The internationalization processes of entrepreneurship have long been a topic that has interested both entrepreneurs and researchers. In today's society with digitalization tightly integrated in our society, and with the SME business's wide range of e-stores, this study examines the importance of digitization and the use of social media in an internationalization process for Swedish SME businesses. Considering that many of the theories today do not take into account the importance of digital usage, this was a gap that the author wanted to research. In order to investigate this question in the best possible way, the author used a qualitative study where five people were interviewed from five different companies. Based on the empirical collection and literary basis for this study, the author has analyzed the research question and come to some conclusions. The conclusions that this work landed in are the viewing of digitalization and the use of social media as a tool in an internationalization process today, this through both simplifications, but also the possibility of globalization through a screen. Through digitization, you can acquire knowledge of the markets, create relationships and networks, positioning your brand, marketing and sales.

This study investigates the implementation of Lean principles to Value Stream Mapping (VSM). The study also explores the benefits and challenges of applying VSM as a mapping model for preliminary work in the context of digitalization within assembly lines. Through a qualitative approach, including literature review and interviews, this research examines the integration of Lean principles with VSM as a framework to uncover and address inefficiencies at a large company assembly line. The study was done at a large enterprise (LE) located in Sweden. The findings highlight the potential benefits of the VSM such as being customizable. However, the study also identifies challenges to the VSM as it is missing important parts, such as systems that need to be covered in a digitalization process. This study found it to be a challenge when using VSM as a mapping tool in a complex assembly process and because of that could not identify any potential opportunities or deficiencies regarding the digitalization. The study also comes with suggestions for further research to explore contextual factors, develop implementation frameworks and investigate the long-term effects and sustainability of this integrated approach.

Digitaliseringen pågår överallt och den utvecklas snabbt. Möjligheterna är många samtidigt som utmaningar finns. Det kan vara svårt för företag och organisationer att ställa om processer, ändra arbetssätt samt lära ut ny teknik i takt med digitaliseringens framfart, men för att hålla sig kvar på marknaden är det mer eller mindre ett krav. När en organisation genomgår en förändring behöver dess medlemmar anpassa sig till det nya arbetssättet. Syftet med vår studie är att få förståelse för hur revisionsprocessen ser ut idag och hur den förändring som digitaliseringen bidragit med påverkar möjligheten att upptäcka ekonomisk brottslighet. För att undersöka det utgår vi från vår frågeställning; hur har digitaliseringen inom revisionsprocessen förändrat arbetet med att upptäcka ekonomisk brottslighet? Vår studie baseras på Karl E. Weicks teori om meningsskapande i organisationer. Tidigare forskning har visat att det finns brist på kunskap om hur den meningsskapande processen kommer till uttryck samt digitaliseringens påverkan på revisionsprocessen kopplat till ekonomisk brottslighet. Studiens resultat baseras på kvalitativa intervjuer med fem revisorer och en expert från Ekobrottsmyndigheten, samt en dokumentanalys.  Studiens resultat visar att de digitala verktygen som används inom revisionsprocessen idag bidrar till att monotona moment inom revisionen har fallit bort och att revisorerna istället kan lägga sitt främsta fokus på analyser och tolkning. Ett mer digitaliserat arbetssätt inom revisionsprocessen kan således leda till en mer kvalitativ och effektiv revisionsprocess, med mer omfattande och grundläggande analyser av revisionsunderlag vilket i sin tur påverkar möjligheten att upptäcka ekonomisk brottslighet. / Digitization is an ongoing process, and it is developing rapidly. Digitalization offers are many opportunities, but also presents challenges. It can be difficult for companies and organizations to change processes, adapt to new working methods and teach new technology to employees. However, in order for businesses to stay in the market, digitalization is more or less a requirement. When an organization undergoes a change, its members need to adapt to the new way of working. The purpose of this study is to gain an understanding of what the audit process looks like today, and to investigate the impacy that digitization has on the ability to detect financial crime. To investigate this, we start with our question; How has digitization in the audit process changed the work of detecting financial crime? Our study is based on Karl E. Weick's theory of sensemaking in organizations. Previous research has shown that there is a lack of knowledge about how the sensemaking process is expressed as well as the impact of digitization on the audit process linked to financial crime. This study's results are based on qualitative interviews with five accountants and an expert from the Swedish Economic Crime Authority (Ekobrottsmyndigheten), as well as document analysis. The results shows that the digital tools used in the audit process today contribute to the fact that monotonous aspects of the audit have fallen away and that the auditors can instead put their main focus on analyzes and interpretation. A more digitized way of working within the audit process can thus lead to a more qualitative and efficient audit process, with more extensive and fundamental analyzes of audit documents, which in turn affects the possibility of detecting financial crime.

Research questions: How can businesses improve the trustworthiness and competence of chatbots for consumers? Purpose: The purpose is to investigate how chatbots' perceived competence and trustworthiness impact consumers' willingness to interact with them. The study             aims to identify patterns or businesses to advance  Method: The study relies on qualitative data and semi-structured interviews with consumers about their experience with chatbots. For deeper and more detailed data, it is conducted by interviewing experts with years of experience with chatbots. The data has been then analyzed through thematic analysis.  Conclusion: The study identifies 10 key themes connected to the theories and the two main elements of this research. Companies are advised to give top priority to the identified themes when integrating chatbots into their customer service operations.

I det allt mer digitala samhället, har olika samhällsaktörer implementerat digitala verktyg i sitt arbete. Däribland socialtjänsten, som samhällets yttersta skyddsnät och en minst sagt betydelsefull välfärdsaktör. Det relateras till syftet med denna kvalitativa fallstudie, som har varit att undersöka det sociala arbetets innehåll, på det webbaserade råd- och stödforumet Soctanter på nätet. Fallstudie har använts som forskningsstrategi och analysmetoden består i en tematisk analys. Studien tar avstamp i hermeneutiken och Zygmunt Baumans teori "liquid modernity", som har använts för analys av frågor och svar. Därutöver används begreppen makt och maktutövning, vilka har förankrats i Foucaults maktanalys. Studien visar att de som ställer frågor på forumet har olika relation till socialtjänsten. Vissa har en etablerad kontakt, andra har inte det och vissa ställer frågor åt någon annan. De frågor som ställs berör olika områden inom socialtjänsten, men även sådana som faller utanför. Utvecklingstrender har också visats, när det gäller frågorna som ställs. Däribland speglar dessa det aktuella samhällstillståndet som råder. Bland frågorna har också en trend angående anonymisering kunnat spåras. Ett annat resultat är att svaren som finns många gånger är generella samt att frågeställare ofta blir upplysta om rättigheter och skyldigheter. Därtill visas det att frågeställare har en syn på socialtjänsten som sakkunniga, oförstående och i vissa fall ett emotionellt stöd. Det är tydligt att det sociala arbetet befinner sig i en digitaliserad era. Vi har i den här studien kunnat konstatera att vidare forskning om onlinebaserat socialt arbete behövs.

Bakgrund: Digitalisering inom primärvård ökar, samtidigt som patienter efterfrågar en mer digital hälso- och sjukvård. Tidigare forskning har visat att digitala vårdmöten är fördelaktigt både för patienter och hälso- och sjukvården. Distriktssköterskor har en central roll inom primärvård, där de inom sin profession ska beakta den vårdande relationen oberoende av mötesform. Här kan det digitala vårdmötet användas som ett komplimenterande sätt att kommunicera. Syfte: Syftet var att belysa distriktssköterskors upplevelser av att arbeta med digitala vårdmöten inom primärvård. Metod: I studien användes en kvalitativ innehållsanalys med induktiv ansats. Semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med åtta distriktssköterskor verksamma inom primärvård i mellersta och södra delen av Sverige. Resultat: I resultatet framkom ett övergripande tema, Utmaningar med att utveckla framtidens primärvård, vilket beskriver distriktssköterskornas individuella upplevelser inom studerat område. Under temat framkom tre subteman. Konklusion: Studien bekräftar att distriktssköterskor inom primärvård upplever det komplext att arbeta med digitala vårdmöten, då det är en ny arbetsform inom traditionell omvårdnad, vilket behöver beaktas vid implementering. I denna studie beskrivs komplexiteten av att värna om den vårdande relationen samt hur kommunikationen kan påverkas vid digitala vårdmöten. / Background: Digitalization in primary care is increasing, as patients are demanding more digital health care. Previous research has shown that digital encounters are beneficial for patients and health care. District nurses have a central role in primary care, where they in their profession shall consider the caring relationship regardless the way of encounter. The digital encounter can be used as a complementary way of communicating. Aim: The aim of this thesis was to highlight district nurses´ experiences of using digital encounters in primary care. Method: A qualitative content analysis with an inductive approach was selected. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight district nurses, working in primary care in the central and southern part of Sweden. Results: An overarching theme emerged, Challenges in developing future primary care, which describes the district nurses´ individual experiences within the studied area. Under the overarching theme three subthemes emerged. Conclusion: This thesis confirms that district nurses in primary care find it complex to work with digital encounters, since it is a new way to work within traditional nursing, which needs to be considered during implementation. This thesis describes the complexity of cherishing the caring relationship and how communication can be affected in digital encounters.

This study explores the impact of digitalization on teaching and language development in primary school Spanish education. The aim of this study is to investigate how the use of digital tools in Spanish education at the primary school level is perceived by participants and to compare the perspectives of teachers and students regarding how digitalization influences instruction and language learning outcomes. A qualitative approach was adopted for this research, where semi-structured interviews were conducted with six ninth-grade students and three Spanish teachers who teach at the same grade level. The interviews aimed to gather insights into their experiences with digitalization in the classroom. Both students and teachers describe the advantages and disadvantages of the use of digital tools in Spanish subject, which is found to be easier and convenient by students. Digital tools have also become useful for teachers to manage communications and to provide variation in their classes and contents. Barriers as distractions and misuse of devices has been pointed out by both students and teachers. The results of this study show that fostering students' and teachers' digital competence is vital to enhance their classroom experience. By promoting informed and purposeful use of digital resources, teachers can support students' language development effectively.

This thesis addresses the pressing need for an efficient public transport system in response to increasing urban population and rising fossil fuel costs. The research aims to satisfy that need by answering the research question guiding this study is: "How can developing an SDI-based conceptual model, leveraging cloud computing, optimize public transport by integrating multiple travel data sources and overcoming data fragmentation and interoperability challenges?". The thesis adopts a design science research methodology. The research strategy employed is theoretical research, utilizing various methods such as literature review, theoretical sampling, theory testing survey research, brainstorming, prototyping, cognitive walkthrough, and expert opinion. The outcome of this study is the development of an integrated conceptual model that leverages SDI and digitalization to optimize public transport systems. The model offers a comprehensive solution by addressing the limitations of traditional transport planning methods, integrating multiple data sources, technologies, and stakeholders within an SDI framework. The model demonstrates efficacy, efficiency, and practical significance, setting the stage for further research and advancements in transport planning and optimization. Limitations of the study include the absence of detailed technical specifications, the confinement to a conceptual model without implementation, and the need for further adaptation and validation in different contexts. In conclusion, this thesis offers a valuable contribution by providing a holistic solution that integrates multiple data sources and technologies within an SDI framework. Stakeholders such as PTAs, planners, and researchers can utilize the findings to enhance transport planning and address data and interoperability challenges.

Denna studie undersöker äldres upplevelse och hantering av tekniken för vardagliga sysslor samt vilka problem som de kan stöta på. Syftet är att få en djupare förståelse för hur äldre personer mellan 65 och 90 år använder tekniken i sin vardag samt vilka problem de kan stöta på. Problemet som undersökts är att äldre personer riskerar att bli exkluderade från viktiga samhällstjänster på grund av svårigheter att följa den digitala utvecklingen. Frågeställningen som ska besvaras är: hur upplever människor från 65 år upp till 90 år i Sverige, vardagliga sysslor t.ex. bankärenden, informationssökning och kommunikation, som kräver att de använder den digitala tekniken? Med underfråga: Vilka problem har de med att använda den digitala tekniken? Forskningsstrategin kartläggning används för att samla in data om äldres användning av teknik för vardagliga sysslor. Genom intervjuerna fick deltagarna möjlighet att svara på några specifika frågor och berätta mer detaljerat om sina upplevelser. Resultatet från kartläggningen och intervjuerna användes senare som underlag för den tematiska analysen för att hitta olika teman och mönster. Studiens resultat visade att äldre generellt har positiva inställningar till den digitala tekniken. Trots detta identifierades också problem som äldre stöter på, såsom tekniska problem och brist på adekvat support. Vissa deltagare upplever svårigheter med att hantera den snabba utvecklingen. De berättade att de löser sina problem genom att fråga andra eller gå till SeniorNet. Studiens resultat kan bidra till en ökad förståelse för äldres behov och utmaningar inom teknik och vardagliga sysslor. / This study examines the elderly's experience and handling of technology for everyday tasks and the problems they may encounter. The aim is to gain a deeper understanding of how older people between the ages of 65 and 90 use technology in their everyday lives as well as what problems they may encounter. The problem investigated is that older people risk being excluded from important social services due to difficulties in following digital developments. The main question of this study is: how do people from the age of 65 up to 90 in Sweden experience everyday tasks for example banking, information retrieval and communication which requires them to use digital technology? With the sub-question: What problems do they have with using digital technology? The research strategy mapping is used to collect data on the elderly's use of technology for everyday tasks. Through the interviews, the participants were given the opportunity to answer some specific questions and talk in more detail about their experiences. The results from the mapping and interviews were later used as a basis for the thematic analysis to find different themes and patterns. The results of the study showed that the elderly generally have positive attitudes towards digital technology. Despite this, problems encountered by the elderly were also identified, such as technical problems and lack of adequate support. Some participants reported that they have difficulties in dealing with the rapid development. They said that they solved their problems by asking others or going to SeniorNet. The study's results can contribute to an increased understanding of the elderly's needs and challenges in technology and everyday tasks.

Manufacturing companies are undergoing a digital transformation as the fourth industrial revolution progresses. These companies strive to track their progress in the transformation, understand the affecting factors, and formulate an effective strategy for the transformation. Studies that have been conducted to date have explored various factors that can influence the transformation process in a range of fields, however, there is a lack of research in the manufacturing industry. Hence, the purpose of this research is to explore the enablers and barriers to digital transformation using the maturity model and the importance of having a comprehensive strategy for digital transformation in manufacturing companies. To accomplish this, empirical data is collected through a survey based on a maturity model and combined with interviews. The data collection is done at a case company that is currently undergoing a digital transformation and is facing challenges in further development. The main factors that enable the transformation is leadership support, knowledge creation, having relevant skills, employee involvement and continuous improvement culture. While the barriers to transformation are lack of top management commitment, absence of strategy, lack of financial investments, knowledge ambiguity, poor data management and highly customized products. Many of these factors are consequences of other factors, such as lack of investment which was found to be a consequence of a lack of top management commitment and strategy. Further, the lack of strategy is seen as a root cause leading to insufficient budget, employee resistance, discrepancies in perception among managers, and problems in prioritization of projects. The main takeaways for manufacturing companies from this report are to ensure top management commitment, continuous improvement, and formulation of a comprehensive strategy to succeed with digital transformation.