Depression is one of the most widespread and disabling mental health disorders affecting adults worldwide, and Black women bear a disproportionate burden of this disorder. With its varied symptom presentation, depression can be difficult to diagnose. In addition, Black women may be less likely to report symptoms due to cultural stigma. The purpose of this dissertation is to examine the associations between social determinants of health and depressive symptoms using DNA methylation data and machine learning to predict depressive symptoms in Black women. Chapter 2 contains two comprehensive literature reviews: a scoping review of machine learning methods used to analyze omics data to classify depressed cases and healthy controls and a concept analysis of depression in Black mothers. Chapter 3 examines associations between social determinants of health, depressive symptoms, and DNA methylation. Chapter 3A focuses on socioeconomic deprivation; Chapter 3B focuses on perceived income inadequacy; and Chapter 3C identifies differential methylation associated with depressive symptoms. Chapter 4 utilizes supervised machine learning algorithms to predict depressive symptoms and perform feature selection. These chapters show the harmful effects that perceived discrimination can have on the mental health of Black women. Additionally, the results indicate that DNA methylation is associated with depressive symptoms, an area which requires further research.

This dissertation examines the (chaotic) experiences and perspectives of Afro-diasporic peoples (particularly those living in the United States) through an Afrofuturist lens. In so doing, I neologize and situate the concept of “Chaotic Blackness”. To that end, I interrogate the ways in which the legacy of colonization, enslavement, and racial capitalism have collectively contributed to the experience of a racialized chaos for Afro-diasporic peoples and communities. Consisting of a network of patterns, signals, and gestures that are meant to signify, represent, or articulate the experience racial chaos, I offer Chaotic Blackness as a framework for understanding and examining the influence of racialized chaos on Black identity and personhood within the context of Afrofuturist music. In this way, my research calls attention to the ways in which Afrofuturist practitioners articulate and negotiate experiences of a racialized chaos within their music in the endeavor to both communicate or express Black subjectivities or perspectives and to establish critical sites of meaning-making for the community. Further, this dissertation examines the epistemological linkages between Afrofuturist and Black posthumanist strands of thought. I suggest that both frameworks offer new ways of conceptualizing or understanding the Black identity and the (Black) human within the contexts of technomodernity, racial capitalism, and contemporary issues such as climate change. Overall, this dissertation offers an analysis of the ways in which Black individuals navigate and express their experiences of chaos, suggesting that Afrofuturism and Black posthumanism are both key frames though which to understand and (re)define Black identity in the contemporary world.

Studying resident repurposing permits an understanding of urban planning that foregrounds the power of residents to shape the production of space. This dissertation is an extended case study of resident-initiated planning alternatives in the former ‘Bantustan’ capital city of Mmabatho (present-day Mahikeng), today a South African secondary city. Apartheid officials planned Mahikeng through racial-modernist principles of ‘separate development’ as a receiving site of forced relocation and racialized dispossession of Black South Africans. Historical and archival research, semi-structured interviews, and personal communications with planners, public officials, activists, and residents uncover the historical roots of repurposing in apartheid-era contestation to planning marked by elite profit and graft. Through in situ analyses of 80+ built sites, 60+ of which have been repurposed, I propose specific types of repurposing in Mahikeng: official and unofficial land-use changes; symbolic and aesthetic innovations; ephemeral or pop-up activations; and institutional reformulations of former ‘Bantustan’ buildings. Case studies of select built sites—and case studies of select local neighborhoods and their experiences of political-geographic change—enable me to propose that repurposing has proceeded in a dynamic cycle that includes contestation, destruction, and (re)invention. Various “key ingredients” enable repurposings to be successful, including actors, tactics, and institutional arrangements. To explain why residents repurpose, I consider actors’ motivations and find that repurposing is driven by wide-ranging and varied autonomous interests, including economic survival, human dignity, and meaning-making. The consequences of repurposing are profound: it helps meet residents’ basic needs and gestures toward an alternative planning imaginary in the city, one marked by an incremental vernacular approach to planning. This study raises critical questions broadly relevant to planning and urban policy, including: how do afterlives of racial domination affect the production of space, viewed through residents’ repurposing? How do repurposing and vernacular planning unfold in different local geographic and sociopolitical contexts? How should urban policy account for residents’ self-initiated city-making? And what roles should self-initiated city-makers (repurposers) play in shaping planning and urban policy? While the conceptual label of repurposing may echo globally, distinctive to Mahikeng is how contemporary repurposing is historically and institutionally grounded in solidarity: contestation to apartheid planning.

𝐶𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝐹𝑢𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑒 offers an ethnographic analysis of the project to revive 𝐴𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑖𝑐𝑎 𝑡𝑦𝑝𝑖𝑐𝑎 coffee production in Martinique, originally introduced during the colonial period. The heritage initiative aims to use Martinique’s coffee history as a narrative touchstone, connecting the island’s natural and cultural heritage with sustainable economic development. By examining how the project seeks to shape a transformed future from an unresolved colonial past, this dissertation argues that the romanticization of agricultural heritage can obscure contemporary challenges, such as climate change, and hinder imaginative and practical future planning. The dissertation explores various orientations toward the future that are cultivated within the coffee revival project, including expectation and promise, possibility and hope, anticipation and speculation. Interludes woven through the text highlight the interconnectedness of the environment and the experience of becoming and being Black. These interludes lead to the concluding epilogue that introduces the conceptual methodology of attending to Black Atlantic Elements—it foregrounds fluidity and relationality among various cultural, ecological, and social elements, a counterpoint to the essentializing tendencies of Western ontological paradigms. The research utilizes a multi-methodological approach, including ethnographic fieldwork, archival research, and qualitative interviews, complemented by critical textual analysis. Over ten months of fieldwork in Martinique, interactions with coffee farmers, Island Parks Service officials, local residents, and other collaborators provided firsthand insights into the coffee revival project. Archival research conducted in both France and Martinique supplied historical context on the introduction and decline of coffee production on the island. The study also draws on contemporary scientific, journalistic, and policy texts to understand how these narratives are currently used to shape both local and global perceptions of Martinican coffee. Overall, this dissertation takes heritage seriously to understand the people and places that mobilize it, focusing on the histories they choose to bequeath and their visions of the future. The findings highlight the complex temporality involved in bringing material pasts into the present to shape future visions. This vexation of time troubles not only this ethnography and its interlocutors but also the Caribbean as a whole, where theories of Caribbean temporality often explore how futures are shaped and constrained by the past and its afterlives. Through critical attention to the parallel temporalities and future orientations within Martinique’s coffee revival project, this work reveals how interpretations of the past and present are shaped by the ends pursued.

O objetivo desta dissertação é estudar o direito fundamental à saúde da mulher negra no município de São Paulo. O direito à saúde é um direito humano fundamental, mas no exercício desse direito as mulheres negras sofrem dois tipos de discriminação: a racial e a de gênero. O primeiro capítulo é uma reflexão sobre os direitos humanos e os direitos fundamentais, histórico, natureza e características. A pesquisa está relacionada ao estudo dos Direitos Humanos, tendo como ponto de partida a sua construção histórica. A Constituição Brasileira de 1988 representou a positivação de direitos fundamentais e a proteção do valor fonte dignidade humana. O legislador constituinte positivou expressamente a igualdade racial, os direitos fundamentais das mulheres e o direito fundamental à saúde. Já o segundo capítulo ressalta a importância da constitucionalização do direito à saúde, a doutrina do direito sanitário e o estudo das políticas públicas. Relativamente à perspectiva dos Direitos Humanos, apontamos a imbricação entre o feminismo dos anos 1970-1980 e o movimento negro organizado na luta pela igualdade de gênero e igualdade racial. O capítulo terceiro versa sobre a política pública de direito à saúde da mulher negra nos planos nacional, estadual e municipal. E por fim, apresentamos a nossa proposta de Educação em Direitos Humanos. / The objective of this dissertation is to study the fundamental right to health of black woman in São Paulo. The right to health is a fundamental human right but, in exercising that right, black women suffer two types of discrimination: of race and gender. The first chapter is a reflection on the human and fundamental rights, history, nature and characteristics. The research is related to the study of human rights, using their historical construction as the starting point. The Brazilian Constitution of 1988 represented the protective legalization of fundamental rights and its cornerstone, which is the human dignity. The statute expressly constituted racial equality, fundamental rights of women and the fundamental right to health. The second chapter highlights the importance of making constitutional the right to health, the sanitary law doctrine and the study of public policy. For the perspective of Human Rights, we point out the overlap between the years 1970-1980 feminism and organized black movement in the struggle for gender and racial equality. The third and the fourth chapters deals with the public policy of the right to health of black woman at the under national, state and municipal views. Finally, we present our proposal for education in Human Rights.

[pt] O objetivo desta tese é o estudo da obra do desenhista Seth (1891-1949), um dos mais importantes caricaturistas brasileiros da primeira metade do século XX, percebendo sobretudo a singularidade de sua contribuição, no tocante a criação de personagens negros, e procurando um amplo levantamento documental, biográfico e artístico de sua carreira, buscando analisar sua trajetória no meio artístico do Rio de Janeiro entre as décadas de 1910 e 1940, seu percurso intelectual. A presente pesquisa trabalha com um número expressivo de desenhos produzidos durante esse longo período, no qual se destacam obras da caricatura de costumes como Quando a morena passa, O democrático bonde, Dois desejos, da série Flagrantes Cariocas, entre outras. O trabalho objetiva ainda o estudo das inovações que Seth trouxe para a publicidade com os cartazes da série Casa Mathias. E procura entender como Seth encontrou na participação na política de propaganda cívica do regime Vargas um caminho para a expressão de suas crenças nacionalistas, observando sua relação com os valores do Estado Novo. / [en] This proposition try to bring lights about Seth (1891- 1949) - one of the most importants brazilians caricaturists in the first half of the XX century, talking about the singularity of his contribution, at the concern of his black people characters creations and the searching to enlarge the documental, biographic and artistic aspects of his career, analyzing his trajectory in the middle of the artistic environment in Rio de Janeiro, between 1910 and 1940 decades, his intellectual journey. The present research works with au expressive numbers of drawings, produced along this period, showing works of the customs drawings likes the ones The Brunette´s Walks; The Democratic Streetcar; Two Desires, all frow the Cariocas Flagrants series, between others. This researchs will focus either the study of publicity innovations introduced by Seth for Casa Mathias Magazines calendars and posters. The proposition seeks to understand how the artist founded at the civic propaganda in the Vargas govern times, a way to express his nacionalistics believes, in the craddle of the Estado Novo values.

Esse trabalho de pesquisa teve por objetivo estudar o fenômeno da discriminação racial presente no ambiente escolar, para que assim, pudéssemos compreender como as práticas educativas reforçam ou não, esse processo. Optou-se por uma abordagem qualitativa na modalidade história de vida, como instrumento de coleta de dados. Foram entrevistados dez jovens negros que freqüentaram em suas séries iniciais do ensino fundamental uma mesma escola pública situada em um conjunto habitacional popular de Ribeirão Preto. Nessas entrevistas eles relataram as vivências de discriminação racial ocorridas durante sua trajetória escolar. Os resultados obtidos apontaram a maneira como a discriminação racial, enquanto um fenômeno social se manifesta no interior da escolar. Procuramos identificar, a partir da representação dos próprios jovens participantes, como as práticas racistas presentes no cotidiano escolar impactaram as relações interpessoais entre estes e os demais estudantes. A ausência de ações pedagógicas planejadas pela escola como forma de mediar os conflitos raciais também foi alvo de problematização de nossa pesquisa. / This research job has as objective the racial segregation phenomenon present in school ambient in order to understand if the educational practices reinforce this process. It was chosen a qualitative boarding considering their lives history as data collection. It was interviewed ten young black people who attended the same public school on their first classes of the fundamental teaching, placed in a popular condominium in Ribeirão Preto. On these interviews they mentioned their racial segregation experiences occurred during their school path. The achieved results indicate the manner how the racial segregation, as a social phenomenon is manifested in the interior of the school. We tried to identify, from the representation of the own participant young people, how the racist practices present on the school quotidian caused impact on the interpersonal relationship between them and the other students. The absence of pedagogical actions planed by the school as a manner of mediate the racial conflicts was also the target of our research.

Ao final do século XIX, a riqueza resultante do crescimento da cafeicultura e a entrada de milhares de imigrantes europeus, provocou um crescimento inédito da cidade de São Paulo. Em paralelo, a escravidão ia se extinguindo e reforçando o contingente de negros livres, que se somavam a massa de pobres de outras etnias, motivo de preocupação da classe dominante. Disputando os espaços da cidade e os postos de trabalho, estes grupos sociais protagonizaram conflitos internos, entre outros grupos sociais e com o Estado, opressivo e discriminador. A crescente população de negros livres, no entanto, inseria-se no mercado de trabalho a medida que a escravidão ia acabando. Aquela inserção foi abortada com a consolidação do trabalho assalariado e o surgimento de teorias racistas, que empurra-os para fora do mercado formal, obrigando-os a sobreviverem nas franjas da sociedade, exercendo trabalhos informais, pouco valorizados econômica e socialmente ou a marginalizar-se. / By the end of the XIX century, the wealth produced by the expansion of coffee plantations and the arrival of thousands of European immigrants, brought about an unprecedented growth to the city of São Paulo. Simultaneously, as slavery became extinct and the ever-growing contingent of free blacks added to the masses of other poor ethnic groups, the dominant class\'s concern rose. Striving for space in the cities and for a place in the labor market, these social groups staged conflicts internally, against other social groups and against an oppressive and discriminatory State. The rising population of free blacks, however, joined the labor market as slavery declined. Such process is aborted with the consolidation of labor and the emergence of racist theories that push them out of the formal market, forcing them to survive on the fringes of society, either by performing informal jobs of little economic and social value or resorting to crime to make a living.

Submitted by Angela Maria de Oliveira (amolivei@uepg.br) on 2018-02-02T10:24:16Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Rosiane Machado da Silva.pdf: 1598659 bytes, checksum: 3b819adc2c118c33c085c3c1e10d1c2e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-02T10:24:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Rosiane Machado da Silva.pdf: 1598659 bytes, checksum: 3b819adc2c118c33c085c3c1e10d1c2e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-11-28 / Esta tese apresenta um estudo sobre a educação dos negros retratada nos jornais paranaenses no período de 1853 a 1889, as influências dos preceitos do liberalismo econômico de John Locke nos posicionamentos políticos, econômicos e educacionais no Brasil e de modo singular no Paraná. A escolha por este período de análise se justifica pelos importantes acontecimentos políticos ocorridos, como a emancipação Política do Paraná em 1853 e a busca por indícios sobre o negro e a educação que circulavam nos jornais nesta época. Outro aspecto a ser destacado foi as importantes leis abolicionistas que ocorreram, como: a Lei do Ventre Livre em 1871, Lei dos Sexagenários em 1885 e, em 1888, a Lei Áurea; ainda, os primeiros passos da educação no Brasil republicano em 1889. As discussões realizadas no Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisas História, Sociedade e Educação dos Campos Gerais no Paraná HISTEDBR- Campos Gerais, também colaboraram pela escolha deste estudo. A metodologia adotada foi o materialismo histórico que tem como referência os preceitos da teoria marxista. Nesse sentido, elencamos como categoria para análise do objeto de estudo: contradição, ideologia, luta de classe e totalidade; por entendermos que a compreensão dos fatos não se dá de modo isolado ou dissociado das condições reais e materiais que o cercam. Para a seleção das fontes primárias, partimos da catalogação realizada pela historiadora Marcia Elisa de Campos Graf, dos jornais existentes nas cidades mais antigas do Paraná no período analisado (1853-1889), como: Paranaguá, Lapa, Castro, Curitiba, Campo Largo, Antonina e Morretes. A localização dos exemplares dos periódicos em condições de pesquisas foram encontrados em diferentes arquivos, como na Sessão de Obras Raras da Biblioteca Nacional, na Biblioteca Nacional Digital, na Coleção Osvaldo Pilotto, no Instituto Histórico e Geográfico de Paranaguá, e no Instituto Neo- Pitagórico. Para melhor compreensão do assunto, a tese foi estruturada em três capítulos. No primeiro capítulo, analisamos os aspectos políticos e econômicos retratados na imprensa brasileira e paranaense sob a égide do liberalismo. No segundo capítulo, tratamos das condições do homem negro e do trabalho escravo e livre no Brasil e, de modo particular no Paraná, registrado pela imprensa. No terceiro capítulo, abordamos as impressões presentes nos jornais paranaenses, sobre a educação para o negro de cunho preconceituoso, discriminatório e segregacionista, permeados pelos preceitos liberais. Nas considerações finais, tecemos as impressões que foram sendo construídas no estudo, e defendemos a tese que apontou para a (in)visibilidade do negro nos jornais paranaenses com relação ao seu trabalho e a educação. / This thesis presents a study on the education of black people portrayed on the Paraná’s newspapers from 1853 to 1889, the influences of the precepts of economic liberalism of John Locke on political, economic and educational positions in Brazil and in a singular way in Paraná. The choice for this period of analysis is justified by the important political events that took place, such as the Political emancipation of Paraná in 1853 and the search for clues about the black people and the education that circulated on newspapers at this time. Another important point to be highlighted was the important abolitionist laws that took place, such as: the Law of the Free Womb in 1871, the Law of Sexagenarians in 1885 and, in 1888, the Golden Law; yet the first steps of education in republican Brazil in 1889. The discussions held in the History, Society and Education Group of Campos Gerais in Paraná HISTEDBR-Campos Gerais also collaborated in the choice of this study. The adopted methodology was the historical materialism that has as reference the precepts of the Marxist theory. In this sense, we list as category for analysis of the object of study: contradiction, ideology, class struggle and totality; because we understand that the comprehension of the facts does not occur in an isolated or dissociated way of the real and material conditions that surround it. For the selection of primary sources, we start with the cataloging made by historian Marcia Elisa de Campos Graf, from newspapers in the oldest cities of Paraná in the period analyzed (1853-1889), such as: Paranaguá, Lapa, Castro, Curitiba, Campo Largo, Antonina and Morretes. The location of the journals under searching conditions was found in different archives, such as the Rare Works Session of the National Library, the National Digital Library, the Osvaldo Pilotto Collection, the Historical and Geographical Institute of Paranaguá, and the Neo-Pythagorean Institute . For a better understanding of the subject, the thesis was structured in three chapters. In the first chapter, we analyze the political and economic aspects portrayed in the Brazilian and Paraná press under the aegis of liberalism. In the second chapter, we discuss the conditions of the black man and slave and free labor in Brazil and, particularly in Paraná, recorded by the press. In the third chapter, we analyze the impressions present in the newspapers of Paraná, about the education for the black of a prejudiced, discriminatory and segregationist nature, permeated by the liberal precepts. In the final considerations, we weave the impressions that were being constructed in the study, and defend the thesis that pointed to the (in) visibility of the black people on newspapers from Paraná in relation to his work and education.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T20:21:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CSO - Rosangela Rosa Praxedes.pdf: 340811 bytes, checksum: 6dbf58c56624b2d73f2d3c63c57b5a8f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-10-03 / The focus of this dissertation was the formation of a specific social group composed by individuals who recognize themselves as black, and who can be said to belong to a black middle class, living and working in the city of Maringá, Paraná. One of the aims of this study is to contribute to the academic production that analyzes the racial relationships in the Brazilian society. When focusing on the black segment of the Brazilian population residing in a mediumsize city like Maringá, we investigate the attributes that are responsible for the segment formation and for its identity, assuming, with that, that such a segment sees itself as a different social group, from the materialistic as well as the symbolic point of view. This dissertation is divided in two chapters. The first chapter contains a bibliographical review and establishes the theoretical reference on color, race and social segment in order to show the theoretical notions we used in our study. The second chapter shows the results we gathered. We used a directed questionnaire in order to gather the information. We also explain the criteria we used to cho ose the interviewees and the significant situations that took place during the interviews, accompanied by the analysis and interpretation of the gathered information. In the final considerations, we sum up the results obtained, which led us to verify the presence of a formation process of a black middle class in the city of Maringá. Despite the racial prejudice, they were able to accomplish an ascending social climbing process. / Esta dissertação foi elaborada tendo em vista a formação de um agrupamento social específico, composto por indivíduos que se reconhecem como negros e podem ser considerados como pertencentes a uma classe média negra que reside e trabalha na cidade de Maringá, Paraná. Entre os objetivos que orientam a realização deste estudo está o de contribuir para a produção acadêmica que analisa as relações raciais na sociedade brasileira. Ao enfocarmos o segmento negro da população brasileira residente em uma cidade de porte médio como Maringá, investigamos os atributos que incidem sobre a formação da classe e de sua identidade, supondose, com isso, que tal segmento concebe-se como grupo social distinto, tanto do ponto de vista material, como do ponto de vista simbólico. Esta dissertação está dividida em dois capítulos. O primeiro capítulo contém uma revisão bibliográfica e o estabelecimento do referencial teórico sobre cor, raça e classe social para evidenciação das noções teóricas de classe média e de identidade negra empregada neste estudo. No segundo capítulo serão apresentados os resultados alcançados através da aplicação do questionário aplicado para coleta de informações; serão explicitados os critérios adotados para a escolha dos informantes e as situações significativas ocorridas durante o processo de aplicação dos questionários, acompanhadas da análise e interpretação das informações obtidas. Nas considerações finais são sintetizados os resultados alcançados, que levaram à constatação da ocorrência de um processo de formação de uma classe média composta por indivíduos negros na cidade de Maringá, que, a despeito das discriminações raciais vivenciadas, realizaram um processo de mobilidade social ascendente.