The diploma work is called: The cooperation of psychosocial crisis workers and fire fighters. Psychosocial crisis workers and fire fighters meet at extraordinary situations - at disasters, where they are in the role's of helpers. The diploma work is written from the position of newcomer, who is learning how to do their job well. The aim of this thesis is to chart the areas and possibilities of the cooperation between these two professions which meet in practice, so that they can make their job well and in harmony with their own expectations and expectations of the others. The thesis bear upon specialized literature from Czech and foreign environment. Procedures and methodics are compiles especially according to the valid legislation and The Standards of psychosocial crisis help and cooperation. The thesis is divided into two parts - the theoretical and the practical. The theoretical part consists of definitions of basic therm, the desrcibtion of the psychosocial crisis help and cooperation and the work of fire fighters from the point of view of their values, principals, roles, impositions, targets of help and cooperation and their bearers. The central part focuses on the area of cooperation between them. The end of the thesis is devoted to considerations about good practice and some experience of it. The...

Ser bombero es una labor que conlleva diversos riesgos para la salud física y mental. Estudios previos sugieren que realizar la labor de bombero de manera voluntaria, y la carga laboral asumida como bombero, son dos factores que incrementan los riesgos de padecer síntomas de estrés post-traumático. Consecuentemente, el presente estudio tuvo como objetivo examinar la relación entre los síntomas de trastorno de estrés postraumático (TEPT) y la calidad de vida (CV) en una muestra de bomberos voluntarios de Lima Metropolitana con diferente nivel de carga laboral. Participaron 116 bomberos en actividad (84.5% hombres, M = 31.65 años, DE = 10.11, entre 18 y 66 años). Según el número de horas trabajadas, se dividió a la muestra en dos grupos: el grupo con carga laboral baja (n = 34, todos aquéllos que reportaron un máximo de 20 horas por semana) y el grupo con carga laboral alta (n = 82, más de 20 horas a la semana). Los instrumentos utilizados para evaluar los síntomas de TEPT y la CV, fueron La Escala del Impacto del Evento (IES-R) y el Índice de Calidad de Vida (ICV). En los resultados, se observó que todos los participantes reportaron bajos niveles de sintomatología de TEPT y correlaciones negativas entre sintomatología de TEPT y CV. Al comparar los dos grupos, el grupo de bomberos con alta carga laboral presentó mayores niveles de evitación, que el grupo con carga laboral baja. Se discuten las implicaciones y limitaciones del estudio, además de proveerse recomendaciones para futuras investigaciones. / Being a firefighter is a labour that carries a diverse set of risks for physical and mental health. Previous studies suggest that carrying out the work of a voluntary firefighter and the workload assumed, are two factors that increase the risk of suffering symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Consequently, the current study had as an objective to examine the relationship between the symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and the quality of life (QoL) in a sample of voluntary firefighters of Metropolitan Lima with different levels of workload. 116 active firefighters participated (84.5% male, M = 31.65 years old, SD = 10.11, with ages that range from 18 to 66 years old). Regarding the amount of hours worked, the sample was divided in two groups: Low level workload group (n= 34, every person that reported a maximum of 20 hours of work per week) and the High level workload group (n=82, more than 20 hours of work per week). The instruments used to evaluate the symptoms of PTSD and QoL were the Impact of Event Scale Revised (IES-R) and the Quality of Life Index (QLI). In the results, it was observed that all participants reported low levels of PTSD symptomatology and negative correlations between PTSD symptomatology and QoL. When both groups are compared, the High level workload group presented higher levels of avoidance. The implications and limitations of the study are discussed, in addition to providing recommendations for future research. / Tesis

Discussões sobre prevenção e controle de Infecção Relacionada à Assistência à Saúde (IRAS) deve ser irrestrita e ampliada a outros estabelecimentos de saúde. A literatura sobre controle de infecção é tradicionalmente fundamentada na prática do contexto hospitalar, e há uma lacuna quando se trata de atendimento pré-hospitalar. Além dos profissionais da área saúde, outros profissionais compõem a equipe entre eles, bombeiros e policiais militares, rodoviários e outros, que não tiveram em sua formação profissional conteúdo específico que lhes fornecesse conhecimento sobre a prevenção e o controle de infecções nas situações de atendimento a vítimas com potencial risco de contaminação por fluidos biológicos, sendo a educação, portanto, a arma contra a disseminação de doenças infecciosas. Objetivo: avaliar a eficácia de uma intervenção educativa utilizando mapas conceituais e indicadores de conformidade para higienização das viaturas móveis do Atendimento Pré-Hospitalar de uma capital da região centro-oeste do Brasil. Método: Estudo de natureza quantitativa, quase-experimental, a coleta de dados foi de julho de 2014 a janeiro de 2015. Participaram do estudo 34 bombeiros do Batalhão de Salvamento em Emergência (BSE) do Corpo de Bombeiros Militar do Estado de Goiás (CBMGO) que atuam nas viaturas de suporte básico e avançado de vida. O estudo foi desenvolvido em quatro fases: Elaboração e validação de conteúdo do indicador de conformidade para higienização das viaturas; Avaliação da conformidade da higienização das viaturas antes da capacitação; Intervenção Educativa e Avaliação da conformidade da higienização das viaturas após intervenção. Foi aplicado um questionário antes da intervenção e 30 dias depois. Os indicadores de conformidade foram validados por um corpo de oito juízes com cálculo do Índice de Validade de Conteúdo (IVC 70%). A avaliação da eficácia da capacitação foi feita pelo teste de McNemar, sendo considerado p 0,05. A capacitação dos profissionais foi baseada na teoria da aprendizagem significativa de David Ausubel e da construção de um mapa conceitual idealizado por Joseph Novak. Resultados: Dos 71 indicadores de conformidade, foram excluídos 26, totalizando 45 indicadores. Na avaliação pré-intervenção, somente um (2,9%) socorrista sabia definir limpeza, quatro (11,8%) sabiam o conceito de desinfecção, 14 (41,2%) sabiam da importância de se higienizar a viatura e do uso de EPI. Após intervenção no total três (8,8%) bombeiros sabiam conceituar limpeza, cinco (14,7%), desinfecção, quanto à importância da limpeza e desinfecção 16 (47,1%) e em relação à importância do uso de EPI foram 15 (44,1%) A observação do procedimento de higienização melhorou quanto aos parâmetros de secagem da viatura após a lavagem (p=0,004) e desinfecção da viatura (p=0,002). Os dados mostram que após o curso teve uma ligeira melhora no número de questões corretas, sendo estatisticamente significativa (p=0,021). Conclusão: a intervenção educativa utilizando uma metodologia ativa com a construção de mapas conceituais não se mostrou totalmente eficaz. A observação dos procedimentos de higienização das viaturas manteve-se no mesmo padrão, exceto para secagem e desinfecção; os bombeiros socorristas não melhoraram o conhecimento da definição de limpeza e desinfecção e o entendimento da importância de se higienizar a viatura e o uso de EPIs. / Discussions on prevention and control of infection Related to Health Care (IRHC) should be unrestricted and expanded to other health care facilities. The literature on infection control is traditionally based on the practice of hospital context, and there is a gap when it comes to pre-hospital care. In addition to health care professionals, other professionals make up the team, firefighters, police officers and others who have not taken their training specific content to provide them with knowledge about prevention and control of infections in situations with potential risk of contamination by biological fluids, therefore, education is the weapon against the spread of infectious diseases. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of an educational intervention using concept maps and compliance indicators for cleaning of mobile cars of Prehospital care from a capital of the midwestern region of Brazil. Method: quantitative study, quasi-experimental, data collection was from July 2014 to January 2015. The study included 34 firefighters Rescue Battalion Emergency (BSE) of the Fire Brigade of the State of Goiás working in basic and advanced life support vehicles. The study was developed in four phases: Development and content validity of compliance indicator for cleaning of vehicles; Conformity assessment of the cleaning of vehicles before training; Educational Intervention and Conformity assessment of the cleaning of vehicles after intervention. A questionnaire was applied before the intervention and 30 days after. Compliance indicators were validated by an 8 experts judge with Content Validity Index (IVC 70%). The evaluation of training effectiveness was taken by McNemar test, being considered p 0.05. The training of professionals was based on the theory of meaningful learning of David Ausubel and the construction of a conceptual map designed by Joseph Novak. The data show that after the course there was a slight improvement in the number of correct questions, being statistically significant (p = 0.021) and that the course brought a homogenization knowledge given to reducing the standard deviation. Results: Of the 71 indicators of compliance, 26 were excluded, totaling 45 indicators.The pre-intervention assessment, only one (2.9%) rescuer knew cleaning definition, four (11.8%) knew the concept of disinfection, 14 (41.2%) knew the importance of sanitize the vehicle and the use of PPE. After intervention a total of three (8.8%) firefighters knew conceptualize cleanliness, five (14.7%), disinfection, on the importance of cleaning and disinfection 16 (47.1%) and of the importance of the use of PPE were 15 (44.1%). The observation of the cleaning procedure improved regarding these parameters drying after washing (p=0,004) and disinfection of the vehicle (p=0,002) Conclusion: The educational intervention using an active methodology and the construction of conceptual maps was not fully effective. The observation of the vehicles cleaning procedures remained the same pattern, except for drying and disinfecting rescuers firefighters have not improved the knowledge of the definition of cleaning and disinfection and understanding of the importance of sanitizing the vehicle and the use of PPE.

Ce travail de thèse s’inscrit dans un projet de conception de plate-forme d’apprentissage financé par la société STDI, société spécialisée dans le développement d’applications numériques à vocation pédagogique. Ce projet s’est déroulé au CERV (Centre Européen de Réalité Virtuelle) avec pour vocation de s’appuyer sur l’apport offert par les technologies liées à la réalité virtuelle.Dans la continuité de plusieurs travaux préalablement réalisés au CERV, notre démarche scientifique s’est attachée à introduire l’analyse de l’activité humaine en situation réelle de formation dans les boucles de conception d’une plate-forme de formation collaborative. Ce travail d’analyse a pu être réalisé en collaboration avec le SDIS 56 dans le cadre de la formation pratique des chefs d’agrès chez les sapeurs-pompiers. Ce travail s’est articulé autour de trois objets de recherche soulevant chacun des enjeux scientifiques spécifiques : étudier la complexité de l’activité décisionnelle des chefs d’agrès en situation d’intervention ; la coordination des équipes en intervention ; et l’activité des formateurs dans des situations de formation à risques.En faisant des choix méthodologiques s’inspirant de l’approche naturaliste, nos différents niveaux d’analyse ont pu mettre en évidence plusieurs résultats. L’analyse individuelle souligne pour le chef d’agrès l’alternance décisionnelle entre analyse de la situation et mise en place de l’intervention ainsi que l’importance des processus d’anticipation et de planification. L’analyse collective met en évidence l’articulation en cours d’intervention des activités individuelles de construction de signification en fonction des objectifs personnels et de la configuration spatiale et fonctionnelle de l’équipe. Enfin, l’analyse de l’activité des formateurs permet de préciser leur rôle de gestionnaire des situations de simulation ainsi que celui de facilitateur au cours des débriefings permettant une construction de connaissance a posteriori.La prise en compte de nos différents résultats a permis une prise en considération globale de l’environnement virtuel de formation et a ouvert certaines pistes de développement des outils pédagogiques déjà existants. / This thesis is part of a project to design a learning platform funded by STDI, a company specialized in the development of digital applications for teaching purposes. This project took place at the CERV (European Center for Virtual Reality) with the aim of relying on technologies related to virtual reality.In continuity with several works previously carried out at the CERV, our scientific approach has focused on introducing the analysis of human activity into a real training situation in the design loops of a collaborative training platform. This work of analysis was carried out in collaboration with the SDIS 56 in the framework of the practical training of chiefs in a fire brigade. This work was based on three research subjects, each of which raised specific scientific issues : studying the complexity of the decision-making activity of the operators in the situation of intervention ; the coordination of the crew in intervention ; and the activity of trainers in situations of risk training.By making methodological choices inspired by the naturalistic approach, our different levels of analysis have revealed several results. The individual analysis emphasizes the decision-making alternation between analysis of the situation and implementation of the intervention, as well as the importance of the anticipation and planning processes. The collective analysis reveals the articulation during the intervention of the individual sense-making activities according to the personal objectives and the spatial and functional configuration of the team. Finally, the analysis of the activity of trainers make it possible to specify their role as simulations managers and that of facilitators during the debriefings allowing a construction of knowledge a posteriori.Taking into account our different results, we have considered the global nature of the virtual training environment and developed some ideas for the improvement of existing teaching tools.

Hur kommer det sig att en organisation som brandmannakollektivet uppvisar en så låg kvinnorepresentation bland sina brandmän när andra organisationer med samma eller liknande förutsättningar, som polis och militär, uppvisar bättre resultat? Vad kan förklara den låga kvinnorepresenationen i den Svenska räddningstjänsten?Vi har i denna uppsats försökt förklara problemet med hjälp av nyinstitutionella teorier, så som homogenitet på organisationsfältet (isomorfismer) och professionens legitimitetssträvan genom omvärlden. Vi menar att det inte räcker att hitta och förklara institutionella faktorer och därmed en förändringströghet, med enbart isomorfismer eller enbart professionens legitimitetssträvan. De måste sättas i en relation till varandra.Det vi fann var att räddningstjänsten inte söker sin professionella legitimitet genom styrning från lagar och regler, och att denna ignorans skapar en norm på organisationsfältet. Ignoransen är en konsekvens av svag styrning från andra aktörer i organisationsfältet samt obefintlig granskning. Vi fann också att räddningstjänsten förvaltar och upprätthåller den norm som samhället har på brandmannen, som manlig och stark, genom att återkommande luta sig mot fysiska krav. Vi fann också att vinnande koncept var imitationslegitima på organisationsfältet.Jämställdhetslagar får svårt att få fäste i organisationen då det är vedertaget att inte anamma lagar om den inte faller inom normen för räddningstjänstens styrning. Inte heller kommer den att anammans så länge man förvaltar den norm om manlighet och styrka då den motsäger sig den normbild som professionen legitimerar sig med gentemot omvärlden. Enda gången man kan bryta de institutionella mönstena är genom ett vinnande koncept. Om en station med jämn könsfördelning uppvisar ett bättre eller effektivare resultat kommer detta med största sannorlikhet att spridas.

Orientador: Anna Diva Plasencia Lotufo / Abstract: Many environmental, economic and societal factors are leading fire brigades to be increasingly solicited, and, as a result, they face an ever-increasing number of interventions, most of the time on constant resource. On the other hand, these interventions are directly related to human activity, which itself is predictable: swimming pool drownings occur in summer while road accidents due to ice storms occur in winter. One solution to improve the response of firefighters on constant resource is therefore to predict their workload, i.e., their number of interventions per hour, based on explanatory variables conditioning human activity. The present work aims to develop three models that are compared to determine if they can predict the firefighters' response load in a reasonable way. The tools chosen are the most representative from their respective categories in Machine Learning, such as XGBoost having as core a decision tree, a classic method such as Multi-Layer Perceptron and a more advanced algorithm like Long Short-Term Memory both with neurons as a base. The entire process is detailed, from data collection to obtaining the predictions. The results obtained prove a reasonable quality prediction that can be improved by data science techniques such as feature selection and adjustment of hyperparameters. / Resumo: Muitos fatores ambientais, econômicos e sociais estão levando as brigadas de incêndio a serem cada vez mais solicitadas e, como consequência, enfrentam um número cada vez maior de intervenções, na maioria das vezes com recursos constantes. Por outro lado, essas intervenções estão diretamente relacionadas à atividade humana, o que é previsível: os afogamentos em piscina ocorrem no verão, enquanto os acidentes de tráfego, devido a tempestades de gelo, ocorrem no inverno. Uma solução para melhorar a resposta dos bombeiros com recursos constantes é prever sua carga de trabalho, isto é, seu número de intervenções por hora, com base em variáveis explicativas que condicionam a atividade humana. O presente trabalho visa desenvolver três modelos que são comparados para determinar se eles podem prever a carga de respostas dos bombeiros de uma maneira razoável. As ferramentas escolhidas são as mais representativas de suas respectivas categorias em Machine Learning, como o XGBoost que tem como núcleo uma árvore de decisão, um método clássico como o Multi-Layer Perceptron e um algoritmo mais avançado como Long Short-Term Memory ambos com neurônios como base. Todo o processo é detalhado, desde a coleta de dados até a obtenção de previsões. Os resultados obtidos demonstram uma previsão de qualidade razoável que pode ser melhorada por técnicas de ciência de dados, como seleção de características e ajuste de hiperparâmetros. / Mestre

La calidad de vida es percibida como el equilibrio físico, mental y emocional de la persona, que se puede ver afectada por diferentes factores como la presencia de dolor por trastornos musculo esqueléticos, obesidad, nivel de actividad física y hábito de fumar. En la población del cuerpo general de bomberos voluntarios del Perú estas variables pueden ser favorables o disminuir la calidad de vida. Objetivo: Verificar la asociación entre los factores de salud y la calidad de vida en el Cuerpo General de Bomberos Voluntarios del Perú Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de tipo transversal, observacional y analítico al personal del cuerpo general de bomberos voluntarios del Perú de Lima-Perú. Pertenecientes a la XXV comandancia departamental lima-norte, XXIV comandancia departamental lima Sur y la IV comandancia departamental lima. Se usó el cuestionario SF-36 versión 1 para medir la calidad de vida. El cuestionario nórdico estandarizado para medir la presencia de dolor por trastorno musculo esquelético, el International physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ) para medir el nivel de actividad física y mediante la medición de circunferencia abdominal la presencia de obesidad. Se hizo un análisis de potencia para la muestra estudiada. Se utilizó el T-Student para el análisis de las variables numéricas. Para el análisis de varianzas y comparar las medias de variable de respuesta se usó Anova. Resultados: Participaron 167 personas, la edad promedio fue de 37.5±11.3 años y 140 (83.8%) eran varones. Se encontró que 31% fuma. Así mismo, 141 (83.9%) tienen obesidad abdominal pero más de la mitad presentó un nivel de actividad física alto (57.7%). Dentro de las 8 dimensiones que comprende la calidad de vida, no hubo puntajes menores a 70%. 159 (95.2%) manifestó haber tenido un dolor de origen músculo-esquelético alguna vez en la vida, mientras que 122 (73.9%) reportó tener dolor durante el último año y 99 (61.1%) durante las últimas cuatro semanas. La edad tuvo asociación con la dimensión de fatiga (p=0,014) y bienestar emocional (p=0,002). La variable sexo tuvo evidencia de asociación con la dimensión de limitación debido a salud física (p=0.031); fatiga (p=0.040); y salud general (p=0.047). Siendo el grupo masculino el que tiene puntajes más altos. De la misma manera, el tiempo de servicio como bombero afectó dimensiones como el funcionamiento físico (p=0.013); limitación debido a salud física (p=0.007); funcionamiento social (p=0.006) y dolor (p=0.012). Respecto al reporte de dolor, el haber tenido dolor alguna vez en la vida estuvo asociado con las dimensiones de fatiga (p=0.003); funcionamiento social (p=0.044) y salud general (p=0.010). Mientras que el reporte de dolor en el último año se asoció con esas mismas dimensiones y con la dimensión de dolor (p=0.001). Finalmente, el reporte de dolor en el último mes se asoció con todas las dimensiones mencionadas y con el funcionamiento físico (p=0.009). Las variables de obesidad, fumar y actividad física no tuvieron asociación con ninguna de las 8 dimensiones de calidad de vida. Conclusiones: El presente estudio logró determinar la relación entre los factores de salud asociados a la calidad de vida y encontró asociación con la presencia de dolor por trastorno musculo esquelético, tiempo de bombero, edad y sexo. No se encontró asociación en los factores, obesidad, hábito de fumar y nivel de actividad física. / Quality of life is perceived as the physical, mental and emotional balance of the person, which can be influenced by different factors such as the presence of pain due to musculoskeletal disorders, obesity, level of physical activity, and smoking habits. In the population of the General Volunteer Fire Department of Peru these factors can be favorable or can decrease the quality of life. Objective: Verify the association between health factors and quality of life in the General Volunteer Fire Department of Peru. Methods: A cross-sectional, observational and analytical study was carried out on the staff of the General Volunteer Fire Department of Peru from Lima-Peru, XXV Departmental Lima-North, XXIV Departmental Command Lima-South, and the IV Departmental Command Lima. The SF-36 version 1 questionnaire was used to measure the quality of life. The standardized Nordic questionnaire was used to measure the presence of pain due to musculoskeletal disorders, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) to measure the level of physical activity, and abdominal circumference was measured to determine the presence of obesity. A power analysis was performed for the sample studied. The T-Student was used for the analysis of the numerical variables. Anova was used for the analysis of variances and comparing the means of the response variable. Results: 167 people participated, the average age was 37.5 ± 11.3 years, 140 (83.8%) were male. It was found that 31% smoke cigarettes. 141 (83.9%) have abdominal obesity, but more than half had a high level of physical activity (57.7%). Within the 8 dimensions of quality of life on the SF-36, no scores below 70% were observed. 159 (95.2%) reported to have had musculoskeletal pain at some time in their life, while 122 (73.9%) reported having pain during the last year and 99 (61.1%) during the last four weeks. Age was associated with the fatigue dimension (p = 0.014) and emotional well-being (p = 0.002). The sex variable was associated with the dimension limitation due to physical health (p = 0.031); fatigue (p = 0.040); and general health (p = 0.047) and the male group was the one with the highest scores. The service time as a firefighter affected dimensions such as physical functioning (p = 0.013); limitation due to physical health (p = 0.007); social functioning (p = 0.006) and pain (p = 0.012). Having had pain at some time in life was associated with the dimensions of fatigue (p = 0.003), social functioning (p = 0.044), and general health (p = 0.010). While pain reported in the last year was also associated with those same dimensions and with the pain dimension in the SF-36 (p = 0.001). Finally, the pain report in the last month was associated with all the mentioned dimensions and with the physical functioning (p = 0.009). The variables of obesity, smoking and physical activity had no association with any of the 8 dimensions of quality of life. Conclusions: The present study was able to determine the relationship between health factors and with quality of life. An association was found between presence of pain due to musculoskeletal disorders, time as a firefighter, age and sex. No association was found in factors of obesity, smoking and level of physical activity. / Tesis

Gender equality and gender equality work is relevant for today's working life, and previously male-dominated occupations may be increasingly under pressure to become more equal. This paper aims to explore and understand how the firefighters at a station are experiencing gender and gender equality in rescue services. Using theories of how sex is done, how a power perspective and a structural approach can show men's and women's different conditions in an organization, and theories that are more specific to gender and change management the firefighters talk about gender and gender equality are analyzed. Essay results were collected through interviews with seven firefighters and then analyzed and interpreted with the help of theories. The analysis shows that there is a perception among the firefighters that men and women are biologically different and that required physical strength legitimizes the exclusion of women. Inequality is seen as something natural and by pursuing an active gender equality women are given unwarranted benefits. When physical strength becomes a legitimate reason for exclusion, the responsibility for gender inequality is put on women and that women don’t have what it takes. There is also a resistance against gender equality analyzed in the paper, and it's stated opposition seems to be directed against the management's way of recruiting women. Respondents argue that management must reduce requirements for the employment of women, and therefore risk their and society's safety. Deeper analysis shows however, a perception that a woman can´t do the physical requirements and that women are not suitable as firefighters. The physical strength is not an individual characteristic that women can have, but it becomes part of the social performance of masculinity. It is not strength that firefighters are demanding but male firefighters, and resistance therefore appears to be directed against the representation of women in the profession that increases.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T20:30:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 3384.pdf: 1851084 bytes, checksum: a140bed78ac90f4e137da8290f8fae04 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-09-27 / Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / Current researches have elucidated the importance of social skills for the quality of social relations, the well being and mental health of people. Even though mental disorders, regardless of diagnosis, have in common difficulties and losses of social relations, an appropriate social skills repertoire can be considered as a protective factor for depression, anxiety and use of alcohol. Seems relevant to investigate this association and associated factors, because the correlations between social skills deficits and mental disorders, although some disclosures in the literature, is still poorly understood. It is noteworthy also that the job of firefighter has peculiar characteristics that involve risk and compromise the quality of life of these professionals. Considering these aspects, this project aims to examine the relationship between social skills and depression, anxiety and alcoholism among firefighters. Considering these aspects, the present study aims to examine the relation between social skills and depression, anxiety and alcoholism in helping firemen for possible clarifications and understanding of this relationship. It can be defined as specific objectives: (1) To characterize social skills deficits and reserves in this population and also measure indicators for the disorders, (2) identify which classes of social skills deficit are related to mental disorders, (3) relate deficits and reserves of social skills and indicators of depression, anxiety and alcoholism, (4) evaluate possible factors that are related to the repertoire of social skills, for example, working time, gender, job, education, marital status and hierarchical distribution. The sample of this study are 303 military firefighters from a medium-sized city located within the state of Minas Gerais. Participants responded to instruments: Inventory of Social Skills (IHS-Del Prette-), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Anxiety (BAI) and Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). Data analysis was performed by SPSS statistical software version 15.0 and included descriptive and inferential statistics. It was performed Pearson correlations to examine the relationship between social skills of IHS-Del- Prette and their classes, and indicators of depression, anxiety and alcohol found in psychological tests. It was conducted ANOVA of repeated measures to evaluate intragroup differences between means of different classes of social skills. Considering the social skills repertoire, 22,8% of the firefighters are in need of social skills, while 60,7% amounted to a good and elaborate repertoire. With evidence of depressive symptoms were found 9,9% of firefighters and 8,9% with indicators of moderate to severe anxiety. 72,6% of participants were abstinent or low risk drinkers, other 6,6% reported abuse or dependence. The main findings indicate that social skills correlates significantly in the negative direction with depression (r =-,292, p =,000) and anxiety (r =-,277, p =,000), and not correlated with alcoholism (r =,008, p =,895). Among classes of social skills to obtain a result higher self-affirmation in the expression of positive affect (M = 70,42) and conversation and self-confidence (M = 62,10). The correlation of the first class was negative for depression (r =-,170, p = ,003) and anxiety (r =-,146, p = ,011) and second also being (r =-,277, p =,00) for depression and anxiety (r =-,280, p =,00). Although these correlations are weak, they still are revelant because they indicate a trend in the association between social skills and disorders that should be further investigated. / Pesquisas atuais têm enfatizado a importância das habilidades sociais para a qualidade das relações sociais, o bem-estar e a saúde mental das pessoas. Embora os transtornos mentais, independentemente do diagnóstico, tenham em comum dificuldades e perdas nas relações sociais, um bom repertório de habilidades sociais pode se apresentar como fator de proteção para depressão, ansiedade e uso de álcool. Parece ser relevante investigar tal associação e fatores associados, pois as correlações entre déficits de habilidades sociais e transtornos mentais, apesar de algumas divulgações na literatura especializada, ainda é pouco compreendida. Ressalta-se ainda que o trabalho de bombeiro tem características peculiares que envolvem risco e comprometem a qualidade de vida destes profissionais. Considerando tais aspectos, o presente projeto tem como objetivo examinar as relações entre habilidades sociais e depressão, ansiedade e alcoolismo em bombeiros. Estão definidos como objetivos específicos: (1) Caracterizar déficits e reservas de HS nessa população e também aferir indicadores para os transtornos; (2) identificar quais classes de habilidades sociais deficitárias têm relação com os transtornos mentais; (3) relacionar déficits e reservas de HS e indicadores de depressão, ansiedade e alcoolismo; (4) avaliar possíveis fatores que estão relacionados com o repertório de habilidades sociais, por exemplo, tempo de trabalho, sexo, função, escolaridade, estado civil e distribuição hierárquica. Participaram deste estudo 303 bombeiros militares de uma cidade de médio porte localizada no interior do estado de Minas Gerais. Os participantes responderam aos instrumentos: Inventário de Habilidades Sociais (IHS-Del-Prette), Escalas Beck de Depressão (BDI) e Ansiedade (BAI) e Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). O tratamento dos dados ocorreu por meio do software estatístico SPSS versão 15.0 e incluiu estatísticas descritiva e inferencial. Foram realizadas correlações de Pearson para examinar as relações entre as habilidades sociais do IHSDel- Prette, bem como suas classes, e os indicadores de depressão, ansiedade e alcoolismo encontrados nos testes psicológicos. Foi realizada ANOVA de medidas repetidas para avaliar diferenças intragrupo entre as médias das diferentes classes de habilidades sociais. Sobre o repertório de habilidades sociais dos bombeiros 22,8% apresentaram necessidade de treinamento, enquanto 60,7% somaram um bom e elaborado repertório. Com indícios de sintomatologia depressiva foram encontrados 9,9% dos bombeiros e 8,9% com indicadores de ansiedade moderada a grave. 72,6% dos participantes se declararam abstêmios ou bebedores de baixo risco, outros 6,6% relataram uso nocivo ou dependência. Os principais resultados indicaram que habilidades sociais se correlacionou, significativamente, em direção negativa com depressão (r=- ,292, p=,000) e ansiedade (r=-,277, p=,000); e não se correlacionou com alcoolismo (r=,008, p=,895). As classes de habilidades sociais com maiores médias significativas foram Autoafirmação na expressão de afeto positivo (M=70,42) e Conversação e desenvoltura social (M=62,10). Para Auto-afirmação na expressão de afeto positivo a correlação foi negativa para depressão (r=-,170, p=,003) e ansiedade (r=-,146, p=,011); e para Conversação e desenvoltura social também foi negativa para depressão (r=-,277, p=,00) e para ansiedade (r=-,280, p=,00). Embora essas correlações sejam fracas, não são menos importantes, pois indicam uma tendência na associação entre HS e transtornos mentais que precisa ser melhor investigada.

Discussões sobre prevenção e controle de Infecção Relacionada à Assistência à Saúde (IRAS) deve ser irrestrita e ampliada a outros estabelecimentos de saúde. A literatura sobre controle de infecção é tradicionalmente fundamentada na prática do contexto hospitalar, e há uma lacuna quando se trata de atendimento pré-hospitalar. Além dos profissionais da área saúde, outros profissionais compõem a equipe entre eles, bombeiros e policiais militares, rodoviários e outros, que não tiveram em sua formação profissional conteúdo específico que lhes fornecesse conhecimento sobre a prevenção e o controle de infecções nas situações de atendimento a vítimas com potencial risco de contaminação por fluidos biológicos, sendo a educação, portanto, a arma contra a disseminação de doenças infecciosas. Objetivo: avaliar a eficácia de uma intervenção educativa utilizando mapas conceituais e indicadores de conformidade para higienização das viaturas móveis do Atendimento Pré-Hospitalar de uma capital da região centro-oeste do Brasil. Método: Estudo de natureza quantitativa, quase-experimental, a coleta de dados foi de julho de 2014 a janeiro de 2015. Participaram do estudo 34 bombeiros do Batalhão de Salvamento em Emergência (BSE) do Corpo de Bombeiros Militar do Estado de Goiás (CBMGO) que atuam nas viaturas de suporte básico e avançado de vida. O estudo foi desenvolvido em quatro fases: Elaboração e validação de conteúdo do indicador de conformidade para higienização das viaturas; Avaliação da conformidade da higienização das viaturas antes da capacitação; Intervenção Educativa e Avaliação da conformidade da higienização das viaturas após intervenção. Foi aplicado um questionário antes da intervenção e 30 dias depois. Os indicadores de conformidade foram validados por um corpo de oito juízes com cálculo do Índice de Validade de Conteúdo (IVC 70%). A avaliação da eficácia da capacitação foi feita pelo teste de McNemar, sendo considerado p 0,05. A capacitação dos profissionais foi baseada na teoria da aprendizagem significativa de David Ausubel e da construção de um mapa conceitual idealizado por Joseph Novak. Resultados: Dos 71 indicadores de conformidade, foram excluídos 26, totalizando 45 indicadores. Na avaliação pré-intervenção, somente um (2,9%) socorrista sabia definir limpeza, quatro (11,8%) sabiam o conceito de desinfecção, 14 (41,2%) sabiam da importância de se higienizar a viatura e do uso de EPI. Após intervenção no total três (8,8%) bombeiros sabiam conceituar limpeza, cinco (14,7%), desinfecção, quanto à importância da limpeza e desinfecção 16 (47,1%) e em relação à importância do uso de EPI foram 15 (44,1%) A observação do procedimento de higienização melhorou quanto aos parâmetros de secagem da viatura após a lavagem (p=0,004) e desinfecção da viatura (p=0,002). Os dados mostram que após o curso teve uma ligeira melhora no número de questões corretas, sendo estatisticamente significativa (p=0,021). Conclusão: a intervenção educativa utilizando uma metodologia ativa com a construção de mapas conceituais não se mostrou totalmente eficaz. A observação dos procedimentos de higienização das viaturas manteve-se no mesmo padrão, exceto para secagem e desinfecção; os bombeiros socorristas não melhoraram o conhecimento da definição de limpeza e desinfecção e o entendimento da importância de se higienizar a viatura e o uso de EPIs. / Discussions on prevention and control of infection Related to Health Care (IRHC) should be unrestricted and expanded to other health care facilities. The literature on infection control is traditionally based on the practice of hospital context, and there is a gap when it comes to pre-hospital care. In addition to health care professionals, other professionals make up the team, firefighters, police officers and others who have not taken their training specific content to provide them with knowledge about prevention and control of infections in situations with potential risk of contamination by biological fluids, therefore, education is the weapon against the spread of infectious diseases. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of an educational intervention using concept maps and compliance indicators for cleaning of mobile cars of Prehospital care from a capital of the midwestern region of Brazil. Method: quantitative study, quasi-experimental, data collection was from July 2014 to January 2015. The study included 34 firefighters Rescue Battalion Emergency (BSE) of the Fire Brigade of the State of Goiás working in basic and advanced life support vehicles. The study was developed in four phases: Development and content validity of compliance indicator for cleaning of vehicles; Conformity assessment of the cleaning of vehicles before training; Educational Intervention and Conformity assessment of the cleaning of vehicles after intervention. A questionnaire was applied before the intervention and 30 days after. Compliance indicators were validated by an 8 experts judge with Content Validity Index (IVC 70%). The evaluation of training effectiveness was taken by McNemar test, being considered p 0.05. The training of professionals was based on the theory of meaningful learning of David Ausubel and the construction of a conceptual map designed by Joseph Novak. The data show that after the course there was a slight improvement in the number of correct questions, being statistically significant (p = 0.021) and that the course brought a homogenization knowledge given to reducing the standard deviation. Results: Of the 71 indicators of compliance, 26 were excluded, totaling 45 indicators.The pre-intervention assessment, only one (2.9%) rescuer knew cleaning definition, four (11.8%) knew the concept of disinfection, 14 (41.2%) knew the importance of sanitize the vehicle and the use of PPE. After intervention a total of three (8.8%) firefighters knew conceptualize cleanliness, five (14.7%), disinfection, on the importance of cleaning and disinfection 16 (47.1%) and of the importance of the use of PPE were 15 (44.1%). The observation of the cleaning procedure improved regarding these parameters drying after washing (p=0,004) and disinfection of the vehicle (p=0,002) Conclusion: The educational intervention using an active methodology and the construction of conceptual maps was not fully effective. The observation of the vehicles cleaning procedures remained the same pattern, except for drying and disinfecting rescuers firefighters have not improved the knowledge of the definition of cleaning and disinfection and understanding of the importance of sanitizing the vehicle and the use of PPE.