pertinentes à formação integral e ética. / This research has the finality to parsing the practice of class assemblies, with students of Elementary School 2, as well as its implication in conception of integral education. The research had a qualitative approach and the instruments used were the half structured interview with the managers, the focal group with the students, the records in the research diary, the analysis in the institute documents and the observations, where the class assemblies practice were analysed with the 7º grade students from a private school of the Marista chain. In the analysis were explored the relations in assemblies practices with some concepts, such as democracy, authoritarianism, moments of conflict intercession, bullying and other. From the analysis attainment, it was concluded that the assemblies practice enables, in some situations, the group self-regulation, the empathy exercise of lore and listen each other. Some questions still can’t be solved in the assemblage and this moment is not only to just settle conflicts, but, it is used as a moment to talk, listen, personal and group organization, values education, citizenship exercise and other issues relevant to integral and ethical formation.