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Elever i särskilda utbildningsbehov och problemlösning. : En studie av elevers upplevelse och deltagande vid problemlösning i grupp.Eriksson, Kristina January 2016 (has links)
Denna studie undersöker hur elever i Särskilda Utbildningsbehov i Matematik (SUM) upplever problemlösning i grupp i matematik samt hur de agerar i praktiken vid sådana tillfällen. Med fördjupad kunskap kring ämnet är ambitionen att på ett gynnsamt sätt organisera den specialpedagogiska undervisningen så att SUM-elever blir delaktiga vid problemlösningssituationer i den ordinarie undervisningen. Studien har en kvalitativ ansats där observationer och intervjuer med tre SUM-elever från år 3 har genomförts. Till grund för analysen har studiens teoretiska begrepp kommunikation och delaktighet funnits. Resultatet visar att eleverna upplever att de är delaktiga i gruppen och att de alla på något sätt är aktiva i arbetet med uppgiften. Ett inkluderande förhållningssätt visade sig spela roll för hur eleverna valde att delta och kommunicera i respektive grupper. Vid observationerna blev det synligt att inkludering ur ett didaktiskt perspektiv är viktigt för att få eleverna att känna att de klarar av uppgiften samt att de kan bidra med något i gruppen. Dock blir det tydligt i vissa fall att det i kommunikationen eleverna emellan används tillvägagångssätt som är inövade utan förståelse vilket leder till att de inte har någon kontroll över arbetet att lösa uppgiften. Några elever framför samtidigt i intervjuerna hur deras låga tilltro till sin egna matematiska förmåga kring att lösa problem gör att de hellre arbetar i grupp. / This study examines students in Special needs Education in Mathematics (SEM) experience of problem solving in groups in mathematics. The studie also investigates how the students act in practice in problem solving situations. The overall aim of the study is to reach in-depth knowledge about the subject which would be a good help in organizing the special education work with SEM-pupils and problem solving in a successful way. The study has a qualitative approach, where observations and interviews with three SEM pupils from lower primary school (grade 3) in Sweden has formed the empirical material in the study. The theoretical concepts communication and participation are the foundation of analysis. The result show that an inclusive approach seems to be important in how the pupils chose to communicate and participate, meaning that the students in SEM are in mixed ability groups when working with problem solving. The pupils experienced that they participated in the groups and all of them were at some degree active in the problem solving task and they expressed that they liked problem solving. The didactic perspective is very important to make pupils feel that they are up to the task and that they can contribute to the group. However, it`s clear in some of the cases that problem solving is practiced with strategies but without understanding. Some of the pupils talks about their bad confidence in their mathematical ability and therefore they prefer working with problem solving in groups.
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Samband mellan geologiska och bergmekaniska egenskaper i bergmaterial som bärlager till riksväg 51 : Riksväg 51 sträckan Svennevad - KvarntorpskorsetLandeman, Philip January 2018 (has links)
This thesis was created to ensure the quality of the rock which would be crushed to base layer construction material, in a road cut at Swedish highway 51, and to find a possible link between the rock's abrasion resistance and its mineralogy. Rock samples were collected, and among other things, several ball mill tests were carried out. The design of the road project was carried out by Loxia Group AB with NCC Group as contractor.A total of 18 rock samples and 2 base layer samples were taken in the area and they were all tested in a ball mill. The results showed that of the 18 rock samples, 2 samples had a ball mill value of less than 16 on the scale, 10 samples had values from 16 to 20, in addition to this, 3 samples had values from 20 to 21 and 3 samples had values in excess of 21 on the Swedish ball mill scale.Of the 3 samples with a ball mill value higher than 21, all contained a larger amount of biotite. Biotite did not appear to the same extent among the samples that ended up further down the ball mill scale. This link was so clear that a conclusion was subsequently drawn from this. The samples taken on the prefabricated base layer both had a ball mill value between 16 and 20. Overall, both the base layer and the rock material passed the Swedish Government’s Transport Administration’s requirements according to "TRVKB 10, Obundna lager". The rock type that was on the south part of the rock cut, adjacent to a deformation zone, had way too poor quality to undergo a ball mill test and therefore there are no values taken from that area.The conclusion of the work is that the rock material overall meets the Swedish Government’s Transport Administration’s requirements for base layer construction materials according to "TRVKB 10 Obundna lager", that a clear link between the proportion of biotite in a rock material and its abrasion resistance exists, and that the broken rock in the south should not be used as construction materials since the rock has insufficient mechanic capacity.
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