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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
211

O princípio da moralidade administrativa: aspectos de controle na atividade contratual da Administração Pública / The principle of administrative morality: control aspects in contractual activity in Public Administration

Abbud, Wassila Caleiro 16 March 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2016-08-11T14:08:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Wassila Caleiro Abbud.pdf: 891695 bytes, checksum: 48e727b5ed3f084566efe976c32f5938 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-11T14:08:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Wassila Caleiro Abbud.pdf: 891695 bytes, checksum: 48e727b5ed3f084566efe976c32f5938 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-16 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The aim of this dissertation is to investigate the principle of administrative morality according to Brazilian Federal Constitution of 1988. Throughout the research, an evolutionary line of the concept has been outlined, beginning at its origins in legal French doctrine until its reception among Brazilian legal system. The high occurrence of corruption incidents observed in the country, mainly in State contractual activities – when frequently private interests are privileged at the expense of public welfare – justifies the choice of study object. Contrastingly, significant improvements were made by Brazilian institutions, meaning that Brazil is nowadays certainly equipped by both a solid democratic structure and a legal system to support and deal with the problem. From the perspective of the 1988’s Constitution, the separation between morality and law was used as a basic assumption in this study, ensuring the subjection of administrative activity to legal standards - comprised of legal rules and principles. Thus, the legal strand adopted in this work is the one that interprets administrative morality as a non-autonomous content, which is closely bound to legal morality. As a result, this study pursued to address the relationship between contractual activity carried out by Brazilian Public Administration and Control, taking into account the principle of administrative morality, considering different degrees of offence against the law: legal rules, administrative morality and administrative probity. As to the methodological aspect, qualitative research has been carried out, based on historical documents, consultation of norms and analysis of theoretical strands that deal specifically with issues of administrative morality, specially to what refers to the legal regime adopted by the Federal Constitution. At the end of this research study, it has been drawn the conclusion that the administrative morality principle is one of great relevance for Administrative Law, playing a major role in contractual activity in Public Administration / O objetivo do presente trabalho é fazer uma investigação sobre o princípio constitucional da moralidade administrativa. O estudo traçou a linha evolutiva da noção, desde suas origens na doutrina francesa até a sua recepção pela ordem jurídica brasileira. A justificativa para a escolha do tema se dá pela constante observação da ocorrência da corrupção no País, sobretudo na atividade contratual do Estado, onde, por vezes, constata-se o seu exercício a favor de interesses particulares em detrimento do interesse público, confundindo-se a coisa pública como se privada fosse. Observa-se que houve significativo avanço no desenvolvimento das instituições brasileiras, sendo certo que hoje o Brasil está aparelhado por uma estrutura democrática e um arcabouço jurídico capazes de enfrentar o problema. À luz da Constituição Federal de 1988, partiu-se da premissa de que há separação entre ordem moral e jurídica, a fim de garantir a sujeição da atividade administrativa às normas jurídicas – compreendidas de regras e princípios jurídicos. Adotou-se a tese jurídica segundo a qual o princípio da moralidade administrativa não possui conteúdo autônomo, vinculando-se à moral jurídica. Diante disso, o trabalho buscou enfrentar a relação entre atividade contratual da Administração Pública e o controle sob a ótica do princípio da moralidade administrativa, levando-se em conta os graus de ofensividade ao Direito: regras jurídicas, moralidade administrativa e probidade administrativa. Quanto ao aspecto metodológico, utilizou-se a pesquisa qualitativa, com base em documentos históricos, consultas a normas e análise de teóricos que tratam especificamente das questões ligadas à moralidade administrativa, mormente no que tange ao regime jurídico administrativo determinado pela Constituição. Ao final do presente estudo, conclui-se que a moralidade administrativa é um princípio constitucional de grande relevância para o Direito Administrativo e que exerce importante papel no controle da atividade contratual da Administração Pública
212

A interpretação dos contratos complexos: uma visão dos contratos coligados / The interpretation of complex contracts: a view on correlated contracts

Gomes, Susete 14 February 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-02-22T11:41:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Susete Gomes.pdf: 1449865 bytes, checksum: 91c93fe202e933a164da3c4f81d31ddc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-22T11:41:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Susete Gomes.pdf: 1449865 bytes, checksum: 91c93fe202e933a164da3c4f81d31ddc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-14 / In business context, freedom (inserted in the private autonomy context) lays foundations to the so-called complex contracts, which may be named as so due to aspects of different nature (subjective, normative, volitional, and objective). They are atypical, besides tending to show gaps and being of duration and relational. Complex contracts attract other contracts that become related to them, forming a complex contractual system. It is to this matter that this study converges by aiming to address the interpretation of complex contracts, including an overview of related contracts. The research underlying this thesis is relevant because its theme was given almost none doctrine treatment; moreover, there is an increasing demand for such contracts in the business market. Achieving such an aim required synchronizing the demand for complex contracts with contemporary society and its complexity, which imposes the need to reduce complexities by means of selection (choices). For that, the language works as a mediator of distinct complexities arising from the legal, economic and political systems. The interpretation of complex contracts must be drawn from the concrete situation: all various elements making it up are allocated according to its economic and practical function, which is revealed by its specific cause; the elements are filtered by the vector of the circumstances of the case so that the filtered ones are weighed against the legal system by means of general clauses of objective good faith, contractual balance and social function of contracts. Therefore, in a process called “meta-contractuality”, rules to interpret the complex contractual system will derive from the complex contract itself to be used in the same contractual system in case of conflicts to solve / No âmbito negocial, a liberdade (inserida no âmbito da autonomia privada) fundamenta os contratos complexos, que podem ser assim caracterizados por diversas vertentes (subjetiva, normativa, volitiva, objetiva) e que são atípicos com tendência a ser lacunosos, de duração, relacionais. Os contratos complexos atraem outros contratos que passam a ser a eles coligados, formando um sistema contratual complexo. É para esse contexto que converge este estudo, que tem por objetivo tratar da interpretação dos contratos complexos, incluindo uma visão dos contratos coligados. Justifica-se tal investigação por ser o tema pouco tratado pela doutrina; também se percebe demanda crescente de tais contratos no mercado negocial. Alcançar tal objetivo pressupôs sincronizar a demanda por contratos complexos com a sociedade contemporânea e sua complexidade, que impõe a necessidade de se reduzirem as complexidades por meio da seleção (escolhas). Para tanto, a linguagem mostra-se como intermediadora de complexidades distintas advindas dos sistemas jurídico, econômico e político. A interpretação dos contratos complexos deve ser feita com base na situação concreta: alocam-se todos os elementos diversos que os compõem conforme sua função prática e econômica, que é revelada pela sua causa concreta; filtram-se os elementos pelo vetor das circunstâncias do caso para que os elementos filtrados sejam ponderados relativamente ao sistema jurídico por meio de cláusulas gerais da boa-fé objetiva, do equilíbrio contratual e da função social dos contratos. Portanto, do próprio sistema contratual complexo vão emanar as normas de interpretação — a metacontratualidade — que sobre o mesmo sistema contratual incidirão para dirimir eventuais conflitos
213

Efficient breach theory – a análise do rompimento eficiente dos contratos empresariais à luz da legislação brasileira e da law and economics

Iolovitch, Marcos Brossard January 2016 (has links)
O presente trabalho examina a teoria da quebra eficiente do contrato, oriunda do direito anglo-saxão, segundo a qual, sinteticamente, um contrato só será cumprido se os custos para adimplir a obrigação forem inferiores àqueles incorridos pelo descumprimento, admitindo-se, portanto, o inadimplemento voluntário dos contratos. O objetivo é, além de apresentar a teoria, verificar a possibilidade de aplicação da mesma no Brasil, com enfoque especial nos contratos empresariais. Para tanto, o trabalho é estruturado em introdução, quatro capítulos de desenvolvimento e encerra com a conclusão. Superada a introdução, que apresenta mais profundamente as razões que levaram à pesquisa sobre o tema, o capítulo 2 versa acerca dos paradigmas clássicos de responsabilidade contratual, com destaque às modalidades de extinção do contrato sem a consecução do seu objeto bem como às regras indenizatórias aplicáveis nestes casos, em que se busca cotejá-las com o entendimento jurisprudencial. A seguir, o capítulo 3 traz as premissas teóricas da Law and Economics focadas no Direito dos Contratos necessárias à compreensão, no capítulo seguinte, da teoria da quebra eficiente do contrato, que representa o tema central do presente estudo. Neste capítulo 4 será feita uma abordagem teórica e prática da teoria sob exame, apontando sua origem histórica, desenvolvimento e aceitação do paradigma, identificando os requisitos para sua aplicação, potenciais barreiras e também as críticas doutrinárias para, em seguida, delinear o que seria o cenário ideal para sua aplicação, bem como um tópico dedicado exclusivamente à sua abordagem prática e metodologia, indicando os elementos que devem ser sopesados antes de se tomar a decisão de romper um contrato. No capítulo 5, verifica-se quais requisitos são aceitos, as efetivas barreiras e como elas podem ser superadas para autorizar a sua incidência no Brasil, tanto os de caráter jurídico como os extralegais. Para o fechamento, o último capítulo apresenta as conclusões alcançadas através da pesquisa, indicando pontos relevantes sobre a teoria da quebra eficiente e respondendo ao principal questionamento cuja resposta era almejada, se é possível aplicar a teoria no Brasil, sob quais circunstâncias e em qual extensão. / The current paper examines the efficient breach theory of contracts, from the Anglo-Saxon law origin, according to which, briefly, a contract will only be performed if the costs for performance of the obligation are lower than those incurred for non-performance, admitting, therefore, intentional breach of contract. The goal is, in addition to presenting the theory, check the possibility of applying it in Brazil, focusing mostly on business contracts. Therefore, the work is structured into introduction, four chapters of development and ends with the conclusion. Surpassed the introduction, which explains more deeply the reasons that led to research on the topic, chapter 2 examines the classical paradigms of contractual liability, especially to terminate the contract without achieving its object as well as the applicable indemnity rules in these cases, seeking to compare them with the jurisprudential understanding. Following, chapter 3 provides the theoretical premises of Law and Economics focused on the Law of Contracts necessary to understand, in the next chapter, the efficient breach theory, which is the central theme of this study. In chapter 4 a theoretical and practical approach of the theory under examination will be addressed with its historical origin, development and acceptance of the paradigm, identifying the requirements for its application, potential barriers and also the criticism it has faced to, then, outline what would be the ideal scenario for its application as well as a topic dedicated exclusively to its practical approach and methodology, pointing the elements that should be weighed before deciding to breach a contract. In chapter 5, it is shown the which requirements are accepted, the actual barriers and how they can be surpassed to permit its incidence in Brazil, both legal and non-legal. For closure, the last chapter presents the conclusions reached through the research, indicating the relevant points on the theory of efficient breach and responding to the main question of which answer was longed for, whether it is possible to apply the theory in Brazil, under what circumstances and to what extent.
214

Formation à distance et professionnalisation des professeurs contractuels des établissements d'enseignement moyen et secondaire général au Sénégal / Distance training and professionalization of contract teachers of middle and general secondary schools in Senegal

Biteye, Babacar 24 May 2017 (has links)
Notre thèse porte, dans un contexte spécifique, sur une problématique liée à la formation des enseignants dans un système éducatif qui vise à la fois l’accès à l’éducation à tous et la qualité de l’éducation pour tous. En quoi la formation à distance (FAD) favorise-t-elle la professionnalisation des professeurs contractuels (P.C) ? En tenant en compte à la fois la pratique de FAD et d’exercice des P.C dans l’analyse de leur professionnalisation, un cadre théorique de référence, s’appuyant sur la théorie de l’activité et la didactique professionnelle, est mobilisé. Ce travail de recherche, étudiant la FAD du point de vue des sujets de l’activité, privilégie une approche de terrain centrée sur l’activité des enseignants en formation. Celle-ci mobilise des vidéographies de classe suivies d’entretiens d’autoconfrontation et des entretiens semi-directifs auprès des responsables institutionnels et des formés. Les résultats obtenus mettent en lumière, d’une part, les principaux éléments de description du dispositif de formation à distance et, d’autre part, la dimension professionnalisante de celle-ci. Ils ont vérifié l’hypothèse selon laquelle la formation à distance favorise la professionnalisation des professeurs contractuels en renforçant leurs compétences professionnelles. Cette professionnalisation s’effectue selon deux modalités différentes et complémentaires : la professionnalisation par la formation et la professionnalisation qui se réalise grâce aux connaissances et compétences expérientielles. La prise en compte de ces deux voies de professionnalisation chez les P.C permet de rendre intelligible leur professionnalisation globale. / Our thesis focuses on teacher training in an education system that prioritizes access to quality education for all. In what way does distance training lead to the professionalization of contract teachers ? Taking into account both the pratice of the distance training and the exercise of the teachers in the analysis of their professionalization, this research draws on the theoretical framework based on the activity theory and professional didactics. This research, studying the distance training from the point of views of users, privilegdes an approach of the land centered on the work of teachers in training. It mobilizes classroom videos followed by self-recall and semi-directive interviews of education officers and trainees. The results obtained highlight, on the one hand, the main element of description of the system of distance training and, one the other hand, the dimension professionalizing it. They confirmed that distance learning improves professionalization of contract teachers by reinforcing their professional skills. This professionalization is done through two different but complimentary methods : professionalization by training and professionalization which relies on experience. Taking into consideration these two ways of professionalizing contract teachers renders their overall professionalization meaningful.
215

Análise prático-teórica da natureza jurídica e da formação do contrato de fretamento de navios mercantes por viagem : os impactos da insegurança jurídica no custo Brasil

Costa, Francisco Campos da 28 June 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Rosina Valeria Lanzellotti Mattiussi Teixeira (rosina.teixeira@unisantos.br) on 2017-08-05T14:39:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Francisco Campos da Costa.pdf: 3835018 bytes, checksum: 8323f7d6a816120f878736d6be9725df (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-05T14:39:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Francisco Campos da Costa.pdf: 3835018 bytes, checksum: 8323f7d6a816120f878736d6be9725df (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-28 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The maritime modal is the most used in the world for the operationalization of commerce, being responsible for the transportation of 85% of all the cargo commercialized. In Brazil, this modality corresponds to approximately 90% of cargo exports. The voyage charter party is one of the main contracts used for the export of large quantities of solid bulk, especially in regular shipping lines, known as liner, and it is the most common way of perceiving this contract in the maritime practice. The voyage charter party is not limited to transport goods in regular shipping lines, it can be used for non-regular line navigation, known as tramp, and for maritime support and heavylifts (ultra-heavy loaders ships). The Brazilian maritime doctrine always diverged on the legal nature of the voyage charter, classifying it in several ways, being usually equated as a contract of carriage of goods by sea and given the nature of carriage. The international doctrine also diverges on the subject, so the comparative analysis contributes to the solidity of the concept developed in this dissertation. The lack of consensus and incomplete analysis of this institute has legal-economic repercussions for the maritime sector, which represents a crucial point for the maintenance of the Brazilian economy. Thus, the research problem of this dissertation is: How is the legal nature of voyage charter party in Brazil juridical system classified and how does this classification legally and economically impact the Brazilian market? Thus, this dissertation aims to build a solid concept of the legal nature of voyage charter party in Brazil, demonstrating how the formation of this contract is made, with a focus on giving more legal certainty to the topic and reducing the right-cost as a significant factor of ¿custo Brasil¿, allowing greater investments in the domestic market. The applied methodology will be deductive and the sources of research will be bibliographical and documentary. / O modal marítimo é o mais utilizado no mundo para a operacionalização do comércio, sendo responsável pelo transporte de 85% de toda a carga comercializada. No Brasil, esse modal corresponde a aproximadamente 90% das exportações de cargas. O contrato de fretamento de navios mercantes por viagem é um dos principais contratos utilizados para na exportação de grandes quantidades de graneis sólidos, especialmente na navegação de linha regular, conhecida como liner, sendo a forma mais comum de se perceber este contrato na prática maritimista. O contrato de fretamento por viagem não é limitado a utilização em linha regular e ao transporte de cargas, podendo ser utilizado na navegação de linha não regular, tramp, e para apoio marítimo e heavylift (carregadores ultra pesados). A doutrina maritimista brasileira sempre divergiu sobre a natureza jurídica do contrato fretamento por viagem, classificando-o de diversas formas, sendo usualmente equiparado a contrato de transporte e sendolhe atribuída natureza de transporte. A doutrina internacional também diverge sobre o tema, portanto a análise comparada contribui para a solidez do conceito desenvolvido nesta dissertação. A falta de consenso e a análise incompleta deste instituto têm reflexos jurídico-econômicos para o setor marítimo, que representa ponto crucial para a manutenção da economia brasileira. Destarte, o problema de pesquisa desta dissertação é: Como é classificada a natureza jurídica do contrato de fretamento de navios por viagem no Brasil, e, como essa classificação impacta jurídico-economicamente o mercado brasileiro? Desta forma, esta dissertação objetiva a construção de um conceito sólido da natureza jurídica do contrato de fretamento por viagem no sistema jurídico Brasil, demonstrando inclusive como se dá a formação deste contrato, com fulcro de dar mais segurança jurídica para o tema e reduzir o direito-custo como fator significativo do custo Brasil, permitindo maiores investimentos no mercado nacional. A metodologia aplicada será dedutiva e as fontes de pesquisa serão a bibliográfica e a documental.
216

Ung Företagsamhets arbetssätt : Ur pedagogens perspektiv / The Working Method of Young Enterprise (UF) : From the Teacher's Perspective

Andersson, Patrik January 2008 (has links)
<p>Abstract</p><p>The aim of this paper is to, through interviews, examine what opinions teachers connected to "Ung Företagsamhet" (Young Enterprise, UF) have on the work of UF compared to contractual and traditional learning. The reason for this is to find out if UF´s way of working is successful in a world, where the definition of knowledge constantly changes. Through qualitative interviews the views of four UF teachers are scrutinised. The results of the interviews indicate that UF works in a way, which contains both contractual and traditional learning, where both directions complement each other in different stages of the learning process.</p><p>Key words: Contractual learning, pedagogical perspective, Young Enterprise, traditional learning</p> / <p>Sammanfattning</p><p>Uppsatsens syfte är att, genom en intervjuundersökning, klarlägga vilken uppfattning lärare</p><p>inom Ung Företagsamhet (UF) har om UF:s arbetssätt jämfört med traditionell respektive entreprenöriell</p><p>undervisning. Detta för att se om UF:s arbetssätt är bra i en värld där kunskapskraven</p><p>är i ständig förändring. Metoden som valts är att genom kvalitativa intervjuer undersöka</p><p>hur fyra UF-lärare ser på arbetssättet inom UF. Resultatet visar att Ung Företagsamhet</p><p>tillämpar ett arbetssätt med både entreprenöriella och traditionella undervisningsinslag, där</p><p>båda utgör ett komplement till varandra i olika kunskapsstadier.</p>
217

Contractual Governance of Indonesia Railway System - Case Study:Customer Satisfaction in Jabodetabek Area Vs Värmlandstrafik AB

Sunarto, Retno Sari January 2009 (has links)
<p>The growth of private motor vehicle grows rapidly each year have negative impact not only forthe extra contribution of air pollution but also to time wasting. That impact can lead todecreasing of people quality life. Public transportation is one of the solutions for the problem.Therefore, the shift from private motor vehicle user to public transportation, in other wordincreasing market share of public transportation, is necessary. One of the public transportationthat can attract more market share is railways. It has large capacity, high safety level, and freefrom traffic jam. Those characteristic makes railway as primary public transportation.Indonesian railways nowadays have lot of problems and receive many complaints from thepassenger. Train travel is still colored with the delay, limited well-condition vehicle, and uncleartrain travel information that often disadvantage passengers, and many of services offered werefailed to attract passengers. These conditions result in decreasing quality of services andinsufficient railways operation. This will be a barrier to Indonesian railways accomplishment inmaking it to be a reliable and sustainable transport mode. Therefore, to improve market shareand to improve the railway condition, it necessary to have contractual governance withstandard that can lead to costumer satisfaction and making the process improve therelationship between the stakeholders. This lead to the problem of what is the customersatisfaction factors in using railway as their transport, what service quality item that satisfiedthe passenger, and how contract can maintain the relationship between the stakeholders.Finding in this thesis consist of several point. First, from the customer satisfaction index, thecustomers of Jabodetabek commuter train are not satisfied with the service. Second, theanalysis discovered that there are four factors that have high correlation with overallsatisfaction. The four factors are equipment and facility, assurance, competency, and traveltime and appearance. The attributes is grouping into five SERVQUAL dimension. Fromregression analysis of SERVQUAL dimensions there are two service items that influence thecustomer satisfaction; assurances and tangibles. Third, from gap analysis there are gaps inservice process that need to be closed in order to deliver service quality which lead tocustomer satisfaction in railway operational. Fourth, from contract analysis can be concludedthat present condition PT.KAI as the operator cannot perform as it is stated in contract. Thiscan be influenced by many factors such as; the lack of infrastructure, the lack of vehicle,customer misbehavior, staff misbehavior and external factors. In delivering service qualitywhich can lead to customer satisfaction, it is recommended to improve the service that relatedto assurances and tangible items and to involves passengers in controlling and improvingrailway operational. The result expected from the improvement is the increase of overallperformance of railway operation which can lead to the increase customer satisfaction andmarket share. From side of contractual governance, the research discovered that there areproblem in contract clausal and relationship between DGR, PT. KAI and people as customer ofrailway service. The recommendation is to include customer complains in setting contractclausal that can make DGR, PT. KAI and people as customer in mutualism developingrelationship.</p>
218

Contractual Governance of Indonesia Railway System - Case Study:Customer Satisfaction in Jabodetabek Area Vs Värmlandstrafik AB

Sunarto, Retno Sari January 2009 (has links)
The growth of private motor vehicle grows rapidly each year have negative impact not only forthe extra contribution of air pollution but also to time wasting. That impact can lead todecreasing of people quality life. Public transportation is one of the solutions for the problem.Therefore, the shift from private motor vehicle user to public transportation, in other wordincreasing market share of public transportation, is necessary. One of the public transportationthat can attract more market share is railways. It has large capacity, high safety level, and freefrom traffic jam. Those characteristic makes railway as primary public transportation.Indonesian railways nowadays have lot of problems and receive many complaints from thepassenger. Train travel is still colored with the delay, limited well-condition vehicle, and uncleartrain travel information that often disadvantage passengers, and many of services offered werefailed to attract passengers. These conditions result in decreasing quality of services andinsufficient railways operation. This will be a barrier to Indonesian railways accomplishment inmaking it to be a reliable and sustainable transport mode. Therefore, to improve market shareand to improve the railway condition, it necessary to have contractual governance withstandard that can lead to costumer satisfaction and making the process improve therelationship between the stakeholders. This lead to the problem of what is the customersatisfaction factors in using railway as their transport, what service quality item that satisfiedthe passenger, and how contract can maintain the relationship between the stakeholders.Finding in this thesis consist of several point. First, from the customer satisfaction index, thecustomers of Jabodetabek commuter train are not satisfied with the service. Second, theanalysis discovered that there are four factors that have high correlation with overallsatisfaction. The four factors are equipment and facility, assurance, competency, and traveltime and appearance. The attributes is grouping into five SERVQUAL dimension. Fromregression analysis of SERVQUAL dimensions there are two service items that influence thecustomer satisfaction; assurances and tangibles. Third, from gap analysis there are gaps inservice process that need to be closed in order to deliver service quality which lead tocustomer satisfaction in railway operational. Fourth, from contract analysis can be concludedthat present condition PT.KAI as the operator cannot perform as it is stated in contract. Thiscan be influenced by many factors such as; the lack of infrastructure, the lack of vehicle,customer misbehavior, staff misbehavior and external factors. In delivering service qualitywhich can lead to customer satisfaction, it is recommended to improve the service that relatedto assurances and tangible items and to involves passengers in controlling and improvingrailway operational. The result expected from the improvement is the increase of overallperformance of railway operation which can lead to the increase customer satisfaction andmarket share. From side of contractual governance, the research discovered that there areproblem in contract clausal and relationship between DGR, PT. KAI and people as customer ofrailway service. The recommendation is to include customer complains in setting contractclausal that can make DGR, PT. KAI and people as customer in mutualism developingrelationship.
219

Basic Economic Rights

Edlich, Harry Sutton 09 August 2005 (has links)
The world’s human population is presently politically organized into an international system of territorially-defined nation-states. Each nation-state claims sovereign rights to non-interference and self-determination which minimize the legitimate influence of all other nation-states on the conduct of its internal affairs. International political discourse using the concept of human rights has become increasingly influential in addressing the regulation and restrictions of coercive activity that governing institutions can exact upon citizen populations. If there are universal human rights that all persons possess regardless of national affiliation, does this include basic economic rights that should insure all persons the basic economic goods necessary for healthy subsistence? Philosophers working within the state of nature contractual theory of government philosophical tradition, including Hobbes, Locke, Nozick, and Rawls, reach contradictory conclusions regarding the existence of universal basic economic rights. More recently, Shue has provided arguments affirming the existence of universal basic economic rights.
220

Contract Management Behavior Of Turkish Construction Companies In International Contracts

Yigit, Muhammet Alper 01 February 2009 (has links) (PDF)
Contract management starts with the contract negotiations and lasts until the end of the contract, and is the process that covers three fundamental functions required to compensate the goals of the project / Relationship Management, Project Delivery, and Administration of the contract. This thesis focused on investigating contract management behavior of Turkish construction companies in international projects. A survey was composed and interviewed with professionals for investigating the contract management behavior of contractors. The survey aimed to investigate / factors influencing contractors&rsquo / behaviors, key success factors for contract management, company contract management organizations, claim issues, and conflict and dispute resolution behavior of firms. 51 companies participated to the survey. The survey results revealed that Turkish contractors consider contract management to be significant for success at international markets. Contractors are aware of the need for a continuous contract management application although this rate cannot be achieved in practice. Considering awareness as a driving factor for improvement it can be estimated that in future Turkish contractors will be managing their contracts in more efficient, organized and systematic ways than today. Results revealed that / contract management behaviors are mostly affected by the risk and complexity of the project, regular contract process is the most impactful process on the success, and change order requests of the owners are the most frequent reasons of claims. According to respondents contract management can reduce number of conflicts and disputes.

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