Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:24:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Suely Mitie Kusano.pdf: 1999603 bytes, checksum: 50ad68d53cfb8dfa5c1f41db5431588e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-04-24 / The theme of this doctorate thesis is the intuitu personae adoption , considering the present relevance of the subject, the attendance to the minor s major interests in his insertion into the familiar life and the difficulties faced by those who show disposition to adopt children, taking as basis the legal rules expressed by the Child and Adolescent Statute. For this, and having analyzed the brazilian legal specific dispositions, we researched the practical problems observed in the accomplishment of the intention when the biological parents indicate the adopting person, concomitantly with their manifestation of giving the son to adoption, also confronting with the orientations internationally consigned in the Haia Convention to attend the minor, the family and the society s interests, as well as the major dispositions of the national doctrine and jurisprudence. By means of a retrospect of the historical evolution of the adoption institute, of a study of how the adoption is practiced nowadays in some outstanding countries, of a comparison with similar legal institutes and also of sociological and medical indications, we can sustain the viability of the intuitu personae adoption as a further way and process of minors adoption in Brazil. We think this can make the adoption process quicker, can support the minors interests and, at the same time, can shorten the social impact caused by the immense number of minors waiting for a definitive familiar life / Propõe-se a "adoção intuitu personae" como tema de estudo da presente tese de doutoramento, considerando a atualidade do assunto, o atendimento dos interesses prioritários do menor na sua inserção no convívio familiar e as dificuldades enfrentadas por aqueles que apresentam iniciativa para adoção de filhos, a partir das disposições legais expressas no Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente. Para tanto, analisadas as disposições específicas da legislação pátria, pesquisamos os problemas práticos verificados na efetivação da medida quando os pais biológicos indicam o adotante, concomitantemente com a manifestação de disponibilizar o filho à adoção, confrontando com as orientações consignadas internacionalmente na Convenção de Haia para atendimento dos interesses sociais do menor, da família e da sociedade, bem como o posicionamento majoritário da doutrina e jurisprudência nacional. Procedendo-se a um retrospecto na evolução histórica do instituto da adoção, estudo de como a adoção é atualmente praticada em alguns países referenciais, comparação com institutos jurídicos similares e indicações médico-sociológicos pertinentes, permite-nos sustentar a viabilidade da adoção intuitu personae como mais uma forma e meio de adoção de menores no Brasil, objetivando agilizar o processo adotivo e melhor amparar os interesses destes, ao mesmo tempo em que se reduz o impacto social causado pela grande quantidade de menores aguardando convívio familiar definitivo

In Brazil, more than 80 000 children live into foster care, but only 10% of this total are available for adoption - the others are awaiting if their status: return to parents, adoption or continued foster care. Children removed from the biological family that have more than three years old, are black, male, or have special needs are not desired by those who wish to adopt. In 2009, was enacted the Law of Adoption Law n. 12.010/09, which is proposed to bring effectiveness to the right to family of institutionalized children and adolescents. After the movement of the new constitutionalism into the civil law, it is important verify if the current model of adoption has compatibility with the current paradigm of positive law in Brazil, especially in the legal recognition of affection and care for the protection of fundamental rights. Also, this study proposes to investigate how the state can or should interfere with regard to adoptions of children and adolescents, considering the different types of adoption admitted in Brazil and in other countries. From this perspective the questions are: how to make Brazilian s adoption model appropriate to new constitutionalism? The adoption, after the enactment of Law 12.010/09, attends the fundamental rights printed in the Federal Constitution and other laws? The right of familiar living and other principles and rights are being protected by law operators? To find the answers, this work elected to theoretical research, with compiling and review of bibliography on the themes proposed. Also, was adopted the documentary research, with analysis of relevant legislation, jurisprudence, foreign law, and statistical analysis. It is expected, with the study of the theme proposed, bring proposals for improving the posture of the law operator facing the issues of child adoption. Finally, it is expected that this research encourage public policies that promote the effective access of the child and adolescent's rights. / No Brasil, mais de 80 mil crianças estão acolhidas em instituições, mas apenas 10% desse total estão totalmente aptas à adoção as demais aguardam a finalização dos processos de destituição do poder familiar. Crianças retiradas da família biológica que possuam mais de três anos de idade, negras, do sexo masculino, ou portadoras de necessidades especiais não são desejadas por aqueles que pretendem adotar, crescendo e se desenvolvendo em situação de abrigamento. Em 2009, entrou em vigor a chamada Lei de Adoção Lei n. 12.010/09, a qual se propôs trazer efetividade ao direito à convivência familiar de crianças e adolescentes institucionalizados. Após o movimento de constitucionalização do direito civil, cumpre verificar se o atual modelo de adoção vigente no país está em conformidade com os atuais paradigmas do direito positivo brasileiro, sobretudo no reconhecimento do valor jurídico do afeto e do cuidado pela tutela dos direitos fundamentais. Destarte, este estudo propõe-se a investigar de que forma o Estado pode ou deve interferir no tocante às adoções de crianças e adolescentes, em razão das modalidades de adoção existentes e aquelas admitidas pela legislação brasileira. Nessa perspectiva questiona-se: como tornar a adoção adequada aos contornos do neoconstitucionalismo? A adoção, após a vigência da Lei 12.010/09, está em conformidade com os direitos fundamentais estampados na Constituição Federal e demais normas infraconstitucionais? O direito à convivência familiar e seus corolários estão sendo adequadamente tutelados pelos operadores do direito? Para cumprir o mister proposto neste trabalho, elegeu-se a pesquisa teórica, com compilação e revisão de material bibliográfico acerca dos temas propostos. Paralelamente, adotou-se a pesquisa documental, com análise da legislação pertinente, jurisprudência, direito estrangeiro e análise estatística. Espera-se, com o estudo do tema proposto, trazer propostas e embasamentos doutrinários para uma melhoria da postura do jurista frente à questão da adoção de crianças e adolescentes. Anseia-se, por fim, que essa pesquisa frutifique em políticas públicas que propiciem o efetivo acesso da criança e do adolescente aos direitos e garantias fundamentais de que são titulares. / Mestre em Direito Público

O grande número de crianças acolhidas institucionalmente no Brasil contemporâneo é uma constante que incomoda a sociedade e pede uma solução urgente do Estado, seja do ponto de vista da assistência social, seja no âmbito da assistência jurídica. Analisar de que modo o direito está contribuindo para a mudança deste quadro é o objetivo do presente trabalho, que retorna às origens da adoção e caminha até o panorama atual das crianças e adolescentes aptos a serem adotados, passando pelo desejo daquelas pessoas que querem adotar, bem como pelos princípios balizadores do Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente e pela teoria da proteção integral, adotada pelo ordenamento brasileiro, para buscar uma solução juridicamente possível. Neste contexto, busca-se saber se a adoção intutitu personae, a qual não tem previsão expressa no Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente, ainda assim é viável, a partir das normas e princípios vigentes. Os novos conceitos trazidos pela Lei n. 12.010/2009, como família natural, família extensa e família substituta, bem como o Cadastro de Adotantes são pontos de estudo centrais para a conclusão da presente dissertação de mestrado. / The large number of children living in institutions in contemporary Brazil has been a constant that troubles society and requires an urgent solution from the State, whether from the social or legal assistance point of view. Analyzing how the Law is contributing to change this situation is the purpose of this paper. It returns to the origins of adoption and goes through the current overview of children and adolescents eligible to be adopted, as well as the desire of those people who want to adopt, passing through the guiding principles of the Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente (Statute of the Child and Adolescent) and the full protection theory adopted by the Brazilian system to seek a legally possible solution. In this context, we try to find out if the intuitu personae adoption, which is not provided by the Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente, is still feasible based on the rules and principles in force. The new concepts set forth by Law no. 12.010/2009, such as natural family, extended family and surrogate family, as well as the Register of Adopting Parents, are focal points of study for the conclusion of this Masters dissertation.

O grande número de crianças acolhidas institucionalmente no Brasil contemporâneo é uma constante que incomoda a sociedade e pede uma solução urgente do Estado, seja do ponto de vista da assistência social, seja no âmbito da assistência jurídica. Analisar de que modo o direito está contribuindo para a mudança deste quadro é o objetivo do presente trabalho, que retorna às origens da adoção e caminha até o panorama atual das crianças e adolescentes aptos a serem adotados, passando pelo desejo daquelas pessoas que querem adotar, bem como pelos princípios balizadores do Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente e pela teoria da proteção integral, adotada pelo ordenamento brasileiro, para buscar uma solução juridicamente possível. Neste contexto, busca-se saber se a adoção intutitu personae, a qual não tem previsão expressa no Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente, ainda assim é viável, a partir das normas e princípios vigentes. Os novos conceitos trazidos pela Lei n. 12.010/2009, como família natural, família extensa e família substituta, bem como o Cadastro de Adotantes são pontos de estudo centrais para a conclusão da presente dissertação de mestrado. / The large number of children living in institutions in contemporary Brazil has been a constant that troubles society and requires an urgent solution from the State, whether from the social or legal assistance point of view. Analyzing how the Law is contributing to change this situation is the purpose of this paper. It returns to the origins of adoption and goes through the current overview of children and adolescents eligible to be adopted, as well as the desire of those people who want to adopt, passing through the guiding principles of the Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente (Statute of the Child and Adolescent) and the full protection theory adopted by the Brazilian system to seek a legally possible solution. In this context, we try to find out if the intuitu personae adoption, which is not provided by the Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente, is still feasible based on the rules and principles in force. The new concepts set forth by Law no. 12.010/2009, such as natural family, extended family and surrogate family, as well as the Register of Adopting Parents, are focal points of study for the conclusion of this Masters dissertation.

L’étude de l’agrément en droit des sociétés révèle que les règles l’encadrant ne sont pas exemptes de lacunes ou d’incohérences. Ces dernières résultent notamment de leur édiction dispersée, dans des textes légaux ou réglementaires, au cas par cas, individuellement pour chaque forme sociale. En outre, leur intelligibilité est amoindrie par la corrélation parfois faite par la loi entre les règles de son domaine et ses formalités procédurales. De cet ensemble découle une certaine complexité, incompatible avec le besoin de sécurité juridique requise pour exécuter toute procédure. En l’occurrence, l’atteinte à la liberté ne réside plus dans l’absence de forme protectrice mais, paradoxalement, dans un formalisme trop pointilleux, dont l’application suscite un important contentieux. Néanmoins, le constat de la présence éventuelle de l’intuitu personae dans l’ensemble des sociétés suggère la possibilité d’unifier le domaine de l’agrément et, corrélativement, de simplifier sa mise en œuvre, grâce à l’élaboration d’un droit commun. À cette fin, une conception contractuelle des rapports sociaux donne de nombreuses clés de résolution des problèmes posés actuellement par son régime. Cette analyse faite du droit positif ne remet pas pour autant en cause le juste équilibre établi par la loi au nom de l’ordre public sociétaire. Celui-ci s’exprime par l’exigence du respect de formalités et d’obligations visant à protéger tant la société que son associé cédant. Au contraire même, ce point de vue permet de dégager les champs d’intervention réservés au législateur ne portant atteinte ni à la substance des droits de l’associé, ni aux concepts juridiques de droit commun. Cette méthode de traitement des difficultés soulevées aboutit à une reconstruction de la législation de l’agrément, davantage intelligible, augurant par là-même, une perspective concrète de création d’un droit français des sociétés fermées. / The study of corporate law certification reveals that the rules governing it are not free from gaps or inconsistencies. The latter result notably from their dispersed enactment, in legal or regulatory texts, on a case by case basis, individually for each social form. In addition, their intelligibility is diminished by the correlation sometimes made between the rules of his field and his procedural formalities. From this set flows a certain complexity, incompatible with the need for legal certainty required to execute any procedure. In this case, the infringement of liberty does not lie in the absence of a protective form but, paradoxically, in a formalism that is too fussy, the application of which gives rise to a serious dispute. Nevertheless, the observation of the possible presence of intuitu personae in all societies suggests the possibility of unifying the field of accreditation and, correspondingly, of simplifying its implementation, thanks to the elaboration of a common right. To this end, a contractual conception of social relations gives many keys to solving the problems currently posed by his regime. This analysis of positive law does not, however, call into question the proper balance established by law, aimed at protecting both society and its assigning partner, in the name of public societal order. Quite to the contrary, this point of view reinforces the effectiveness of the rule since the fields of intervention reserved to the legislator do not infringe either the substance of the rights of the partner or the legal concepts of the law. common right. This method of dealing with the difficulties raised leads to a reconstruction of the legislation of accreditation, which is more intelligible, thus auguring a concrete perspective of creation of a French law of closed companies, independent of any political instrumentalization.

Le régime de cession des droits sociaux applicable des entre les membres d’une même famille est certes privilégié. Mais le législateur ne prend en compte que certains d’entre eux, à savoir, les ascendants, les descendants et certains collatéraux. Pourtant, les parts sociales ou actions font parties des biens patrimoniaux de la famille. Cette mise en société sert de prétexte à une meilleure gestion du patrimoine familial, mais aussi à sa cession au sein de la famille. L’objectif souvent non avoué est la pérennisation de l’entreprise familiale au sein de la famille. Toutefois, législateur ne reconnait toujours pas tous les types de schémas familiaux contemporains. Et pour cause, la notion de famille n’est pas définie en droit. Pourtant cette définition serait bien utile pour soumettre les cessions entre proches à un régime bien spécifique. La conséquence est que la pratique des affaires a développée quantité de règles pour permettre aux associés familiaux soit de rester ensemble au sein de la société ou d’en sortir. En effet, les aléas de la vie familiale commandent les cessions. Ce sont souvent des pactes extra-statutaires qui servent de support à la cession des titres. Le problème est qu’ils n’engagent que leurs signataires. Autrement dit, les associés familiaux non signataires de ces pactes ne sont pas concernés par ceux-ci. Pourtant, ils font partie de la même société et de la même famille. Peuvent-ils pour autant élever contestation en justice ? Car à bien des égards, ces pactes sont souvent à la frontière de l’illégalité notamment celle de l’interdiction des pactes sur succession future. Alors, la liberté de cession du cédant serait-elle empêchée dans le cadre d’une société familiale ? L’élément de réponse se trouve sans doute dans la consécration du pacte de famille, un nouvel outil juridique autonome destiné à compléter efficacement les statuts de la société. / The system of transfer of the corporate holdings of the company applicable between members of the same family is certainly privileged. But the legislator only takes into account some of them namely, ascendants, descendants and some collaterals. However, shares or stocks are part of the family's patrimonial assets. This incorporation serves as a pretext for better management of the family patrimony, but also for its transfer within the family. The often unstated aim is the sustainability of the family business within the family. However, legislator still does not recognize all types of contemporary family patterns. And for good reason, the notion of family is not defined in law. Yet this definition would be very useful to submit the transfers between relatives to a specific regime. The consequence is that business practice has developed a lot of rules to allow family partners to either stay together in society or get out of it. Indeed, the vagaries of family life command shares disposal. These are often extra-statutory pacts that serve as a support for the sale of securities. The problem is that they only commit their signatories. In other words, non-signatory family members of these pacts are not affected by them. Yet they are part of the same company and the same family. Can they raise a challenge in court? Because in many ways, these pacts are often on the borderline of illegality, including the prohibition of pacts respecting a future succession. Could the transferor's freedom of assignment be prevented in the context of a family company? The element of response is undoubtedly in the consecration of the family pact, a new independent legal tool designed to effectively supplement the company statutes.