Les théâtres d’opérations militaires s’organisent aujourd’hui sous la forme de coalitions. Les forces armées qui sont déployées possèdent des moyens technologiques (communication, routage) et créent des réseaux sans fil. Le mouvement de ces forces sur le terrain donne au réseau une topologie fortement dynamique. Il se caractérise comme un réseau sans fil mobile, plus communément appelé MANET (Mobile Ad hoc NETwork). Pour l’efficacité de la mission et des communications, il est intéressant d’interconnecter facilement les différents groupes participant à la coalition. Cependant, chaque membre de la coalition possède sa propre architecture et souhaite rester autonome, sans s’adapter aux autres. Comme les opérateurs ont pu le faire lors de la création de l’Internet avec le protocole BGP (Border Gateway Protocol), il est nécessaire de créer un protocole qui connecte tous ces groupes participant à la coalition. Ce protocole doit permettre de créer des connexions inter-groupes, supporter facilement les changements de topologies et appliquer des politiques de routage qui permettent d’indiquer des préférences de groupes à emprunter, par exemple. Dans cette thèse, nous allons dans un premier temps étudier la non-adaptabilité de BGP sur les réseaux MANET. Puis, nous étudierons les différentes propositions de la littérature. Ensuite, nous présenterons notre solution ITMAN (Inter Tactical Mobile Ad hoc Network) dans sa première version et les améliorations que nous avons pu y apporter. Enfin, nous terminerons ce manuscrit par les perspectives qui peuvent être menées suite à cette thèse. / Nowadays, military operations are organized as coalitions. The armed forces that are deployed have technological features (communication, routing) that create wireless networks. The mobility of these forces on the ground means that the network has a highly dynamic topology. This is a mobile wireless network, more commonly called MANET (Mobile Ad hoc NETwork). For mission and communication efficencies, interconnection between the various groups participating in the coalition is necessary. However, each member of the coalition has its own architecture and wants to keep independancy from the other groups technologies. This situation is similar as the Internet construction, where operators were able to interconnect their infrastructures with BGP (Border Gateway Protocol). It is important to create a protocol that can connect all the groups involved in the coalition. This protocol should allow inter-group connections, easily support topology changes and apply routing policies that specifies groups on the route preferences, for example. In this thesis, we first study the adaptability issues of BGP on MANET. Then, we study the proposals that have been made in the literature. Next, we present ITMAN (Inter Tactical Mobile Ad Hoc Network) in its first version and the improvements that have been made. Finally, we will conclude this manuscript with the perspectives that can be highlighted following this thesis.

Neste trabalho apresentamos a determinação autoconsistente da constante de interação spin-órbita em heteroestruturas com duas sub-bandas. Como recentemente proposto, ao obter o hamiltoneano de um sistema com duas sub-bandas na aproximação de massa efetiva, constata-se a presença de um acoplamento inter-subbanda que não se anula mesmo em heteroestruturas simétricas. Apresentamos aqui as deduções teóricas que levaram à proposição desse novo acoplamento e mostramos o cálculo autoconsistente da intensidade do acoplamento e a comparamos com a intensidade do acoplamento Rashba, já amplamente estudado. Discutimos o método k.p e a Aproximação da Função Envelope e mostramos a obtenção do modelo de Kane 8x8 para semicondutores com estrutura zincblende. Aplicamos o método do \"folding down\'\' ao hamiltoneano de Kane isolando o setor correspondente à banda de condução. Escrevemos dessa forma um hamiltoneano efetivo para a banda de condução no contexto de um poço quântico com uma barreira. Através da projeção desse hamiltoneano nos dois primeiros estados da parte orbital verifica-se o surgimento de um acoplamento inter-subbanda. Finalmente escrevemos o hamiltoneano efetivo 4x4 que descreve as duas primeiras subbandas de um poço quântico e obtivemos seus autoestados e autoenergias. Finalmente fizemos o cálculo autoconsistente das funções de onda e energias de um gás de elétrons em poços quânticos simples e duplos através da aproximação de Hartree e a partir desses resultados determinamos o valor da constante de acoplamento Rashba e da nova constante inter-subbanda. Entre os resultados obtidos destacam-se o controle elétrico da constante de acoplamento inter-subbanda através de um eletrodo externo e um efeito de renormalização da massa efetiva que pode chegar até 5% em algumas estruturas. / In this work we present the self-consistent determination of the spin-orbit coupling constant in heterostructure with two subbands.As recently proposed, the effective hamiltonian for the conduction band in the effective mass approximation contains an inter-subband spin-orbit coupling which is non-zero even for symmetric heterostructures. We present the theoretical derivation which leads to this proposal and show a selfconsistent determination of the coupling constant. We also compare the magnitude of the new coupling constant with the usual Rashba coupling. Starting with a discussion of the k.p method and the Envelope Function Approximation (EFA) we show the derivation of the 8x8 Kane model for semiconductors with zincblende structure. We then apply the \"folding down\'\' method, isolating the conduction band sector of the EFA hamiltonian. By projecting this hamiltonian in the first two states of the orbital part, we find an effective 4x4 hamiltonian that contains an inter-subband spin orbit coupling. The eingenvalues and eigenvectors of this hamiltonian are shown and, specializing the model for single and double quantum wells, we self-consistently determine the inter-subband and Rashba coupling constants in the Hartree approximation. The results indicate the possibility of electrical control of the coupling constant and show an effective mass renormalization effect that can be up to 5% in some cases.

Submitted by Marlene Santos (marlene.bc.ufg@gmail.com) on 2014-11-14T19:58:22Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Joseane Alves Ribeiro - 2013.pdf: 2864216 bytes, checksum: 55d6eacfd80b08cbad5f96286c3203ba (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Jaqueline Silva (jtas29@gmail.com) on 2014-11-18T15:41:33Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Joseane Alves Ribeiro - 2013.pdf: 2864216 bytes, checksum: 55d6eacfd80b08cbad5f96286c3203ba (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-11-18T15:41:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Joseane Alves Ribeiro - 2013.pdf: 2864216 bytes, checksum: 55d6eacfd80b08cbad5f96286c3203ba (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-10-31 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Since the first philosophers and thinkers, love has been the target of curiosity and has became a topic widely explor ed in dif fer ent ar eas, and in movies, love is always one of the most r ecurr ent themes. Mor e r ecently the same eyes seem to have tur ned their focus to the cities. They have been the center of debates in various ar eas of knowledge, and occupy an incr easingly impor tant r ole in film narratives, not only appearing as a backdr op but being par t of the narrative as pr otagonists. Love and cities star in the r ecent pr oductions of Cities of Love , a franchise of films by Fr ench filmmaker Emmanuel Benbihy , whose aim is to por tray love in the big cities. Paris, je t'aime (2006) and New Y ork, I love you (2009), both for med by a collection of small stories about love in each of the r espective cities, pr ovide images of the city , love, cultural diversity , the self and others. Fr om the observation of the film and with the aid of studies in the fields of communication, cinema and sociology , concepts such as multiculturalism and inter culturalism, and film analysis as methodology , this paper aims to investigate the r epr esentation of for eigners in the films, focusing on ethnic and racial identities. / Desde os primeir os filósofos e pensador es, o sentimento amor foi alvo de curiosidade e tor nou-se um tema amplamente explorado em difer entes ár eas, sendo que no cinema ele sempr e faz par te das temáticas mais r ecorr entes. Mais r ecentemente os mesmos olhar es par ecem ter voltado seu foco para as cidades. Elas têm sido o centr o de debates em diversas ár eas do conhecimento, e ocupam um papel cada vez mais impor tante nas narrativas cinematográficas, deixando de apar ecer apenas como cenário e para tor nar -sem par te da narrativa como pr otagonistas. Amor e cidade pr otagonizam as r ecentes pr oduções de Cities of Love , uma franquia de filmes do cineasta francês Emmanuel Benbihy , cujo objetivo é r etratar o amor nas grandes cidades. Paris, je t'aime (2006) e New Y ork, I love you (2009), ambos for mados por uma compilação de pequenas narrativas sobr e o amor em cada uma das r espectivas cidades, nos for necem imagens da cidade, do amor , da diversidade cultural, do eu e do outr o. A par tir da observação dos filmes e com o auxílio de estudos nos campos da comunicação, do cinema e da sociologia, de conceitos como multiculturalismo e inter culturalidade, e da análise fílmica, este trabalho pr etende investigar as r epr esentações do outr o no cinema, especialmente das identidades étnicas e raciais.

Numa abordagem inter/transdisciplinar, pretende-se pesquisar como é possível articular-se a Análise Crítica do Discurso (ACD) ao estudo das estruturas sócio-econômico-políticas de um determinado momento histórico, no caso, o brasileiro, da segunda metade do século XX. A carta-testamento deixada pelo político gaúcho Getúlio Dornelles Vargas, então presidente da República, por ocasião de seu suicídio, no Palácio do Catete, Rio de Janeiro, em 24 de agosto de 1954, constitui-se em objeto privilegiado para uma análise inter/transdisciplinar, tendo como eixo epistemológico a Linguística Crítica. Buscou-se na presente análise, embasamento teórico nas contribuições de estudiosos como Norman Fairclough, Teun A. van Djik, Michael A.K. Halliday, entre outros. As ideias de Edgar Morin, teórico do pensamento complexo enriqueceram a parte do trabalho relativa à abordagem inter/transdisciplinar. As reflexões de Hilton Japiassu sobre o papel da abordagem inter/transdisciplinar nas pesquisas científicas foram também incorporadas. Recorreu-se, além disso, ao estudo do ethos discursivo, outro elemento norteador do trabalho. Com base nos referidos fundamentos, objetivou-se fazer uma análise linguística, social e política da carta-testamento, firmada pelo enunciador (Getúlio Vargas), cuja construção revela vontade de dominação e instrumentalização política do enunciatário (o povo brasileiro).As categorias abordadas foram a histórica, a emocional, a mística, a linguística, e a do ethos discursivo de Vargas. Teve-se em mira configurar, assim, a factibilidade do diálogo da linguística com teorias sociais, de forma inter/transdisciplinar e contextualizadora. Nesse sentido, pode-se também dizer que limitar a ACD à análise da linguagem (fugindo, aliás, a seus pressupostos) é prejudicial a uma visão de conjunto em que os sistemas de signos socialmente constituídos encontram-se integrados. Conclui-se pelo diálogo possível e necessário entre a ACD e uma abordagem inter/transdisciplinar profunda do discurso, que leve em consideração o contexto da produção, o discurso como prática social, e como as relações de poder, dominação e controle podem estabelecer-se e manter-se através de formas diferentes de linguagem. / In an inter/transdisciplinary approach, the researcher intends to articulate the ACD with the study of socio-economic-political structures of a certain historical moment, in this case, the Brazilian, on the second half of the 20th Century. The Letter-testament left by the gaucho politician Getúlio Dornelles Vargas, then president of the Republic, by the time of his suicide, at the Palace of Catete, Rio de Janeiro, on August 24th, 1954, became the main object for an inter/transdisciplinary analyses, having as its epistemological support, the Critical Linguistic. In such analyses, theoretical bases were found in the studies of Norman Fairclough, Teun A. van Dijk, Michael A. K. Halliday, amongst others. Edgar Morin´s ideas, expert on the theory of complex thought, enriched the part of the work related to the inter/transdisciplinary approach. Hilton Japiassu´s thoughts of the role of inter/transdisciplinary approach to scientific research have been incorporated here as well. Contributions from the studies of the ethos of a discourse were taken into consideration. Based on the above principals, a linguistic, social and political analysis were done over the Letter-testament, signed by the enunciator (Getúlio Vargas), in whose text he reveals a will for domination and political manipulation of the Brazilian people. The categories studied were the historical, emotional, mystic, linguistic and discursive ethos. As the work is developed, it is possible to construct a dialogue between the linguistic and the social theories, due to the inter/transdisciplinary and contextualized approach. Going one step further, one can say that limiting ACD to the simple analyses of language (in fact, running away from its aims) is harmful to a more complete vision of the signals socially constructed and integrated. The conclusion goes for the possible dialogue amongst ACD and other social sciences in an inter/transdisciplinary approach, taking into consideration the context of the Letter-testament, the discourse as a social practice, and how the relationships of power, domination and control can be stablished and maintained through different ways of using a language.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2017-02-17T13:36:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 normaribeironassersalomao.pdf: 924442 bytes, checksum: 3ec38a0562bcd5b3ef862dc53d138c23 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-02-20T17:49:59Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 normaribeironassersalomao.pdf: 924442 bytes, checksum: 3ec38a0562bcd5b3ef862dc53d138c23 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-20T17:49:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 normaribeironassersalomao.pdf: 924442 bytes, checksum: 3ec38a0562bcd5b3ef862dc53d138c23 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-06-26 / Este trabalho se propõe a pesquisar a sensibilidade para o diálogo inter-religioso em Thomas Merton a partir de sua experiência monástica de solidão, silêncio, contemplação e compaixão. Tenta refazer seu percurso na perspectiva dialogal e compreender a atração que as religiões orientais exerceram sobre ele, dando ênfase ao Sufismo, Taoísmo e Zen Budismo. Aborda as reflexões teóricas e sua vivência no campo do diálogo ainda dentro do mosteiro, que culminaram com sua viagem à Ásia, onde o monge trapista encontrou-se com grandes mestres espirituais do Oriente, fazendo então, a conexão entre o pensamento cristão e o budista. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo dar uma visão panorâmica dos fatores internos e externos que contribuíram para o diálogo em Merton ao longo de sua jornada. Na sua interpretação, tanto aprofundar-se na própria religião quanto buscar conhecimento em outras crenças, são importantes para que os interlocutores do diálogo possam chegar a uma autêntica experiência de troca, de partilha e de fortalecimento da fé. O diálogo teria como meta alcançar um nível mais profundo de comunicação, que Merton denominou comunhão, sem, contudo, perder a singularidade inerente a cada tradição religiosa. / This one aims to search for the sensibility of the inter religious dialogue in Thomas Merton from his monastic experience of solitude, silence, contemplation as well as compassion. It tries to rebuild his way under a dialogal perspective, and, also, understand the attraction which the Eastern Religions exerted on him, emphasizing the Sufism, Taoism and Zen Buddhist. It goes around the theoretical reflections besides his experiences over the dialogue field yet inside the monastery, which culminate with his trip to Asia where the trappist monk met great Eastern spiritual masters, so that, he found out the conection between the buddhist and christian thoughts. This search got as a target giving an open wide panoramic view of inside and outside factors that contributed to the dialogue in Merton along his journey. Under his interpretation both getting into his own religion and searching knowledge in other belief, they are important for the speakers of the dialogue may get to an authentic partition, sharing experience and a deep stronger faith as well. The dialogue would aim to reach for a higher level of communication, which Merton named communion, however, without losing its singularity inherent to every religious tradition.

Esse trabalho tem como objetivo principal avaliar o atual cenário de biotecnologia no Brasil em termos econômicos, políticos e institucionais e, com base nessas informações, avaliar as condições pré-existentes que favorecem a implantação de uma rede inter-organizacional de empresas de biotecnologia no Brasil. Para que fosse possível tal avaliação foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica que trouxe informações sobre: a biotecnologia enquanto oportunidade de negócio; os cenários nacional e internacional de biotecnologia; as características das empresas de base tecnológica e de biotecnologia no Brasil; os principais conceitos de rede de cooperação; o atual ambiente e as políticas para inovação e estímulo ao desenvolvimento da biotecnologia no Brasil. Para validar o quadro conceitual realizou-se pesquisa de campo com o estudo da recente experiência da BRBiotec - Rede Brasileira de Empresas de Biotecnologia, que, nasce com o propósito de dinamizar as várias cadeias produtivas que utilizam a biotecnologia no Brasil. Adotou-se, para coleta de informações de campo, sistematização e interpretação dos dados metodologia quantitativa e qualitativa combinadas, na forma de questionário eletrônico. Os resultados obtidos apontam para a necessidade de institucionalização de uma rede como instrumento essencial para a consolidação da biotecnologia no Brasil, envolvendo, não somente organismos públicos, mas principalmente organizações empresariais. / This work has as main purpose the evaluation of the current biotechnology scenery in Brazil in economical, political and institutional terms and, based on those information, to evaluate the pre-existent conditions that favor the implantation of an inter-organizational net of biotechnology companies in Brazil. In order to make possible such evaluation it was accomplished a bibliographical review that brought information on: biotechnology as a business opportunity; the national and international biotechnology sceneries; the characteristics of the technological based companies and the biotechnology in Brazil; the main concepts of cooperation net; the current atmosphere and the politics for innovation and incentive to the development of the biotechnology in Brazil. To validate the conceptual picture a field research about the recent experience of BRBiotec - Brazilian Net of Companies of Biotechnology took place. This net was born with the purpose of impelling the several productive chains that use the biotechnology in Brazil. It was adopted, for collection of field information, systemization and interpretation of the data and quantitative and qualitative methodology combined as electronic questionnaire. The obtained results point to the need of institutionalization of a net as essential instrument for the consolidation of the biotechnology in Brazil, involving, not only public organization, but mainly business organizations.

Submitted by Josimara Dias Brumatti (bcgdigital@ndc.uff.br) on 2017-04-10T14:11:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 VERSÃO FINAL DISSERTAÇÃO ESTER.pdf: 798182 bytes, checksum: c42dcc4dc04de3c1dd4fbb29d3477aa5 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Josimara Dias Brumatti (bcgdigital@ndc.uff.br) on 2017-04-10T14:12:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 VERSÃO FINAL DISSERTAÇÃO ESTER.pdf: 798182 bytes, checksum: c42dcc4dc04de3c1dd4fbb29d3477aa5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-10T14:12:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 VERSÃO FINAL DISSERTAÇÃO ESTER.pdf: 798182 bytes, checksum: c42dcc4dc04de3c1dd4fbb29d3477aa5 (MD5) / Propomos, neste trabalho, compreender e problematizar as posições sujeito-falante e sujeito-ouvinte da língua estrangeira a partir de reflexões desenvolvidas na teoria da Análise de Discurso de orientação pecheutiana na interface com a psicanálise. O interesse por esse tema surgiu durante as aulas de língua espanhola em um curso de idioma, nas quais era possível perceber enunciados que apontavam para uma aparente recusa por parte dos alunos de assumir as posições de sujeito-falante e/ou sujeito-ouvinte da LE, o que parece ser contraditório, já que há um investimento para aprender a LE. Nesse contexto, decidimos observar, a partir dessas posições sujeito (que são assumidas pela circunscrição do evento comunicativo estabelecido na sala de aula), possíveis sentidos que suscitam da relação sujeito/língua. Para efeito, utilizamos autores como Melmam (1992), Celada (2002, 2004, 2008), Tavares (2005), Revuz (2001), Coracini (2003, 2007), Orrú (2010), etc., que buscam refletir sobre o processo de ensino-aprendizagem a partir dos campos teóricos supracitados. No que se refere ao corpus de análise, foram utilizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas gravadas em áudio durante as aulas de língua estrangeira em um curso privado de idioma na cidade do Rio de Janeiro/RJ. A partir do funcionamento discursivo, nosso corpus de análise, formado por transcrição das entrevistas, foi constituído por sequências discursivas (SD) que apresentam as mesmas características. Foi possível perceber, através das análises discursivas, as imagens construídas pelo sujeito-falante e ouvinte da LE, sobre si (apresentada a partir do discurso do bom-sujeito aluno) e sobre sua aprendizagem (a partir do discurso de obrigatoriedade). Além disso, percebemos em nosso corpus de investigação, discursos que resistem à posição sujeito-falante e ouvinte da LE, os quais interpretamos, como não-captura desses sujeitos pela língua espanhola. / Proponemos, en este trabajo, comprender y problematizar las posiciones sujeto-hablante y sujeto-oyente de la lengua extranjera desde reflexiones desarrolladas en la teoría de Análisis de Discurso de orientación pecheutiana en interfaces con el psicoanálisis. El interés por ese tema surgió en las clases de lengua española en un curso de lenguas, en que fue posible percibir enunciados que apuntaban para una aparente recusa de los alumnos al asumir las posiciones de sujeto-hablante y/o sujeto-oyente de la LE, lo que parece una contradicción, ya que hay una inversión para aprender la LE. En ese contexto, decidimos observar, desde las posiciones sujeto (que son asumidas por medio de la circunscripción del evento comunicativo establecido en el salón de clase), posibles sentidos que suscitan de la relación sujeto/lengua. Para efecto, utilizamos autores como Melmam (1992), Celada (2002, 2004, 2008), Tavares (2005), Revuz (2001), Coracini (2003, 2007), Orrú (2010), etc., que buscan reflexionar a respecto del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje desde los campos teóricos ya dichos. A lo que se refiere al corpus de análisis, utilizamos entrevistas semiestructuradas grabadas en audio durante las clases de lengua extranjera en un curso de lenguas en la ciudad de Rio de Janeiro/RJ. Desde el funcionamiento discursivo, nuestro corpus de análisis, formado por transcripciones de las entrevistas, fue constituido por secuencias discursivas (SD) que presentan las mismas características. Fue posible percibir, a través de análisis discursivas, las imágenes construidas por los sujetos-hablante y oyente de la LE, a respecto de si (presentada por los discursos de buen-sujeto alumno) y sobre su aprendizaje (a partir del discurso de obligatoriedad). Además, percibimos en nuestro corpus de investigación discursos que resisten la posición sujeto-hablante y sujeto-oyente de LE, los cuales interpretamos, como no captura de esos sujetos por la lengua española.

In extreme weather conditions and activity levels of human subjects evaporation of sweat is critical for maintaining the sensorial and thermal comfort. Fabrics, from which clothes worn next to the skin are made, play an important role in facilitating the transfer of body liquid perspiration away from the skin to the environment through the mechanisms of capillary flow and evaporation. This work is a theoretical and experimental investigation of water flow characteristics of plain knitted fabrics with relevance to their structure geometry and constituent fibre chemistry. Plain knitted fabrics were produced by systematically varying different production parameters including fibre type, fibre orientation, yarn folding, yarn twist, yarn linear density, and blend ratio. Cotton and polyester fibres were used. Some commercial fabrics were included in the study. The gravimetric absorbency test system (GATS) was adapted for testing the water areal flow and uptake rates through the fabrics. Yarns taken from the produced fabrics were also tested for horizontal linear flow of liquid water. A theoretical model to predict the capillary flow of liquid water through yarns was proposed. The model is based on the representation of the inter-fibre pores in terms of the hydraulic radius theory. It is established that the plain knitted fabric configuration as interlocking of loops plays an important role in facilitating the capillary flow of liquid water through the fabric. The yarn contact at the crossover points of the knitted loop enables a connected path for liquid flow which increases at higher contact pressure at the crossover points. If the contact pressure increases beyond a certain limit it starts to negatively affect the flow because the higher pressure reduces yarn porosity. When the number of yarns in contact with the liquid source per unit area of the fabric plane increases the capillary flow increases. Fabric compactness, which is controlled by yarn diameter and stitch length, is an important fabric parameter that determines these effects the fabric configuration have on the capillary flow. The experiments and the micro-structural analysis revealed that inter-fibre pores within the plain knitted fabric transfer the capillary driven liquid water through the structure at a faster rate. These pores hold the higher percentage of the fabric total air volume. It was also established that both fibre chemical nature and yarn fine structure geometry have critical effects on the apparent contact angle which is a critical factor controling capillary flow of liquid water. The smooth yarn surface made of filament polyester fibre gave a low apparent contact angle in contrast with the constituent filament which showed a high real contact angle. On the contrary, due to the more disorderly fibre arrangement on the yarn surface, yarns made of the staple polyester fibre showed a similar high contact angle to the constituent fibre. The experimental results of capillary flow of liquid water through yarns showed a strong correlation with the estimated results based on the theoretical model derived from the Kozeny-Carman equation. The model provides theoretical basis for understanding the effects of the geometric and material parameters on the capillary flow through the yarn. The model predicts that as the total fibre perimeter within the yarn cross section increases, or yarn porosity decreases, the velocity decreases, however, the eventual distance the water travels through the yarn increases.

This study provides a systematic description of the nature and evolution of major transactions in the U.S. apparel sector, using a theory that applies across sectors. This research investigates the determinants of the existence and magnitude of major inter-firm transactions, relying on a unique longitudinal dataset of over 2,000 of the largest transactional (buy-sell) relations between publicly traded firms in the U.S. apparel sector. The results indicate the importance of inter-firm complementarity, rather than inter-firm similarity, in explaining the sector architecture; thus contributing to the future improvement of industry classification systems. This study also contributes to a deeper understanding of the apparel sector focusing on the change in the relative importance of manufacturing activities versus service activities and in the involvement of firms from the outside apparel sector. Implications of inter-firm transactions are discussed regarding industry policies, and human and environmental welfare in manufacturing and raw materials industries.

Cette thèse étudie les typologies des stratégies inter-organisationnelles que peuvent entretenir les firmes pour développer des innovations produits. Elle se donne pour objet de mesurer les implications de ces choix stratégiques sur l'innovation produit et sur la performance marché de ces innovations. D'un point de vue théorique, cette recherche se base à la fois (1) sur le cadre d'analyse des stratégies inter-organisationnelles, en mobilisant notamment les concepts de stratégie individuelle, de coopération avec des non-rivaux et de coopétition ainsi que (2) sur l'innovation produit, au regard des concepts d'innovation radicale et incrémentale. Le terrain de cette recherche est le secteur de l'édition de jeux vidéo. La méthodologie est mixte. Une étude exploratoire qualitative basée sur l'analyse de trente entretiens réalisés avec les principaux acteurs de l'industrie des jeux vidéo permet d'identifier les stratégies inter-organisationnelles déployées pour développer des innovations produits radicales et incrémentales, et d'en dresser une typologie. Une étude quantitative teste les liens entre les stratégies inter-organisationnelles identifiées et l'innovation produit (régressions logistiques binaires), et le lien entre ces stratégies et la performance marché de l'innovation produit (régressions linéaires multivariées et comparaison des moyennes estimées). Cette thèse met en évidence trois résultats principaux, (1) le premier résultat montre que la coopétition est la stratégie la plus viable pour l'innovation produit et la performance marché de l'innovation radicale et incrémentale ; (2) le second résultat montre que la coopétition horizontale est la stratégie la plus viable pour la performance marché de l'innovation produit radicale et incrémentale, en comparaison avec la coopétition verticale (3) tandis que la stratégie de coopétition simultanément horizontale et verticale va être la plus viable pour la performance marché de l'innovation produit radicale et incrémentale en comparaison avec la coopétition horizontale. Ainsi, cette thèse démontre que la performance marché de l'innovation produit varie en fonction de la stratégie adoptée, du partenaire privilégié et en fonction du type d'innovation produit (radicale ou incrémentale). La thèse met en lumière également que, bien que la coopétition soit considérée comme une stratégie à haut risque, ce risque est associé à un niveau de performance élevé. / This thesis examines the typologies of inter-organizational strategies that firms can adopt to develop product innovation. It also highlights the implications of these strategies on the product innovation and on the market performance of these innovations. From a theoretical point of view, this research is based on (1) the analysis framework for the inter-organizational strategies, emphasizing the concepts of individual strategy, cooperation with non-competitors and co-opetition, as well as on (2) the product innovation, in the view of radical and incremental innovation concepts. The field of this research is the video game sector. The methodology is mixed. A qualitative exploratory study, based on the analysis of thirty interviews conducted with key actors in the video game industry, allowed the identification of the inter-organizational strategies, used to develop radical and incremental products innovations and to develop a typology. A quantitative study tests the relationship between the inter-organizational strategies identified and product innovation (binary logistic regression), and the link between these strategies and the market performance of product innovation (multivariate linear regression and estimated means comparison).This thesis highlights three key findings : (1) the first result shows that coopetition is the most viable strategy for product innovation and for the market performance of radical and incremental product innovation; (2) the second result shows that the horizontal coopetition is the most viable strategy for the market performance of radical and incremental product innovation, compared with the vertical coopetition, (3) while the strategy of simultaneously horizontal and vertical coopetition will be the most viable for the market performance of radical and incremental product innovation, in comparison with the horizontal coopetition. Thus, this thesis shows that the market performance of product innovation varies with the strategy, the partner and the type of product innovation (radical or incremental). In addition, the thesis highlights that, although coopetition is considered a high-risk strategy, risk is associated with a high level of performance.