A medium size manufacturing company spends about half of their revenues on purchases. This has recently contributed to that procurement gained a more significant role as it is important to minimize cost in order to remain a profitable and competitive company. Time is of great importance in order to gain competitive advantages in today's market. Lead time should be short and businesses have to be able to respond to customers' requests and needs at the right time. For a company to deliver to their clients’ needs on-time, reliable suppliers are of the highest importance.If a selected supplier does not deliver on time to the company. It could come to affect the company's end customers by delays and possibly lead to large costs for the company. Delays in return could lead to dissatisfied customers. Delivery service should be measured in a supply chain. The supply chain contains of six key areas which are delivery time, delivery reliability, delivery precision, service, information and flexibility. One of the most common indicators to measure delivery service is delivery precision. Delivery precision is defined as a measure of the delivery if an order takes place on the agreed date of delivery. It is also important that the correct quantity is delivered.The purpose of this study is to identify the reasons for shortcomings in delivery service and provide suggestions for improving the measurement methods of the incoming delivery service. In order to improve delivery service the current situation should be mapped with measuring points. This is to determine where the problem in the inbound logistics can occur and where the biggest problems are today. A case study has been conducted on Alimak Hek to examine how companies generally can deal with different problems and different ways of measuring delivery service.Data collection in form of interviews, observations and data collection the business system have been conducted from different measuring points at Alimak Hek and its suppliers to create an understanding of where problem areas in the inbound logistics can be, and how delivery service can occur measured. To identify different ways to measure delivery service and to increase the understanding of the subject recent literature, journals and articles have been studied. Thirty four suppliers to Alimak Hek have been the basis for the study.Results from the study show that Alimak Hek had a number of different reasons for late deliveries from suppliers, reasons such as: unconfirmed delivery date, intake of transport, the order is not executed in accordance with the lead time, transport time varies, receiving and transport time is included in delivery performance measurement. Some of the reasons have been measured quantitatively in order to find out how much they have influenced the delivery service, while others only can be carried out in a qualitative way. Regarding delivery service the suppliers should be measured with regard to its terms of delivery, goods receipt is to be measured by its own performance measurement. The recommended measurement of the delivery service is made by measuring delivery precision, flexibility and quality. / <p>Validerat; 20160826 (global_studentproject_submitter)</p>

Det här examensarbetet har genomförts för att se om det är möjligt att dra generella slutsatser och se samband mellan olika småföretag och deras inköpsrutiner. Det finns i dagsläget väldigt lite forskning kring ämnet och för att göra det möjligt att dra generella slutsatser och jämföra verkligheten med teorin har fem olika företag intervjuats. Företagen hålls anonyma för ärlighetens och öppenhetens skull. De liknar varandra på det sättet att de alla har mellan 2–5 anställda, är privatägda samt är inom hantverkssektorn.  Under arbetes gång har olika metoder använts och befintlig litteratur har studerats och intervjuer med fem olika företag har genomförts. Analysen kunde utföras efter att valda teorier kopplats ihop med empirin. Det resulterade slutligen i möjligheten att se olika samband mellan företagen samt att dra generella slutsatser. Syftet med arbetet är inte att förbättra någon befintlig del i respektive inköpsprocess utan att med hjälp av de generella slutsatserna kunna ligga som grund i framtida förbättringsarbeten eller effektivisering av deras inköpsrutin. Gemensamt för de fem intervjuade företagen var att ingen hade något specifikt datasystem eller programvara för att beräkna materialåtgång, lagerföring eller inköp. Många var självlärda i ämnet och agerade på erfarenhet. Även om hållbar utveckling är av vikt för företag var det inget som företagen la så mycket vikt vid. Vid jämförelsen av empiri och teori bekräftades teorin om att småföretag har svårt att ta till sig ny teknologi.  I rapportens slut går det att läsa om de generella slutsatserna och sambanden som analysen visade. Ett samband som tydligt gick att läsa var lojaliteten gentemot respektive leverantör som genomsyrar varje företag. Det visade sig även vara relativt orättvist att applicera litteratur och teori då den främst riktar sig mot kapitalstarka större företag och inte på småföretag med mindre resurser. / This thesis has been conducted to see if it is possible to find any general conclusions and to see the connection between different small businesses and their purchasing procedures. There is currently very little research on the subject. In order to make general conclusions and compare reality with the theory, five different companies have been interviewed. The companies are kept anonymous for the sake of honesty and transparency. They are similar in the sense that they all have between 2-5 employees, are privately owned and are in the craft sector. In the making of this thesis, different methods have been used and existing literature has been studied and interviews with five different companies have been conducted. The analysis could be performed after the chosen theories were linked to the empiricism. This ultimately resulted in the ability to see different relationships between companies as well as to draw general conclusions. The purpose of the work is not to improve any existing part of the purchasing process but with the basis of the general conclusions get knowledge about the subject. Common in the five interviewed companies was that no one had any specific computer system or software to calculate material usage, storage or purchase. Many were self-taught in the subject and acted on experience. Even if sustainable development is of importance to companies, there were a small interest in the small companies. In the comparison of empirical and theory, the theory was confirmed that small businesses have difficulty in acquiring new technology. At the end of the report you can read about the general conclusions and relationships that the analysis showed. A relationship that was clearly shown was the loyalty to each of the supplier. It also turned out to be relatively unfair to apply the literature and the theory of capital companies to these small businesses.

En kraftigt tilltagande digitalisering och teknologisk utveckling har skapat hastiga förändringar i efterfrågan på spetskompetens inom olika yrkesområden. Antalet organisationer som idag primärt tillgodoser sin personalstyrka och kompetensförsörjning genom att fastanställa minskar. Detta syns inte minst inom konsultbranschen där antalet GIG:are som erbjuder mer specifika kompetenser ökat. Tidigare forskningen kring konsultprocessen har inte tagit hänsyn till GIG:arnas intrång i konsulbranschen, ej heller belyst betydelsen av organisationers rutinskapande för inköpsprocessen av konsulter. Syftet med studien var således att undersöka hur organisationer hanterar sin inköpsprocess av konsulter när konsultbranschen i allt större utsträckning utgörs av GIG:are, vilket belystes utifrån ett rutinperspektiv. För att uppnå detta genomfördes intervjuer med representanter från tre organisationer som har olika rutiner i sina inköpsprocesser. Studien visar att de undersökta organisationerna samtliga hade format sina rutiner för inköpsprocessen efter den ökade tillgängligheten till GIG:are inom konsultbranschen. Därutöver verkar sättet de format sig på höra ihop med hur rutinbaserade organisationerna var sedan tidigare.

The purchasing function has become a strategic position for most companies. Activity in an organization cannot be performed without the presence of the information, which means that communication is important for being able to perform a task or activity. Communication related to the purchasing process has been investigated at Gavlegårdarna, a real estate company located in Gävle. In this work, Gavlegårdarna wanted to examine whether there is an opportunity to improve communication and investigate factors that lead to a lack of communication. The purpose of this study was to get a general image and increase understanding of factors that affect communication. The study is based on a case study, where one interview took place in the purchasing department and a questionnaire sent out to people who work daily with purchasing function.

This essay focuses on strategies for acquisitions in Swedish publiclibraries. The topic has been occuring in the public debate off andon since the70s. The dominant view has been that librarians haveallowed demand direct the purchases of media and thus haveignored quality literature.This debate has caused me to reflect on the librarians constantdilemma when purchasing media. Are they supposed to chooseliterature that are in demand, or should an evaluation made bylibrarians be the decisive?The previous research has shown that the library profession istraditionally characterized by a non-judgmental approach. It alsosuggests that librarians rather talk about their informationintermediary role than their work with acquisitions.My theoretical problem is a somewhat provoking hypothesis thatlibrarians are reluctant to appear as arbiters and that this can havea direct or nondirect impact on acquisitions.My purpose with this paper is to study which one of the selectioncriteria; demand, quality or professional competence is the mostdominant in the texts, an also how the acquisitions are organized.As source material I use collection development policies.From the result of the investigation I conclude that demand is thedominant selection criteria. Thus it is the patron who is put at thecenter, rather than quality and the librarian´s expertise regardingacquisitions. The competence of the librarian is however mentionedin the acquisition process, sometimes in an indirect way, but it isnot highlighted in the texts.I therefore argue that there is evidence to suggest that librarians asprofessionals do not want to emphasize their role as arbiters andthat it affects the media selection in Swedish public libraries. / Program: Masterprogram: Biblioteks- och informationsvetenskap, distansutbildning

The aim of this thesis is to examine the Swedish public libraries acquisition processes when it comes to fiction for adults. The thesis focus on how the librarians responsible for acquiring view literary quality when they manage their collections and how their views coincide with that of the user’s explicit wishes. Furthermore this thesis looks at the librarians reading habits and how they coincide with that of their perceived users.The study uses literature pedagogic perspective theory to see how the librarians look at fiction and what they value in it. In order to get answers six librarians have been interviewed in this study that uses a qualitative approach to getting answers. None of the interviewed librarians’ expressed that they, or the public library where they are active have an expressed criteria when it comes to quality it’s rather the opposite. They all try to manage between satisfying the user’s requests and maintaining a balance of different genres in their collections.The interviewed librarians all feel that it is more important to them that their users read literature at all rather then what they read. Several of the interviewed librarians mean that if they keep supplying the users with what they ask for that in itself increases the possibilities of the librarian to steer them towards more advanced literature in the future. / Program: Bibliotekarie

Publication of science fiction has a tradition in Sweden. Adult-fantasy does not. In recentyears, the 1980&apos;s, Swedish publishers have realised how profitable fantasy is. Of the totalpublication of the two genres between 1989 and 1994, 54% was science fiction and 46%was fantasy. The reason for this even balance is that fantasy-books get reprinted more frequentlythan science fiction-books. However, there are more science fiction-titles published thanfantasy-titles.The four public libraries that I have examined have similar methods of acquiring books. Theyhave all, just about, acquired the same titles of fantasy while the science fiction acquired differsto a large degree. The four libraries • acquisitions are similar to those of the libraries connectedto Bibliotekstjänst&apos;s database BURK. The differences between the four libraries lie in thenumber of science fiction and fantasy-books and the distribution of different languages thebooks were originally published in.

The purpose of this study is to investigate how students in a Swedishjunior high school (grade 7-9) view their possibility to participate in thecollection management of their school library, and how the schoollibrary works to involve the students when purchasing media. The studyhas resulted in a model for easy and effective involvement of studentsin the collection development.To achieve this aim both quantitative and qualitative methods are used.A survey in three classes in the school, observations at the schoollibrary and a qualitative interview with the library assistant have beenperformed. The collection management at the school library isdescribed using the School Library Taxonomies developed by DavidLoertscher and two models for participation developed by Roger A Hartand Harry Shier. In the survey, the students are asked about their libraryand reading habits, their perception of their own participation in thecollection management of the library and their opinions of theimportance of student participation in the library.The results show that all students view the possibility of participation as something important, but not all of the students are willing to be active themselves. The proposed model for effective involvement of students in the library focuses on simplicity, voluntariness, distinct information and visible results. / Program: Masterprogram: Biblioteks- och informationsvetenskap, Digitala bibliotek och informationstjänster

The purpose of this bachelor thesis is to accomplish an understanding for how librarians purchase fiction literature in public libraries. To answer these questions, we have performed four qualitative interviews with librarians in three Swedish municipalities. We have also performed a smaller document study to give us an overview of the used guidelines at the selected libraries. The results of our survey have been analyzed on the basis of our revised version of Sanna Talja’s model The Interpretative Repertoires of the Music Library. Our findings show that the librarians in our study are using several documented guidelines and standards in their work. The standards considered to be most important appear to be the librarians own experiences, while the library’s cultural documents and library plans are their primary source for guidelines. The purchase process is handled differently in all of our examined libraries, and because of the literary institution’s constant change, there could be several problems concerning selection when it comes to quality. The public’s demand for literature is considered a priority when the interviewed librarians make their selection, which is also influenced by the librarians’ own tastes.

Dagens konsumenter har många valmöjligheter vilket leder till ökad konkurrens mellan företagen på marknaden. Ett effektivt sätt för ett företag att minska konkurrensen är att försöka skilja sig från mängden genom profilering. Företaget behöver då ha en nisch samt en kännedom av den målgrupp som de inriktar sig på för att på så sätt veta vad målgruppen efterfrågar. Det krävs även för företaget att erbjuda rätt varor, i rätt kvalitet, med rätt pris och leverera dem i rätt tid. De ovannämnda faktorerna skapar tillsammans konsumentvärde vilket är det slutgiltiga målet.Syftet med vår rapport är att undersöka, beskriva och analysera de kritiska händelserna i inköpsprocessen, för att ta reda på vilka faktorer som skapar konsumentvärde utifrån ett inköpsperspektiv samt ett marknadsperspektiv. I undersökningen har vi använt oss av kvalitativ metod i form av personliga intervjuer med tre olika företag samt en kvantitativ metod i form av konsumentenkäter, därav 30 konsumenter deltog i undersökningen.Vi har berört olika ämnesområden i vår teoretiska referensram genom en skildring av relevanta teorier och modeller som underlag för undersökningen som i sin tur legat till grund för vår analys och slutsatser.Slutsatserna som vi har kommit fram till är att det är alla de kritiska faktorerna såsom pris, kvalité, service, design, trendighet och timing som tillsammans skapar konsumentvärde. Dock kan vissa faktorer vara mindre viktiga beroende på typ av produkter. Nischade företag erbjuder oftast icke priskänsliga varor då det är andra faktorer såsom design, kvalité och service som anses vara mer viktiga. Ett företag bör inse att alla faktorerna är betydelsefulla när de sätts in i ett sammanhang. Således är alla stegen i inköpsprocessen är lika kritiska och betydande för att slutresultatet, det vill säga konsumentvärde skall uppnås. / Uppsatsnivå: C