Syftet med studien är att undersöka vilka strategier pedagoger använder sig utav för att underlätta deltagandet i samlingen för barn med andra modersmålän svenska. Studien vilar på webbenkäter som skickats ut till pedagoger runt om i Mellansverige. Resultatet visar att barngruppens storlek har en stor betydelse för barnens deltagande och kommunicerande, i mindre grupper ges barnen större talutrymme och pedagogerna hinner möta varje barn utifrån varje barns behov och intressen. Samlingens syfte visar sig vara olika beroende på om samlingen genomförs i helgrupp eller i mindre grupper. I mindre grupper anses syftet vara språkutveckling medan det i helgrupp är att skapa gemenskap. Verktyg som pedagoger använder sig utav för att förtydliga och underlätta deltagandet i samlingen för barn med andra modersmål än svenska är bl.a. bilder/fotografier, föremål, TAKK (tecken som alternativ och kompletterande kommunikation) och kroppsspråk. Språkstöd i form av bl.a. modersmålslärare och flerspråkiga pedagoger visar sig också vara något som pedagoger använder sig utav för att främja deltagandet i samlingen för barn med andra modersmål än svenska. Pedagogerna ser det som en stor tillgång, dock är det många som saknar ett samarbete med just modersmålslärare och eller flerspråkiga pedagoger. / The purpose of this study is to examine what kinds of strategies educators use to ease the participation in group activities for children with other native languages than Swedish. The study is based on web surveys that were sent out to educators all around middle Sweden. The results show that the size of the childrens's group has a significant impact on the children's participation and communication. In smaller groups, children get more space to talk and the educators hav the time to meet each child based on their need and interest. The purpose with the group activities turns out to be different depending on whether or not the activity is performed in one big group, or in smaller groups. In smaller groups the purpose of the activity is considered to be language development, while in one big group, the purpose isto create community. Tools that educators use to illustrate and help the participation for children with other native languages than Swedish are for instnce pictures/photographs, objects, TAKK (signs for alternative additional communication) and body language. Language support in terms of native language teacher and multilingual educators also appears to be something educators make use of to encourage the participation in groups for children with other native languages than Swedish. The educators consider mixed language groups a huge asset, but many lack cooperation with the native language teacher and/ or multilingual educators.

The dissertation investigates oral communication from a language development perspective. The overall aim is to study the oral communication that is part of the learning process for Swedish as a subject and for vocational courses in the upper secondary schools. The focus is specifically on learning that incorporates reasoning and prepared speech. The method used is derived from ethnography and Conversation Analysis. The material consists of fieldnotes, video and audio recordings of lessons from two different classes. The dissertation is theoretically linked to “New Literacy Studies”; the oral prac¬tices and oral cultures involved in the instruction of Swedish are described and viewed as part of school literacy. The concept ‘elaborated topic’ is used to analyse the extent to which students and teachers develop reasoning. The results show that instruction in vocational training programmes can provide students with different conditions for oral language development. Students in the nursing programme took part in more varied communication than students in the technically/practically-oriented programme. The different oral cultures in the two classes could be described in terms of patterns for reasoning and prepared speech, knowledge ideology and power relations. The oral cultures of the classes investigated are reflected in the way they performed in the national test. The students’ ability to develop a sufficiently extensive line of reasoning for the test’s prepared speech did not correspond to how well they developed each topic of discus¬sion. The dissertation emphasises the importance of dialogically organised instruction with students in every upper secondary programme being encour¬aged in their reasoning and prepared speech. It highlights language and communication in and of itself as important content in the instruction of Swedish. Finally, it argues that each subject is responsible for contributing to the language development of students.

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Sammanfattning Bakgrund Människan mår bra av fysisk aktivitet. Det finns mycket tidigare evidensbaserad forskning som stärker detta. Trots de positiva fördelarna som kommer med fysisk aktivitet är det allt färre människor som rör på sig tillräckligt mycket. Detta påverkar samhället negativt. En väldigt utsatt grupp för den negativa samhällstrenden är unga studenter. Studenter har ofta en konstant hög arbetsbörda med pågående studier, arbete och viktiga livsval. Det kan leda till att de ofta drabbas av stress och andra psykiska samt fysiska riskfaktorer. Unga inom utbildning är också samhällets framtid, där av borde mer forskning och promotivt arbete läggas där. Syfte är att undersöka unga studenters fysiska och psykiska välmående före och efter sex veckor med ledarledd högintensiv styrketräning. Metod För att svara på studiens frågeställningar genomfördes en intervention med kvantitativ metod. 12 sedan tidigare otränade studenter, både män och kvinnor, med en medelålder på 24 år rekryterades via mailutskick. Graden av nuvarande fysisk kapacitet och tidigare erfarenhet av fysisk aktivitet fick de rekryterande själva skatta. Testledarna valde efter anmälan ut de personer som uppnådde kriterierna. Kriterierna för att delta var att studera på högskola eller universitet och att vara lågt till måttligt aktiv, inte hade någon inplanerad fysiska aktivitet i sin vardag och tidigare inte tränat på elitnivå. De utvalda deltagarna genomförde fysiska och psykologiska tester innan en sex veckors träningsperiod, bestående av högintensiv styrketräning. Högintensiv styrketräning innebar styrketräning i högintensivt utförande med många repetitioner. Till störst del funktionella helkroppsövningar där låga vikter eller kroppsvikt användes. Efter avslutad träningsperiod återkom samma tester. Data samlades sedan in och sammanställdes med deskriptiv statistik. Sammanställda data analyserades genom t-test och Chi2-test i Microsoft Excel. Resultat Både de fysiska och psykiska testerna visade goda resultat efter sex veckors intervention med ledarledd högintensiv styrketräning. Majoriteten av alla tester visade en signifikant ökning i fysisk kapacitet och psykiskt välmående hos deltagarna. Sex veckor med ledarledd högintensiv styrketräning gav lust till fortsatt fysisk aktivitet. Slutsats Sex veckor med ledarledd högintensiv träning ökar otränade studenters fysiska kapacitet och psykiska mående påfallande och med hög signifikans. Sex veckor med ledarledd högintensiv styrketräning gav lust till fortsatt fysisk aktivitet. / Summary Background A human’s well-being increases with physical activity. There exist many evidence-based research findings that strengthen this theory. However, despite the positive benefits of physical activity, few people are physically active today. This affects the members of the society in a negative way. An especially vulnerable group for this negative trend includes young students. Students often have a constant high workload with ongoing studies, work and important life choices to make. In many cases, this situation can lead to stress and other psychological and physical risk factors. Since young studying people are the future of our society, more research and promotional work should be placed here to put an end to this increasing problem. The aim is to examine the physical and mental well-being of young students before and after six weeks of leadership-led, high intensity strength training. Method To be able to respond to this study's questions, an intervention was conducted with a quantitative methodology. 12 previously untrained students, both men and women, with an average age of 24 years were recruited by email. Physical capacity and previous experience of physical activity were appreciated by themselves. The test leaders selected the persons who met the criteria after the announcement. The criteria for attending were to study at college or university and to be low to moderately active, not have any planned physical activity in their daily lives and not train in the elite level. The selected participants performed physical and psychological tests before a six-week training period, consisting of high intensity strength training. High intensity strength training involved weight training in high intensity performance with many repetitions. For the most part functional full body exercises where low weights or body weight were used. After the training period had ended, the same tests were conducted. The data from the tests was then collected and compiled with descriptive statistics. Results After six weeks of intervention with leadership-led high intensity strength training, both the physical and the psychological tests showed good results. Almost all tests showed an increase in physical capacity and psychological well-being in the participants, and the increase in relation to a majority of the tests were significant. For a full report see appendix 3. Six weeks of leadership-led, high-intensity exercise gave lust for continued psychical activity. Conclusion Six weeks of leadership-led, high-intensity exercise significantly increases the physical capacity and the psychological well-being of untrained students. Six weeks of leadership-led, high-intensity exercise gave lust for continued psychical activity.

The purpose of this study was to explore how students described the curriculum in the Introduction to Food Production class and how they perceived the curriculum prepared them for their future in the hospitality industry. The exploratory questions that guided the study were how do students describe the experiential learning curriculum in the Introduction to Food Production course, what ways do students perceive the curriculum in the Introduction to Food Production course prepares them for their future in hospitality industry, and what changes in the curriculum do students think might improve the Introduction to Food Production course and why? The theoretical framework for this study was based on Kolb’s experiential learning theory model (1984). Data collection methods were semi-structured interviews, student journals, and a researcher reflection journal. The cross-case analysis generated nine major themes: hands-on basics taught by professionals, memorable curriculum with useful application, challenging group work forced students to develop diverse insights, well designed facility for learning, gained confidence through memorable moments, observed industry best practices for success, connected to real world with hands-on methods, managerial skills needed for success in the future, and students desire more educational elements to the course and program. These nine themes summarize the students’ experiences in a hands-on teaching facility at the University of South Florida Sarasota-Manatee. Implications for practitioners and policy makers were described. Results of this study contributed empirical research on experiential learning theory and hospitality program curriculum. These results also add to the body of literature related to hands-on teaching activities, group work assignments, and industry-based projects.

Under covid-19 pandemin tvingades fysiska mötesplatser för äldre personer att stänga. Som följd av detta startade digitala mötesplatser. Syfte: Genom intervju beskriva äldre personers uppfattning om vad som var betydelsefullt för deras upplevelse av delaktighet i sociala digitala mötesplatser, under covid-19 pandemin. Metod: Kvalitativ design. Semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med tio äldre personer som deltagit i en digital mötesplats under covid-19 pandemin. Vid rekrytering av informanter tillämpades det typiska urvalet. Materialet analyserades utifrån kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Informanternas uppfattning beskrevs i fyra kategorier: möjligheter och begränsningar i digitala mötesplatser, individens och gruppens engagemang i mötesplatsen, mötesplatsens innehåll samt mötesplatsens betydelse för informanter. De digitala mötesplatserna bidrog till sociala kontakter och meningsfullhet i vardagen. Slutsats: Detta examensarbete visade att digitala mötesplatser skulle kunna vara ett verktyg för att främja delaktighet bland äldre personer som är socialt distanserade eller isolerade. / During the covid-19 pandemic, physical meeting places for elderly people were forced to close. Due to this, digital meeting places started. Purpose: Through interview, describe elderly people’s comprehension of what is significant for their experience of participation in social digital meeting places during the covid-19 pandemic. Method: A qualitative design. Semi structured interviews were conducted with ten elderly people who participated in digital meeting places during the covid-19 pandemic. The typical case sample was applied to recruit informants. The material was analysed based on qualitative content analysis. Result: Informants’ perception was described in four categories: opportunities and limitations in digital meeting places, the individual’s and the group’s engagement in the meeting place, the content of the meeting place, and the meaning of the meeting place for informants. The digital meeting places contributed to social contacts and meaningfulness in everyday life. Conclusion: This student thesis showed that digital meeting places could be a tool to promote participation among elderly people who are social distanced or isolated.

Afasi är en språkstörning som främst uppstår till följd av en stroke och drabbar cirka 30 % av alla strokepatienter i Sverige. Personer med afasi upplever ofta besvär med det psykosociala välmåendet, exempelvis depression, förlust av arbete och påverkade relationer. Gruppverksamheter för personer med afasi kan öka känslan av gemenskap i grupp, bidra med en stödjande miljö som hjälper till att upprätthålla identitet och välmående hos personer med afasi. Syftet med studien var att undersöka den upplevda effekten av deltagande i en gruppverksamhet på det psykosociala välmåendet hos personer med afasi. I denna intervjustudie deltog sju personer med afasi. Studien genomfördes på en gruppverksamhet för personer med afasi i centrala Sverige. Medelåldern för deltagarna var 63 år. Resultaten visar att deltagande i gruppverksamheten hade flera positiva effekter på det psykosociala välmåendet hos personerna med afasi. Deltagarna uttryckte känsla av samhörighet och trygghet i gruppverksamheten. Positiva effekter som framkom var känslan av att bli förstådd inom gruppen och att ha rutiner på gruppverksamheten. Studien belyser hur gruppverksamheter kan gynna det psykosociala välmåendet hos personer med afasi. Studien lyfter även utmaningar såsom gruppdynamik och olika preferenser för aktiviteterna inom gruppverksamheten. Studien förespråkar ökad tillgänglighet till gruppverksamheter som personer med afasi kan komma till under en längre period. / Aphasia is a language disorder predominantly resulting from brain damage, notably after a stroke, affecting around 30% of stroke patients. People with aphasia experience difficulties with their psychosocial well-being, including depression, loss of employment, and affected relationships. Community-based aphasia groups may facilitate a supportive community that aids in maintaining identity and well-being for people with aphasia. The aim of the study was to explore the perceived effects of rehabilitation group activities on the psychosocial well-being in people with aphasia. In this study, seven people with aphasia participated in a semi-structured interview at an aphasia center in central Sweden. The participants' mean age was 63 years. The results indicate that group activities are perceived to have several positive effects on the psychosocial well-being in people with aphasia. Participants expressed feeling fellowship and safety at the aphasia center. Positive effects of routines and feeling understood within the group were identified. The study highlights how group activities benefit the psychosocial well-being in people with aphasia. However, the study also highlights challenges such as creating group dynamics and different preferences for activities that may affect participation. The study advocates for an increased access to group activities beyond healthcare settings to support psychosocial well-being in people with aphasia.

Submitted by Taciano Moraes (tacianomm@gmail.com) on 2017-09-29T16:36:46Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) BR Version - Original.pdf: 4465890 bytes, checksum: 59080162de336729aeb135f1d903423a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Raphael Vilas Boas (raphaelboas@ibict.br) on 2017-09-29T19:18:38Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) BR Version - Original.pdf: 4465890 bytes, checksum: 59080162de336729aeb135f1d903423a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-29T19:18:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) BR Version - Original.pdf: 4465890 bytes, checksum: 59080162de336729aeb135f1d903423a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / CAPES / Em um mundo onde a tecnologia modifica cada detalhe de nossa sociedade em uma velocidade cada vez maior, é preocupante que a forma como desenvolvemos nossos líderes esteja melhorando tão devagar. Apesar de inúmeros estudos mostrarem que a liderança é um dos fatores que mais influenciam o sucesso de projetos e de mais de U$ 14 bilhões serem gastos anualmente com desenvolvimento de liderança, mais da metade das organizações acredita que não o esteja fazendo de forma eficaz. Uma das metodologias mais eficientes para o desenvolvimento de liderança dentro das organizações é a Aprendizagem Experiencial, proposta por David Kolb, mas ainda se observa pouca padronização no modo como ela é utilizada, com diversas abordagens diferentes e resultados muito variados. Por esta razão, este estudo propõe um modelo padronizado para o uso de dinâmicas de grupo como um meio para ajudar alunos de tecnologia a praticar habilidades de liderança. Um primeiro piloto foi executado com resultados e feedback bastante positivos, que indicam o potencial de sua aplicação para outras habilidades e contextos. / In a world where technology is changing every single detail of our societies, schools, and organizations in a skyrocketing speed, it is worrying that the way we develop our leaders is improving so slowly. With numerous studies showing that leadership is one of the factors that impact the most on software projects’ success, it is worrying that more than $14B are spent yearly with leadership development and, still, most organizations believe they are not being effective. One of the most efficient methodologies for leadership development inside companies is the Experiential Learning from David Kolb, but it still has some problems in gaining traction inside universities due to their difficulty of simulating practical experiences. Many different approaches have been tried with various results and little standardization is perceived on the way they are used. For this reason, this study proposes a framework for using group activities as a means to help technology students practice leadership skills. A first pilot was executed with pleasant results and feedback from students, but more experiments are necessary to ensure its application for other skills and contexts.

<p>This thesis consists of an introductory summary and three studies focusing language, interaction, and learning in multilingual schools. The overall aim of the thesis is to contribute to the understanding of student learning in diverse schools. </p><p>The first study of the thesis examines the field of cooperative learning with the aim of summarizing, in an overview, research that addresses small group activities in heterogeneous classrooms. The overview indicates that this research is dominated by input-output studies. Process-oriented studies of student interaction constitute a smaller part of research within this field.</p><p>The two subsequent studies were carried out in three multilingual middle school classes in Sweden. The second study concentrates mainly on the second language learners of these classes with the aim of describing language and learning conditions in actual classrooms. A main finding of the study is that second language students fell behind their monolingual Swedish speaking peers in social studies and in other subjects across the curriculum. The study also shows that students form separate groups of Swedes and immigrants inside as well as outside the classroom.</p><p>The third study investigates small group activities in the above mentioned classes. The aim of the study is to gain insight into students’ joint problem-solving processes and thereby provide a broader understanding of learning as socially and interactionally constituted. The data consists of video recordings of small group conversations from which language-related episodes were identified, transcribed and studied applying conversation analysis methods. The findings show that the students are able to scaffold each other effectively in co-constructing linguistic knowledge through social interaction. At the same time, negotiations of power and status are included in their problem-solving processes.</p>