In this thesis, I explore the topic of migration and specifically the case of Calais. Approaching it from a non-state perspective, I focus on the practices of civil society organizations that support people on the move and ask if and how these practices challenge state policies and practices. With the conscious decision to focus on this type of actor, coupled with a reflexivist methodology, I seek to disrupt the dominant narrative constructed by France, the United Kingdom and European Union, and avoid reproducing state- and Eurocentric knowledge in academia. In order to gain an in-depth understanding, I conducted ethnographic fieldwork in form of participant observation and semi-structured interviews in Calais between the beginning of April and May 2022. Drawing on additional textual data and engaging with scholarly debates on the concept of solidarity, I adapt the concept of “de-bordering solidarity” to analyse the practices of CSOs embedded within the border zone's local and regional context. I conclude by arguing that they do challenge the state while also highlighting the nuances and contradictions of solidarity practices.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-22T17:26:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Daiane Ugoski.pdf: 2681581 bytes, checksum: 1ceb9d895551302a91bb2db47dfd36a1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-27 / The border region involves peculiarities and complexities which warn concerning the necessity of directing public policies which meet its reality. In this context, this dissertation presents the result of a qualitative research carried out to find out the challenges and limits for the effectuation of the social protection, through the Social Assistance Health System (Sistema Único de Assistência Social) (SUAS) to citizens in the borders in a situation of vulnerability and social risk located in the gaúcha border in twin cities with Uruguay. Following the dialetyical-critical method, the written and online documentary study and the field research were used as methodological procedures. For the application of the research, the towns of Chuí and Jaguarão located in the gaúcha were selected, where managers, experts and presidents of social assistance councils as well as the technical advisors of these towns were interviewed. During the period of the research, from 2011 to 2012, a participating observation was held in state events concerning the border issue as well, in order to obtain information which could contribute in the interpretation of the researched data. The application of the research unveiled some situations of informal assistance to bordering citizens concerning the limits imposed by the issue of citizenship linked to nationality and, hence, deriving from the conditions of the social assistance policy for the access to programs and services, which hinder the effectuation of social protection to those citizens. Therefore, despite the advances in the social field, which is happening the MERCOSUR context, including the Starategic Plan of Social Action (Plano Estratégico de Ação Social) (PEAS), in the SUAS context the social protection to bordering citizens needs more visibility, analysis and investment in specific programs, which foster the cooperation relations between Brazil and Uruguay / A região fronteiriça envolve peculiaridades e complexidades que alertam para a necessidade de direcionamento de políticas públicas que atendam a sua realidade. Neste contexto, esta dissertação apresenta o resultado de uma pesquisa qualitativa realizada para descobrir os desafios e os limites para a efetivação da proteção social, através do Sistema Único de Assistência Social (SUAS) aos cidadãos transfronteiriços em situação de vulnerabilidade e risco social localizados na fronteira gaúcha em cidades gêmeas com o Uruguai. Seguindo o método dialético-crítico foram usados como procedimentos metodológicos o estudo documental em fontes impressas e online, e a pesquisa de campo. Para a aplicação da pesquisa foram selecionadas as cidades de Chuí e Jaguarão localizadas na fronteira gaúcha, onde foram entrevistados gestores, técnicos, presidentes de conselhos de assistência social e a assessoria técnica destes municípios. Durante o período da pesquisa, de 2011 a 2012, foi feita, também, uma observação participante em eventos estaduais sobre a questão da fronteira, à fim de obter informações que pudessem contribuir na interpretação dos dados pesquisados. A aplicação da pesquisa desvelou algumas situações de atendimento informal a cidadãos transfronteiriços frente aos limites impostos pela questão da cidadania atrelada à nacionalidade e, consequentemente, decorrentes das condicionalidades da política de assistência social para o acesso a programas e serviços, as quais impedem a efetivação da proteção social aqueles cidadãos. Portanto, apesar dos avanços no campo social, que estão ocorrendo em âmbito de MERCOSUL, incluindo o Plano Estratégico de Ação Social (PEAS), no âmbito do SUAS a proteção social aos cidadãos transfronteiriços necessita de maior visibilidade, análise e investimento em programas específicos, que efetivem as relações de cooperação entre Brasil e Uruguai

The purpose of this study is to examine Russia's foreign and security policy towards Sweden, as bordering practices, in the state-controlled media's international news reporting on gender equality. To achieve this goal the following two questions were formulated: 1) which narratives about gender equality can be read from English-language news articles about Sweden from the Russian state-controlled news company Sputnik News? and 2) in what ways do these narratives function as bordering practices? Utilizing critical border theory and both narrative analysis and strategic narrative analysis this study's results confirm previous research in several ways. The identified narratives have a predominant majority of negative angles to Sweden's disadvantage and there is use of ridiculing language with the intent to diminish Sweden's international position. I have been able to distinguish four main narratives that all touches upon gender equality in some way. These narratives,1) a polarized Sweden, a country in free fall, 2) extreme gender equality /feminism, 3) gender equality as a mirage, and 4) an elite that pursues an extreme agenda, are created by Sputnik by "harvesting" domestic media and then translating and repackaging the content to portray a negative image of Sweden. These narrative themes function in a normative way by highlighting the unusual and that which stands out, and through performative repetition, these foreign policy motivated narratives acts as bordering practices that constantly produce and reproduce the nations' borders, identity and sovereignty. This study concludes that the strategic narratives on gender equality in the Russian state-controlled media identified in this study function as a weapon in Russia's political war towards Sweden. / <p>2021-06-02</p>

The purpose of this thesis is to understand how Danish and Swedish news media and governments framed “the refugee crisis” in the context of the Swedish implementation of border controls in 2015 and the removal of external border controls in 2017. We operationalize framing theory (Entman 1993) to understand the differences and similarities in the framing of "the refugee crisis” in Denmark and Sweden. While the main focus is media representations, policy documents are included in the study to deepen the analysis and understand the similarities and differences across migration policies. Through a quantitative content analysis of 259 newspaper articles from eight Danish and Swedish newspapers, a framing analysis of ten policy documents and a qualitative framing analysis of the overall frames in the news articles and policy documents, we identified a dialectic relation of power between media and political discourse in both countries. We found that issues defined and represented in policy documents tend to reflect the challenges that news media define and the other way around. Even though Danish and Swedish newspapers and policy documents highlight similar problems, our data indicates clear differences in migration policies, in the two countries, in terms of the framing of asylum seekers, refugees and political events in 2015.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This study focus on the borderline region that is constituted by the cities of Santana do Livramento and Rivera (Brazil-Uruguay), considering the period between the late years of the XIX century and the early years of the XX century. At that time, such communities were in urbanization and industrialization processes and trading relations between both populations were intense, which provided the exchange of subjects and languages. In order to approach subject-language relation in a bordering space, we explored the conception of border and its links to the notions of space and territory based on areas of Geographic Studies such as Geopolitics and Human Geography. Since we consider many ways of space appropriation, that are built in practices experienced by the populations which inhabit such bordering region, we came to a definition of bordering territory , featuring them as new territorialities that transform the borderline place into a socially appropriate and mutually shared space. Once we defined bordering territory , we historically characterize it, having into account the period of municipalization of the referred cities until the early years of the XX century. Afterwards, we review studies on Portuguese-Spanish linguistic contact in the bordering region Uruguay-Brazil by Lingüística Fronteriza researchers, following the path of such studies and pointing to new ways of treating such languages as linguistic study objects, especially to Enunciation Semantics in which this study is inserted. Considering the newspaper a space in which bordering relations materialize, we approached the relationship of subjects and languages, enunciated in such borderline, from advertisement textual fragments published in newspapers from Santana do Livramento. In our analysis, we followed different perspectives on the selected enunciate sequences and we aimed to interpret the senses constituted by the languages and for the borderline linguistic environment when languages are politically distributed by speakers that enunciate them in the bordering territory in such socio-historical conditions. / Esta dissertação centra-se na região de fronteira constituída pelas cidades de Santana do Livramento e Rivera (Brasil-Uruguai), considerando o período compreendido entre os anos finais do século XIX e os iniciais do século XX. Na época, essas comunidades encontravam-se em processo de urbanização e industrialização e as relações comerciais entre suas populações eram intensas, colocando em circulação sujeitos e línguas. Para tratar da relação sujeito-língua em um espaço fronteiriço, questionamos o conceito de fronteira e sua imbricação com as noções de espaço e território fundamentando-se em áreas dos estudos geográficos como a geopolítica e a geografia humana. Ao considerar diversas formas de apropriação do espaço que se constroem nas práticas vivenciadas entre as populações que habitam essa região de fronteira, chegamos à definição de território fronteiriço , caracterizando-as enquanto novas territorialidades que transformam a fronteira em espaço socialmente apropriado e mutuamente compartilhado. Uma vez definido o território fronteiriço , o caracterizamos historicamente, abarcando o período de municipalização das referidas cidades até os primeiros anos do século XX. Posteriormente, retomamos os trabalhos desenvolvidos sobre o contato linguístico Português-Espanhol na região fronteiriça do Uruguai com o Brasil pelos pesquisadores da Lingüística Fronteriza, traçando um percurso dessas pesquisas e apontando novas formas de tratar tais línguas enquanto objeto de estudos linguísticos ao nos inscrevermos teoricamente na Semântica da Enunciação. Ao considerar o jornal como um espaço em que as relações fronteiriças se materializam, abordamos a relação entre sujeitos e línguas enunciadas nesta fronteira a partir do recorte de textualidades publicadas em periódicos santanenses, como anúncios comerciais. Ao analisá-los, seguindo diferentes perspectivas de análise nas sequências enunciativas selecionadas, procuramos interpretar os sentidos que se constituem para as línguas e para a fronteira quando as línguas são distribuídas politicamente pelos falantes que as enunciam no território fronteiriço em tais condições sócio-históricas.

Les courants migratoires outre-atlantiques à la charnière du XIXe et du XXe siècle consolidèrent la représentation de la nation argentine comme « un pays d’immigration ». Mais, derrière l’assimilation réussie de centaines de milliers d’étrangers se cache un complexe rapport entre la nation et la diversité qui compose sa population. Nous avons placé au coeur de notre recherche l’étude de l’ethnicité en Argentine et son rapport avec la nation et les phénomènes migratoires internes et externes. Les élites du XIXe siècle mirent en place des politiques de population qui visaient l’édification d’une société homogène, blanche et d’origine européenne. Celles-ci provoquèrent un « processus d’effacement » de l’ethnicité argentine qui fut achevé durant le XXe siècle avec l’avènement du péronisme. Ce ne fut qu’au cours des gouvernements de Carlos Menem durant les années 1990 que l’ethnicité subit une nouvelle fois de profondes transformations, notamment à cause de la montée de la xénophobie ciblant les immigrants limitrophes. Notre recherche propose une étude de l’évolution du rapport entre le péronisme et l’ethnicité. Pour ce faire, nous avons choisi de suivre l’approche barthienne de l’ethnicité et de placer au centre de notre analyse le concept de frontière ethnique. Notre recherche s’achève avec l’analyse d’entretiens semi-dirigés effectués lors d’un travail de terrain réalisé auprès de la communauté bolivienne à Buenos Aires. Nous tenterons de montrer que les changements de l’ethnicité durant les années 1990 sont à mettre en rapport avec la désarticulation des identités politiques traditionnelles et le rétrécissement de la citoyenneté qui caractérisèrent cette période. / Migratory movements across the Atlantic at the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries consolidated the representation of the Argentine nation as "a country of immigration". But behind the successful assimilation of hundreds of thousands of foreigners, lies a complex relationship between the nation and the diversity that makes up its population. We have placed at the heart of our research the study of ethnicity in Argentina and its relationship with the nation and internal and external migratory phenomena. The nineteenth-century elites set up population policies aiming at building a homogeneous, white and european origin for the society. These policies provoked a "process of erasing" argentinian ethnicity which was completed during the 20th century with the advent of peronism. It was only during the governments of Carlos Menem during the 1990s that ethnicity underwent profound changes, notably because of the rise of xenophobia targeting neighboring immigrants. Our research proposes a study of the evolution of the relationship between Peronism and ethnicity. To do this, we chose to follow the Barthian approach to ethnicity and to place the concept of ethnic frontier at the center of our analysis. Our research ends with the analysis of semi-directed interviews accomplished during a field work carried out with the Bolivian community in Buenos Aires. We will try to show that the changes in ethnicity during the 1990s are related to the phenomenon of disarticulation of traditional political identities and shrinking citizenship that characterized this period.

Ce travail de recherche en histoire de l'art a débuté par une enquête sur la série photographique Interface (2014) de l'artiste palestinien Taysir Batniji. Réalisée au Bahreïn, l'oeuvre présente une vision topographique et métaphorique des archipels axée sur la représentation d'infrastructures vernaculaires et de lieux interstitiels. Notre analyse de l'iconographie des images et de leur mode de production soutient qu'une vision critique subtile de la situation sociopolitique actuelle du Bahreïn imprègne le travail de Batniji. C'est dans cette perspective que ce mémoire s'intéresse plus généralement à la représentation photographique de l'espace limitrophe comme lieu de médiation où peuvent émerger des réflexions pertinentes sur la situation sociopolitique, économique et environnementale actuelle. Dans notre analyse de l'oeuvre d'art, la notion de médiation est centrale et intervient sous plusieurs formes. Nous l'abordons autant du point de vue de l'histoire sociale de l'art, en considérant les conditions matérielles et contextuelles de l'oeuvre, que d'un point de vue ancré dans une vision philosophique de l'objet d'art comme dispositif capable d'agir sur nos perceptions et nos attitudes. / This research in art history investigates the photographic series Interface (2014) by Palestinian artist Taysir Batniji. Photographed in Bahrain, the work presents a topographic and metaphorical vision of the archipelagos, focused on the representation of vernacular structures and interstitial sites. Our analysis of the iconographic motifs of the images and their mode of production suggests that Batniji's work presents a subtle critique of Bahrain's contemporary sociopolitical situation. The focus of this thesis is the photographic representation of bordering spaces as places of mediation through which relevant viewpoints on current sociopolitical, economic and environmental questions are set to emerge. The concept of mediation intervenes in many forms and is central to our analysis. We are borrowing from its use in social theories of art history, where material and contextual conditions are considered, as well as in various perspectives rooted in philosophy in which the artistic object functions as a device able to act upon our perceptions and our attitudes.

<p>U doktorskoj diseratciji posmatrani su singularni nelinearni problemi. U prvom&nbsp;poglavlju predstavljene su oznake i osnovne definicije i teoreme koje se koriste u&nbsp;disertaciji. U drugom poglavlju prikazani su poznati postupci i njihovo pona&scaron;anje&nbsp;u slučajevima da je re&scaron;enje regularno ili singularno. Takođe su pokazane poznate&nbsp;modifikacije ovih postupaka kako bi se pobolj&scaron;ala konvergencija. Posebno su&nbsp;predstavljena četiri kvazi-Njutnova metoda i predložene njihove modifikacije u&nbsp;slučaju singularnosti re&scaron;enja. U trećem poglavlju predstavljeni su teorijski okvir&nbsp;pri definisanju graničnih sistema i neki poznati algoritmi za njihovo re&scaron;avanje i&nbsp;definisan je novi algoritam koji je podjednako efikasan ali jeftiniji za rad jer ne&nbsp;uključuje izračunavanje izvoda. Takođe, predložena je kombinacija definisanog&nbsp;algortitma sa metodom negativnog gradijenta, kao i algoritam koji predstavlja&nbsp;primenu poznatog algoritma na definisani granični sistem. U četvrtom poglavlju&nbsp;predstavljeni su numerički rezultati dobijeni primenom definisanih algoritama na&nbsp;relevantne primere i potvrđeni su teorijski dobijeni rezultati.</p> / <p>In this doctoral thesis nonlinear singular problems were observed. The first&nbsp;chapter presents basic definitions and theorems that are used in the thesis. The&nbsp;second chapter presents several methods that are commonly used and their&nbsp;behavior if the solution is regular or singular. Also, some known modifications to&nbsp;these methods are presented in order to improve convergence. In addition four&nbsp;quasi-Newton methods and their modifications in the case the singularity of the&nbsp;solution. The third chapter consists of the theoretical foundation for defining the&nbsp;bordered system, some known algorithms for solving them and new algorithm is&nbsp;defined to accelerate convergence to a singular solution. New algorithm is&nbsp;efficient but cheaper for the use since there is no derivative evaluations in it. It is&nbsp;presented synthesis of new algorithm with negative gradient method and using&nbsp;one of well known method on the bordered system as well. The fourth chapter&nbsp;presents the numerical results obtained by the defined algorithms on the relevant&nbsp;examples and theoretical results are confirmed.</p>

This essay delves into the intricate dynamics of Berzelii Park, focusing on the interaction between the mesh fence constructed in 2016 and the Raoul Wallenberg monuments. It examines the fence as a nationalist monument, revealing its transformative impact on the communal space and highlighting its role in shaping memories, identity, and ideological conflicts within the urban landscape. Through qualitative text analysis and theoretical frameworks on monumentality, phenomenology, and bordering, the study navigates layers of exclusion, memory, and identity formation within the park. The collision between nationalist symbolism and the narratives of memory becomes a focal point for nuanced discussions about memory and identity formation. The conclusions of the research questions reveal how the fence transcends its functional simplicity and becomes a symbol of nationalist ideology and exclusionary practices. It interprets the mesh fence in Berzelii Park as a nationalist monument by examining its impact on the park's communal space and the narratives it depicts. Furthermore, the study explores the significance of the fence in relation to the Raoul Wallenberg monuments, complicating the dynamics between these elements in the park's location. The essay provides insight into the complexity of urban spaces and the continual redefinitions of collective identities and memories. / Denna uppsats fördjupar sig i den besvärande dynamiken i Berzelii Park, med fokus på samverkan mellan nätstängslet som restes 2016 och Raoul Wallenberg-monumenten. Den studerar stängslet som ett nationalistiskt monument, avslöjar dess transformativa inverkan på det gemensamma rummet och belyser dess roll i att forma minnen, identitet och ideologiska stridigheter i stadslandskapet. Genom kvalitativ textanalys och teoretiska fackverk rörande monumentalitet, fenomenologi, och gränsdragning navigerar studien i lager av utanförskap, minne och identitetsbildning inom parkens gränser. Kollitionen mellan nationalistisk symbolism och minnets narrativ blir en samlingspunkt för nyanserade diskussioner om minnes- och identitetsskapande. Forskningsfrågornas slutsatser avslöjar hur stängslet överskrider sin funktionella enkelhet och blir en symbol för nationalistisk ideologi och exkluderande metoder. Den tolkar nätstängslet i Berzelii Park som ett nationalistiskt monument genom att undersöka dess inverkan på parkens gemensamma utrymme och de berättelser som stängslet skildrar. Vidare utforskar studien stängslets betydelse i förhållande till Raoul Wallenberg-monumenten, vilket komplicerar dynamiken mellan dessa element på platsen i parken. Uppsatsen ger inblick i stadsrummets komplexitet och ständiga omdefinieringar av kollektiva identiteter och minnen.

EN: Jaspers came to philosophy from medicine and psychology. Unique personal situation, authentic life experience, unrepeatable faithful self-respect turned psychopathologist Jaspers from psychiatric physiology of soul to the thesis of ciphers of transcendence, borderline, edge and horizon. He constituted his own pattern of the thinker not only as an explaining teacher, but also as co-creator of original ethics, based on deep comprehension of the other, importance of encompassing communication between man and man. First section of my work deals with the concept of Border. Our attitudes and picture of the universe and its evaluation are limited by borders. The holistic complex being remains behind the horizon The second part is dedicated to border-line situation as an phenomenon of possibility, as seen from the point of view of Jaspers own existence, as presented in his Philosophy, including commentary based on new translations by Vaclav Nemec Closing part deals with existential communication and holistic transition from possible to new horizons of transcendence. My interpretation of chosen excerpts comes mostly from "Psychologie der Weltanschauungen." Quotations appear in my own translation.