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Wireless operators adopting third-generation (3G) technologies and those migrating from second-generation (2G) to 3G face a number of challenges related to traffic modeling, demand characterization, and performance analysis, which are key elements in the processes of designing, dimensioning and optimizing their network infrastructure. Traditional traffic modeling assumptions used for circuit-switched voice traffic no longer hold true with the convergence of voice and data over packet-switched infrastructures. Self-similar models need to be explored to appropriately account for the burstiness that packet traffic is expected to exhibit in all time scales. The task of demand characterization must include an accurate description of the multiple user profiles and service classes the network is expected to support, with their distinct geographical distributions, as well as forecasts of how the market should evolve over near and medium terms. The appropriate assessment of the quality of service becomes a more complex issue as new metrics and more intricate dependencies have to be considered when providing a varying range of services and applications that include voice, real-time, and non-real time data. All those points have to be considered by the operator to obtain a proper dimensioning, resource allocation, and rollout plan for system deployment. Additionally, any practical optimization strategy has to rely on accurate estimates of expected demand and growth in demand. In this research, we propose a practical framework to characterize the traffic offered to multimedia wireless systems that allows proper dimensioning and optimization of the system for a particular demand scenario. The framework proposed includes a methodology to quantitatively and qualitatively describe the traffic offered to multimedia wireless systems, solutions to model that traffic as practical inputs for simulation analysis, and investigation of demand-sensitive techniques for system dimensioning and performance optimization. We consider both theoretical and practical aspects related to the dimensioning of hybrid traffic (voice and data) for mobile wireless networks. We start by discussing wireless systems and traffic theory, with characterization of the main metrics and models that describe the users’ voice and data demand, presenting a review of the most recent developments in the area. The concept of service class is used to specify parameters that depend on the application type, performance requirements and traffic characteristics for a given service. Then we present the concept of “user profile,“ which ties together a given combination of service class, propagation environment and terminal type. Next, we propose a practical approach to explore the dynamics of user geographical distribution in creating multi-service, multi-class traffic layers that serve as input for network traffic simulation algorithms. The concept of quality-of-service (QoS) is also discussed, focusing on the physical layer for 3G systems. We explore system simulation as a way to dimension a system given its traffic demand characterization. In that context, we propose techniques to translate geographical distributions of user profiles into the actual number of active users of each layer, which is the key parameter to be used as input in simulations. System level simulations are executed for UMTS systems, with the purpose of validating the methodology proposed here. We complete the proposed framework by applying all elements together in the process of dimensioning and optimization of 3G wireless networks using the demand characterization for the system as input. We investigate the effects of modifying some elements in the system configuration such as network topology, radio-frequency (RF) configuration, and radio resource management (RRM) parameters, using strategies that are sensitive to traffic geographical distribution. Case study simulations are performed for Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) networks, and multiple system variables (such as antenna tilts, pilot powers, and RRM parameters) are optimized using traffic sensitive strategies, which result in significant improvements in the overall system capacity and performance. Results obtained in the case studies, allied to a generic discussion of the trade-offs involved in the proposed framework, demonstrate the close dependence between the processes of system dimensioning and optimization with the accurate modeling of traffic demand offered to the system. / Ph. D.

Dieser Artikel beschreibt die Konzeption eines Bemessungsfahrzeugs für Lastenfahrräder anhand der Datenerfassung von 103 Fahrzeugen. Ziel war es, aus einer Vielzahl von Lastenfahrrädern, die im Privatsektor genutzt werden, ein „repräsentatives“ Bemessungsfahrzeug zu erstellen, das für verkehrsplanerische Maßnahmen verwendet werden kann. Dazu wurde eine Datenerhebung anhand von Online-Recherchen sowie der Vermessung von Lastenfahrrädern durchgeführt. Aus dieser Datengrundlage konnten 42 unterschiedliche Lastenfahrrad-Modelle mit vollständigen Daten für die Analyse genutzt werden. Auf Basis dieser Analyse wurde ein Bemessungslastenfahrrad entwickelt, das 2,60 Meter lang ist, einen Radstand von exakt 2 Metern besitzt, 1,20 Meter hoch ist, eine 70 Zentimeter breite Transportbox und einen 89 Zentimeter breiten Lenker aufweist. Die Nutzung des entwickelten Bemessungslastenfahrrads ist in der Verkehrsplanung, beispielsweise zur Dimensionierung der Breiten von Radwegen, Abständen zwischen Pollern und Umlaufsperren oder Parkmöglichkeiten für Lastenfahrräder, schon jetzt nutzbar, sollte aber durch eine Hüllkurvensimulation und eine Ausweitung der Stichprobe ergänzt werden.:1. Einleitung 2. Bemessungsfahrzeuge in der Verkehrsplanung 2.1 Relevanz in der Verkehrsplanung 2.2 Grundlagen von Bemessungsfahrzeugen: vom PKW zum Lastenfahrrad 3. Datengrundlage und Methodik 3.1 Angewandte Methodik zur Entwicklung eines Bemessungslastenfahrrads 3.2 Erstellung der Datengrundlage 4. Ergebnisse der Untersuchung 4.1 Auswertung der Lastenfahrrad-Maße 4.2 Erstellung des 85 %-Bemessungsfahrzeugs 5. Schlussfolgerung Literaturverzeichnis / This paper describes the design of a dimensioning vehicle for cargo bikes based on data collection of 103 vehicles. The goal was to create a dimensioning vehicle from a large number of cargo bikes used in the private sector that can be used for transport planning tasks. To accomplish this, a data collection was conducted using online research as well as measuring cargo bikes. From this database, 42 different cargo bike models with a complete dataset could be used for the analysis. From the analysis, it was possible to develop a dimensioning cargo bike, which is 2.60 meters long, has a wheelbase of exactly 2 meters, is 1.20 meters high, has a 70 centimeter wide transport box and 89-centimeter-wide handlebars. The developed dimensioning cargo bike is already usable in transport planning, for example for dimensioning the widths of bike lanes, distances between bollards and circulation grids, or parking facilities for cargo bikes, but should be supplemented by an envelope curve simulation and an expansion of the sample.:1. Einleitung 2. Bemessungsfahrzeuge in der Verkehrsplanung 2.1 Relevanz in der Verkehrsplanung 2.2 Grundlagen von Bemessungsfahrzeugen: vom PKW zum Lastenfahrrad 3. Datengrundlage und Methodik 3.1 Angewandte Methodik zur Entwicklung eines Bemessungslastenfahrrads 3.2 Erstellung der Datengrundlage 4. Ergebnisse der Untersuchung 4.1 Auswertung der Lastenfahrrad-Maße 4.2 Erstellung des 85 %-Bemessungsfahrzeugs 5. Schlussfolgerung Literaturverzeichnis

Purpose: The purpose with this work has been to investigate and map selected fireprotection methods in a number of projects. The possibilities and limitations with exposedCLT have been investigated. Method: The method consists of a literature study, interviewstudy, construction site visit and survey. The literature study has been carried out with theaim of presenting relevant facts to the subject and creating a basis for the interview study.The interviews were conducted with fire consultants for the work´s investigated projects.Two of the projects also included construction site visit, of which one of the projects belongsto the partner of this work, Peab. During the visits of the construction sites a tour of thebuilding were carried out and shown where the exposed CLT was placed. The results from theinterviews and construction sites visits are the basis for the survey. Results: The resultsshow that analytical dimension of the fire protection is required when constructing multistory residence with internally exposed CLT. Limitations with exposed CLT are due, amongother things, to the fact that untreated wood does not fulfils the requirements set in BBR forthe surface layer. Delamination contributes to increased fire load as the underlaying slats areexposed to fire. The current study contains two projects carried out with exposed CLT,Notuddsparken and ETC apartment buildings. The projects have dimensioned each withanalytical dimension but with different fire protection methods. Notuddsparken has beenconstructed with automatic sprinkler systems and the ETC apartment buildings have beenconstructed with fire protection impregnation of the exposed CLT. Conclusions:Conclusions established in the work shows that when using exposed CLT analyticaldimension of the fire protection is required. Most of the fire consultants in this work haveexpressed that they do not feel comfortable with dimensioning fire protection for buildingswith exposed CLT, based on the current state of knowledge.

This work deals with provisioning of communication services via satellites for collectively mobile user groups in a heterogeneous network with several radio access technologies. The extended use of personalised user equipment beyond the coverage of one single terrestrial network by means of a satellite transport link, represents an increasingly important trend in mobile satellite communication. This trend is confirmed by the commercial introduction of broadband satellite communication to mobile terminals mounted on vehicles, trains, ships or aircraft. This work provides a consequent and structured approach for provisioning of services to broadband satellite terminals for mobile user groups and addresses: -- a systematic satellite communication system design process for collective mobile terminals; -- mobile satellite modelling at a wide range of frequencies, including current and potential frequencies; -- an optimised Pointing Acquisition and Tracking (PAT) system design including characterisation of moments for vehicle types of all mobile scenarios; -- a general hierarchical multi-service dimensioning methodology for collectively mobile user groups, including voice, data, and multimedia services; -- an aeronautical system dimensioning scheme with (capacity and handover) requirements analysis and evaluation of results for different satellite scenarios.

A pesquisa teve por objetivo construir um instrumento para identificação da carga de trabalho da equipe de enfermagem em unidades pediátricas e realizar a validação aparente do instrumento construído. O instrumento para identificação da carga de trabalho da equipe, na área de pediatria, foi elaborado a partir da eleição de um sistema padronizado de linguagem, com a finalidade de comunicar um significado comum aos diversos locais de atendimento. Dentre as classificações analisadas, optou-se por utilizar a Classificação das Intervenções de Enfermagem (NIC). Para compor o instrumento foram selecionadas, na NIC, as intervenções e as atividades consideradas relevantes para a assistência de enfermagem pediátrica. Essas intervenções e atividades foram distribuídas em domínios classes, conservando-se a estrutura taxonômica da NIC. A seguir foram descritas em diferentes níveis, de acordo com a natureza das ações e o tempo estimado para a sua realização. Para a validação aparente do instrumento foram convidadas enfermeiras com conhecimento em cada um dos temas envolvidos na sua construção: Assistência de Enfermagem Pediátrica; Sistema de Classificação de Pacientes e Classificação das Intervenções de Enfermagem. A análise dessas enfermeiras considerou que as intervenções e atividades selecionadas, para a composição do instrumento, são relevantes e representam a prática da assistência de enfermagem pediátrica. Com a identificação das intervenções e atividades que representam a carga de trabalho da equipe de enfermagem, vislumbra-se o desenvolvimento de novas pesquisas, no sentido de realizar testes de confiabilidade e validade do instrumento, para verificar sua aplicabilidade na prática assistencial e gerencial, bem como correlacionar cada uma dessas intervenções e atividades com o tempo despendido para a sua realização, de forma a constituir um instrumento que determine a carga de trabalho da equipe de enfermagem das unidades pediátricas. / This research aimed to build an instrument for the identification of nursing staff workload in pediatric units and make the apparent validation of the instrument built. The instrument for the identification of staff workload, in the pediatric area, was created by the election of a standardized system of language, for the purpose of communicating a meaning in common to the several places of attendance. Among the classification analyzed, it was chosen to use the Nursing Intervention Classification (NIC). For composing the instrument it was selected at the NIC the interventions and activities considered relevant for the pediatric nursing care. These interventions and activities were distributed in group masteries, keeping the taxonomic structure of NIC. Next, they were described in different levels, according to the nature of actions and the estimated time for its accomplishment. For the apparent validation of the instrument, nurses experienced in each one of the following themes involved in the building were invited: Pediatric Nursing Care, Patient Classification System and Nursing Intervention Classification. The nurses’ analyses considered that the selected interventions and activities, for composing the instrument, are relevant and represent the practice of pediatric nursing care. Identifying the interventions and activities that represent nursing staff workload made it possible to predict the development of new researches in the sense of applying reliability and validity tests for the instrument, verifying its applicability in the practitioner and management practice, as well as matching each one of these interventions and activities to the time spent for its accomplishment, in a way to constitute an instrument that determine nursing staff workload in the pediatric units.

Les travaux présentés ici portent sur le dimensionnement et l’étude d’une machine à réluctance variable excitée par un courant continu homopolaire de type``Lyndell´´. De telle structure connaît un regain d’intérêt avec de nouvelles topologies pour des applications spécifiques. Dans le cas des travaux présentés, l’application visée est la conversion d’énergie éolienne avec un stockage inertiel. Cette machine a une bobine d’excitation qui est solidaire du stator et située entre les pôles saillants. Le rotor est massif et comporte deux paires de pôles dont les axes polaires peuvent être parallèles ou perpendiculaires. Le stator possède deux enroulements sur deux demi-stators de machine classique dont l’un est fixe et l’autre orientable manuellement suivant l’axe de rotation du rotor. Cette possibilité d’orientation permet à la machine d’être équipée de l’un ou l’autre des deux types de rotor. Le dimensionnement et l’étude de cette machine sont basés sur le modèle des réseaux de perméances. L’élaboration du modèle, par une subdivision de la structure étudiée en zones à induction homogène, est effectuée à partir de l’analyse des lignes de champ obtenues par la méthode des éléments finis bidimensionnels pour l’ensemble « dent - entrefer - encoche », et les autres parties de la machine (culasse, rotor) sont tridimensionnels. Ces éléments finis constituent également la référence pour valider le modèle développé et pour vérifier le niveau de saturation de la machine. Le modèle par réseaux de réluctance est ensuite utilisé pour dimensionner un prototype, à pôles parallèles ou en quadrature et pour en étudier les performances à vide et en charge. Enfin, le prototype réalisé est étudié pour les deux types de rotor. Les résultats expérimentaux, comparés aux calculs de simulation, montre des concordances très satisfaisantes / The work presented here is devoted to the dimensioning and the study of a switched reluctance machine excited by a homopolar D.C. current of Lyndell type. Such structure knows a renewed interest with new topologies for specific applications. In the case of work had presented, the application concerned for is the wind energy transformation with an inertial storage. The field coil of the machine placed in the stator and is located between the rotor salient poles. The rotor is massive and comprises two pairs of poles. These poles have parallel or perpendicular axes. The stator has two windings placed on two classical half-stators, one of which is fixed and the other is manually adjustable along the axis of rotation of the rotor. This orientation allows the machine to be equipped with one or the other of two types of rotor. The dimensioning and the study of this machine are based on the model of the reluctance network. The development of the model, by a subdivision of the studied structure into homogeneous induction zones, is made from the flux lines obtained by the two-dimensional finite element method for whole tooth-air-gap-slot, and the other parts of the machine (stator breech, rotor) are three-dimensional. The finite element methods also constitute the reference to validate the developed model and check the saturation level of the machine. The reluctance network model is then used for sizing a prototype with the parallel or perpendicular poles and for studying the performances in no load and with load machine. Finally, the realised prototype is studied for both types of rotor. The experimental results compared with the simulation show very satisfactory concordances

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:31:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Joao Marcos Menon .pdf: 3167428 bytes, checksum: 96cc8c447b8b6a9f07be5f85fb5733dc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-06-13 / Research regarding voice and data dimensioning models applied to Telecommunication Networks. For circuit switched voice networks dimensioning, the Erlang formulas are used. When it comes to newer data networks, a packet based dimensioning is required, and the complexity is significantly increased due to the diversity of applications and its multiple features. This work goes from the mathematical model (proposed by Erlang) applied to circuit switched voice networks to a mathematical model applicable to data services and packet based network dimensioning. User and application requirements are detailed as well as the correlation between them, which is key to understanding the dimensioning model. The mathematical model is applied (and a study case is presented) to an existing 3G technology (1xEVDO) in Brazil using practical input values. A computer program is generated to run prompt tests or different study cases. Then, the obtained results for the given case are measured in the field to validate the packet based network dimensioning model. Computer simulations are run to test the edge of the 1xEVDO technology with the aid of appropriate software containing queuing theory concepts. The experiments permit the correct visualization of the possible values that can be obtained and should be ignored on the dimensioning of a packet based network. Although ITU s 1xEVDO technology is used for the experiments, the dimensioning model is proposed to be applicable to any technology which needs packet based dimensioning and has data applications (i.e. other ITU 3G technologies such as UMTS and IEEE technologies such as wifi e wimax). The model is constructed, applied to study cases, tested on the field with practical values, promptly validated and pushed to the edge during simulations. / Pesquisa sobre os modelos de dimensionamento de rede de voz e de dados aplicados nas redes de telecomunica??es. Para a aplica??o de voz, as redes s?o dimensionadas a circuito, realiza-se um resgate do dimensionamento desse servi?o utilizando-se as f?rmulas de Erlang. Destaca-se, em seguida, que as novas redes de dados requerem um dimensionamento baseado a pacotes e a complexidade aumenta significativamente devido a diversidade das aplica??es e de suas m?ltiplas caracter?sticas. Evolui-se, do modelo matem?tico proposto por Erlang, aplic?vel ?s redes de voz baseado em circuito, at? um modelo matem?tico aplic?vel aos servi?os de dados a ser utilizado no dimensionamento das redes a pacotes. Detalham-se os requisitos dos usu?rios e das aplica??es, bem como a correla??o entre eles, que ? a chave para o entendimento do modelo de dimensionamento. Aplica-se o modelo matem?tico (gera-se um case) para a tecnologia 3G existente em opera??o no Brasil no momento, 1xEVDO com valores de entrada utiliz?veis na pr?tica. Gera-se um programa para ensaios pontuais ou diferentes cases. Medem-se em campo os resultados obtidos do case utilizado para valida??o do modelo de dimensionamento de rede a pacotes. Para os extremos da tecnologia, 1xEVDO, s?o ensaiados com a utiliza??o de um simulador de um software aderente e alinhado a teoria das filas. Promovem-se ensaios que permitem a vis?o correta dos valores poss?veis de serem obtidos e que devem ser ignorados no dimensionamento de uma rede a pacotes. Destaca-se que, apesar de se haver utilizado a tecnologia 1xEVDO do ITU para ensaio, o modelo de dimensionamento ? proposto a ser aplicado em qualquer tecnologia que necessite de dimensionamento baseado em pacotes e com aplica??es de dados (demais da terceira gera??o do ITU como UMTS e do IEEE como wifi e wimax). O modelo ? conceituado, aplicado em case, testado em campo com valores pr?ticos, convalidado pontualmente e extremado em simula??o.

O pronto socorro é uma unidade do hospital destinada à assistência a pacientes externos com ou sem risco de morte, que necessitam de atendimento imediato, cujo funcionamento se dá nas 24 horas do dia sendo fundamental a determinação do número necessário de profissionais de enfermagem para prestar assistência com qualidade satisfatória, pois a falta de profissionais de enfermagem com diferentes níveis de formação e a sobrecarga de trabalho aumentam o risco de ocorrência de falhas com prejuízo da qualidade na assistência ao paciente. Os instrumentos de classificação de pacientes são utilizados pela enfermagem em qualquer unidade assistencial e estabelecem as características da população assistida de acordo com a necessidade de cuidados requerida, sendo indispensável para a determinação das necessidades de pessoal e alocação quantitativa e qualitativa dos mesmos. Com o objetivo de caracterizar o perfil assistencial dos pacientes adultos durante a internação no pronto-socorro como um dos subsídios para o dimensionamento do pessoal de enfermagem desenvolveu-se uma pesquisa exploratória no método do estudo de caso, em um pronto-socorro, clínico e cirúrgico, de um hospital geral, público estadual que possui 24 leitos de observação e dez leitos na unidade de atendimento de emergências, localizado no extremo leste do município de São Paulo que trabalha com demanda espontânea do usuário. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram os pacientes adultos internados na unidade de emergência e nas salas de observação durante o mês de janeiro de 2009, os dados foram coletados por meio da aplicação do instrumento de classificação de pacientes de Fugulin (2002) que avalia nove áreas de cuidado (Estado mental, Oxigenação, Sinais Vitais, Motilidade, Deambulação, Alimentação, Cuidado Corporal, Eliminação e Terapêutica). Foram realizadas 1.228 avaliações, sendo verificados 91 pacientes na categoria de cuidados intensivos, 75 na categoria de cuidados semi-intensivos, 245 com alta dependência para assistência de enfermagem, 272 com complexidade assistencial intermediária e 545 com a mínima. Houve a constatação de muitos pacientes da psiquiatria internados no pronto-socorro a espera de vagas para internação na unidade especializada requerendo da equipe de enfermagem uma assistência diferenciada para a manutenção da integridade física desses pacientes. Verificou-se por meio do número médio mensal de atendimentos realizados que a maioria dos usuários do pronto-socorro não necessitava de internação mas foram atraídos para esse serviço em busca de consultas de rotina acabando por sobrecarregar a equipe multiprofissional que atua nessa unidade que apresentou uma taxa de ocupação média acima da previsão dos leitos oficiais disponíveis tornando a planta física inadequada para pacientes e profissionais devido às internações em macas pelos corredores, reflexo da falta de um serviço de regulação. / The emergency medical service is the hospital ward designated to outpatient care with or without death risk for those who need immediate care, whose attendance is 24 hours a day, being essential the determination of a required number of nursing professionals for delivering satisfactory quality care, since the lack of nursing professionals with different levels of background and work overload increase the risk of errors, impairing the quality of patient care. The instruments of patient classification are used by nursing in any care ward and set up the characteristics of the population assisted, according to the need of care required, being vital for determining the personnel needs and its quantitative and qualitative allocation. Aiming to characterize the adult patient care profile throughout the admission at the emergency medical service, as a support for nursing personnel dimensioning, it was developed an exploratory research in a study of case method, at a clinic and surgical emergency room of a general, public state hospital that holds 24 observation beds and 10 beds at the emergency attendance ward, located at the extreme east of São Paulo city and which works with spontaneous demand of users. The subjects of research were adult patients admitted at the emergency ward and the observation rooms throughout the month of January, 2009. Data was collected through the application of an instrument of patient classification by Fugulin (2002), which evaluates nine care areas (Mental Status, Oxygenation, Vital Signs, Motility, walking, Feeding, Body Care, Elimination and Therapeutics). It was made 1228 evaluations, in which 91 patients in the intensive care category were verified, 75 in the semiintensive care, 245 with high dependence of nursing care, 272 with intermediate care complexity and 545 with minimal one. There was the evidence of many psychiatric patients admitted in the emergency room waiting for a vacancy in the specialized ward requiring from the nursing staff special care for keeping the physical integrity of those patients. It was verified by the monthly average number of attendance that most emergency room users didnt need admission, but they were attracted to this service in search for routine appointments, leading to overload the multi-professional team that works in this ward, which presented an average occupancy rate above the prediction of official beds available, making the physical space inadequate for patients and professionals, due to the admissions in beds spread in corridors, result of lack of service control.

O objetivo deste trabalho é utilizar o método do tráfego aleatório equivalente para analisar e dimensionar redes ópticas sem comutação para arquitetura de nível único. Uma modelagem analítica, baseada nesse método, que possibilita otimizar os parâmetros da rede considerando padrões mínimos de desempenho é descrita. A rede em estudo utiliza apenas um nó, onde se realizam as funções de roteamento passivo. Em anexo ao nó existem seqüências de conversores de comprimentos de onda gerenciados por um controlador de rede. A estrutura da rede consiste de um certo número de redes ópticas passivas (PONs) conectadas às portas do nó. Essas PONs são distribuídas pela área geográfica onde estão os clientes a serem atendidos. O acesso ao meio constituído pelas PONs é disciplinado por meio da utilização de um esquema WDMA / TDMA administrado pelo controlador de rede. Os comprimentos de onda pertinentes a cada PON conectada a uma porta de entrada do nó são alocados de tal forma que cada um deles se direciona a uma diferente porta de saída e, por conseguinte, a uma diferente PON de destino. Uma conexão entre dois terminais é estabelecida pela seleção de um intervalo de tempo (slot de tempo) pertinente ao comprimento de onda que conecta suas respectivas PONs através do nó. Caso esse comprimento de onda já esteja com sua capacidade plenamente utilizada, conexões adicionais podem ser estabelecidas utilizando-se um comprimento de onda direcionado a uma seqüência de conversores de comprimentos de onda anexa ao nó. Após a conversão, é utilizado outro comprimento de onda que é direcionado pelo nó à PON de destino. A modelagem analítica investigada é utilizada para obter as relações entre os parâmetros da rede, possibilitando a escolha dos seus melhores valores. / The purpose of this work is to use the equivalent random traffic method for analysis and dimensioning of switchless optical networks for single-layer architecture. This work reports an analytical model that allows the network dimensioning according to some relevant design parameters and the required system performance. The analyzed network is based on a single node providing passive routing functions. Wavelength converter arrays, controlled by a network controller, are added in the node. The network structure consists of a set of passive optical networks (PONs) connected to the node ports. Those PONs are distributed along the geographical area where the customers to be assisted are. The access to the medium constituted by the PONs is disciplined through the use of a WDMA / TDMA scheme administered by the network controller. The pertinent wavelengths to each PON connected to an input port of the node are allocated in such a way that each one is addressed to a different output port and, consequently, to a different destination PON. A connection between two terminals is set up by the selection of a time slot pertinent to the wavelength that connects its respective PONs through the node. If the capacity of the wavelength is fully used, additional connections can be established by the use of wavelength directed to a wavelength converter array enclosed to the node. After the conversion, another wavelength addressed by the node to the destination PON is used. The connections achieved between the network parameters are detailed to allow the choice of the best network parameters.