Syfte med studien var att undersöka vilka faktorer som kan påverka motivationen hos arbetstagare mellan 55 och 70 år att eventuellt vilja förlänga sina arbetsliv, och avsåg att studera serviceroller inom den privata sektorn. Studien har en kvalitativ forskningsansats, där data insamlades genom semistrukturerade intervjuer. Genom ett målstyrt bekvämlighetsurval identifierades 11 deltagare, inom åldersspannet 57–70 år. Analysen av insamlade data utfördes sedan genom en tematisk analysmetod och genererade i fyra teman: goda arbetsförhållanden, upplevelsen av ett meningsfullt arbete, identitet och känslor kopplat till ålder, samt ekonomi och hälsa som grundläggande förutsättningar. Resultatet visade att ett flertal faktorer påverkade deltagarnas motivation till att eventuellt fortsätta arbeta längre. Avslutningsvis diskuteras studiens resultat i förhållande till tidigare forskning på området.

Bakgrund: På grund av skillnader mellan parternas intressen kan det vara en utmaning attupprätthålla en tillitsfull och konstruktiv relation mellan arbetsgivare och facklig organisation. Facket vill värna om arbetarnas rättigheter medan arbetsgivaren förespråkar utveckling ochtillväxt. Den svenska modellen bygger på att arbetsgivare och fack förväntas komma överens iförhandlingar. Uppnås inte detta kan facket orsaka låsningar som begränsar företaget att utvecklaverksamheten. I dagens snabbföränderliga företagsklimat kan detta få ödesdigra konsekvenser.Således är det intressant att undersöka hur den fackliga samverkan kan förbättras och påverkaföretagets konkurrenskraftiga resurser och förmågor. Syfte: Syftet är att förklara hur svenska företagsledningar uppfattar den lokala samverkan medfackklubben och dess påverkan på företagens konkurrenskraftiga resurser och förmågor. Metod: Undersökningen genomfördes via kvalitativa fallstudier bestående av sjukollektivavtalsbundna privata företag som hade en existerande samverkan med en lokalfackklubb på arbetsplatsen. Empiri har samlats in genom fokusgrupps- och djupintervjuer medföretagens företagsledningar. Empirin granskades därefter via enskilda inomfallsanalyser samt enkomparativ mellanfallsanalys. Uppsatsen har tillämpat ett abduktiv forskningsansats. Slutsatser: Studien visar att HR-orienterade och politiska perspektiv kan förklara den fackligasamverkans polariserade karaktärsdrag. Ett centralt fynd är att egennyttiga intressen ochvärderingar har en destruktiv inverkan på denna samverkan. Vid en konstruktiv samverkan kanlokal fackklubb även agera som en värdeskapande länk mellan ledning och medarbetare.Företagsledningen kan dessutom använda sig av värdeskapande och förebyggandeförhållningssätt och andra praktiska metoder för att styra samverkan mot mer konstruktivasamarbetsformer. Dessutom har studien visat på en främjande och begränsande kedjereaktion påföretagets organisatoriska och mänskliga resurser och förmågor. Dessa effekter har sedermera enpositiv eller negativ inverkan på företagets förutsättningar att utveckla sina dynamiska förmågoroch skapa konkurrensfördelar på den volatila marknaden. Vidare presenterar studien flera förslagför att förstärka eller rekonstruera de relationella förutsättningarna mellan parterna. / Background: Due to conflicts of interest, it can be a challenge to maintain a trusting andconstructive relationship between employer and the local union. The union aims to protectworkers' rights, while the employer wants the company to grow and develop. The Swedishmodel relies on employers and unions reaching agreements through negotiations. If this fails, theunion can cause deadlocks that limit the company's ability to develop its operations. In today'srapidly changing business climate, this can have fatal consequences. Thus, it is of interest toinvestigate how union cooperation can be improved and affect the company’s competitiveresources and capabilities. Purpose: The purpose is to explain how Swedish corporate management perceives collaborationwith the local union and its impact on the company's competitive resources and capabilities. Method: The investigation was conducted through qualitative case studies consisting of sevenprivate companies bounded by collective agreements, which also had an existing collaborationwith a local union at the work place. Empirical data was collected through focus group andin-depth interviews with the companies' management. The data was then examined though caseanalyses followed by a comparative cross-case analysis with a abductive approach. Conclusions: The study shows that HR-oriented and political perspectives can help explain thepolarized nature of union cooperation. A key finding is that self-serving interests and values havea destructive impact on this cooperation. In a constructive collaboration, the local union can alsoact as a value-creating link between management and employees. Additionally, companymanagement can utilize preventive approaches and other practical methods to steer cooperationtowards a more constructive direction. The study also revealed a promoting and limiting chainreaction on the company's organizational and human resources and capabilities. These effectshave a significant impact on the company’s conditions for developing its dynamic capabilitiesand creating competitive advantages in a volatile market. Furthermore, the study presents severalproposals to strengthen or reconstruct the relational conditions between the parties

Adjustment of a given age distribution to a desired age distribution within a required time frame is dynamically performed for the purpose of Human Resource (HR) planning in Human Resource Management (HRM). The adjustment process is carried out by adding the adjustment magnitudes to the existing number of employees at the selected age groups on the yearly basis. A model of a discrete dynamical system is employed to emulate the evolution of the age distribution used under the adjustment process. Genetic Algorithms (GA) is applied for determining the adjustment magnitudes that influence the dynamics of the system. An interesting aspect of the problem lies in the high number of constraints; though the constraints are fundamental, they are considerably higher in number than in many other optimization problems. An adaptive penalty scheme is proposed for handling the constraints. Numerical examples show that GA with the utilized adaptive penalty scheme provides potential means for HR planning in HRM.

Bakgrund och syfte: Bristen på forskning om HR-funktionens organisatoriska och sociala arbetsmiljö inom kommuner resulterade i syftet att bidra medfördjupad förståelse för deras arbetsvillkor. Undersökning av HR-praktikersupplevelser strävar efter att öka medvetenheten och kunskapen för bådeHR-funktionen och kommuner som helhet. Frågeställningar: Hur beskrivs HR-praktikers OSA? Vilka utmaningar upplevs? Vilka åtgärder kan vidtas? Metod: En induktiv kvalitativ ansats med semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes på tio HR-praktiker från svenska kommuner. Resultat: Två teman och åtta underteman identifierades: En mångfacetterad och komplex roll, med underteman: Otydliga förväntningar, ständigt vara tillgänglig, daglig balansgång och att förhålla sig till andras beslut. Förståelse, kommunikation och utveckling utgör värdefullt stöd, med underteman: Stödets betydelse och begränsningar, det är komplext att utveckla ett kontaktnät, engagemang och intresse är avgörande för arbetsmiljöfrågor och beroende avutveckling. Slutsatser: Resultaten från denna första kvalitativa studie indikerar att det är fortsatt relevant att studera arbetsmiljöns betydelse för HR-praktiker.

The purpose of the diploma thesis is the analysis of the human resource management in the selected medium-sized company and on the basis of the acquired results suggest the arrangements for improvement of this system. For research purposes of the thesis was selected a midsize company MOTOR JIKOV Fostron plc, operating in the engineering and foundry industries. The thesis is divided into literary and analytical part. Literary part is based on information related to the management of human resources, characteristics of midsize enterprises, personnel work and personal activities within midsize companies and it is based on domestic and foreign literary sources. The analytical part deals with analysis of selected personnel activities in the company MOTOR JIKOV Fostron plc and proposing more effective function in these areas. The obtained information allow to suggest the arrangements for improvement of this system.

The purpose of the diploma thesis is the analysis of the human resource management (HRM) in the selected small companies. On the basis of the acquired results suggest the arrangements for improvement of this system. In order to conduct the research, more small companies were addressed. Only three entities were willing to provide the information. The company specialized in the sale of sport goods, the agricultural company and the centre for social services were participated in the research. All three companies have their seat in the South Bohemia. The thesis is divided into theoretical and analytical part. Theoretical part provides information about HRM issue in small companies, basic terms concerning HRM and definition of small companies including their role in the economic system are mentioned. In the analytical part there are briefly introduced the selected companies, the characteristics of the personal activities is presented and the questionnaires with important outcomes are propounded. The obtained information allow to suggest the arrangements for improvement of this system.

The dissertation is focused in detail on the topic of Talent Management - talent management in the corporate practice. The aim of the dissertation is to verify that the general trends of the current talent management are applied in the business (corporate) practice. The core of the initial part is the analysis of available resources to the topic of current talent management (vocational studies, outcomes of professional conferences, newspaper articles, publications and statements of respondents). The authentication part is based on a research study in the region of the former district Klatovy. The conclusion is divided into several sub-outcomes - recommendations for the respondents, including proposed timetable for implementation, a summary of the best practices in talent management, a description of talent management specification observed according to the focus and the company size, and also the indication of the possible pitfalls of talent management.

The globalization of business created a growing demand for internationally capable managers. Due to difficulties in “traditional” international assignments where home country employees are sent abroad (expatriate model) companies are looking for alternatives. One of these alternatives is inpatriation, which involves the transfer of subsidiary managers to the HQ and thus creating international diversity. Inpatriation was chosen as there is a smaller body of knowledge in the field which this paper can advance further. 3 Asian companies and their HRM strategies are compared: Toshiba, Samsung and Acer. Each company implemented a different type of inpatriation and the respective benefits and downsides are contrasted and discussed. The final chapter includes policy recommendations that point to the recommended courses of action for Chinese and Taiwanese companies who wish to internationalize their business operations and become global players.

The electro-optic technique of measuring the cardiovascular pulse wave known as photoplethysmography (PPG) is clinically utilised for noninvasive characterisation of physiological components by dynamic monitoring of tissue optical absorption. There has been a resurgence of interest in this technique in recent years, driven by the demand for a low cost, compact, simple and portable technology for primary care and community-based clinical settings, and the advancement of computer-based pulse wave analysis techniques. PPG signal provides a means of determining cardiovascular properties during the cardiac cycle and changes with ageing and disease. This thesis focuses on the photoplethysmographic signal for cardiovascular assessment. The contour of the PPG pulse wave is influenced by vascular ageing. Contour analysis of the PPG pulse wave provides a rapid means of assessing vascular tone and arterial stiffness. In this thesis, the parameters extracted from the PPG pulse wave are examined in young adults. The results indicate that the contour parameters of the PPG pulse wave could provide a simple and noninvasive means to study the characteristic change relating to arterial stiffness. The pulsatile component of the PPG signal is due to the pumping action of the heart, and thus could reveal the circulation changes of a specific vascular bed. Heart rate variability (HRV) represents one of the most promising quantitative markers of cardiovascular control. Calculation of HRV from the peripheral pulse wave using PPG, called pulse rate variability (PRV), is investigated. The current work has confirmed that the PPG signal could provide basic information about heart rate (HR) and its variability, and highly suggests a good alternative to understanding dynamics pertaining to the autonomic nervous system (ANS) without the use of an electrocardiogram (ECG) device. Hence, PPG measurement has the potential to be readily accepted in ambulatory cardiac monitoring due to its simplicity and comfort. Noncontact PPG (NPPG) is introduced to overcome the current limitations of contact PPG. As a contactless device, NPPG is especially attractive for physiological monitoring in ambulatory units, NICUs, or trauma centres, where attaching electrodes is either inconvenient or unfeasible. In this research, a prototype for noncontact reflection PPG (NRPPG) with a vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) as a light source and a high-speed PiN photodiode as a photodetector is developed. The results from physiological experiments suggest that NRPPG is reliable to extract clinically useful information about cardiac condition and function. In summary, recent evidence demonstrates that PPG as a simple noninvasive measurement offers a fruitful avenue for noninvasive cardiovascular monitoring. Key words: Photoplethysmography (PPG), Cardiovascular assessment, Pulse wave contour analysis, Arterial stiffness, Heart rate (HR), Heart rate variability (HRV), Pulse rate variability (PRV), Autonomic nervous system (ANS), Electrocardiogram (ECG).

L’objectif de cette recherche doctorale est de contextualiser et d’analyser les raisons de l’intégration du coaching prescrit aux politiques de GRH de grandes entreprises en France dans les années 2000, en lien avec ses apports au management et à l’organisation. Sur cette base, la thèse que nous défendons consiste à montrer que, par son processus et sa finalité axés sur les relations interpersonnelles et les interactions sociales, le coaching peut être considéré commeun dispositif qui contribue à la régulation sociale en entreprise. Cette recherche, de nature qualitative, est structurée autour du cadre méthodologique contextualiste d’A. Pettigrew, dans lequel nous avons "enchâssé" la théorie de la régulation conjointe de J.D. Reynaud, afin d’analyser en quoi le coaching prescrit constitue une pratique RH vecteur de régulation sociale. Une première phase exploratoire de recherche a consisté à objectiver les pratiques de coaching, au-delà des discours des coachs véhiculés dans leur littérature, à travers une étude menée auprès des sociétés du CAC 40. A l’issue de cette première approche du terrain, nous avons mené quatre études de cas, dans de grandes entreprises en France, dans une perspective ethnographique et en situation d’observation participante complète. Elles ont consisté àtravailler sur sept missions de coaching au total, qui sont représentatives des différentes formes de coaching pratiquées aujourd’hui en entreprise. A l’issue de cette immersion, nous avons pu mettre en évidence la contribution du coaching àla mise en place d’espaces de régulation autonome et sa contribution à la régulation conjointe, par sa dimension médiatrice. Au-delà, nous avons mis en évidence les impacts spécifiques et innovants de ces régulations sur le management et la gestion des RH, ainsi que sur l’organisation. / The aim of this doctoral research is to contextualize and analyze the reasons for the integration of prescribed coaching practices to HRM policies of major companies in France in the 2000’s, in connection with its contributions to the management processes and organization. On this basis, the thesis that we defend is that, trough its processes and its focus on interpersonal relationships and social interactions, coaching can be considered as a practise that contribute to social regulation within corporate organizations. This qualitative research is structured around the methodological framework of contextualist research of A. Pettigrew, in which we have "embedded" the theory of social regulation of J.D.Reynaud, to analyze how prescribed coaching is an HR practice, vector of social regulation. A first exploratory phase of research was carried out, through a survey in CAC 40 companies, to highlight the real practices of coaching, beyond the coaches’ rhetoric carried in their literature. At the end of this first approach, we have conducted four case studies in majorcompanies in France, in an ethnographic approach and in a situation of full participant observation. We have been working on seven coaching missions as an all, which represent the different forms of coaching practiced today in big companies.At the end of this immersion, we highlighted the contribution of coaching to the establishment of autonomous areas of regulation and its contribution to the "Joint Regulation", through a process of mediation. In addition, we identified the specific and innovative impacts of these regulations on HR management and the organization.