Magistro baigiamajame darbe išanalizuotas Michel Foucault politinis projektas, bei siekta per Foucault įvardintus galios santykius ir subjektų problematikos diskursus paaiškinti viešojo politinio diskurso atsiradimą. Darbas grynai teorinis, tik vietomis persipinantis su praktinio pritaikymo ar praktinių problemų panaudojimo aspektais. Pirmojoje darbo dalyje apibrėžiama kaip Foucault naudoja genealoginį istorijos tyrimo metodą, aiškinama su kokiais kitais metodais jis gali būti naudojamas. Taip pat per interpretacijas yra aiškinama Foucault politikos samprata. Antrojoje darbo dalyje apžvelgiami istoriniai ir socialiniai reiškiniai, kurie tapo prielaidomis atsirasti moteriškąjį seksualinį konstruktą analizuojančiai feministinei politinei teorijai, bei seksualumo dispozityvo forma veikiantčiam feministiniam politiniam judėjimui. Trečioje dalyje konsentruojamasi į normalizavimo procesus, kurių veikiamas seksualumo diskursas skaidosi. Čia mėginama atsakyti į tokius klausimus, kaip pavyzdžiui, kodėl seksualumas kaip socialiai sukonstruotas reiškinys nėra visiškai politinis ir negali tokiu būti. Taip pat mėginama pažvelgti iš globalinės perspektyvos, ir numatyti, kokiais būdais bet kokie privatūs subjektai ir jų problematika patenka į viešąjį diskursą ir yra įvelkami į institucionalizacijos rėmus. / This master’s thesis comprises ofthe analysis of Michel Foucault’s political project, and attempts to explain the emergence of some public political discourses through the power relations, defined by Foucault, and the subject problematization discourses. Given that the thesis is in itself purely theoretical, acknowledgement of the practical use of the theories is rather narrow. In the first part of the thesis the use of genealogy as a method to purify history, largely used by Foucault, is defined, and the methods, that work well with the latter method are elaborated. Furthermore, through those interpretations of genealogy, Foucauldian notion of political is explained. The second part reviews historical and social events, that could have become presumptions for the emergence of the feminist theory, defined by the analysis of the feminine social construct, and political feminist movement, driven by the form of the dispositif of sexuality. The third part concentrates on the processes of normalization, which when applied on the discourses of sex makes it deconstruct. Herefore the questions, such as why sexuality, as a socially constructed event, is not and can not be totally political?, can be asked. Further, the global perspective is taken into account while trying to foresee the methods, which move any private subject and their problematization towards the public discourse and dresses them in the institutional uniform.

Darbe analizuojama intelektualo geba ir būtinybė kritiškai mąstyti disciplinarinės valdžios salygomis. Šios valdžios objektas yra visuomenės gyvenimas, populiacija, žmonių kūnai suprantami kaip vertingi ištekliai. Disciplinarinės valdžios uždavinys yra versti visuomenę augti tam tikra kryptimi, klasifikuoti, kategorizuoti individus taip, kad užtikrinti reguliarų išteklių atsinaujinimą; kai reikia – atsikratyti pertekliaus ir kontroliuoti jų augimą. Populiacija, suvokiama kaip resursai – žmogiškieji resursai, atsinaujinantys resursai – reikia prižiūrėt, kad jie nenunyktų, neišsivaikščiotų. Intelektualo funkcija šiuose procesuose yra nuolat konfrontuoti galios procesams, juos atpažinti, o atpažinus traukyti saitus. Foucault supranta, kad galios santykiai yra neišvengiami ir įvardina intelektualo laikyseną kaip stiprų pesimistinį aktyvizmą. Rezistencija svarbi kaip kritinio klausinėjimo kelias, kuris atveria suvokimą, kad visuomenės negalima aiškinti vien tik pasitelkus techninius galios apibrėžimus. Šis nuolatinės konfrontacijos kelias yra vienintelis, kuris lieka tikrąjam intelektualui. / This work analyzes the possibility and necessity to think critically in the condition of disciplinary government. The object of this kind of government is living in society, it’s population, bodies of people are understood as valuable resources. The aim of disciplinary government is to force society grow in certain direction, to classify and categorize individuals in such form, which can ensure renewal of regular resources. When we understand population as resources - human resources, renewal of resources – it is necessary supervise that these resources wouldn’t vanish. Intellectual’s function in these processes is to recognize and confront to these processes of power, to damage it’s bonds. Foucault understands the manifestations of modern disciplines in terms of power-knowledge relationship. These relationships of power are inevitable and designates intellectual’s attitude as strong pessimistic activism. Resistance is significant as the way of critical questioning, which opens perception, that we can’t treat society only in definitions of technical power. The ongoing confrontation is the only path that remains to the true intellectual.

In the following study I explore the role of musical practices in the making of different sensibilities. Beginning with the founding of colonial musical institutions in the late nineteenth century in Canada and ending with a consideration of the ideals and subjectivities embodied in a 2008 concert at the Arts and Letters Club of Toronto, I take up the education of feeling as it is rehearsed into being through various musical practices and juxtapose notions of identity with actual material and social relations. Anchored as it is in particular physical locations, my project draws on spatial analysis, discourse analysis and historical contextualization. The study is a genealogy of music education in Canada with music education referring to the institutional settings in which professional musicians and music educators are taught; public school music programs; and public celebrations of national identity in which music is employed with the goal of enjoining participants in particular historical/political narratives and emotional responses. My concern is to track the production of Imperial subjects and the normalization of hierarchies of the human, for example, rationalities of race, gender and class, as they become embodied and normalized in colonial institutional structures and discourses of national identity. I am particularly concerned with the ways that the displacement of Indigenous peoples, along with narratives of white entitlement, are rationalized and rehearsed into being in musical contexts. I also take up the question of how the discipline of musical training might lead to increased identification of classically- and university-trained musicians with the ruling order, and passivity in “political terms of obedience”—a subjectivity Foucault refers to as “docile bodies.” I identify this mode of being as “terminal naivety” in order to draw attention to personal and societal effects, and costs, that result from positioning ourselves and our artistic endeavours as politically disinterested.

“Slowly Rushing Absent Mind” explores themes of origin and nature through poems about family history and the natural world. This collection explains poetry through poetry by using different forms—the ghazal, the prose poem, the sonnet and the lyric, to convey an awareness of a deeper consciousness. These poems seek to fill the space in the air above your shoulder at which the retail clerk stares as he hands you your change and wishes you good day. “The world we know,” Foucault explains, “is a profusion of entangled events;” these poems are meant to hint at a true beginning, one at which only the most exhaustive of genealogical research could possibly arrive, yet one that is intrinsic in the details of everyday life. / University of New Brunswick, Theses, Master of Arts

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

In recent years the separation between ethnographic research and the ethnographic text have continued to collapse. No longer is the anthropologist the sole authority on determining the native's point of view. Anthropologists are now writing within newer collaborative frameworks-newer frameworks that continue to challenge who has the right to speak for whom. This shift in ethnographic writing allows us to explore culture even more deeply through the process of obtaining narratives that focus on dialoguing the encounter between ethnographer and consultant. With this developing ethnographic moment in mind, this thesis explored through the use of collaboratively-constructed ethnographic narratives the juxtaposition of a family's identity and its place within the context of a larger community identity. In the final analysis, the narratives brought to light a symbiotic connection that exists between family, community, and the larger world. / Department of Anthropology

The Digital Family Oral History Pilot (DFOHP) data were collected and catalogued on a private website blog for family members to learn about their grandfather (ALP) who died without telling his own story. This study examined the outcomes and perceptions of the family members who were engaged with the pilot. A self-selected sample of 17 family members were interviewed and their reflections recorded. The reflections held their perceptions of adult learning as they responded to three research questions. “How did the family change when constructing an oral history about themselves?” “How did the family members perceive themselves as part of a family community through this oral history process?” and “What is the impact on the family relationships?” The reflections were coded and clustered in color assigned categories that revealed the themes. Findings indicated the family changed in positive ways through knowledge they gained, the new connection via the Internet, through affirmation of each other and the desire that future generations will use this resource. The family perceived themselves in varied positions within their social structure. The daughter placed herself in the epicenter due to her knowledge of her father (ALP). Family members, who perceived themselves as outliers, identified new knowledge of ALP that will help them move closer to the center in the future. The final research question on the impact on family relations elicited responses such as mended brother/sister stresses and enthusiasm that many of the family participated in the storytelling. The few negative reflections expressed sadness that ALP was not here to see what the family constructed and concern that individual stories did not encroach on the available space. The combined stories and reflections shared enough oral history that ALP was revealed as a person worth knowing to those who did not know his oral history previously. Finally, with responses such as “learned”, “learning” and “I now know” received from the sample, an environment of non-threatening informal education established new ways of knowing through an activity as simple as sharing story. Implicit informal education though storytelling was the catalyst for bonding between the branches of this family’s tree. / Department of Educational Studies

With the technological development of the last decades, an increasing number of genealogists are carrying out their research online. The purpose of this master’s thesis is to examine how and why genealogists' information behavior has been influenced by the use of online services for genealogy. Using a conceptual model of genealogists' information behavior as theoretical basis for the study, I examine how the use of online services affect genealogists’ search process, what information they are looking for and what information resources they use. Data is collected by seven qualitative interviews with experienced genealogists.The interviews indicate that online services have not completely taken over the genealogists’ search for information. Genealogists still went to physical repositories for a number of reasons. However, all participants in the study agreed that their visits to physical repositories and their use of physical records had declined since they began to use online services. The search for information was perceived to have become easier and more convenient with online services, although participants also acknowledged the risks of misleading information. Online services for genealogy also seem to have an influence on the contact between genealogists, especially on international contacts. This, together with the increasing research on foreign material, indicates that genealogy has been internationalized as a result of the use of online services. To the extent that the use of online services affects genealogists' information behavior, it seems in large part to be a result of online services removing geographical barriers that previously influenced genealogists’ information behavior. This is a two years master’s thesis in Archival Science.

This thesis is divided into three distinct yet related chapters. The first chapter deals with the question of the actual calendar which is used in Jubilees. The work criticizes scholarly opinions concerning the calendar which have gone relatively unchallenged since the Qumran discovery. The chapter concludes that while the calendar question is difficult and many calendars can be detected as functioning in the work, it is the 28-day month which is dominant and not months of 30, 30 and 31 days. In the second chapter which deals with the genealogy of the patriarchs, the attention of the reader is directed to the names of the wives of the patriarchs. The question which the thesis raises at this point is related to the function of these women in the narrative in relation to the etymology of their names. The conclusion reached is that the narrative and the etymology of the names are clearly related. For example, when the etymological meaning of a woman is favourable, the narrative at that point is positive and vice versa. Chapter Three deals with chronology which is in close proximity to both calendar and genealogy. The question the thesis asks is how the chronology of Jubilees relates to the chronologies of MT, LXX and SP and also raises the question as to which chronology that of Jubilees is dependant upon for its structure. It is determined that Jubilees and SP are most closely related. The structure itself of the chronology of Jubilees is examined and it is concluded that the design is more concerned with past history than future history. The implications of the thesis on the questions of date and authorship are considered. The conclusion is reached that the author is a member of an unnamed conservative-pietist sect who wrote at a time later than Antiochus IV.

This dissertation examines the history of humanitarianism in international relations by tracing the relationship between moral obligation and sovereignty from the 16th century to the present. Its main argument is that moral obligations and sovereignty are mutually constitutive, in contrast to a widely held assumption in international relations scholarship that they are opposed to each other. The dissertation’s main theoretical contribution is to develop a framework, using a genealogical method of inquiry, for understanding the relationship between sovereignty and the shifting boundaries of moral obligation during the Westphalian period. This approach makes it possible to identify both elements of continuity and change in the history of humanitarianism and practices of sovereignty. The first chapter demonstrates how the extant literature on sovereignty and humanitarianism fails to adequately account for how states have participated in the construction of new moral boundaries even as they have sought to assert their own sovereignty. Chapter two lays out the dissertation’s theoretical framework, first by outlining an identity-based understanding of sovereignty in relationship to moral obligation, and then discussing the genealogical method that is used in three case studies. The following three chapters contain the dissertation’s empirical contributions, which are three historical cases that represent pivotal moments in the history of moral obligation and sovereignty. Chapter three examines the assistance offered by Elizabeth I to Huguenot refugees from 1558-1603, and relates England’s moral obligations towards Huguenots to the emergence of a sovereign English confessional state. Chapter four examines the relationship between British abolitionist arguments against slavery in the 19th century, and justifications for the extension of empire. Chapter five examines the emergence and evolution of the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) doctrine since 2001, whose advocates posit a modified conception of sovereignty that is explicitly tied to moral obligation. The concluding chapter discusses how the dissertation accounts for both the rise of humanitarianism and the persistence of sovereignty in international relations, as well as provides some reflections on areas for future research.