Esta dissertação visa realizar uma revisão historiográfica da obra Considerações sobre a França (1797), de Joseph de Maistre, que representa um dos primeiros ensaios de interpretação histórica do fenômeno revolucionário em língua francesa e do ponto de vista da contra-revolução. Neste ínterim, pretendemos oferecer uma visão de conjunto do uso que a historiografia da Revolução Francesa fez das Considerações de Maistre. Simultaneamente, empreendemos uma síntese biográfica-intelectual do saboiano, com o objetivo de sublinhar a complexa natureza de sua reação à Revolução e ao Iluminismo reação esta caracterizada por uma excêntrica interação entre jesuitismo, iluminismo e filosofia das Luzes. Por fim, apresentamos ao público uma tradução dessa obra, ainda inédita em língua portuguesa. / The purpose of this study is to present a historical revision of Joseph de Maistres Considérations sur la France (1797), which represents a pioneering attempt of historical interpretation of the revolutionary phaenomenon in French language and from the point of view of the counter-revolution. In doing so, we intend to offer a panoramic view of the use made of Joseph de Maistres most famous pamphlet in the historiography of the French Revolution. It also provides a brief intellectual biography of the savoyard which tries to underline the complexity of the Maistrean reaction to the Enlightenment and the Revolution - marked by an eccentric interaction with certain currents of jesuitism, iluminism and the Enlightenment. Last but not least, we present a translation of the pamphlet, heretofore neglected in Portuguese.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-05T18:25:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 8 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / O presente trabalho tem como objetivo interpretar o Brasil de Fato, um jornal popular alternativo, em relação ao contexto de crise das esquerdas identificado pelos movimentos sociais que lhe dão sustentação. Parte-se da ideia de que as pesquisas em comunicação popular e alternativa devem levar em conta os contextos sociais nos quais as práticas de comunicação estão inseridas, na medida em que as condições objetivas postas às forças sociais incidem sobre seus meios de comunicação, conferindo-lhes significados, impondo-lhes limitações e tornando-se objeto de seus discursos. Neste sentido, busca-se interpretar o Brasil de Fato, jornal lançado em 2003 por um conjunto de movimentos sociais, entidades e intelectuais da esquerda brasileira, com o objetivo de compreender a relação entre um modo tradicional de se fazer jornalismo desde uma perspectiva contra-hegemônica e os desafios e dificuldades impostos ao jornalismo popular alternativo nos tempos de crise. Desse modo, pretende-se contribuir para a reflexão crítica / The aim of this paper is to interpret the Brasil de Fato, a popular alternative newspaper, in relation to the context of crisis of the left identified by the social movements that support it. It begins with the idea that research on alternative and popular communication must consider the social context in which communication practices are integrated. This should be done to the extent that the objective conditions of social forces to put focus on the media and give it meaning imposes limitations and becomes the object of his speeches. Brasil de Fato was created in 2003 by a group of social movements, entities, and intellectuals of the Brazilian left. Their aim is to understand the relationship between a traditional way of doing journalism in a counter-hegemonic perspective and the challenges and difficulties imposed on the popular alternative journalism during times of crisis.

A methodology for the thermodynamic-kinetic evaluation of circulating systems as TSA carbon capture processes is developed and used in the assessment of a novel CFB configuration against a benchmark (co-current riser). The novel CFB features a counter-current adsorber, a counter-current regenerator and a riser, the latter element playing a double role of solids conveyer and co-current adsorber. The advantages sought by using a counter-current adsorber are not only the more efficient gas-solid contact mode with respect co-current, but also a low pressure drop derived from operation at lower gas velocities and hydrostatic head partially supported on the contactor internals. Knowledge of the adsorption equilibrium alone is sufficient to realise the much higher sorbent circulation rates required by co-current configurations –compared to counter-current– to meet the stringent carbon capture specifications of 90% recovery and 95% purity. Higher solids circulation rates imply higher energy requirements for regeneration, and therefore research and development of co-current gas-solid contactors cannot be justified in terms of searching for energy-efficient post-combustion carbon capture processes. Parallel experimental investigation in the operation and fluid dynamics of cold model CFB rigs is carried out with the purposes of: 1) providing information that may impact the process performance and can be fed into the mathematical model used in the theoretical assessment for more realistic evaluation, and 2) determine gas and solids residence time distributions (RTDs), which are used for the estimation of axial dispersion and comparison with published results in similar systems. Gas RTD data is generated using a tracer pulse injection-detection technique, whereas RTD for the solid phase is studied using positron emission particle tracking (PEPT). The PEPT technique proved to be adequate for the identification of flow regimes in the novel design of the counter-current adsorber, featuring inclined orifice trays. At low gas velocities the particles flow straight down through the tray holes, whereas at higher velocities the particles flow down in zig-zag, increasing the residence time of the particles and reducing the particle axial dispersion, both beneficial in terms of separation efficiency.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T17:27:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Alexandre dos Santos Silva.pdf: 761912 bytes, checksum: 4f5a447e3a195bde0f2c17030e2b1ac6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-06-26 / The presente work is aimed at the analysis of the analytical itinerary of the notion of critical atitude in Michel Foucault. For that, we attempt to evaluate the types of power configuration, according to the thinker, attempting, above all, to the constitution of pastoral power as a practise of ruling the souls . According to Foucault, one can track the passage of the souls‟s pastoral to the political domination of men, named by the philosopher as governmentality , or the art of governing. Remarkably approached in the 1978 course, Security, Territory, Population , the theme of the political governamentality will give to Foucault the opportunity to introduce the issue of counter-conduct to the practices of men government, or even better, critical attitude. Therewith, this research has as its kernel to scavenge the analytical path of the critical attitude‟s notion in Michel Foucault. This will be done trying to piece the foucaultian theorical itinerary in relation to the power variations. In this sense, the study of the lecture Qu est-ce la Critique and of the 1978 course constitutes the primary writings to be considerated in this work / O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar o itinerário analítico da noção de atitude crítica‟ em Michel Foucault. Para tanto, buscamos avaliar as formas de configuração de poder, segundo o pensador, atentando principalmente para a constituição do poder pastoral como prática de governo das almas . Segundo Foucault, pode-se acompanhar a passagem da pastoral das almas para o governo político dos homens, a que o filósofo denomina governamentalidade ou artes de governar. Abordado notadamente no curso de 1978, Segurança, Território, População o tema da governamentalidade política permitirá a Foucault introduzir o problema da contra conduta às práticas de governo dos homens, ou melhor, atitude crítica. A partir desses elementos, esta pesquisa tem como cerne vasculhar o percurso analítico da constituição da noção de atitude crítica, em Michel Foucault. Isto será feito visando reconstituir o itinerário teórico foucaultiano em relação às variações de poder. Nesse sentido, o estudo da conferência Qu´est-ce la Critique e do curso de 1978 constituem os escritos principais a serem analisados neste trabalho

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T20:20:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Karine Michelle Guirau.pdf: 2806659 bytes, checksum: 39cc0e0ca259bb636829a81a9446f21a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-05-13 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / To delimit Indian lands in Brazil is a historically complicated task. And when it comes to the state of Mato Grosso do Sul this task requires twice the challenges. Ñande Ru Marangatu is the land of Kaiowa Indian in the municipality of Antônio João/MS next to Paraguai border. Approved as an Indian land after a long administrative procedure, the Kaiowa from Marangatu witnessed the effects of the ratification decree be suspended by the MS 25463/DF leaving that community to the roadside of MS. Ñande Ru Marangatu is a typical case of racist conduct e negligence by the Brazilian society with regards to the indigenous people in general. This study seeks to understand the intensity of the anti-indigenous speech presented by the anthropological counter report in the administrative procedure of identification and demarcation of Ñande Ru Marangatu and present it as a communicative event that reveals what is beneath the suspension of the effects of the ratification decree / Demarcar terras indígenas no Brasil é tarefa historicamente complicada. Tratando-se do estado do Mato Grosso do Sul é tarefa que dobra em seus desafios. Ñande Ru Marangatu é terra de índio Kaiowa no município de Antônio João/MS junto à fronteira do Paraguai. Homologada como terra indígena depois de um longo procedimento administrativo, os Kaiowa de Marangatu viram ser suspensos os efeitos do decreto homologatório pela MS 25463/DF sobrando àquela comunidade as beiras das estradas de MS. Ñande Ru Marangatu é um típico caso de conduta racista e descaso pela sociedade brasileira frente aos povos indígenas, de forma geral. O presente trabalho busca compreender a intensidade do discurso anti-indígena apresentado pelo contraulado antropológico no procedimento administrativo de identificação e demarcação de Ñande Ru Marangatu e apresentá-lo como um evento comunicativo que revela o que por trás está da suspensão dos efeitos do decreto homologatório

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T14:53:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Karine Michelle Guirau.pdf: 2806659 bytes, checksum: 39cc0e0ca259bb636829a81a9446f21a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-05-13 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / To delimit Indian lands in Brazil is a historically complicated task. And when it comes to the state of Mato Grosso do Sul this task requires twice the challenges. Ñande Ru Marangatu is the land of Kaiowa Indian in the municipality of Antônio João/MS next to Paraguai border. Approved as an Indian land after a long administrative procedure, the Kaiowa from Marangatu witnessed the effects of the ratification decree be suspended by the MS 25463/DF leaving that community to the roadside of MS. Ñande Ru Marangatu is a typical case of racist conduct e negligence by the Brazilian society with regards to the indigenous people in general. This study seeks to understand the intensity of the anti-indigenous speech presented by the anthropological counter report in the administrative procedure of identification and demarcation of Ñande Ru Marangatu and present it as a communicative event that reveals what is beneath the suspension of the effects of the ratification decree / Demarcar terras indígenas no Brasil é tarefa historicamente complicada. Tratando-se do estado do Mato Grosso do Sul é tarefa que dobra em seus desafios. Ñande Ru Marangatu é terra de índio Kaiowa no município de Antônio João/MS junto à fronteira do Paraguai. Homologada como terra indígena depois de um longo procedimento administrativo, os Kaiowa de Marangatu viram ser suspensos os efeitos do decreto homologatório pela MS 25463/DF sobrando àquela comunidade as beiras das estradas de MS. Ñande Ru Marangatu é um típico caso de conduta racista e descaso pela sociedade brasileira frente aos povos indígenas, de forma geral. O presente trabalho busca compreender a intensidade do discurso anti-indígena apresentado pelo contraulado antropológico no procedimento administrativo de identificação e demarcação de Ñande Ru Marangatu e apresentá-lo como um evento comunicativo que revela o que por trás está da suspensão dos efeitos do decreto homologatório

Objective: Anxiety and depression have been conceptualised as being associated with “an abundance of habit and a dearth of control” (Hertel, 2015, p. 1). There has been a recent and burgeoning interest toward understanding the role of habits in health psychology and in the psychological disorders of obsessive-compulsive disorder and addiction in particular. To the author’s knowledge, there has been no previous systematic review that aimed to summarise the research investigating the involvement of mental habits in anxiety and depression in clinical and non-clinical populations. Method: The term habit was operationalized and inclusion criteria were specified in the domains of habit measurement, research paradigms, and manipulation tasks. A search across four databases was conducted: Web of Science, EBSCOhost, PubMed and OVID (PsycARTICLES and Journals@OVID). A progressive screening procedure yielded 8 relevant studies related to mental habits in anxiety (n = 1), depression (n = 4) and both anxiety and depression (n = 3). Results: Self-report habit measures correlate with the presence of symptoms. Computational modelling reinforcement learning and goal-devaluation paradigms demonstrate that anxiety and depression are associated with deficits in goal-directed learning and decision-making in favour of habitual learning strategies. Cognitive bias modification meets the criteria for enabling habit change and can strengthen or weaken interpretative habits in response to training. Conclusions: Despite considerable variability and limitations in the design of the studies appraised in this review, overall findings indicate support for habitual thought processes being implicated in anxiety and depression. Treating problematic thought processes in anxiety and depression as habitual – cued automatically by contextual cues, not goal-dependent and resistant to change – may be beneficial for future research and clinical applications. Abstract (Experimental Study) This study investigated predictions from the habit-goal framework for depressive rumination (Watkins & Nolen-Hoeksema, 2014) using a simultaneous replication single case experimental design in a multiple baseline case series. Seven high ruminators were recruited from community and university settings (with one participant’s data later excluded due to insufficient baseline rumination). Following a baseline monitoring period, participants received an intervention that included (i) spotting personal triggers for rumination and (ii) the practice of a scripted concrete thinking exercise (CTE) in response to these triggers, utilising an implementation intention (If-Then plan). It was predicted that practice of the IF-THEN CTE, linked to warning signs, would result in a significant reduction in both frequency and automaticity of rumination in the intervention phase compared to baseline. At the group level, using randomization tests (Onghena & Edgington, 2005), reductions in automaticity of rumination were trending toward statistical significance whilst the impact of the intervention on rumination frequency was not statistically significant. Effect size calculations, using nonoverlap of all pairs, demonstrated a medium effect of the intervention on automaticity (NAP = .76) and weak to medium effect on frequency of rumination (NAP = .66). Visual and statistical analysis of individual data demonstrated that two participants experienced statistically significant benefits (p < .05) for a reduction in automaticity of rumination and one participant’s frequency of rumination was significantly reduced. These two participants also showed the greatest levels of automaticity for the IF-THEN-CTE intervention during the intervention phase. Five participants demonstrated a strong or medium effect of the intervention on automaticity and two participants demonstrated a medium effect on frequency. Taken together, the data is broadly consistent with the predictions made by the habit-goal framework. Pre and post measures indicate reductions for all participants in rumination as habit using the self-report habit index (SRHI) and overall rumination levels rated on the ruminative responses scale (RRS). At post intervention three participants no longer met criteria for inclusion to the study on the RRS. Despite mixed results, feedback at debrief indicated that the intervention was acceptable to participants who reported that they would carry on using it after the study ended.

Nigeria has seen an upsurge in violent conflicts leading to insurgency and terrorism since it returned to civilian government in 1999, following sixteen years of military rule. The Niger Delta and Boko Haram insurgencies stand out among conflict groups in Nigeria as they have produced global consequences, hence provoking domestic and international counter-insurgency efforts. Military responses remain primary, but development responses are being increasingly employed. Addressing issues of poverty, exclusion, injustice and underdevelopment is considered to be more fundamental to solving contemporary conflicts. In this sense, development and security are linked, and human, rather than state security is seen to be prioritised. However, the nexus between development and security is fraught with contradictions and the notion of human security is vague. Development intervention appears to be securitized such that it becomes a tool for protecting the strategic interests of external interveners and a tool of control by domestic interveners. Therefore, this thesis explores the prospect of a human rights approach to development as a means of mediating the tension between development and security. It attempts to intellectually consider the triad among the three concepts in relation to the Niger Delta and Boko Haram conflicts. The study explores how the internal and external development interventions towards the Niger Delta and Boko Haram conflicts have been developed and the issues that have arisen concerning their effectiveness. The exploratory study uses a triangulation method that includes interviews, focus group, documentary analysis and observation. The thesis finds evidence of a paradigmatic shift towards a rights based approach to development in the internal and external interventions, but one that still yields to securitization and corruption and adversely affects sustainable development. Nonetheless, responses to the Niger Delta and Boko Haram conflicts produce ramifications that justify general as well as specifically targeted responses to individual conflicts. More so, the study shows that the relationship between Nigeria and its external development partners seem to be less vertical.

In this PhD thesis I offer an examination of the work of Jesuit Andrea Pozzo (1642-1709), an artist known primarily for his works of perspectival fresco painting. Pozzo's development, his career and his multifaceted practice––which included painting, scenography, architecture, and a two-volume treatise on perspective–– together serve as a prime case study for understanding the relationship of the religious art and architecture of the seventeenth century to the period's culture of ritual and performance. Pozzo's work, I argue, is religious theatre, and the key to reading both his ephemeral scenographies and the permanent works of painting and architecture lies in religious performance. Each of the works, I contend, functions as a work of religious theatre: architectural space, images, narrative, illusion and light are used to communicate messages, to engage the senses and the intellect, to activate the memory and the imagination, and to directly involve the spectator both internally and externally as a performer. In my first two chapters I present an analysis of the environment in which Pozzo emerged, beginning with the religious, intellectual and visual culture of the Jesuits, before turning to the religious theatre of Northern Italy. Here I concentrate on the Counter-Reform culture of religious spectacle, before arriving at Pozzo’s first recorded scenographies. In addition to their ritual function, I demonstrate how these works establish many of the recurring visual themes and techniques we see across Pozzo's work. In the third chapter I study Pozzo's earliest surviving major painting commission: the church of San Francesco Saverio at Mondovì. I present the church as a teatro sacro—a permanent ritual scenography of architecture and painting which evokes the elaborate ritual processions of the time. My fourth chapter focuses on the ephemeral scenographic works of Pozzo’s Roman period. Pozzo’s innovations in scenography and perspectival illusionism in Rome quickly establish his reputation and lead to the major commissions in the church of Sant'Ignazio, which I discuss with several major Roman works in my final chapter. The examination of the Roman projects returns us to the central theme of my thesis: art and architecture as theatre; both a setting for religious ritual and a means of persuasion through intellectual and spiritual engagement of the observer in a ritual performance. In order to pursue this line of argument I have consulted a wide array of sources and secondary literature across a number of fields. Important primary sources studied include Pozzo's two-volume treatise, Perspectiva Pictorum et Architectorum (1693,1700), Jesuit documents and archived correspondence, eighteenth-century biographies of Pozzo, prints and commemorative publications of festivals, works of classical authors, and theological writings of major figures in the seventeenth century. This project embraces a wide range of topics including painting, perspective, architecture, illusion, theatre and scenography, ritual and spectacle, theology, philosophy, early modern science, Counter-Reform religious culture, and Jesuit history.

Os Contramapas de acolhimento têm como objetivo reconhecer e registrar em comunicação cartográfica as formas de acolhimento encontradas em diferentes espaços da cidade com as suas respectivas conexões e permeabilidades. A metodologia utilizada a criação dos Contramapas é um processo cartográfico subjetivo amparado no pensamento do filósofo Jacques Derrida sobre a prática da hospitalidade para perceber e representar a verdadeira potência de acolhimento dos espaços das cidades e suas arquiteturas. Sem a intenção de estabelecer comprometimento com a exatidão dos mapas e processos cartográficos convencionais, as formas de acolhimento representadas nos Contramapas possibilitaram representar as maneiras de convívio entre diferentes grupos na cidade, apontando a real dimensão das urgentes necessidades de revisão das políticas de hospitalidade entre diferentes. As análises dos Contramapas atrelada à revisão das políticas de hospitalidade iluminam potencialidades até então não percebidas ou não descritas nas arquiteturas e espaços da cidade, que atuam como agentes de hospitalidade, amizade e acolhimento do por vir. / The Hospitality Counter-maps aim to recognize and register, by cartographic communication, welcome forms in different city spaces with their respective connections and permeabilities. The used methodology is a subjective cartographic process supported by the philosopher Jacques Derrida´s thoughts about the practice of hospitality to perceive and represent the true hospitality power of the cities spaces and their architecture. Disregarding the intention of being committed to the conventional mapping and cartographic processes, the hospitality forms represented on the Counter-maps allowed to show the ways of interaction among different individuals and different groups in the city, pointing out the real dimension of the urgent revision needs of the current hospitality policies. The Counter-maps analysis and the resulting review of the hospitality policies enlightened the potentialities hitherto not perceived or described in the architectures and spaces of the city, functioning as agents that empower hospitality, friendship and the still to come.