Ce mémoire se propose d’aborder le concept adornien de matériau musical selon deux de ses moments essentiels : l’intégration et la désintégration. Dans un premier temps, il s’agira d’analyser la critique de l’Aufklärung, selon laquelle la rationalité éclairée, par la domination progressive de la nature, se transforme en son contraire, le mythe. Cette analyse servira de base théorique pour la compréhension du concept de matériau. Dans un deuxième temps, il conviendra d’examiner la tendance progressiste—exemplifiée dans la sonate classique de Beethoven—vers l’intégration du matériau musical, comprise comme un moment dans le processus plus large de rationalisation sociale identifié par Max Weber. Dans un troisième temps, il conviendra d’examiner la tendance régressive—exemplifiée dans les œuvres du Beethoven tardif, de Mahler et de Berg—vers la désintégration du matériau musical, une tendance qui reflète les aspects noirs de l’Aufklärung, à savoir la fragmentation sociale et la réification. Enfin, nous évaluerons quelques commentaires critiques soulevant des doutes quant à la validité d’un concept de matériau musical basé sur une philosophie de l’histoire qui, malgré ses distances, ne s’échappe pas de ses origines hégéliennes. / This thesis will examine integration and disintegration in Adorno’s concept of musical material. Chapter one will analyze the dialectic of the Enlightenment, according to which rationality, through the progressive domination of nature, turns into its opposite, myth. This analysis will serve as the theoretical basis for understanding Adorno’s concept of material. Chapter two will examine the progressive tendency—exemplified in Beethoven’s classical sonata—towards the integration of musical material, understood as a moment in the larger process of social rationalization identified by Max Weber. Chapter three will examine the regressive tendency—exemplified in the works of late Beethoven, Mahler and Berg—toward the disintegration of musical material, a tendency correlative with Enlightenment’s dark side, with social fragmentation and reification. The thesis will conclude by discussing a few criticisms which cast doubt on the validity of understanding musical material on the basis of a philosophy of history which, despite its distances, remains bound to its Hegelian origins.

Zugl.: Potsdam, Universiẗat, Magisterarbeit.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-06T17:42:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PGPV15DA021.pdf: 1695387 bytes, checksum: f120a90afe0ecec0916e3809dfde9201 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-07-03 / The objective of this work was to characterize quality atributes (fresh weight loss, titratable acidity (TA), soluble solids contente (SSC), SSC/TA ratio, pH, color of skin and pulp, texture, contente of vitamin C, phenolic compounds and antioxidante activity contente) in fruits of five Brazilian genotypes of feijoa (cultivars Alcantara, Mattos, helena and Nonante, and access 2316), at harvest adn after days of cold storage, followed two days at ambiente conditions. Fruits and leaves were assessed for mineral contente and fruit were assessed for centesimal composition, flowers were assessed for dry matter (DM), petals área, SSC, color, vitamin C contente, anthocyanins, flavonoids, phenolic copmpounds, and antioxidants. Flower were also assessed for postharvest quality preservation (color, wilting and browning of the petals) by treatment with preservative solutions (sacarose, ascorbic acid and salicylic acid) and 1-metilcyclopropene (1-MCP). Tge average loss of weight of fruit during storage was 3.5%. fruit had a reduction of SSC, TA and texture atributes, and na increase of SSC/TA ratio and pH during storage. Fruit of Nonante and Mattos had respectively higher forces for penetration and compression, at harvest and after storage. Fruit loss colorand brightness of the skin and pulp during storage. Fruit of alcantara gad the highest contente of vitamin, and in all genotypes, the vitamin c contente in the skin was higher thanin the pulp, with na increase in its contente druing storage. Vitamin C contente in the fruit. The contentes of total phenolic compounds were diferente between genotuypes, and varied accordin to the type of extract (hydro soluble ou hydroalcoolic). In the pulp, the higher contente of total phenolic compounds was in Nonante and acess in 2316, and in the skin was higher in 1Nonante and Mattos . Genotupe with higher contente of phenolic compounds also showed higher antioxidante activity. In all genotypes, there was a decrease in the contente of phenolic compounds and antioxidante activity during storage. The mineral contente in fruits varied between culrivars. Fruit of Alcantara had the highest contentes of Ca, Fe, Cu and Mn in the skin and pulp, ando f N and P in the skin. The centesimal composition also varied between genotypes and tissues of the fruit. In feijoa flowers, the highest concentration of total phenolic compounds was observed in acess 2316, which also showed the highest antioxidante activity, followed by Alcantara . There as a linear correlation between teh contente of total phenolic compounds and the antioxidante capacity of the flowers Matts had the heghest área of the petals. The SSC in the petals ranges from 14.2 to 10.1 ° Brix, depending on genotypes. The vitamin C contant in the petals was higher in Alcantara and Nonante , and anthocyanin contente and flavonoids were higher in access 2316, Helena and Alcantara . The best maintenance of postharvest quality of the flowers was achieved with the use of 1-MCP at 500 nL L¯¹ and salicyclic acida t 2,5 and, d 10% / Este trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar os atributos de qualidade [perda de massa fresca, acidez titulável (AT), teor de sólidos solúveis (SS), relação SS/AT, pH, coloração da casca e da polpa, textura, conteúdo de vitamina C, compostos fenólicos e atividade antioxidante], em frutos de cinco genótipos brasileiros de goiabeira-serrana (cultivares Alcântara, Mattos, Helena e Nonante, e acesso 2316), na colheita e após 21 dias de armazenamento refrigerado, seguido de dois dias em condições ambiente. Foram avaliados ainda os teores minerais nos frutos e folhas e a composição centesimal nos frutos. Nas flores, foram avaliados os atributos de matéria seca (MS), área das pétalas, SS, cor, conteúdo de vitamina C, antocianinas, flavonoides, compostos fenólicos e antioxidantes, além da manutenção da qualidade pós-colheita em resposta ao tratamento com soluções conservantes (sacarose, ácido ascórbico e ácido salicílico) e 1-metilciclopropeno (1-MCP), realizada pela avaliação da cor, murcha e escurecimento das pétalas. A perda média de massa fresca dos frutos durante o armazenamento foi de 3,5 %. Durante o armazenamento houve redução nos teores de SS, AT e nos atributos de textura, e aumento na relação SS/AT e no pH. Os frutos de Nonante e Mattos apresentaram, respectivamente, maiores forças para penetração e compressão do fruto, na colheita e após o armazenamento. Com o armazenamento houve perda de cor e brilho da casca e polpa. A cultivar Alcântara apresentou os maiores conteúdos de vitamina C no fruto, e em todos os genótipos, o conteúdo de vitamina C na casca foi superior ao da polpa, havendo incremento no seu conteúdo após o armazenamento. Os conteúdos de compostos fenólicos totais foram diferentes entre os genótipos, e variaram em função do tipo de extrato (aquoso ou hidroalcoólico), sendo que na polpa foram maiores em Nonante e no acesso 2316, e na casca foram maiores em Nonante e Mattos . Os frutos dos genótipos com maior conteúdo de compostos fenólicos totais apresentaram maior atividade antioxidante. Em todos os genótipos, com o armazenamento, houve redução no conteúdo de compostos fenólicos e da atividade antioxidante. Os teores minerais nos frutos variaram entre os genótipos, com destaque para Alcântara , que apresentou os maiores teores de Ca, Fe, Cu e Mn na casca e na polpa, e de N e P na casca. A composição centesimal do fruto também variou entre os genótipos e tecido. Quanto às flores de goiabeira-serrana, o maior conteúdo de compostos fenólicos totais foi observado no acesso 2316, que apresentou também maior atividade antioxidante, seguido de Alcântara . Houve correlação linear entre o conteúdo de compostos fenólicos totais e a capacidade antioxidante das flores. Mattos apresentou a maior área das pétalas. Os teores de SS nas pétalas variaram de 14,2 a 10,1 °Brix, dependendo do genótipo. Os conteúdos de vitamina C nas pétalas foram superiores em Alcântara e Nonante , e os conteúdos de antocianinas e flavonoides foram superiores no acesso 2316 e em Helena e Alcântara . Na manutenção da qualidade pós-colheita das flores, foi observada maior eficiências com a utilização de 500 nL L-1 de 1-MCP e 2, 5 e 10% de ácido salicílico

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-08T16:44:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PGPV14MA149.pdf: 861357 bytes, checksum: 4a723ef49139bba5372755a09b7157a8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-07-31 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The aims of this study were: quantifying the activity of enzymes related to the browning of pulp [polyphenol oxidase (PPO), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) e peroxidase (POD)] in Brazilian genotypes of Feijoa; quantifying the bioactive compounds in different parts of the Feijoa (leaves, flowers and fruits) after drying; and evaluate the efficacy of edible coating (carnauba wax) on maintenance of postharvest quality of Feijoa.In the first experiment, it were quantified the activities of enzymes PPO, POD and PAL, and it were evaluated the browning of the pulp, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (AT), pH and the relation SS/AT of fruits of genotypes Alcântara, Helena, Mattos, Nonante and access 2316, on the harvest and after storage at 4±1 °C (90±5% RH) during seven and fourteen days, followed of 48 hours at 23±1 °C (75±5% RH). In the second experiment, on dehydrated tissues, it were quantified the total antioxidant activity (ABTS and DPPH methods) and total phenolic compounds (Folin-Ciocalteau) of fruits, leaves and flores, and the content of total anthocyanins and of total flavonoids of leaves, on the genotypes Alcântara, Helena, Mattos, Nonante and the access 2316. In third experiment, fruits of Feijoa Alcântara were covered at harvest with Carnaúba wax, diluted in water at the concentrations 0, 25, 50 and 100% of commercial product (v/v) and it were evaluated after fifteen days stored at 4±1 °C (90±5% RH) more 48 hours of shelf life at 23±1 °C (75±5% RH), for water vapour permeance ( ), fresh weight loss, pH, SS, AT, relation SS/AT and browning of the pulp. In the first experiment, increased 29% of PPO activity from harvest to seventh day,and 37% from the seventh to fourteenth day of cold storage of fruits. The POD activity was very small on fruits of all genotypes. The PAL showed small increased in the activity until fourteen days of cold storage of fruits. The cold storage preserved the quality of fruits after harvest (SS, AT, pH, and relation SS/AT), and Nonante showed the best physical-chemical quality between the genotypes evaluated. In the second experiment, on dehydrated tissues, total phenolic, it was in descending order: leaves > fruits with skin and pulp > skin of fruits > flowers. The antioxidant activity was in descending order: fruits with skin and pulp > skin of fruits > flowers > leaves. The EC50, was in descending order: flowers > leaves > fruits with skin and pulp > skin of fruits. In third experiment, the covered fruits with carnauba wax at the concentrations 25, 50 and 100% showed reduction in of 32, 40 and 49% respectively, and the weight loss during storage of 2,04;1,77 and 1,40% respectively, compared to the uncovered fruits. The covering of fruits with carnauba wax added to the cold storage preserved the physical-chemical quality (SS, AT, pH, and relation SS/AT) of Feijoa fruits during fifteen days and more 48 hours of shelf life. The results showed that increasing activity of PPO and PAL enzymes can be related to the senescence of the fruits. The PPO enzyme activity seems to have strong links to high rate of browning of pulp of Feijoa. The dried material from various parts of the Feijoa are a source of total antioxidants and phenolic compounds, making it viable how functional products. Carnauba wax was effective in reducing and the suppression of losses of weight in "Alcântara" Feijoas / O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a possível relação entre a atividade das enzimas [polifenoloxidase (PPO), fenilalanina amonialiase (PAL) e peroxidase (POD)] e o escurecimento de polpa e a comparação dos genótipos quanto à capacidade de manter as características qualitativas após o armazenamento; a eficácia do uso de revestimento comestível (cera de carnaúba) na preservação da qualidade pós-colheita de goiaba serrana; e quantificar compostos bioativos em folhas, flores e frutos após secagem. No primeiro experimento, foram quantificadas as atividades da PPO, POD e PAL, e avaliados o escurecimento de polpa, sólidos solúveis (SS), acidez titulável (AT), pH e a relação SS/AT em frutos dos genótipos Alcântara, Helena, Mattos, Nonante e 2316, na colheita e após armazenados a 4±1ºC (90±5%UR), durante sete e 14 dias, seguido por mais 48 h a 23±1ºC (75±5%UR). No segundo experimento, frutos de goiabeira serrana Alcântara foram revestidos na colheita com cera de carnaúba, diluída em água nas concentrações de 0, 25, 50 e 100% de produto comercial (v/v), e avaliados, após armazenamento durante 15 dias a 4±1oC (90±5%UR), seguido por mais 48 horas a 23±1ºC (75±5%UR), quanto a permeância ao vapor de água ( ), perda de massa fresca, pH, SS, AT, relação SS/AT e escurecimento de polpa.No terceiro experimento, em tecidos desidratados, foram quantificados a atividade antioxidante total (métodos ABTS e DPPH) e compostos fenólicos totais (Folin-Ciocalteau) nos diversos tecidos, acrescido das análises de antocianinas totais e de flavonóides totais nas flores, de genótipos brasileiros. No primeiro experimento, houve aumento de 29% na atividade da PPO da colheita aos sete dias, e de 37% dos sete dias aos 14 dias de armazenamento refrigerado dos frutos. A atividade da POD foi muito pequena nos frutos de todos os genótipos. A PAL apresentou pequeno incremento na sua atividade até os 14 dias de armazenamento refrigerado dos frutos. No segundo experimento, os frutos revestidos com cera de carnaúba nas concentrações de 25, 50 e 100%, apresentaram redução na de 32, 40 e 49%, respectivamente, e a perda de massa durante o armazenamento em 2,04; 1,77 e 1,40%, respectivamente, quando comparado aos frutos não revestidos.No terceiro experimento, nos tecidos desidratados, os conteúdos de fenólicos totais, em ordem descrente, foram folhas > frutos com casca e polpa >casca dos frutos >flores. A atividade antioxidante, em ordem descrente, foi frutos com casca e polpa >casca dos frutos > flores >folha. O EC50, em ordem descrente, foi flores >folhas >fruto com casca e polpa >casca dos frutos. Os resultados obtidos mostram que o aumento na atividade das enzimas PPO e PAL tem forte ligação ao alto índice de escurecimento de polpa em goiaba serrana. A cera de carnaúba foi eficaz na redução da e na supressão de perda de massa fresca em goiabas serranas Alcântara . Os materiais secos de diversas partes da goiabeira serrana são fonte de compostos antioxidantes totais e fenólicos totais, tornando-se viáveis como subprodutos funcionais

I denna studie genomförs en normkritisk textanalys av ett urval av Joakim Bergs texter i syfte att beskriva hur normer om etnicitet och trostillhörighet uttrycks. Vidare har studien en didaktisk funktion och syftar till att belysa hur musiklyrik kan fungera i svenskämnets critical literacy-utvecklande undervisning. Delvis för att undersöka hur texterna kan utveckla elevernas ämneskunskaper i svenska, delvis för att studera hur texterna kan utveckla förmågor relaterade till läroplanens demokratiuppdrag. Materialet för studien består av låttexterna ”Sverige” (Berg 2002), ”Våga vara rädd” (Berg 2007) och”Tennsoldater” (Berg 2016) vilka normkritiskt analyserats med fokus på bildspråks och symbolers relation till normer knutna till etnicitet och trostillhörighet. Resultatet visar att samtliga texter belyser de studerade normerna, bland annat genom bildspråk och symboler som beskriver invandring, invandringspolitik, orättvisor samt bemötande av personer utanför normen. Textanalysens resultat, i relation till gymnasieskolans styrdokument, visar att det finns stor potential för att Bergs musiklyrik kan utveckla gymnasieelevers critical literacy.

Die deutsch-schweizerische Autorin und Dramatikerin Sibylle Berg ist seit ihrem Romandebüt 1997 mit „Ein paar Leute suchen das Glück und lachen sich tot“ im deutschsprachigen Kulturraum sehr besprochen worden. Präsente Themen in ihrer Schriftstellerei sind nicht zuletzt die Bedingungen des Zusammenlebens und die bedrohenden Gefühle von Einsamkeit in der gegenwärtigen Gesellschaft. Durch Studien von vor allem Sibylle Bergs erstem Roman und dem 2019 erschienenen „GRM – Brainfuck“ wird in dieser Arbeit untersucht, wie die Autorin sich mit den oben erwähnten Themen beschäftigt. Problematisiert werden in den beiden Romanen sowohl die direkte soziale Interaktion zwischen einzelnen Individuen als auch die Beziehungen aus einer weiteren Perspektive: bespielsweise zwischen ganzen sozialen Schichten, Gruppen verschiedener ethnischer Zugehörigkeiten und Generationen. Die Schilderungen tragen thematisch und sprachlich offenbare Merkmale der gegenwärtigen Popliteratur und der ausgesprochenen feministischen Haltung der Autorin. Spürbar sind aber zugleich intertextuelle Hinweise auf frühere literarische Epochen. / Since the publishing of her first novel, „Ein paar Leute suchen das Glück und lachen sich tot“ (“A Few People Search For Happiness And Laugh Themselves To Death") in 1997, the German-swiss author Sibylle Berg has attracted great attention in the literary life of the German-speaking world. Amongst the themes in her works are not the least those concerning the conditions of coexistence and of the threatening solitude in the contemporary society. Through the study of especially Sibylle Bergs first novel and “GRM – Brainfuck”, the later published in 2019, this work aims to investigate how the author is dealing with these themes. In both novels Berg problematizes the direct social interaction between individuals as well as relationships in a broader sense: for example, between different social strata and people of different ethnicity or generations. The depictions bear the obvious thematic and linguistic marks of contemporary so called popliterature and the outspoken feminist attitude of the Author. Noticeable are, however, also intertextual references to earlier literary periods.

Thesis (MscEng)--University of Stellenbosch, 2005. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The environmental impacts of manmade changes to rivers are, in modern days, extremely important. The impact needs to be quantified in order to predict future happenings and to assist in determining preventative measures. Dam construction forms an essential part of modern life to provide the necessary water demand for the ever increasing population. One manmade change that has a major impact on rivers is large dam developments in the upper reaches of rivers. These developments normally have the following effects on the lower reaches of the river due to the change in flow regime: • Narrower main channel, • Deeper main channel, • Reduced sediment transport, • Changes in sediment erosion and deposition patterns, • Less frequent flood plain inundation, • Overgrown flood plains, • Changes in ecological and biological parameters. All the above mentioned factors play an important part in the stability of the ecological and biological parameters. Prior to construction of a dam, however, the baseline ecological, physical Ichemical, hydrological, hydraulic and social conditions of the river system, including its associated groundwater, estuarine and floodplain components, would need to be established, to allow clear identification of future changes as a result of implementation of the instream flow requirements (lFR), as well as to guide the post-construction monitoring programme itself. The discharge and sediment transport changes that might occur as a result of the Berg River Dam development was thoroughly investigated in this reseach. The physical processes and mathematical modelling that formed part of this investigation are discussed in this thesis. The mathematical modelling was carried out using MIKE 11, software developed by the Danish Hydraulic Institute for Water and Environment. This program was developed especially for one dimensional modelling of hydrodynamics and sediment transport within a river system. The results obtained from the simulations were used to calculate a hydrodynamic and sediment mass balance for both the pre and post dam scenarios in the Berg River, Western Cape. The influence of artificial flood releases from the Berg River Dam which is currently under construction was also investigated. Most of the data needed for the calibration and verification of the mathematical model was obtained from field work. Suspended and bed load sediment samples were taken in order to aid in the calibration of the sediment transport model. The bed roughness coefficients of the various sections of the river were calibrated against actual recorded water levels measured during flood events that occurred in 2003 and 2004. An intensive study of the incipient motion of cobbles and boulders in the upper reaches of the Berg River was carried out. Unfortunately it has to be stated that the transport of cobbles and boulders cannot be simulated by most computer programs as almost all the transport models available are only defined up to a maximum diameter of 20mm. The lack of consistent sediment load data as well as the low rainfall during 2003 and 2004 presented problems during the calibration of the sediment transport model; it is therefore recommended that sediment load sampling is continued for at least two years in order to verify the calculated sediment yield for the various catchments. From this study it can be concluded that the Berg River Dam will have a significant effect on the downstream river morphology of the first 70 kilometres of the river. Thereafter the effect will decrease to a minimum. The proposed artifical flood releases are effective in reinstating the river to its present state. This study also showed that a fully hydrodynamic model of a large river system such as the Berg River can be calibrated and validated. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die omgewingsimpak van mensgemaakte veranderinge in natuurlike riviere raak meer en meer belangrik. Hierdie impak moet gekwantifiseer word om sodoende toekomstige gebeurtenisse te verstaan en om die nodige voorkomingsmaatreëls in werking te stel. Om aan die waterbehoefte te voldoen vorm damkonstruksie 'n belangrike deel van die hedendaagse samelewing. Damme is moontlik een van die veranderinge aan die ewewig van riviere wat die grootste impak op die stroomaf dele van die rivier het. Die volgende veranderinge ten opsigte van die hoofkanaal word meestalopgemerk na die konstrukie van 'n dam in die hoërliggende dele van riviere: • Nouer hoofkanaal, • Dieper hoofkanaal, • Afname in die volume sediment wat vervoer word, • Veranderinge ten opsigte van die erosiepatrone, • Vloedvlaktes word minder oorstroom, • Toegegroeide vloedvlaktes, • Veranderings aan die ekologiese en biologiese parameters. Die bogenoemde faktore speel 'n belangrike rol ten opsigte van die stabiliteit van die ekologiese en biologiese veranderlikes. Alvorens die konstruksie begin moet die natuurlike ewewigstoestand van die rivier ten opsigte van die ekologiese, fisiese, chemiese, hidrologiese, hidrouliese, en sosiale faktore gemeet word. Dit moet gedoen word om sodoende toekomstige veranderinge wat moontlik mag plaasvind as gevolg van die damkonstruksie en die omgewingsloslatings te kwantifiseer. Hierdie metings word ook gebruik om die na - konstruksie monitering te evalueer. Die veranderinge ten opsigte van vloei en sedimentvervoer wat moontlik mag plaasvind as gevolg van die Berg Rivier Dam konstruksie is noukeuring ondersoek. Die fisiese prosesse as ook die wiskundige modelle wat gedurende hierdie studie aangewend is word in hierdie tesis bespreek. Al die wiskundige modellering is met MIKE 11 wat deur die Deense Instituut vir Water en Omgewing ontwikkel is, uitgevoer. Hierdie sagteware is spesifiek vir die een dimensionele simulasie van hidrodinamika en sediment vervoer van riviere ontwikkel. Die resultate wat verkry is, is gebruik om 'n hidrodinamiese en sedimentvervoer massabalans vir beide die voor - en na - dam toestande op te stel. Die effek van beheerde, kunsmatige vloede is ook ondersoek. Die meeste van die data wat benodig word om die wiskundige model the kalibreer is verkry deur fisiese veldwerk te doen. Sediment monsters is geneem gedurende die winter seisoen van 2003 en 2004. Hierdie data is gebruik om die sediment vervoer model te kalibreer. Die bodemruheid van die verskillende dele van die rivier is gekalibreer teen gemete vloedhoogtes tydens 2003 en 2004. 'n Deeglik studie van die begin van beweging van die groter partikels wat in die bolope van die Berg rivier aangetref word is uitgevoer. Ongelukkig moet dit genoem word dat hierdie een van die groot tekortkominge is van die model aangesien dit nie in die sedimentvervoer model ingekorporeer kan word nie omdat die meeste van die sedimentteorieë wat tans beskikbaar is net gedefinieer is tot 'n partikel groote van 20 mm. Die tekort aan deurlopende sediment lading data as ook die lae reënval gedurende 2003 en 2004 het probleme veroorsaak tydens die kalibrasie van die sedimentvervoer model. As gevolg hiervan word daar aanbeveel dat die insameling van sedimentdata vir ten minste nog twee jaar volgehou word ten einde die beskikbaarheid van sediment in die verskeie opvanggebiede deeglik na te gaan. Uit hierdie studie kan afgelei word dat die Berg rivier dam 'n beduidende effek op die morfologie van die eeste 70 kilometer van die Berg Rivier sal hê. Verder stoomaf sal die effek minder sigbaar wees. The beheerde kunsmatige vloedloslatings speel 'n beduidende rol in die normalisering van die sedimentvervoer van die Berg rivier. Hierdie studie toon dat 'n volledige hidrodinamiese model van 'n groot rivierstelsel gekalibreer kan word.

Aims: The principal aims of this research were 1) to extend existing knowledge of the everyday sit-to-walk (STW) transfer in subjects with stroke and in matched controls by exploring temporal, kinematic, and kinetic aspects, and 2) to investigate the relations between some clinical and laboratory measures of postural control and locomotion in stroke rehabilitation and research. Methods: Ten community-living subjects with stroke (mean age 59 years) and ten matched controls were enrolled in the STW studies (Studies I, II, and IV). In the study regarding relations between clinical and laboratory measures the same samples (part of Study II) and also 20 outpatient subjects with stroke (mean age 50 years) participated (Study III). Data collections were performed in laboratory environments with clinical assessment instruments, video cameras, force plates and a movement analysis system. Results: 1) Study I: A temporal aspect of STW was studied. Four phases were defined. The subjects with stroke used significantly more time during the 2nd STW phase, defined from seat-off to the loading peak of the 1st swing leg. Study II: A movement aspect of STW was investigated. The stroke subjects generated significantly less centre of mass momenta in horizontal and vertical directions, and the momenta peaks occurred significantly earlier than in the controls. Study IV: A force aspect of STW was explored. The subjects with stroke generated significantly larger propulsive impulse beneath the (non-paretic) stance buttock and significantly more braking impulses were exerted by both buttocks and particularly by the stance foot. 2) Part of Study II: A strong correlation was found between the clinical measure Fluidity Scale and the laboratory measure Fluidity Index. Study III: Moderate correlations were shown between Berg Balance Scale, ratings of weight distribution during quiet stance, and force measures. Conclusions: The findings of the STW studies show a changed force interaction between the lower extremities post-stroke, likely influencing movement patterns and temporal characteristics of the everyday transfer. The results are considered to reflect compensatory motor strategies. The results of the studies on relations between some clinical and laboratory measures indicate that the strength of the relation is multidimensional.

No description available.

Dissertation--Graz--Karl-Franzens-Universität, 2003. / Bibliogr. p. 245-255. Thèse soutenue sous le titre : "Die andere Lulu. Alban Berg Oper nach Frank Wedekinds Dramen Erdgeist und Die Büchse der Pandora"