Detta examensarbete är en systematisk litteraturstudie som syftar till att ge en beskrivning gällande våldsbrottsligheten som förekommer inom narkotikamarknaden. Detta då det uppges att det finns en kunskapslucka gällande vad som faktiskt påverkar det gängrelaterade våldet och narkotikamarknadens roll i det hela. Vidare syftar denna studie till att ge en förklaring kring vilka olika faktorer och förklaringar som kan ha betydelse för våldsbrottslighet inom narkotikamarknaden. Med våldsbrottslighet avses i denna studie, de våldsbrott som förekommer i samband med narkotikamarknaden. Vi har valt att exkludera studier om våldsbrott som förekommer i samband med egenbruk av narkotika. Vi har i denna studie valt att använda oss av både kvalitativa och kvantitativa studier för att få en så bred bild som möjligt kring ämnet. Resultat visar att områdeskonkurrens, skuld & stöld samt statliga insatser, har en betydande roll i förhållande till våldet inom narkotikamarknaden. Framtida forskning bör dock fokusera på ett mer globalt angreppssätt gällande studerandet av våldet inom narkotikamarknaden samt hur den ekonomiska vinningen inom narkotikahandeln kan påverka. / This thesis is a systematic literature study aimed at giving a description of the crime of violence that occurs in the drug market. It is stated that there is a knowledge gap regarding what actually affects the gang-related violence and the role of the drug market in it. Furthermore, this study aims to provide an explanation of the various factors and explanations that may be important for violent crime in the drug market. In this study, the term "violent crime" refers to the violent crimes that occur in connection with the drug market. We have chosen to exclude studies about violent crimes that occur in connection with self-use of drugs. In this study we have chosen to use both qualitative and quantitative studies to get a broad picture as possible about the subject. Results shows that area competition, debt & theft as well as government efforts, have a significant role in relation to the violence in the drug market. However, future research should focus on a more global approach to the study of the violence in the drug market, and the impact of the economic gain on drug trafficking.

How emotions resonate: A comparative multimodal critical discourse analysis of the campaigns Det är inte för sent and Jag lovar, det är inte värt det. This study aims to identify communication strategies in campaigns against children in gang violence, which is relevant as the challenge shows an increasing tendency in Sweden. This is done by using a multimodal critical discourse analysis on the Det är inte för sent campaign from 2023 by the Swedish non-profit association Bris and Jag lovar, det är inte värt det from 2023 by the Swedish Police. The empirical data has been analyzed through a theoretical framework and chosen analytical tools such as modality, connotation and interaction.Based on the multimodal critical discourse analysis, it has been possible to identify different communication strategies in the campaigns. The result from the analysis shows that there are both similarities and differences between the campaigns. Both campaigns feature accounts from people who have experienced the consequences of gang violence, evoking emotions such as sadness and empathy in the viewer. The main difference between the campaigns is based on its framing. In Det är inte för sent, the message is framed around the idea that young people are affected by gang crime and are not considered perpetrators, while Jag lovar, det är inte värt det.

In 2021, Sweden was ranked as the European country with the highest number of fatal shootings per million inhabitants. As a result, gang violence is described as a national crisis and has turned in to one of the main debate themes among political parties ahead of the parliamentary election in 2022. In the debates on gang violence, it is often linked to migration politics. Swedish Television (SVT) has broadcasted numerous programs on gang violence, and these programs are the main material used in this study.  Drawing on feminist- and critical whiteness theory I examine how ideas of gender, whiteness and Swedishness interplay in the construction of gang violence as a national crisis. By using a retrotopic, a security politic and an affective theoretical perspective it is possible to analyze who is portrayed as vulnerable or problematic in relation to the gang violence. A further ambition of this study is to investigate the connection between folkhem nostalgia and the construction of gang violence as a national crisis. I argue that the Swedish exceptionalism is being used to establish collective feelings of folkhem nostalgia, which contributes to the understanding of gang violence as a national crisis. Based on a thematic analysis (Braun & Clark 2006) I show how feelings of folkhem nostalgia are used to establish narratives of a threatening and problematic Other; a male non-white threat within the nation. Further, the debates and documentaries broadcasted on SVT can be seen as part of political and national interests, where a (hi)story of folkhemmetas a part of the Swedish exceptionalism is being used to establish certain feelings and perceptions related to gender and race. This enables a placement of gang violence in another place, in another culture and in another body.

This essay aims to explore in what way a biased reporting from the media can contribute to a weakening trust among youngsters that politicians can solve problems existing in Sweden as a growing percentage either partly or fully believes are the case. This is stated in a poll issued by the company Ungdomsbarometern AB. During the last year the percentage has risen nine percentiles to 56 % of youngsters aged 15 – 24. In an empirical study the news coverage regarding gang violence in the Swedish news distributors Aftonbladet and SVT is studied under the period September 4 – October 4. The study shows that perspectives in the news coverage that are leaning towards a descriptive an reactive manner as well as descriptions of gangs and gang members are hugely overrepresented. These angles accounts for between 50 and 67 percent of all studied publications. On the other hand perspectives that are more proactive and geared towards possible solutions or alleviations to the crisis with gang violence are very much underrepresented. These perspectives accounts for less than 20 percent of all studied publications.  The results of the studies is then analyzed through the filter of the British sociologist Steven Lukes so called third dimension of power – that is power without conflict between parties and without intention, a sort of  “power over thought”, maintained somehow by the continuing prevalence of  the existing ongoing social order (to put it very briefly).  Seen through the lens of Lukes conception of power it is then argued in the essay that it does matter how events in society are described in the media. A strongly biased media coverage of  an issue in society does exercise an element of mind over thought and might, drawing on Lukes conception of power, contribute to perhaps some extent to an image among the public that the politicians doesn’t have control over the situation with gang violence and thus trust in what politicians could achieve might begin to erode. In the essay it is suggested that teachers in social sciences (“samhällskunskap”) could act as a counterweight to biased media reporting and lift perspectives that are underrepresented in media. It is also suggested that teachers in social sciences promotes discussions and debates and prioritizes the task to foster democratic engaged citizens. / Denna uppsats har som mål  att utforska på vilket sätt en vinklad nyhetsrapportering från media kan bidra till ett minska förtroende hos ungdomar till att politiker kan lösa problem som finns i Sverige, något som en växande procentandel antingen delvis eller helt anser är fallet. Detta är resultatet av en enkät gjord av företaget Ungdomsbarometern AB. Under det senaste året har procentandelen ökat med nio procentenheter till 56 % av ungdomar i åldern 15 – 24 år. I en empirisk studie av Aftonbladets och SVT nyhetsbevakningen av gängkriminalitet undersöktes publiceringar under perioden the period September 4 – 4 Oktober. Undersökningen visar att perspektiv i nyhetsbevakningen  som är deskriptiva och reaktiva , liksom perspektiv där gäng och gängmedlemmar beskrivs är starkt överrepresenterade. Dessa vinklar står för mellan 50 och 67 procent av alla studerade publiceringar. Å andra sidan är perspektiv som är mer proaktiva och inriktade mot möjliga lösningar eller lindringar av gängvåldskrisen starkt underrepresenterade. Dessa perspektiv står för mindre än 20 procent av alla studerade publiceringar.  Resultatet av studien analyseras sedan genom användandet av den brittiske sociologen Steven Lukes så kallade tredje maktdimension, det vill säga makt utan konflikt mellan parter och utan intention – en slags ”makt över tanken”, upprätthållen på sätt och vis genom det fortgående upprätthållandet av den rådande pågående sociala ordningen (mycket kort sammanfattat).  Sett genom Lukes “maktlins” argumenteras det sedan i uppsatsen för att det faktiskt spelar roll hur händelser I samhället beskrivs I media. Baserat på Lukes maktbegrepp kan en starkt vinklad mediebevakning av en samhällsfråga utöva en slags makt över tanken och kanske i viss utsträckning bidra till en bild hos allmänheten att politiker inte har kontroll över situationen med gängkriminalitet, och därmed kan tilltron till vad politiker kan tänkas kunna uppnå börja erodera.  I denna uppsats argumenteras det för att samhällskunskapslärare skulle kunna fungera som en motvikt när vissa perspektiv i medias rapportering i en samhällsfråga har större utrymme i den samlade nyhetsrapporteringen i samhällsfrågan, medan andra perspektiv har mindre utrymme. Det föreslås också att samhällskunskapslärare uppmuntrar diskussioner och debatter och prioriterar uppdraget att fostra demokratiska och engagerade medborgare.