Die Wirtschaftskrise der Jahre 2007 bis 2010 ist an der deutschen Industrie nicht spurlos vorüber gegangen. Neben den drastischen Einbrüchen in Absatz und Umsatz, war sie aber auch dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die betroffenen Unternehmen sehr verhalten mit Mitarbeiterentlassungen reagierten. Vielmehr haben die Organisationen an ihrem Stammpersonal festgehalten, um sich deren Know-how zu sichern. Infolge der Krise war der Tenor der Wirtschaftsteilnehmer, dass aufgrund der weltweiten Vernetzungen, sie den volatilen Konjunkturverläufen auch zukünftig ausgesetzt sein werden. Die Unternehmen müssen deswegen lernen mit ihnen umzugehen. Dabei rücken immer mehr neue Technologien in den Fokus, die innerhalb des Unternehmens, die Zusammenarbeit der Mitarbeiter verbessern sollen. Das Thema ‚Enterprise 2.0‘ nimmt zunehmend Form an, die Vorstellungen und Umsetzungen werden konkreter. ‚Enterprise 2.0‘ ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sowohl Mitarbeiter als auch bestehende Unternehmensprozesse und -kommunikation vor neue Herausforderungen gestellt werden. Der Autor des Beitrags nimmt dies zum Anlass, in seinem Promotionsvorhaben den Fragestellungen nachzugehen, ob für den Einsatz von Web 2.0-Technologien, den Medien, die bei Enterprise 2.0 Verwendung finden, eine neue Generation Mitarbeiter notwendig ist.

民國94年7月1日開始施行的勞工退休金條例，是政府近年來對勞工退休規劃的重要施政政策，依據此條例規定，員工超過二百人以上的企業，多了企業年金保險的選項可供選擇。而依據第14條第三款規定，勞工得在其每月工資百分之六範圍內，自願另行提繳退休金。勞工自願提繳部份，得自當年度個人綜合所得稅總額中全數扣除。本研究開始之時適逢勞退新制實施之初，並無企業年金中個人相對提撥之實際資料，因此藉分析個人年金保險保戶之屬性及對年金保險消費型態之探討，推論企業年金中選擇自願提繳之個人因素，供各界參考。 本研究整理與回顧國內外相關之職業退休金制度，並探討OECD各國企業年金的運作方式，以及國內年金市場的結構與產品。在實証模型上，則利用線性迴歸模型（OLS），分析影響年金保險保額的原因，並利用間斷性機率模型Probit Model 探討影響傳統型年金保險或投資型年金保險的因素。 / The Labor Pension Act, one of the major policies for the labor retirement planning of the R.O.C. government, was officially put into practice on July 1st, 2005. Based on the regulation of the Act, companies with more than 200 employees will have the Annuity Insurance as alternatives. According to the Article 14 -3 of the Act, a worker may voluntarily contribute per month, up to 6% of his/her monthly wages to his/her pension fund account. The full amount of the voluntary pension contribution made by a worker may be deducted from the worker's taxable income in the year concerned. Therefore, this research intends to analysis between the attributions and consumption behaviors of the employees joining in the policy of the Annuity Insurance, and then generalizes the factors why the workers choose the voluntary pension contribution policy. In this research, I would compare the pension policies used in different countries, look into the ways that the OECD are running their Enterprise Annuity policies, and evaluate the various pension policies. By using the real diagnosis Model, I would use the OLS to analysis the influences over Annuity Insurance Insured value and then use the Probit Model to explore the influences over traditional Annuity Insurance and the Investment Annuity Insurance.

Diploma´s thesis is focused on analysis of recodification of private law of the Czech Republic, which was released at the beginning of 2014. Attention is mainly paid on the part of the recodification of private law, which is connected with commercial corporations. The thesis is focused on the law number 89/2012 Sb., nový občanský zákoník and also the law 90/2012 Sb., o obchodních společnostech a družstvech, which are valid since January 1th 2014. The facts of findings are presented on a specific example of merger acquisition. The aim of this thesis is to point out possible problems connected with rectification and its following projection into the issue of company transformation.

Die Wirtschaftskrise der Jahre 2007 bis 2010 ist an der deutschen Industrie nicht spurlos vorüber gegangen. Neben den drastischen Einbrüchen in Absatz und Umsatz, war sie aber auch dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die betroffenen Unternehmen sehr verhalten mit Mitarbeiterentlassungen reagierten. Vielmehr haben die Organisationen an ihrem Stammpersonal festgehalten, um sich deren Know-how zu sichern. Infolge der Krise war der Tenor der Wirtschaftsteilnehmer, dass aufgrund der weltweiten Vernetzungen, sie den volatilen Konjunkturverläufen auch zukünftig ausgesetzt sein werden. Die Unternehmen müssen deswegen lernen mit ihnen umzugehen. Dabei rücken immer mehr neue Technologien in den Fokus, die innerhalb des Unternehmens, die Zusammenarbeit der Mitarbeiter verbessern sollen. Das Thema ‚Enterprise 2.0‘ nimmt zunehmend Form an, die Vorstellungen und Umsetzungen werden konkreter. ‚Enterprise 2.0‘ ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sowohl Mitarbeiter als auch bestehende Unternehmensprozesse und -kommunikation vor neue Herausforderungen gestellt werden. Der Autor des Beitrags nimmt dies zum Anlass, in seinem Promotionsvorhaben den Fragestellungen nachzugehen, ob für den Einsatz von Web 2.0-Technologien, den Medien, die bei Enterprise 2.0 Verwendung finden, eine neue Generation Mitarbeiter notwendig ist.

This thesis investigates Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) adoption and implementation in Service Sector Organisations (SSOs). ERP is a business management system that has emerged to support organisations to use a system of integrated applications to enhance their Information Technology (IT) infrastructures, enhance business processes and deliver high quality of services. Regardless of the fact that several other sector organisations have adopted and implemented ERP systems, its application in SSOs is rather inadequate. Among other reasons, two core rationales can be attributed to the latter fact – firstly, SSOs lack the sufficient knowledge, expertise and training to implement such sophisticated integrated systems and secondly, the top management lacks the ability to take appropriate decisions for ERP adoption and implementation. However, merely focusing on a number of factors influencing ERP adoption and implementation may not be suffice, as there is a need for a systematic decision-making process for adopting and implementing ERP systems in SSOs. The limited number of ERP systems’ applications in SSOs has resulted in inadequate research in this area with many issues, like its adoption and implementation requiring further exploration. Despite, the implications of ERP systems have yet to be assessed in SSOs, leaving ample scope for relevance and producing a unique piece of research work. Thus, the author demonstrates that it is of high importance to investigate this area within SSOs and contribute towards successful ERP adoption and implementation. This thesis makes a step forward and contributes to the body of knowledge as it: investigates factors influencing the decision-making process for ERP adoption and implementation in SSOs, prioritises the importance of factors influencing ERP adoption and implementation, evaluates ERP lifecycle phases and stages, maps the ERP factors on different phases and stages of the ERP lifecycle, and in doing so, to propose a model for ERP adoption and implementation in SSOs. The author claims that such an ERP adoption and implementation process in SSOs is significant and novel as: it extends established norms for ERP adoption and implementation, by including Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique for prioritising the importance of factors, thus, facilitating SSOs to produce more robust proposals for ERP adoption and implementation. The author further assess the proposed ERP adoption and implementation model by using a qualitative, interpretive, multiple case study research strategy. Findings from two case studies demonstrate that such a systematic approach contributes towards more robust decisions for ERP adoption and implementation and indicates that it is acceptable by the case study organisations. The thesis proposes, assesses and presents a novel model for ERP adoption and implementation in SSOs and contributes to the body of knowledge by extending the literature.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:28:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Flavio Lucas de Menezes Silva.pdf: 1492980 bytes, checksum: c577565f5b3d8f245ebe4d2528a18042 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-03-10 / This dissertation intends to study the doctrine of franchising under special perspectives. It aims to give an overview of the historical and structural development of this precept since its remote origins, in Brazil and in other countries, to better understand its legal forms of materialization and its legal implications, during the times and in the contemporary era. Using philosophical conceptions, such as the doctrine named Culturalismo and the Three-dimensional Law Theory of the author Miguel Reale, as well as the entailed theories of the Intellectual Property knowledge; Contract Law; and the Theory of the Company , this study aspires to apprehend the way the 3rd generation s franchising principle, known as the Business Format Franchising main object of this dissertation - is related with the present consumer society, the economic field and, specially, with other related legal precepts, such as the know-how, the goodwill, and, particularly, the business establishment. It is determined to understand the Dasein of franchising in the contemporary world / A presente investigação tem por propósito o estudo do instituto do franchising segundo perspectivas singulares. Procura-se dar conta do desenvolvimento histórico e estrutural do instituto desde suas mais remotas origens, no Brasil e no mundo, para melhor compreender suas formas de manifestação e suas implicações jurídicas, ao longo do tempo e no mundo contemporâneo. Partindo de concepções filosóficas tais como o culturalismo e a Teoria Tridimensional do Direito formulada por Miguel Reale, bem como, as teorias vinculadas ao universo da Propriedade Intelectual, do Direito Obrigacional e da Teoria da Empresa, este estudo intenta apreender de que modo o instituto do franchising de terceira geração, isto é, o Business Format Franchising objeto fulcral deste trabalho se relaciona com a atual sociedade de consumo, as esferas econômicas e, especialmente, com outros institutos jurídicos a ele relacionados, tais como o know-how, o Aviamento, e, particularmente, o Estabelecimento Empresarial, com o fito de precisar o seu Dasein no mundo contemporâneo

Den här uppsatsen baseras på studie som genomfördes på ett fallföretag under vårterminen 2015. Fallföretaget är Nordens största e-handelsbolag och har cirka 150 anställda. Studien baseras på flertalet hypoteser som skapats utifrån kritiska framgångsfaktorer. En kritisk framgångsfaktor kan ses som ett viktigt område att ta hänsyn till för att uppnå organisatorisk framgång. Ett informationslogistiskt perspektiv har präglat den här undersökningen. Informationslogistik handlar om att se innebörden av information samt sätta den i organisatoriska, tekniska samt logistiska sammanhang. Lindstedt (2014) påpekar att Amazon kommer att finnas på den svenska marknaden inom ett par år. Det är viktigt att svenska e-handelsbolag stärker konkurrenskraften. Affärssystem har enligt Beynon-Davies (2009) en betydande roll då organisationens processer och kommunikationskanaler påverkas av det. Wallström (2015) betonar att affärssystem blir allt mer centralt i organisationen då förståelsen för affärssystemen ökar. Tidigare forskning genomförd av Holland & Light (1999) påvisar bland annat att involvering av anställda och användning av öppna kommunikationskanaler är två betydande kritiska framgångsfaktorer vid implementering av affärssystem.   Studies syfte var att undersöka kritiska framgångsfaktorer med avseende på kommunikation vid implementering av affärssystem. Studiens teoretiska ramverk består av tre teorier och litteratur om kritiska framgångsfaktorer. Teorierna grundas i sociologi, informatik och kommunikation.   Undersökningen har genomförts med Exploratory Sequential Mixed Methods. Syftet med metoden var att verifiera eller falsifiera sex stycken hypoteser och att undersöka studiens praktiska samt vetenskapliga problem. Resultatet presenteras i form av sammanfattade intervjuer och stapeldiagram. Resultatet analyserades sedan mot det teoretiska ramverket och diskuteras gentemot vetenskapliga teorier, tidigare forskning och problemformulering. Studiens hypoteser är följande:   Projektledningens engagemang - Att projektledningen inte anammar projektet. Informationsflöde - Att informationsflödet är bristfälligt och inte uppdaterat. Involvering av anställda - Att anställda inte involveras på grund av tidsbrist. Strategi och planering - Att realistiska deadlines och ständig uppföljning uteblir. Identifiering av befattningar - Att det är otydligt vilka som ingår i projektet och vilka befattningar de har. Förstå kontexten av projektet samt e-handelsorganisationen - Att det finns otydliga definitioner av syfte, mål och vision.   Utifrån diskussionen har fyra av sex hypoteser verifierats. / This thesis is based on a study that was conducted on a company during the spring semester of 2015. The company is the largest eCommerce business of the Nordic countries, and approximately has 150 employees. This study, which has an information logistics perspective, is based on several hypotheses that are founded in Critical Success Factors. A Critical Success Factor can be considered as an important area for an organization’s success. Information logistics clarifies the meaning of information, as well as putting information in an organizational, technical and logistical context.   Due to Amazons entrance to the Swedish market, Lindstedt (2014) clarifies the importance that Swedish eCommerce businesses confirm their competitiveness. Beynon-Davies (2009) consider ERP-systems to be important to organizations since they are affecting the internal processes and communication channels. Wallström (2015) claims that ERP-systems are becoming more consequential to an organization as the understanding of the ERP-systems are increasing. The purpose of this study was to explore Critical Success Factors with focus on communication within an implementation of an ERP-system. The theoretical framework that was used in this study contains three theories and literature about Critical Success Factors. The theories are based on sociology, informatics and communication. The study has been conducted with an Exploratory Sequential Mixed Method. The choice of method is based on the aims of this study.  The aims were to verify or falsify six hypotheses, and also to inquire into the study’s practical and scientific problem. The outcome of this study is presented by summarized interviews and barographs. The result are then analysed and compared to the theoretical framework, and also discussed against scientific theories, previous research, and problem definition.    The hypotheses are the following: Project Management commitment - The project management does not embrace the project. Information flow - The flow of information is inadequate and not updated. Involvement of employees - The employees are not involved due to lack of time. Strategy and planning - Realistic deadlines and constant follow-up are absent. Identification of roles - That the project group is obscure and also what positions they have Understanding the project context as well as eCommerce organization - That there are obscure definitions of purposes, goals and visions.   Due to the discussion, four out of six hypotheses were verified.

D. Tech. (Department Logistics, Faculty of Management Sciences), Vaal University of Technology / The majority of business incubators in South Africa are supported by the Small Enterprise Development Agency (SEDA). However, a notable proportion of business incubators face a number of challenges to growth and development. Despite a number of studies conducted on business incubators generally, little information exists on the framework for the creation of business incubators. The concept of business incubation has gained prominence in academia in recent years as a vehicle for small business development. In view of the growing importance of business incubators, the objective of this study is to develop a framework for the creation of business incubators in South Africa. Business incubator managers, coaches, project specialists, and enterprise development practitioners were selected, being considered the ideal target population for this study. The study adopted a sequential mixed-methods methodology that commenced with a qualitative study and was followed by a quantitative study. For the qualitative study, data were collected from a purposively selected business incubator sample comprising nine participants. The principle of technical saturation was applied to ascertain the adequacy of the sample size. The trustworthiness and credibility of the qualitative study were achieved through pre-testing of the interview guide, bracketing, prolonged engagement with participants, peer debriefing, and researcher reflexivity. The analysis of the qualitative data was conducted using content and thematic analyses. The qualitative element of the study identified incubator prerequisites, situational analyses, operational processes/incubation strategies, and operational outputs as the main determinants of the framework for business incubators. In line with the methodology of the study, the determinants of the framework for business incubators that emerged from the qualitative study were further examined through a quantitative study. The data for the quantitative study were generated from a conveniently selected incubator practitioner sample of 121 respondents, using a structured self-administered questionnaire. Furthermore, the historical evidence method guided the determination of the sample size for the quantitative study. Prior to questionnaire administration of this study a pilot study was conducted to improve the accuracy of the survey instrument. The quantitative section utilised statistical data analysis procedures, descriptive statistics, reliability and validity analysis, correlation analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software was utilised to analyse the quantitative data. The results of the quantitative data analysis revealed that the framework for incubation presents incubator prerequisites (incubation entry of incubatees) as the predictor construct. This construct has eight sub-components, which are situational analysis (incubatees’ characteristics), key requirements, operational process, factor components, intellective capabilities, administrative capabilities, market force engineering, and strategic resourcing (impact) with KPIs. The mediating construct is business incubator performance (incubation process—industry coaches, governance structure, and entrepreneurial focus), which in turn leads to monitoring and evaluation (incubation output—graduation phase, impact, and follow-ups). The relationships between these constructs were tested. In order to verify the reliability of the measurement items of the current study, Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, the item-to-total values and composite reliability were computed. The validity of the survey instrument was enhanced through content, convergent, discriminant and predictive validities. In addition, the reliability and validity measures employed in the present study showed that the survey instrument utilised in the quantitative study was both reliable and valid. The study is significant in terms of its theoretical and business incubation policy implications. Theoretically, the study provides a comparative impression of the South African business incubation perspective and current trends in the ecosystem. Thus, future researchers, particularly in developing countries, may use the results of this study as a reference benchmark in terms of literature and research methodology. The various organs of the state, government agencies, as well as non-governmental organisations that are responsible for entrepreneurship development and the creation of additional business incubators, may use the study as a reference point in the generation of different initiatives aimed at improving the small business environment in South Africa.

The main problem analyzed in this work was the need to design and create an internal management system for small and medium enterprices, that would meet their particular requests on usability, extensibility and adaptability at available costs. As solution to this problem was deep analysis of available systems of that kind, and creation of our own system, that had met necessary requirements and even more – had some technological improvements, such as reduced number of users actions, necessary to make things done. This was implemented with the help of AJAX programming technique and a special framework, created for this system. This system can be used to manage projects in a small or medium enterprice, collect statistics about projects, staff work, distribute project tasks to staff and monitor the implementation. There also is an oportunity to generate various reports, such as summary of accomplished tasks for every employee, lists of project tasks and their status and so on. This system can be easily installed in any enterprice because of it‘s client – server architecture, where client connects to the server with the help of a web browser, that can be found in every computer, so there is no need to install system in all computers in enterprice. In that way maintenance costs are reduced, because all you have to look after is server with a system on it.

Die Zugriffslokalität referenzierter Daten ist eine wichtige Eigenschaft verteilter Anwendungen. Lokales Zwischenspeichern abgefragter entfernter Daten (Caching) wird vielfach bei der Entwicklung solcher Anwendungen eingesetzt, um diese Eigenschaft auszunutzen. Anschliessende Zugriffe auf diese Daten können so beschleunigt werden, indem sie aus dem lokalen Zwischenspeicher bedient werden. Gegenwärtige Middleware-Architekturen bieten dem Anwendungsprogrammierer jedoch kaum Unterstützung für diesen nicht-funktionalen Aspekt. Die vorliegende Arbeit versucht deshalb, Caching als separaten, konfigurierbaren Middleware-Dienst auszulagern. Durch die Einbindung in den Softwareentwicklungsprozess wird die frühzeitige Modellierung und spätere Wiederverwendung caching-spezifischer Metadaten gewährleistet. Zur Laufzeit kann sich das entwickelte System außerdem bezüglich der Cachebarkeit von Daten adaptiv an geändertes Nutzungsverhalten anpassen. / Locality of reference is an important property of distributed applications. Caching is typically employed during the development of such applications to exploit this property by locally storing queried data: Subsequent accesses can be accelerated by serving their results immediately form the local store. Current middleware architectures however hardly support this non-functional aspect. The thesis at hand thus tries outsource caching as a separate, configurable middleware service. Integration into the software development lifecycle provides for early capturing, modeling, and later reuse of cachingrelated metadata. At runtime, the implemented system can adapt to caching access characteristics with respect to data cacheability properties, thus healing misconfigurations and optimizing itself to an appropriate configuration. Speculative prefetching of data probably queried in the immediate future complements the presented approach.