No description available.

L'impressionnante augmentation du nombre de dépôts de brevets, l'arrivée de nouvelles technologies mais également les nombreuses contestations du système des brevets invitent à se pencher sur la façon dont la notion de brevetabilité a su faire face à l'évolution des techniques et des pratiques. La présente étude propose d'analyser l'évolution contemporaine de la notion de brevetabilité en observant d'abord l'élargissement du domaine de la brevetabilité, avant de s'intéresser à l'assouplissement des conditions de brevetabilité. Les vecteurs de cette évolution vers une plus grande protection sont la lacune législative en matière de définition de l'invention et le recul successif des exclusions à la brevetabilité. Il ressort en outre de l'étude que le critère d'application industrielle doit être vu comme participant de la nature de l'invention, et non comme une condition de brevetabilité. Il apparaît également qu'en réaction à la complexité des nouvelles technologies et à la pression des acteurs économiques, les conditions de nouveauté et d'activité inventive se voient particulièrement assouplies. L'étude conclut a un abaissement du seuil de brevetabilité et à la prolifération de brevets de mauvaises qualité ayant un impact négatif sur l'innovation. / The impressive increase of patent applications, the advent of new technologies but also the numerous challenges that the patent system has to face invite to look at the way the notion of patentability copes with the evolution of art and practices. The present study analyses the evolution of the notion of patentability by observing at first the widening of patentability field, before looking at the softening.of patentability criteria. The means of this evolution toward a wider protection are the absence of any legal definition of invention and the successive backward movement of patentability exclusions. It is shown that industrial application must be seen as part of the ivention definition and not as a criterion. It also appears that in reaction to the complexification of technologies and the pressure of economic actors, novelty and non-obviousness criteria have been largely softened. The conclusion of the study is that the decrease of the patentability threshold and the increase of bad quality patents have a negative impact on innovation.

En quoi les TPE inventives sont un atout face à la problématique de l'emploi en espace rural isolé ? Plus généralement qu'apportent-elles à cet espace et comment accompagner au mieux la création de ces activités ? Cette question est approfondie sur l'exemple des régions Auvergne et Limousin à partir de travaux qualitatifs portant sur trois terrains : le plateau du Cézallier, le Parc Naturel Régional Millevaches en Limousin et le Pays des Combrailles. Les TPE inventives créent de l'emploi dans des espaces où la plupart des activités économiques sont en difficulté. Elles sont le fait d'individus mettant en place des systèmes complexes et souvent à la marge dans le but de vivre et travailler sur un territoire choisi, et sont, en ce sens, des innovations discrètes. Les modalités et le fort degré d'ancrage territorial de ces TPE inventives en font de réels atouts pour le développement territorial. Le processus de création et d'ancrage des TPE inventives se déploie par le biais de rencontres avec des acteurs de l'accompagnement à la création d'activités et des acteurs du développement territorial. La construction de réseaux professionnels et sociaux par le créateur de TPE inventives est un des résultats notables de ce processus. Si les créateurs sont très investis dans les réseaux locaux ils le sont aussi, dans une moindre mesure, dans des réseaux externes au territoire. Ils en deviennent alors de véritables acteurs du développement de leur territoire. Face à ces spécificités, la tâche des acteurs de l'accompagnement est mise en question. Si les propositions des acteurs institutionnels sont le plus souvent en difficulté face aux TPE inventives, d'autres acteurs déploient des dispositifs répondant mieux à leurs caractéristiques. Enfin, le rôle des collectivités territoriales et des territoires de projet est essentiel dans l'appui à la création des TPE inventives à travers la fonction d'animation territoriale facilitant la mise en réseau et l'organisation territoriale des différents acteurs en lien avec ces TPE. / Why are the creative SMEs an asset in front of the problem of the employment in remote rural areas? More generally what do they offer to this space and how to have a better accompaniment for the creation of these activities? This issue is applied on the example of the Auvergne and Limousin regions from qualitative works concerning three places: “plateau du Cézallier”, “Parc Naturel Régional Millevaches en Limousin” and “Pays des Combrailles”. The creative SMEs create some new jobs in areas where most of the economic activities are in trouble. They are the result of people living and working on a chosen territory and so setting up complex and often marginally systems. Therefore, they are discreet innovations. The modalities and the strong degree of territorial embeddedness of these creative SMEs show that they are real assets for the territorial development. The creation and embeddedness process of these SMEs is supporting by meetings with project support professionnals and territorial development actors. As a result, professional and social networks are built up by the creators of these SMEs. Those are both involved in local networks and, to a lesser extent, in external networks. The creators of creative SMEs become then real stakeholders of the development of their territory. However, the task of project support professionnals is an issue regarding these specificities. Territorial and associative stakeholders display devices fitting those SMEs characteristics, while the proposals of institutional actors are mostly in trouble regarding them. At last, local communities are essential supports for creation process of creative SMEs through territorial animation that facilitate networking and territorial organization of various actors in connection with these SMEs.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-23T14:01:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Hervacy Brito.pdf: 1846442 bytes, checksum: 1b39a363e3cce6e31a9703bd60a29862 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-07-26 / The objective of this study is to analyze the formation provided by the participation in the student movement Balão Mágico UFES. Through interviews, document reviews and based the concept of learning as a continuous process of invention of problems, you can point the Balão Mágico was a space for resistance homogenizing modeling imposed by Integrated World Capitalism. Through graffiti, video productions, dance, theater, performances and other interventions in the university and in the city of Vitória - ES, the group uses irony as a weapon of subversion to state another way of existence that forked serialization capitalistic. The learning process, which is also the production process of subjectivity, is made up then in reinventing themselves and the world for the subjects who participated in the movement / O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a formação propiciada pela participação no movimento estudantil Balão Mágico da UFES. Por meio de entrevistas, análises de documentos e partindo do conceito de aprendizagem como processo contínuo de invenção de problemas, é possível apontar que o Balão Mágico foi um espaço para o exercício de resistência à modelização homogeneizante imposta pelo Capitalismo Mundial Integrado. Através das pichações, produções de vídeo, dança, teatro, performances e outras intervenções nas instituições da universidade e na cidade de Vitória, o grupo usa ironia como arma de subversão para afirmar outro modo de existência que bifurcava da serialização capitalística. O processo de aprendizagem, que também é processo de produção de subjetividade, constitui-se então em reinvenção de si e de mundo para os sujeitos que participaram do movimento

No description available.

Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-08-19T11:48:03Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Keila Alves da Silva - 2016.pdf: 2564043 bytes, checksum: d8171bda8a7a2f31c5f8ac290a810a7e (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-08-19T11:51:13Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Keila Alves da Silva - 2016.pdf: 2564043 bytes, checksum: d8171bda8a7a2f31c5f8ac290a810a7e (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-19T11:51:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Keila Alves da Silva - 2016.pdf: 2564043 bytes, checksum: d8171bda8a7a2f31c5f8ac290a810a7e (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-05-31 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / In the course of my master's research, I work on a textual, artistic and poetic-reflexive construction stem from memories, family objects and filaments of dialogues compositions based on two subjects, my mother and my maternal grandfather. My artistic path was formed by listening experiences of memories and narratives, as an attitude from an ethnographer artist combined with individuals invited for research. Experiences that led me to meet some trigger objects of multiple senses. The same objects of remembrance and affection, elected by me as poetic output, knitting together a triangulation between me, my mother and my maternal grandfather who compose the core of the reflections and analysis of possibilities that were developed in this dissertation production: the individuals, their stories and memories, the inventive makings and things that came from this entanglement. The art path analysis occurred with the aid of a poetic science look. It includes the implications of memory objects converted into artistic artifacts (objects and installation) composed by me but taken from my mother’s and my grandfather’s belongings. The senses threads happen by the weaving of our times, learnings, “doings” and stories. / No transcorrer de minha pesquisa de mestrado realizo uma construção poético-reflexiva, textual e artística, a partir de tessituras com lembranças, objetos familiares e fios de diálogos com dois sujeitos: minha mãe e meu avô materno. O meu percurso artístico se deu entremeado de experiências de escuta das lembranças e narrativas, numa atitude de artista etnógrafa junto aos sujeitos invocados para a pesquisa. Experiências que me conduziram a encontros com alguns objetos disparadores de sentidos múltiplos. Os mesmos objetos de lembrança e afeto, eleitos por mim como potência poética, imbricaram uma triangulação entre mim, minha mãe e meu avô materno que compõem o cerne das reflexões e possibilidades de análises desenvolvidas neste exercício dissertativo: os sujeitos, suas histórias lembradas, os fazeres inventivos e as coisas vindas desse emaranhamento. As análises do percurso artístico ocorreram com o auxílio de um olhar localizado na ciência poiética. Abarca as implicações dos objetos de memória desdobradas em artefatos artísticos (objetos e instalação) construídos por mim a partir de coisas apropriadas de minha mãe e meu avô. As costuras de sentidos acontecem tramando os nossos tempos, saberes, fazeres e histórias.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2017-03-23T17:53:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 luizalbertosilvestredonascimento.pdf: 19261857 bytes, checksum: 56fc184ee1230660ae9c32702c96c72f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-03-24T12:54:09Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 luizalbertosilvestredonascimento.pdf: 19261857 bytes, checksum: 56fc184ee1230660ae9c32702c96c72f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-03-24T12:54:24Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 luizalbertosilvestredonascimento.pdf: 19261857 bytes, checksum: 56fc184ee1230660ae9c32702c96c72f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-24T12:54:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 luizalbertosilvestredonascimento.pdf: 19261857 bytes, checksum: 56fc184ee1230660ae9c32702c96c72f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-08-21 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Essa pesquisa envolve um estudo sobre Corpo, Espaço e Escola e refere-se a uma Cartografia (ROLNIK) de uma escola considerada como Corpo-Escola que se constitui como um lugar – espaço de vida, território existencial – num momento-movimento de mudança para um espaço-arquitetura tradicional de escola. Para essa investigação baseamos fundamentalmente no pensamento da Filosofia da Diferença, em autores como Nietzsche, Deleuze, Guattari e Gil como eixo de interlocução. Traz também outros interlocutores que não se vinculam necessariamente à Filosofia da Diferença, mas que são fortes intercessores na pesquisa – Certeau, Walter Benjamin e o escritor Italo Calvino. Essa pesquisa permitiu o exercício da Cartografia como um método que possibilita pensar uma investigação em Educação na perspectiva de um campo que se cria e se instaura imanente aos fluxos de forças que atravessam a produção da pesquisa. / This research involves a study about Body, Space and School Cartography considered Body-School which becoming Place – life space, existential territory – in a momentmovement of change to a traditional architectural-space of school. For this examination we based itself on Philosophy of Difference thought, in Nietzsche, Deleuze, Guattari and Gil as focal point to interlocution. The research brings other interlocutors which in no manner are bound up in Philosophy of Difference, though they are strong intercessors in this investigation: Certeau, Walter Benjamin and the writer Italo Calvino. This research allowed the Cartography experimentation as a method that makes possible an inquiry in Education view as a field of forces founded and instituted in immanent current of forces that crosses through the production of this investigation.

This thesis presents research carried out into the use of creative tools at the early stages of eco-innovation. Eco-innovation is a practical approach aiming to develop new products and processes which significantly decrease our impact on the environment. Designers are trained to develop profitable products that increase production and consumption. Eco-innovation is a new discipline in which designers can radically reduce the environmental burdens of production and consumption through the innovation of new types of products and services. The main aim of this research was to develop an approach that would promote significant environmental improvements whilst remaining a practical, design-focused discipline. Problems and under-investigated aspects of eco-innovation were identified: • Creative approaches at early stages of eco-innovation were under-investigated and few tools had been developed for use at the early stages. • Empirical design research techniques had rarely been used to assess new eco-innovation tools or to inform their subsequent development. The focus of the research work was the development and testing of tools to facilitate workshops at the early stages of eco-innovation. Not only was the goal to facilitate the generation of radical ideas but also to ensure that these were developed into appropriate solutions having the potential to be taken up in industry. The development of the tools was based on literature research, worked examples and interviews. The tools were tested in controlled workshop experiments and the results were analysed using various empirical techniques. First, an idea-recording technique to improve the efficiency of generating and harvesting ideas in a team design process was developed. This novel tool was called the Product Ideas Tree (PIT) diagram. The tool was tested for its ability to facilitate design workshops. Secondly, a structured approach to innovation - the theory of inventive problem solving (TRIZ) - was investigated. Worked examples using some of the tools from TRIZ were presented and a limited number of tools were selected and simplified for testing in team design workshops. The PIT diagram and TRIZ tools experiments established which attributes of the tools and approaches were most beneficial. The development and testing of these specific tools provided the following general contributions to eco-innovation: • A model for eco-innovation that describes the factors influencing the discipline and the attributes of good practice. • A recommended process to transform radical ideas into appropriate solutions to improve their potential to be taken up in industry. • General insights into the use of tools in early-stage workshops such as: tool selection, integration into existing processes, system-level problem solving and providing thematic information. • Suggested improvements for testing tools in controlled workshop experiments.

This thesis deals with methodology for creating innovative concepts and their solving. More precisely, TIPS methodology „Theory of inventive problem solving“. This thesis is divided into four parts. In the first part, this methodology and its five basic tools are introduced. The second part provides introduction of software Goldfire Inovator including the tools which could be useful for students working on their projects. Third part demonstrates TIPS methodology on the innovation of wind power plant supported by software Goldfire Inovator. The fourth part evaluates advantages and contributions of TIPS methodology for education and practice.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T19:58:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lucas Haddad Grosso Silva.pdf: 878466 bytes, checksum: 4fe3c082e0c298ec446d7fb7232012f7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-11-26 / The aim of this dissertation is to study the effects of the Ethical and Aesthetical opposition to totalitarians communist and capitalist regimes represented in the novels The Celebration (1995) by Ivan Angelo, and The Joke (1999) by Milan Kundera, through the analysis of the fictional inventive modes adopted by the authors. We deepen the critical concepts about the discursive categories of author, narrator and character, through an examination of the point of view, grounded in the theories of Mikhail Bakhtin (2010), Walter Benjamin (2011) and Wayne C. Booth (1983). Analyses of the literary aesthetics were based on the notations of the Modernity highlighted by Leyla Perrone-Moises (2009) and to comprehend the construction of a potential semantic on the narrative of resistance, we consider the studies of Marc Augé (1992) about the nonplaces and the studies of Benjamin (2011) about the reminiscence. At last, we seek to explain the fictional writing and the double work of production and invention of the real, based on the studies of Luiz Costa Lima (2003) about the mimesis, thus clarifying the intersections between Literature and History, according to the essays of Hyden White (2011) and Walter Benjamin (2011). We established that through their singular novels, the authors develop a political and axiological criticism with similar inventive modes to each other, indicating the aesthetics values of the literature of resistance / O objetivo desta dissertação é estudar os efeitos da oposição Ética e Estética dos regimes totalitários comunista e capitalista em representação nos romances A Festa de Ivan Angelo (1995) e A Brincadeira de Milan Kundera (1999), por meio da análise dos modos inventivos ficcionais adotados por ambos os autores. Aprofundamos os conceitos críticos acerca das categorias discursivas autor, narrador e personagem, por meio de um exame do foco narrativo, fundamentados pelas teorias de Mikhail Bakhtin (2010), Walter Benjamin (2011) e Wayne C. Booth (1983). Foram feitas análises sobre a estética literária por meio das notações sobre a Modernidade apontadas por Leyla Perrone-Moisés (2009), para compreender a construção de uma possível semântica da narrativa de resistência, nos valendo, principalmente, dos estudos de Marc Augé (1992) acerca dos não-lugares e de Benjamin (2011) sobre a reminiscência. Por fim, procuramos explicar a Metaficção e o duplo trabalho de produção e invenção do real dos romances, a partir dos estudos de Luiz Costa Lima (2003) sobre a mímese, desse modo explicitando as intersecções entre Literatura e História, segundo os ensaios de Hyden White (2011) e Walter Benjamin (2011). Constatamos que, por meio de seus romances singulares, os autores desenvolvem uma crítica política e axiológica com modos inventivos semelhantes entre si, indiciando os valores estéticos da literatura de resistência