Comme la plupart des entreprises industrielles, la société Paul Hartmann a d’abord déployé l’approche Lean en production. L’implémentation des bases du Lean Office est décidée par l’application de la méthode Office Excellence (Kugel, 2010) dans le service support des approvisionnements. Or, cette méthode utilisée depuis 2002 par de grandes entreprises allemandes, est non testée scientifiquement. Notre recherche propose de tester cette méthode par étude de cas unique et d’évaluer sa complétude par rapport à la base conceptuelle du Lean Office. Une première contribution est la précision des concepts et des méthodes d’implémentation par une revue de la littérature. Et l’analyse longitudinale de cinq années se traduit d’abord par un constat d’échec ; la recherche-action devient alors recherche-intervention ingénierique. Les dynamiques et les difficultés rencontrées permettent, après des allers-retours constants avec la littérature, de proposer un construit méthodologique original, à l’usage des praticiens : LeanOffice@SCM. C’est une méthode d’implémentation mixte, avec une approche managériale en parallèle, et une approche opérationnelle en mode séquentiel. / Like most industrial companies, the Paul Hartmann company firstly deployed the Lean approach in factories. The implementation of Lean Office basic principles is decided through the Office Excellence method (Kugel, 2010) in the procurement support department. This method applied in some major German companies since 2002 has not been scientifically tested yet. Our research aims at testing this method with a unique case study approach and evaluating its completeness in comparison to the Lean Office’s concept base. A first contribution is made through a literature review for defining this Lean Office’s concept base. The five year-case study starts with a failure; the action-research moves to an intervention-research. After systematically challenging the case study learnings with the literature, our constructivist approach enables proposing an original Lean Office implementation method for practitioners’ use: Lean Office@SCM. It is a mixed approach made of a managerial part in parallel, and an operational one insequences.

The thesis deals with the application of Lean management in optimizing business processes, namely logistics processes. The author narrows the theoretical view as possible in today's practice to optimize the logistics processes in the real case study of a company. One of the theoretical foundations of modern Japanese approach based on Lean Management is called Toyota Production System. The practical focus of the work lies in analysis of the actual deployment of optimization in company specialized in hotel industry. Finally, thesis evaluates the success of optimization in the organization. The author has proposed some practical pieces of advice and techniques to approach optimization in near future.

Bakgrund och problem: Lean är en välkänd ideologi som företag implementerar för att bidra till bättre kvalitet, kortare ledtid, högre produktivitet, lägre tillverkningskostnad, större leveransprecision, högre lönsamhet, mer flexibilitet och högre engagemang hos medarbetare. Detta för att hänga med i marknadsförändringar samt att bli, och fortsätta vara, framgångsrika. Det finns många studier som undersöker samband mellan Lean och operationella samt finansiella prestationer bland olika stora tillverkande företag, dock finns det ingen sådan studie utförd just i Sverige. Där av är det intressant att se hur svenska företag upplever Lean och identifiera samband mellan Lean-verktyg och prestationsmått för att studera likheter och skillnader jämfört med studier utförda i andra länder. Syfte: Syftet med denna uppsats är att bidra till en ökad förståelse kring användningen av Lean i Sverige bland företag i tillverkningsbranschen samt förklara samband mellan användning av Lean-verktyg och prestationsmått (lönsamhet, kvalitet, tillverkningskostnader, leveransprecision, lagernivåer, ledtid, medarbetarnöjdhet och flexibilitet). Metod: En kvantitativ studie är utförd på svenska tillverkande företag i olika storlekar. Svar har samlats in från 95 respondenter i olika företag genom en webbaserad enkätstudie. Studien har anammat en deduktiv forskningsmetod med ett deskriptivt och förklarande forskningsändamål. Slutsats: Genom användandet av Lean-verktyg kan svenska tillverkningsföretag uppnå förbättrade operationella och finansiella prestationer. Företagets storlek, ålder eller lönsamhet påverkar inte förhållandet mellan Lean och prestationer, däremot kan explicit användning av Lean samt att engagera medarbetarna stärka de positiva effekterna av Lean. / Background and problematization: Lean is a well-known ideology that companies implement to contribute to better quality, shorter lead times, higher productivity, lower manufacturing costs, greater delivery precision, higher profitability, more flexibility and increased employee engagement. This is to keep up with the volatile market and to become and be successful. There are many studies that study the relationship between Lean and operational and financial performance among different sized manufacturing companies. However, there is no such study conducted in Sweden. Therefore, it is of interest to see how Swedish companies experience Lean and to identify correlations between Lean tools and performance measures to study similarities and differences compared to studies performed in other countries. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to contribute to an increased understanding of the use of Lean in Sweden among companies in the manufacturing industry and explain the relationship between the use of Lean-tools and performance measures (profitability, quality, manufacturing costs, delivery precision, inventory levels, lead time, employee engagement and flexibility). Method: A quantitative study has been carried out for Swedish manufacturing companies in different sizes. Answers have been collected from 95 respondents in different companies through a web-based survey. The study has adopted a deductive research method with a descriptive and explanatory research purpose. Conclusion: By using Lean-practices, Swedish companies can achieve improvements in both operational and financial performance. Company size, age or profitability does not affect this relationship between Lean and increased performance, although implementing Lean explicitly and engaging workers may further increase the positive effects of Lean.

This paper is a practical and empirical investigation into the relationship and overlap between the two industrial paradigms of Lean Management and Industry 4.0. This is accomplished with an in-depth case study of a goods receipt to identify Lean wastes and accompanied by a discussion on how these wastes can be eliminated by enhancing the processes and material flows with Industry 4.0 technologies. It was found that efforts to enhance a process with Industry 4.0 Technologies should be preceded by ensuring that the process can be performed in a standardized manner. After that the study recommends improved methods of data collection which enables the effective implementation of other supporting Industry 4.0 Technologies. / Denna uppsats är en praktisk och empirisk utredning av relationen och samspelet mellan de två industriella paradigmen Lean Management och Industri 4.0. Till grund för det för det ligger en utförlig fallstudie av en godsmottagning för att identifiera Lean slöserier och en tillhörande diskussion om hur dessa slöserier kan elimineras genom att förbättra arbetsprocesser och materialflöden med Industri 4.0 och tillhörande teknologier. Ur det uppdagades att åtgärder för göra processer mer effektiva med dessa Industri 4.0 teknologier bör föregås av att processen kan utföras på ett standardiserat vis. När det är säkerställt så är det denna studies rekommendation att fokusera på metoder och verktyg för insamling av data vilket blir den grund som möjliggör implementering av behjälpliga och automatiserande Industri 4.0 teknologier.

This paper is a practical and empirical investigation into the relationship and overlap between the two industrial paradigms of Lean Management and Industry 4.0. This is accomplished with an in-depth case study of a goods receipt to identify Lean wastes and accompanied by a discussion on how these wastes can be eliminated by enhancing the processes and material flows with Industry 4.0 technologies. It was found that efforts to enhance a process with Industry 4.0 Technologies should be preceded by ensuring that the process can be performed in a standardized manner. After that the study recommends improved methods of data collection which enables the effective implementation of other supporting Industry 4.0 Technologies. / Denna uppsats är en praktisk och empirisk utredning av relationen och samspelet mellan de två industriella paradigmen Lean Management och Industri 4.0. Till grund för det för det ligger en utförlig fallstudie av en godsmottagning för att identifiera Lean slöserier och en tillhörande diskussion om hur dessa slöserier kan elimineras genom att förbättra arbetsprocesser och materialflöden med Industri 4.0 och tillhörande teknologier. Ur det uppdagades att åtgärder för göra processer mer effektiva med dessa Industri 4.0 teknologier bör föregås av att processen kan utföras på ett standardiserat vis. När det är säkerställt så är det denna studies rekommendation att fokusera på metoder och verktyg för insamling av data vilket blir den grund som möjliggör implementering av behjälpliga och automatiserande Industri 4.0 teknologier.

Flygbranschen står inför en omfattande omställning för att uppnå nationella och internationella hållbarhetsmål. Hållbarhetsarbetet inom flygbranschen vilar på tre pelare: flygplan, flygplatser och flygtrafikledning. Flygplatser kommer att under lång tid utgöra gränssnittet där fast infrastruktur möter rörlig. Omställningen innebär införande av ny teknik som ställer nya krav och skapar nya kontaktytor mellan aktörer. Verksamhetsfält fusioneras och skapar nya områden i en bransch som traditionellt är styrd av internationell lagstiftning, överenskommelser och konventioner. Innovation och nytänkande bromsas ofta av rigiditet i regelverk som har utvecklats till stelbenthet i attityder vilket ytterligare försvårar innovativ utveckling. På grund av att Norrköping Airport AB har svårigheter med att hantera inkommande förfrågningar har möjligheter att underlätta ärendehanteringen undersökts. För att kartlägga arbetssätt och skapa verktyg har teorier och metoder ur kvalitetsteknik använts, främst offensiv kvalitetsutveckling och Lean management. Intervjuer av nyckelpersoner vid Norrköping Airport har utgjort huvuddelen av datainsamlingen som har analyserats främst med avseende på nuvarande tillvägagångssätt. Studien resulterade i en kartläggning av nuvarande arbetssätt och ett förslag till en initial bedömningsmetod av inkommande förfrågningar i form av en checklista. Slutsatserna visar att dagens hanteringsmetod saknar struktur. Ett konsekvent sätt att hantera kundfokus, kvalitet i ärendehanteringen och att se hanteringen av komplexa förfrågningar som en process kan underlätta förbättringsarbetet. Tidigare forskning har visat att det är utmanande att hantera ärenden med dynamiska och föränderliga förutsättningar. Studiens bidrag är att användningen av det föreslagna verktyget kan effektivisera och påskynda initieringen av sidoprocesser, vilket i sin tur minskar den totala tidsåtgången för ärendehanteringen. / Aviation industry is facing a major change to comply with and fulfill national and international sustainability goals. Sustainability work within the aviation industry encompasses aircraft, aerodromes and air traffic management. Aerodromes are likely to remain the main interface between fixed and mobile infrastructure. The transition involves introduction of new technology, creating new requirements and contact surfaces between stakeholders. Fields of operation merge and create new areas, governed by international law, agreements and conventions where innovative thinking is held back by regulative rigidity and rigidity in attitudes, restraining innovating development. Due to difficulties in managing complexity in inquiries, possibilities in facilitating case management have been researched. When mapping working methods and creating the suggested tool, theories and methods from areas of quality engineering, offensive quality development and Lean Management have been used. Data collection has been done by interviewing key personnel at Norrköping Airport AB. Data have been analysed primarily to map the current way of managing inquiries. The research resulted in proposing an easy-to-use tool for making initial judgements concerning inquiries. Conclusions drawn, show lack of structure in the current management of inquiries. A consistent way of managing customer focus, case management quality and to consider management of complex inquiries as processes, could facilitate improvement activities. Previous research has shown that managing matters during dynamic and variable circumstances is challenging. The contribution of this research is that use of the proposed tool may improve effectiveness in case management and to speed up starting necessary side processes, affecting total time consumption.

In this thesis, a task-based qualitative study was conducted at a volunteer defense organization, the Swedish Working Dog Club (Svenska Brukshundklubben). The organization contributes to total defense by training patrol dogs and their handlers for the Home Guard. The Swedish Armed Forces have established guidelines for training instructors in volunteer defense organizations, from which Svenska Brukshundklubben had a dispensation until 2025. Consequently, they now need to create a new training process for their patrol dog instructors. This study aims to develop proposals for a new, quality-assured training process for Svenska Brukshundklubben, and to provide suggestions for implementing and managing the change process. To achieve this, data was collected through documents, statistical data, interviews, and surveys with experienced people within the organization. Offensive quality development is the study's foundation. In identifying proposals, Lean management was used as the main theory with a deductive approach. For implementation proposals change management theories were utilized. Svenska Brukshundklubben should implement a more standardized flow in their training process and introduce clearer routines and working methods. Standardization can facilitate the organization and improve process quality. The new training process is presented as a flow divided into three blocks. The first part covers basic instructor courses, the second addresses the experience and education required in canine knowledge, and the third includes specialized patrol dog courses followed by practical training. Svenska Brukshundklubben should also take central responsibility for their patrol dog instructors, actively manage instructor assignments, follow up, and exercise transformational leadership in the change process. / I det här examensarbetet har en uppdragsbaserad kvalitativ studie genomförts vid en frivillig försvarsorganisation, Svenska Brukshundklubben. Organisationen bidrar till totalförsvaret genom att utbilda patrullhundar och hundförare till Hemvärnet. Försvarsmakten har fastställda anvisningar gällande hur instruktörer vid frivilliga försvarsorganisationer ska utbildas, vilket Svenska Brukshundklubben fram till 2025 haft avsteg från. De behöver därför nu skapa en ny utbildningsprocess för sina patrullhundsinstruktörer. Syftet med studien är tvådelat, dels att ta fram förslag till SBK på en ny och kvalitetssäker utbildningsprocess, dels ge förslag på hur implementeringen och ledningen av förändringsarbetet kan genomföras. För att uppnå syftet har data insamlats genom dokument, statistisk data, intervjuer och enkäter med Sakkunniga. Offensiv kvalitetsutveckling är grunden för studien och vid identifiering av förslag har Lean management och Likers 14 principer nyttjats som huvudteori med en deduktiv ansats. I arbetet med förslag till implementeringsarbetet har Kotters åttastegsmodell för förändring nyttjats ihop med teori om förändringsledning. Svenska Brukshundklubben bör nyttja ett mer standardiserat flöde i sin utbildningsprocess samt införa tydligare rutiner och arbetssätt. En standardisering kan underlätta för organisationen samt höja processens kvalitet. Den nya utbildningsprocessen presenteras som ett flöde indelat i tre block. Den första delen berör de grundläggande instruktörskurserna, det andra blocket erfarenheten och utbildningen som krävs inom hundkunskap och slutligen blocket med kurserna specialiserade inom patrullhund följt av praktik. Organisationen bör även ta ett mer centralt ansvar gällande sina patrullhundsinstruktörer, ta en aktiv roll i tilldelning av instruktörsuppdrag, uppföljning samt utöva ett transformativt ledarskap i förändringsarbetet.

Esta tese tem como objetivo investigar como a adoção do sistema Toyota/lean provoca transformações em processos comunicacionais de organizações que efetuam essa troca de modelo de gestão. Parte do pressuposto de que a Toyota - no decorrer de sua trajetória e por causas diversas, culturais, econômicas, sociais e específicas dos fundadores da empresa - desenvolveu um sistema de gestão (chamado hoje, também, de sistema lean) distinto dos sistemas tradicionais, com raízes tayloristas, fordistas, burocráticas, advindas da produção em massa. Trata-se de um modelo que exige bases comunicacionais distintas da gestão tradicional. Então, essas organizações que adotam esse modelo podem ter profundas transformações comunicacionais, sobretudo na comunicação interna. Assim, a fundamentação teórica foi realizada com base em conceitos sobre organização, gestão, gestão e comunicação, comunicação e relacionamento organizacional, e gestão Toyota/lean. A pesquisa de campo adotada, com abordagem qualitativa, foi baseada em entrevistas semi-estruturadas com especialistas e com colaboradores de empresas que estão vivenciando essa transformações, além de estudos de casos realizados, principalmente, em duas companhias brasileiras que estão adotando o sistema Toyota/lean e tendo profundas transformações comunicacionais: o Instituto de Oncologia do Vale (IOV) e o Grupo Wolpac. O estudo mostra que a adoção do sistema Toyota/lean pode provocar mudanças profundas em processos de comunicação, o que desloca a comunicação organizacional tradicional para outros eixos de mentalidade e operação. O estudo conclui que o sistema Toyota/lean pode desenvolver na organização um novo modelo de comunicação organizacional, um modelo que esta tese denomina de \"comunicação engajada\". Esse modelo é formado, em resumo, por cinco estruturas básicas: a comunicação totalmente focada na busca, revelação, análise e solução de problemas; o uso intensivo do diálogo presencial, aberto, livre, democrático e transparente no gemba; a gestão visual focada em revelar problemas; o respeito pelas pessoas (suas visões, relatos e vivências) e um relacionamento distinto do tradicional entre líderes e liderados, baseado não mais no poder hierárquico, mas no compartilhamento engajado de ideias e experiências. / This thesis aims to investigate how the adoption of the Toyota/lean system causes transformations in communication processes of organizations that make this change of management model. Based on the assumption that Toyota - in the course of its history and due to diverse cultural, economic, social and specific causes of the founders of the company - has developed a system of management (now called lean system) with Taylorist, Fordist, bureaucratic, roots of mass production. It is a model that requires different communication bases from traditional management. So, these organizations that adopt this model can have profound transformations of communication, especially in internal communication. Thus, the theoretical basis was based on concepts about organization, management, management and communication, communication and organizational relationship, and Toyota/lean management. The field research adopted, with a qualitative approach, was based on semi-structured interviews with specialists and collaborators of companies that are experiencing these transformations, as well as case studies carried out mainly in two brazilian companies that are adopting the Toyota/lean system and having deep communication transformations: Instituto de Oncologia do Vale (IOV) and Grupo Wolpac. The study shows that adopting the Toyota/lean system can lead to profound changes in communication processes, which shifts traditional organizational communication to other axes of mindset and operation. The study concludes that the Toyota/lean system can develop in the organization a new model of organizational communication, a model that this thesis calls \"engaged communication\". This model is formed, in short, by five basic structures: communication totally focused on the search, revelation, analysis and solution of problems; the intensive use of face-to-face, open, free, democratic and transparent dialogue in gemba; visual management focused on revealing problems; respect for people (their visions, reports and experiences), and a relationship that is distinct from traditional between leaders and subordinates, based not on hierarchical power but on the sharing of ideas and experiences.

The focus of this thesis is the optimization of material flow by changing the layout of racking systems and production lines. The theoretical part describes lean management and its use in internal logistics. Gained knowledge along with practical operating experience leads to the elaboration of analytical and design part, which provides a new solution to the presented problem and related savings in warehouse machine equipment and its staff.

A challenge in Lean Construction is how to make it applicable when there is a high degree of complexity and uncertainty. In many construction projects there are changing project requirements, unique products and a need for actions that are highly focused on meeting customer/client expectations. Such scenarios require management methods that are characterised by being flexible and able to react to change. The aim of this thesis is to introduce a method that has such characteristics. Project Management, Lean and Agile paradigms are merged through the application of the fission and fusion approach of nuclear physics. This research is facilitated through a sequential explorative method. In the first instance, interviews with 22 practitioners in the fields of construction project management, Lean and Agile have been conducted. Then a quantitative self-administered questionnaire with 213 useful responses has been utilised to validate the transferability of the interview findings. It is concluded that Lean is not ideally suited to dealing with the dynamic nature of construction projects. Agile methods, which were developed to cope with the high levels of uncertainty inherent to IT projects, are more flexible and able to react to change. Hence utilising Agile-based methods might be the key to the successful utilization of Lean in construction. Therefore a management method based on combining Lean and Agile approaches has potential. Such an approach needs creative thinking to develop a solution that is different to that of “Leagile”. Leagile uses Lean and Agile methods in the execution phase sequentially, through using a decoupling point model to separate the two. This thesis introduces a new paradigm in which such a decoupling or separation does not take place. Rather, project management, Lean and Agile have been merged together to develop a new holistic and strategic framework. The paradigm presented in this thesis is termed “AgiLean Project Management”.