Despite ample research in the fields of organizational behavior and human resource management regarding employee decisions to voluntarily opt out of corporate leadership positions, there is little research exploring the personal experiences of black women in U.S. companies contemplating leaving executive positions. This research leverages a qualitative interpretative phenomenological study to explore why Black women corporate leaders in the United States are leaving corporate America before reaching the C-Suite. Two studies were conducted to understand the lived experiences of Black women executives in U.S. Fortune 500 companies; moreover, study two further explored and detangled some of the themes from Study One to understand the experiences of the black women leaders in the pipeline for senior management more deeply. The findings identify several environmental factors, explored in depth in this dissertation, that impact executives’ decision to leave corporate America. The findings provide a foundation to understand further the impact of the corporate environment resulting in the loss of top diverse talent in this understudied demographic. These findings also provide critical information for the Black woman executive currently working in corporate America as well as those who have opted to leave early and would like to better digest their experiences. / Business Administration/Human Resource Management

Cette thèse se concentre sur la production d’Ada Cambridge (1844 – 1926) et de Mary Fortune (1833 – 1909), deux écrivaines coloniales australiennes aujourd’hui méconnues mais très populaires au cours de la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle. Nous nous intéressons à la représentation de l’expérience coloniale de ces femmes ayant quitté le Royaume-Uni pour l’Australie ainsi qu’à la manière dont leurs récits, majoritairement publiés dans des journaux, agirent sur le statut des femmes dans la société coloniale. Plus spécifiquement, nous étudions leur expérience en tant qu’écrivaines, c’est-à-dire le contexte de production et de réception de leurs récits, ainsi que leur représentation de la différence culturelle et de la différence de genre. Le corpus étudié contient des textes issus des archives littéraires australiennes, notamment des romans-feuilletons, nouvelles et articles de journalisme publiés dans des journaux de l’époque coloniale comme The Australian Journal, The Age et The Australasian. En inscrivant ces textes dans leur contexte historique, cette thèse révèle leur importance dans le contexte social de leur époque tout en mettant en lumière les choix littéraires de ces écrivaines, longtemps délaissées par une vision nationaliste et masculiniste de l’histoire de la littérature australienne. Cette thèse a ainsi deux objectifs principaux : enrichir notre connaissance de l’expérience coloniale australienne en prenant en compte des récits méconnus et étudier la poétique des oeuvres d’Ada Cambridge et de Mary Fortune au regard de leur contexte de production afin de réévaluer ces récits ainsi que leur place dans l’histoire littéraire australienne. / This thesis deals with the works of Ada Cambridge (1844 – 1926) and Mary Fortune (1833 – 1909), two Australian colonial women writers who have been neglected and long forgotten, yet who were very popular in the nineteenth century. It focuses on how these women, who left the United Kingdom to settle in Australia, represent their colonial experience, as well as on the influence of their narratives, mostly published in newspapers, on women’s status in the colonial society. More precisely, it is a study of their experience as women writers, a study that includes the context of production and reception of their work as well as their respective representations of cultural and gender difference in the Australian colonies. This analysis includes texts previously buried in the Australian literary archives, such as serial novels, short stories and press articles published in colonial newspapers such as The Australian Journal, The Age, and The Australasian. By inscribing these texts in their historical context, this thesis reveals their importance in the social context of their time and reconsiders the literary choices of these writers, long decried by the dominant nationalist and masculinist vision of Australian literary history and criticism. This thesis thus has two main objectives: developing our knowledge of the Australian colonial experience by taking into account little known or unknown narratives, and studying the poetics of Ada Cambridge’s and Mary Fortune’s narratives in the light of their production context in order to reassess these texts as well as their place in Australian literary history.

Comment un troisième fils d'une famille de noblesse récente eut-il autant de pouvoirs sur la province du Lyonnais, Forez et Beaujolais, sous le règne de Louis XIV, est l'interrogation principale de ce sujet. En effet, Camille de Neufville fut lieutenant général du roi en 1646, avant de devenir archevêque de Lyon en 1653, cumulant ainsi toutes sortes de pouvoirs à la fois temporels et spirituels qui se mêlent et s'entremêlent alors que lui les veut étanches. Il convient d'analyser au travers de deux mots-clés, "pouvoir" et "fortune", comment il put atteindre un tel niveau de pouvoirs, puis comment il exerça ses charges de lieutenant général et archevêque, comment il imprima matériellement ses fonctions dans le paysage au travers de résidences séparées et comment il ancra, dans la province, le pouvoir de sa famille, de manière visible en érigeant le marquisat de Neufville. Ensuite, il convient d'étudier par quelles ressources en influences, en hommes (les différents réseaux), il put se maintenir au pouvoir pendant plus de quarante années et ce qu'il en retira en terme de fortune. / How could the third son of a recently annobled family gather so many powers in the Lyon, Forez, Beaujolais province, under the reign of Louis XIV? Here lies the main question of this work. Actually, Camille de Neufville was lieutenant general for the King in 1646, before becoming Archbishop of Lyon in 1653, this holdong concurrently all sorts of powers that were closely intermingled, though he wanted them totally independent. Consequently, we will point out, through two key words, "power" and "fortune", how he could get to such a high level of powers, then how he fulfilled his offices as lieutenant general and Archbishop, how he practically imprinted his practice on landscape through separated residences, and how he anchored the power of his family in the province, in a patent fashion, by creating the marquisat of Neufville. Then we will study on which influential and human ressources (his different networks) he relied on to stay in power for more than forty years and what he gained in terms of fortune.

Bien que le scandale qui a accompagné la publication des Fleurs du mal ne soit plus un obstacle à leur diffusion, il continue à jouer un rôle dans la lecture de l’oeuvre de Baudelaire : le XXe siècle a fait du poète l’archétype de l’artiste censuré. En analysant la réévaluation de l’oeuvre de Baudelaire et la manière dont certaines Fleurs du mal ont été mises à distance, notre étude vise à faire l’histoire de la fortune du poète après le processus d’institutionnalisation qui a fait de lui un classique à la fin des années 1920. Nous nous intéressons au rituel de la commémoration littéraire à travers l’analyse d’un corpus d’articles et d’ouvrages publiés lors de trois anniversaires : le centenaire du procès des Fleurs du mal, celui de la mort de Baudelaire et le cent-cinquantenaire du même procès. Nous envisageons également la fortune littéraire de Baudelaire en France à partir de 1930, date à laquelle son oeuvre est considérée comme l’origine de la poésie moderne. Une analyse critique de la notion d’influence permet de réévaluer le statut du poète, à la fois modèle et antimodèle pour Pierre Jean Jouve, Yves Bonnefoy, Philippe Jaccottet, Michel Deguy, André Frénaud ou André du Bouchet, et de montrer que son apparent oubli, entre le centenaire de 1967 et les années 1990, est suivi d’un retour au lyrisme de La Cloche fêlée. Nous voulons enfin montrer que la patrimonialisation de l’oeuvre de Baudelaire n’a pas été suivie d’une complète intégration à la culture nationale : la « survie culturelle » de Baudelaire à travers les adaptations de son oeuvre, ses biographies ou ses portraits ne s’inscrit pas dans un processus de panthéonisation mais dans un culte multiforme de l’écrivain, résultat de l’institutionnalisation du scandale. / While the scandal raised by the publication of Les Fleurs du mal is no longer an obstacle to the diffusion of the book, it still plays a role in the reading of Baudelaire: the 20th century made the poet into the archetype of the censored artist. By investigating the re-evaluation of Baudelaire’s work and the rejection of some Fleurs du mal, my study aims at accounting for the history of Baudelaire’s fortune after the institutionalization process that made him a classic, in the late 1920’s. I am interested in the ritual of the literary commemoration, through the analysis of a collection of articles and of works published during three anniversaries: the centenary of Les Fleurs du mal’s trial, the one of Baudelaire’s death and the one hundred and fifty years anniversary of the same trial. I also consider Baudelaire’s literary fortune in France since 1930, a time where his work began to be seen as the origin of modern poetry. A critical analysis of the notion of “influence” makes it possible to re-evaluate the poet’s status – he is at the same time a model and an anti-model for Pierre Jean Jouve, Yves Bonnefoy, Philippe Jaccottet, Michel Deguy, André Frénaud or André du Bouchet – and to show that his apparent disappearance between the 1967 centenary and the early 1990s is followed by a return of La Cloche fêlée’s lyric. I finally want to show that the patrimonialization of Baudelaire’s work was not followed by its complete integration to national culture: the “cultural survival” of Baudelaire through his works’ adaptations, his biographies or his portraits does not belong to a pantheonization process, but to a multifaceted cult of the writer, resulting from the scandal’s institutionalization.

Sabaudia, « città di fondazione » italienne, est fondée en 1933, sous le régime fasciste. Elle fait partie du projet d’aménagement du territoire des marais Pontins, qui vise à assainir cette zone et à la doter d’un réseau de villes et de bourgs. Sabaudia va être qualifiée de « rationaliste », de « moderne », à la fois par la qualité de son plan, ouvert sur le paysage, et par son architecture.Notre attention s’est portée sur un ensemble d’indices concernant la réception de Sabaudia ; dès sa création se manifestent des confrontations entre les points de vue des architectes et ceux d’autres acteurs, notamment les politiques. La dévalorisation que connaît la ville suite à l’effondrement du régime fasciste est assez vite contrebalancée par les prises de positions, dans les années 60-70, de plusieurs intellectuels italiens engagés. L’intérêt des historiens pour la ville dont Bruno Zevi avait été le précurseur dès 1950, s’amplifie dans les années 80, ceci jusqu’à maintenant. À partir des années 2000, la ville connaît une mise en valeur de ses édifices, une patrimonialisation, qui reste néanmoins fragile, malgré la mise en place d’un parcours rationaliste et la restauration de certains de ses bâtiments.Ce travail de thèse, qui vise à écrire le récit d’une ville, contribue à explorer sous un autre angle le champ de la culture architecturale. Avec la notion de réception, nous cherchons à comprendre comment Sabaudia en traversant différentes périodes et critiques s’est trouvée impliquée dans une histoire plus globale, celle de l’Italie et de son rapport à l’architecture et à l’urbanisme. / The town of Sabaudia was built between 1933 and 1934 in the Pontine Marshes, Italy. It forms part of a sanitization and country-planning project led by the fascist regime. Its architecture is classified as «rationalist», «modern» by the quality of its plan, open towards the landscape and its architecture.Since its creation, its architecture has had an international impact and has given rise to deep confrontations between politicians and upholders of the architectural Modern Movement. After the war and the regime’s collapse, the city is depreciated but the positions of committed italian intellectuals during the 60’s-70’s change it. Historian’s interest, led by Bruno Zevi in 1950, has grown up from the 80’s until now. From the 2000s, the buildings of the city are promoted, registered as a common cultural heritage. However, despite the establishment of an urban rationalist route and the restoration of some of its buildings, this legacy is still fragile.This PhD dissertation aims at writing the story of a city, and at exploring in a different perspective the architectural culture. With the notion of reception, I try to understand how Sabaudia has gone throught different periods and critics, how it has been involved in a global history, the history of the Italy itself and its relation with architecture and urban planning. / Sabaudia, città di fondazione italiana è stata creata nel 1933, durante il regime fascista. Fa parte del progetto di bonificazione e di pianificazione dell’Agro Pontino. La città è stata definitia come «razionalista» a causa del suo piano, aperto sul paesaggio ed alla sua architettura «metafisica».La mia ricerca si é concentrata su diversi elementi che riguardano la fortuna critica della città ; a partire della sua creazione ci sono dei dibattiti tra i punti di vista degli architetti e quelli di altri attori, in particolar modo dei politici.La città conosce un deprezzamento dopo la caduta del regime che è velocemente contrastato negli anni 60-70 dalle posizioni di alcuni intellettuali italiani impegnati.L’interesse degli storici per la città - Bruno Zevi ne era stato il precursore fin da 1950 - cresce negli anni 1980, fino ad oggi. Dagli anni 2000, gli edifici della città sono promossi, e diventano anzi patrimonio (sebbene fragile) con l’istituzione d’un percorso urbanistico razionalista ed il restauro di alcuni edifici.Questa tesi di dottorato ha lo scopo di scrivere la storia d’una città, l’esplorazione di un altro punto di vista sulla cultura architettonica. Con la nozione di ricezione, cerco di capire come Sabaudia attraverso parrecchi momenti critici è stata coinvolta in una storia più globale, quella dell’Italia e del suo rapporto all’architettura ed all’urbanistica.

In our pervious study, the ethanol extracts from Eupatorium fortunei Turcz at concentrations of 200 ÷ 500 mg L-1 significantly inhibited the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa, which is the most common species, responsible for toxic cyanobacteria blooming in fresh water. o-Coumaric acid (or 2-hydroxy-cinnamic acid) isolated from E. fortunei was tested its growth-inhibitory effect on M. aeruginosa and Chlorella vulgaris at the concentrations of 1.0, 10.0 and 100.0 mg L-1 in the 96- hour experiment by the optical density and the analytical method of chlorophyll a concentration. Results indicated that the compound strongly affected towards M. aeruginosa at the concentration of 100.0 mg L-1 with the inhibition efficiency (IE) values of 76.76 % and 84.66 %, respectively while those for C. vulgaris were lower just of 60.59%, and 74.53 %, respectively. The obtained data demonstrated that two methods were highly consistent and o- coumaric acid was more toxic to M. aeruginosa than C. vulgaris at all tested concentrations (p<0.05). The images of M. aeruginosa and C. vulgaris cells under the light microscope clearly showed the damage of these cells under the attck of o-coumaric acid. Although o-coumaric compound was widely demonstrated antibacterial properties in previous reports, to the best of our knowledge, our study was the first report about effect of o- coumaric acid on the growth of M. aeruginosa and C. vulgaris. / Những nghiên cứu trước đây đã chỉ ra rằng cao chiết etanol từ cây Mần tưới Eupatorium fortune Turcz tại dải nồng độ 200 ÷ 500 μg mL-1 ức chế mạnh sinh trưởng của Microcystis aeruginosa, - loài phổ biến nhất gây nên sự bùng nổ tảo độc trong hệ sinh thái nước ngọt. o-Coumaric axit (hay 2-hydroxy-cinnamic axit) phân lập từ E. fortune được tiến hành đánh giá ảnh hưởng lên sinh trưởng của hai loài M. aeruginosa và Chlorella vulgaris tại ba nồng độ là 1.0, 10.0 and 100.0 mg L-1 trong thời gian 96 giờ thực nghiệm theo phương pháp đo mật độ quang và phân tích hàm lượng chlorophyll a. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy sau 96 giờ phơi nhiễm tại nồng độ 100 mg L-1 hoạt chất ức chế mạnh tới M. aeruginosa với giá trị ức chế sinh trưởng (IE) tương ứng là 76.76 và 84.66%. Giá trị IE đối với C.vulgaris ghi nhận thấp hơn chỉ là 60.65 và 74.53%, tương ứng. Hai phương pháp phân tích trên có tính nhất quán cao và o-coumaric ức chế sinh trưởng lên loài M.aeruginosa mạnh hơn so với loài C.vulgaris tại tất cả các nồng độ nghiên cứu (p<0.05). Ảnh chụp các tế bào M.aeruginosa và C.vulgaris dưới kính hiển vi điện tử đã chứng minh những tổn thương của tế bào dưới tác động của o-coumaric axit. Mặc dù o- coumaric cho thấy đặc tính chống khuẩn cao trong các công bố trước đây, nhưng theo hiểu biết của chúng tôi đây là nghiên cứu đầu tiên công bố về ảnh hưởng của hoạt chất o-coumaric axit lên sinh trưởng của M. aeruginosa và C. vulgaris.

Orientador: José Carlos Zamboni / Banca: Benedito Antunes / Banca: Luiz Eduardo Ramos Borges / Resumo: A presente pesquisa faz o resgate de informações a respeito de Osório Alves de Castro, a partir das quais futuros estudos possam emergir. Os dados para análise e síntese foram coletados por meio de entrevistas, diálogos e consulta às referências esparsas existentes sobre o autor em questão. O estudo, portanto, atende a diferentes linhas de pesquisa - a formação da fortuna crítica e a elaboração de uma biografia intelectual do autor, em que se dá ênfase à sua militância política e literária. / Abstract: The present research makes the rescue of some information about Osório Alves de Castro, in which the future studies can emerge from. All the data used for analysis and synthesis was collected through interviews, dialogs and existent esparse references about the author here mentioned. The study however goes through different lines of the formation of the critic fortune and the elaboration of an intellectual biography of the author, in which it emphasizes his political militancy. / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T20:21:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Leandro Ramos Goncalves.pdf: 5526962 bytes, checksum: c0a47b3eb7c3a3b87de0b0fe767dc90f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-09 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / In the widespread rhetoric of consolidation masks a paradox inside of the brazilian political scenario: the republican system was build in the prewritten institutions on the Constituitional Letter of 1988 as a institucional arrangement and after twenty five years of exercise didn t crumble in front of adversity, like had always happened in Brazil s politics; however, researchs about people s political imaginary doesn t show a remarkable evolution of the republican way of life that happened among this institution. In view of this problematic, this work it s intented to try to understand the experience of the past and presente things, trying to verify if the contemporaneous brazilian State built this regime facing freedom like it was supposed to do. The methodology used was inspired by Niccolo Machiavelli s categories for analysis: facing the Nova Republica s as State, that has form and matter, build and orderly from the Virtue of the great, while princes, for the establishiment of the people, starting with the moment provided by Fortune during the period / Na difundida retórica da consolidação se mascara um contrassenso do cenário político brasileiro: o sistema republicano se edificou nas instituições prescritas na Carta Constitucional de 1988 como arranjo institucional, e após vinte e cinco anos de exercício não se esfacelou frente as adversidades, como sempre foi típico da política no Brasil; todavia, pesquisas acerca do imaginário político do povo não se verifica notável evolução de um modo de vida efetivamente republicano que tenha se dado concomitante a estas instituições. Tendo em vista essa problemática, o presente trabalho tem por fim buscar compreender a experiência das coisas passadas e presentes a fim de verificar se o Estado brasileiro contemporâneo edificou regime voltado a liberdade de fato como se prescreve o direito. A metodologia vale-se aqui das categorias de Nicolau Maquiavel para análise, isto é, encarar a construção da Nova República, enquanto um Estado, que tem forma e matéria, gerado e ordenado a partir da Virtude dos grandes, enquanto príncipes, para o estabelecimento do hábito de comportamento do povo, a partir das ocasiões fornecidas por uma Fortuna dada no tempo

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T14:55:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Leandro Ramos Goncalves.pdf: 5526962 bytes, checksum: c0a47b3eb7c3a3b87de0b0fe767dc90f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-09 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / In the widespread rhetoric of consolidation masks a paradox inside of the brazilian political scenario: the republican system was build in the prewritten institutions on the Constituitional Letter of 1988 as a institucional arrangement and after twenty five years of exercise didn t crumble in front of adversity, like had always happened in Brazil s politics; however, researchs about people s political imaginary doesn t show a remarkable evolution of the republican way of life that happened among this institution. In view of this problematic, this work it s intented to try to understand the experience of the past and presente things, trying to verify if the contemporaneous brazilian State built this regime facing freedom like it was supposed to do. The methodology used was inspired by Niccolo Machiavelli s categories for analysis: facing the Nova Republica s as State, that has form and matter, build and orderly from the Virtue of the great, while princes, for the establishiment of the people, starting with the moment provided by Fortune during the period / Na difundida retórica da consolidação se mascara um contrassenso do cenário político brasileiro: o sistema republicano se edificou nas instituições prescritas na Carta Constitucional de 1988 como arranjo institucional, e após vinte e cinco anos de exercício não se esfacelou frente as adversidades, como sempre foi típico da política no Brasil; todavia, pesquisas acerca do imaginário político do povo não se verifica notável evolução de um modo de vida efetivamente republicano que tenha se dado concomitante a estas instituições. Tendo em vista essa problemática, o presente trabalho tem por fim buscar compreender a experiência das coisas passadas e presentes a fim de verificar se o Estado brasileiro contemporâneo edificou regime voltado a liberdade de fato como se prescreve o direito. A metodologia vale-se aqui das categorias de Nicolau Maquiavel para análise, isto é, encarar a construção da Nova República, enquanto um Estado, que tem forma e matéria, gerado e ordenado a partir da Virtude dos grandes, enquanto príncipes, para o estabelecimento do hábito de comportamento do povo, a partir das ocasiões fornecidas por uma Fortuna dada no tempo

L’objectif de ce travail est de mettre en exergue non seulement la réception philosophique des écrits de Mallarmé ayant eu lieu dans les années 1950, 1960 et 1970, mais aussi le facteur qui agit en eux comme un moteur de production théorique. La poétique mallarméenne est un mouvement de production de nouvelles possibilités, que nous appelons des potentialités représentationnelles, qui sont des inventions fictives du langage poétique ouvrant la voie à de nouvelles dispositions linguistiques et à de nouvelles possibilités de représentation. La poétique de Mallarmé est doublement inventive : dans le langage lui-même, et dans la réception théorique comme moteur de production. Pour rendre compte du facteur hautement productif du langage poétique mallarméen, nous introduisons la notion de virtualité dans notre étude, qui se manifeste dans une dynamique insaisissable où aucun sens unique et déterminé ne peut s’établir. Ainsi, les potentialités représentationnelles sont multiples et irréductibles à quelque unité atomique déterminée. Toute tentative de réduction qui tend à rompre le mouvement des potentialités compromet la poéticité chez Mallarmé. Nous montrons, en ce sens, que si le langage poétique mallarméen donne lieu à une production théorique à travers des lectures philosophiques, il ne se laisse pas encercler et déterminer par celles-ci, mais maintient une continuité dynamique des potentialités. / This work’s aim is to draw attention not only to the philosophical reception of Mallarmé’s writings during 1950’s, 1960’s and 1970’s, but also to the factor which acts as an engine of theoretical production in them. Mallarmé’s poetics is a production movement of new possibilities, which we call representational potentials, which are fictional inventions of the poetic language, opening on new linguistic layouts and on new representational possibilities. Mallarmé’s poetics is twice inventive : in the language itself, and in the theoretical reception, as an engine of production. To give account of the highly productive factor of Mallarmé’s poetics, we introduce the concept of virtuality in our study, which expresses itself in an elusive dynamic, where no unique and specific sense can establish itself. Thus, the representational potentials are multiple and irreducible to some specific atomic unity. Any reduction attempt stretching to break the movement of the potentials compromises Mallarmé’s poetics. We show, in that direction, that if the poetic language gives way to a theoretical production through the philosophical readings, it does not get surrounded, nor determined by these readings, but maintains a dynamic continuity of the potentials.