<p>Cilj rada je bio ispitivanje funkcionalnih karakteristika kombuha napitka<br />od melise (<em>Melissa officinalis</em> L.). Antibakterijska aktivnost kombuha<br />napitaka optimalne konzumne i većih kiselosti ispitana je prema<br />bakterijama izolovanim iz hrane i vode za piće. Nosilac antimikrobne<br />aktivnosti je sirćetna kiselina, a na ostale nosioce ukazuje delovanje<br />neutralisane kombuhe i čajnog napitka prema nekim test bakterijama.<br />Spektrofotometrijskom metodom određen je sadržaj ukupnih fenolnih<br />jedinjenja, a HPLC analizom određen je kvalitativni i kvantitativni sastav<br />fenolnih jedinjenja u fermentacionim tečnostima, čajnim i kombuha<br />napicima od melise i crnog čaja. Antioksidativna aktivnost istih uzoraka<br />ispitana je na DPPH i OH radikale ESR spektralnom metodom. Uzorci<br />fermentacione tečnosti i kombuha napitka od melise imali su veću<br />antioksidativnu aktivnost prema oba radikala u odnosu na uzorke sa<br />crnim čajem. Konzumna kombuha od melise imala je veću<br />antioksidativnu aktivnost od čajnog napitka. Aktivne komponente<br />kombuha napitka od melise su verovatno ruzmarinska kiselina i<br />kvercetin. U ispitivanju antiproliferativne aktivnosti konzumnog<br />kombuha napitka i čajnog napitka od melise na tri ćelijske linije humanih<br />karcinoma: HeLa (epitelni karcinom grlića materice), MCF-7<br />(adenokarcinom dojke) i HT-29 (adenokarcinom debelog creva) utvrđeno<br />je da nije do&scaron;lo do stimulacije proliferacije ispitanih ćelijskih linija pri<br />koncentracijama većim od 100 &mu;g/ml. Pored istraživanja biolo&scaron;ke<br />aktivnosti ispitana je mogućnost simultane mlečno-kiselinske i kombuha<br />fermentacije. Dodatkom starter kultura i <em>Lactobacillus spp</em>. izolata u<br />fermentacionu tečnost dolazi do povećanja sadržaja L- i D- mlečne<br />kiseline, iako su ćelije bakterija mlečne kiseline, osim izolata iz kiselog<br />testa (<em>L. hilgardii</em>), pokazale malu otpornost na uslove tokom<br />fermentacije i čuvanja pripremljenih napitaka. Izvr&scaron;ena je i identifikacija<br />bakterija sirćetnog vrenja izolovanih iz lokalnih čajnih gljiva PCR<br />metodom. Dva izolata verovatno pripadaju vrsti <em>Gluconobacter oxydans</em>,<br />a treći vrsti <em>Gluconacetobacter hansenii</em>.</p> / <p>The aim of this study was to investigate functional characteristics of akombucha beverage from lemon balm (<em>Melissa officinalis</em> L.) tea. Antibacterial activity of kombucha beverages with optimum and higheracidities was tested against bacteria isolated from food and drinking water. The main active component of antibacterial activity was acetic acid, while slight activity of neutralized kombucha and unfermented tea against some test bacteria indicated presence of other antibacterial components. Total phenol concentration in unfermented tea samples, fermentation broths and kombucha beverages from lemon balm and black tea was determined spectrophotometrically whereas qualitative and quantitative concentration of polyphenolic compounds was determined by HPLC method. Antioxidant activity on DPPH and hydroxyl radical in the same samples was determined on an ESR spectrometer. Fermentation broth and kombucha beverage from lemon balm had higher antioxidant activity against both radicals than the samples from black tea. Kombucha beverage from lemon balm with optimum acidity had higher antioxidant activity than unfermented lemon balm tea. The main active components of antioxidant activity were probably rosmarinic acid and quercetin. Antiproliferative activity of lemon balm tea and kombucha was measured by sulforhodamine B colorimetric assay on HeLa (cervix epitheloid carcinoma), HT-29 (colon adenocarcinoma), and MCF-7 (breast adenocarcinoma) cell lines. By applying concentrations higher than 100 &mu;g/ml, tested samples did not stimulate proliferation of cell lines. The possibility of simultaneous lactic acid and kombucha fermentation was tested as well. When starter cultures and Lactobacillus spp. isolates were applied, the content of Land D- lactic acid increased during fermentation, although lactic acid bacteria (except <em>L. hilgardii</em> isolated from sour dough) showed low resistance to the conditions during fermentation and beverages storage. Acetic acid bacteria isolated from local tea fungus were identified by PCR method. Two isolates might be <em>Gluconobacter oxydans</em> and one - <em>Gluconacetobacter hansenii.</em></p>

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / Oxidative stress (OS) is involved in the development of several disorders involving the central nervous system, such as Alzheimer s disease (AD). Considering the limitations of current therapeutics for AD, there is still a great demand for discovery of new medical alternatives. In the first part of the present study it was investigated the antioxidant capacity and the chemical composition of three plants popularly used to treat neurological disorders: Melissa officinalis, Matricaria recutita and Cymbopogon citratus. The antioxidant effect of some phenolic compounds was also examined for comparative purposes. All plant extracts were effective in to combat OS, but Melissa officinalis presented the highest antioxidant effect. Among the purified compounds, quercetin had the highest antioxidant activity followed by gallic acid, quercitrin and rutin. In this work, we have demonstrated that the plant extracts could protect against OS induced by various pro-oxidant agents that induce lipid peroxidation by different process. Based on this study, which indicates that Melissa officinalis could be an effective agent in the prevention of various neurological diseases associated with OS. In the second part of this study, it was investigated the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of different fractions from Melissa officinalis extract. Furthermore, it was verified the effect of the most antioxidant fraction on acethylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and the effect of gallic acid on the matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) activity. Ethyl acetate fraction presented the highest flavonoids content as well as antioxidant activity when compared with other tested fractions and also it caused AChE inhibition. Moreover, gallic acid inhibited MMP-2 activity. In conclusion, M. officinalis ethyl acetate fraction is suggested to be further investigated for its possible use in the treatment of AD, due its antioxidant, anticholinesterase activities and the MMP-2 inhibitory capacity of their phenolic compound, gallic acid. / O estresse oxidativo (EO) está envolvido no desenvolvimento de várias doenças relacionadas ao sistema nervoso central, tal como a Doença de Alzheimer (DA). Considerando as limitações da terapia existente para a DA, existe ainda a necessidade de novas alternativas médicas. Na primeira parte deste estudo, foi investigada a capacidade antioxidante e a composição química de três plantas usadas popularmente para tratar desordens neurológicas: Melissa officinalis, Matricaria recutita e Cymbopogon citratus. O efeito antioxidante de alguns compostos fenólicos também foi examinado para fins comparativos. Todos os extratos de plantas foram efetivos no combate ao EO induzido por diferentes agentes, mas o extrato aquoso da Melissa officinalis apresentou o maior efeito antioxidante. Dentre os compostos purificados, a quercetina teve a maior atividade antioxidante seguida pelo ácido gálico, quercitrina e rutina. Neste trabalho, foi mostrado que os extratos de plantas protegeram contra o EO induzido por vários agentes pró-oxidantes que induzem peroxidação lipídica por diferentes processos. Baseado nestes resultados, que indicam que a Melissa officinalis poderia ser um agente efetivo na prevenção de várias doenças neurológicas associadas ao EO, na segunda parte deste estudo, foram investigadas a composição química e a atividade antioxidante de diferentes frações do extrato de Melissa officinalis. Além disso, investigou-se o efeito da fração com maior potencial antioxidante na atividade da acetilcolinesterase (AChE) e o efeito do ácido gálico na atividade da metaloproteinase-2 da matriz (MMP-2). A fração acetato de etila apresentou maior conteúdo de flavonóides associada a uma maior atividade antioxidante quando comparado com as outras frações testadas e causou inibição da AChE. Além disso, o ácido gálico inibiu a atividade da MMP-2. Desta forma, sugere-se que a fração acetato de etila da M. officinalis poderia ser melhor investigada para o seu possível uso no tratamento da DA, devido às suas atividades antioxidante e anticolinesterase e a capacidade do ácido gálico, composto fenólico presente em sua composição, inibir a MMP-2.

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<p>Cilj ispitivanja čiji su rezultati prikazani u ovoj doktorskoj disertaciji bio<br />je da se ispita mogućnost dobijanja kombuha napitka od/sa CoffeeBerry&reg;<br />ekstraktom i da se ispitaju njegove funkcionalne karakteristike.<br />CoffeeBerry&reg; ekstrakt kao bogat izvor biolo&scaron;ki aktivnih jedinjenja bi<br />obezbedio dodatne funkcionalne karakteristike kombuha napitku u<br />poređenju sa onim pripremljenim na tradicionalan način od zaslađenog<br />crnog čaja. U disertaciji je nakon optimizacije sastava podloge za<br />kultivaciju čajne gljive ispitana (in vitro) antioksidativna, antimikrobna i<br />citotoksična aktivnost kombuhe/fermentacione tečnosti obogaćene<br />CoffeeBerry&reg; ekstraktom. Antioksidativna aktivnost je ispitana ESR<br />(elektron-spin rezonantnom) spektroskopijom na reaktivne hidroksil i<br />stabilne DPPH (1,1-difenil-2-pikrilhidrazil) radikale, kao i kvalitativni i<br />kvantitativni sastav fenolnih jedinjenja, potencijalnih nosilaca biolo&scaron;ke<br />aktivnosti (HPLC metodom). Antimikrobna aktivnost je ispitana agardifuzionom<br />metodom na odabrane referentne i izolovane (&bdquo;divlje&ldquo;)<br />sojeve bakterija (Gram-pozitivnih i Gram-negativnih) i kvasaca.<br />Citotoksična aktivnost uzoraka na rast odabranih ćelijskih linija: Hep2c<br />(Human larynx carcinom), RD (Rhabdomyosarcoma) i L2OB (mi&scaron;ija<br />tumorska fibrolastna linija u koju su transfektovani neki humani geni)<br />ispitana je MTT testom. U navedenim ispitivanjima je tradicionalna<br />kombuha dobijena od zaslađenog crnog čaja kori&scaron;ćena kao kontrolni<br />uzorak. Rezultati su pokazali da CoffeeBerry&reg; ekstrakt značajno<br />doprinosi antioksidativnoj i citotoksičnoj aktivnosti napitka &scaron;to govori o<br />punoj opravdanosti upotrebe ovog ekstrakta kao funkcionalnog dodatka<br />podlozi za kultivaciju čajne gljive. Kombuha napici od crnog čaja i sa<br />dodatkom CoffeeBerry&reg; ekstrakta pokazali su približno isto delovanje na<br />bakterijske sojeve, dok je delovanje na kvasce izostalo u potpunosti.<br />Primarni nosilac antibakterijske aktivnosti napitaka je sirćetna kiselina.</p> / <p>The aim of this study was to investigate fermentation of sweetened<br />medium prepared with CoffeeBerry&reg; еxtract and functional<br />characteristics of a kombucha beverage enriched with CoffeeBerry&reg;<br />еxtract. Total phenol concentration in unfermented samples,<br />fermentation broths and kombucha beverages made of CoffeeBerry&reg;<br />еxtract and black tea was determined spectrophotometrically whereas<br />qualitative and quantitative concentration of polyphenolic compounds<br />was determined by HPLC method. Antioxidant activity on DPPH and<br />hydroxyl radicals in the same samples was determined on an ESR<br />spectrometer. Fermentation broth and kombucha beverage enriched with<br />CoffeeBerry&reg; еxtract had higher antioxidant activity against both<br />radicals than control samples. Antimicrobial activity of kombucha<br />beverages optimal acidity was tested against selected strains of bacteria<br />(Gram-positive and Gram-negative) and yeast. The main active<br />component of antibacterial activity was acetic acid, but samples did not<br />show any activity against yeast Candida albicans and Saccharomyces<br />cerevisiae. Antiproliferative activity of fermentation broth with and<br />without CoffeeBerry&reg; еxtract was measured by MTT test on following<br />cell lines: Hep2c (Human larynx carcinom), RD (Rhabdomyosarcoma) i<br />L2OB (murine tumor fibrolast lines trаnsfеcted by some human genes).<br />The highest antiproliferative activity shown fermentation broth enriched<br />with CoffeeBerry&reg; еxtract, wherein Hep2c cells was the most<br />susceptible.</p>

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Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-05-28T15:31:34Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CAMILA MARIA FORMIGA LEITE - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGSA PROFISSIONAL 2016..pdf: 1330991 bytes, checksum: 3763a8f8c7326718476ac867c8c63cb6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-28T15:31:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CAMILA MARIA FORMIGA LEITE - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGSA PROFISSIONAL 2016..pdf: 1330991 bytes, checksum: 3763a8f8c7326718476ac867c8c63cb6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-15 / O feijão-caupi representa uma fonte de alimento estratégica pelos altos teores de proteínas, carboidratos e de sais minerais e adaptação às condições ambientais adversas. Existem pragas capazes de atacar grãos/feijão armazenados, e a mais importante dessas no Brasil é o Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Bruchidae), destacando-se por atacar sementes perfeitas, devido ao seu potencial depreciativo, trazendo má qualidade aos grãos e consumindo as reservas de nutrientes do embrião. O método de controle mais utilizado contra pragas de armazenamento é o uso de produtos químicos de distintas classes toxicológicas. Embora esses produtos tenham bastante eficiência, seu uso intensificado pode acarretar em problemas, com isso a utilização das plantas com atividade inseticida tornou-se tão importante, sendo geralmente aplicados na forma de pós, extratos ou óleos. Diante do exposto, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito repelente e inseticida de ervas utilizadas na cultura popular como medicinais no controle de Callosobruchus maculatus em grãos de feijão-caupi (Vigna unguiculata L.) em condições de laboratório, analisando a dose letal (DL50) e tempo letal (TL50) desses carunchos em relação ao pó dessas erva medicinais (Melissa officinalis (erva cidreira), Peumus boldus (boldo-do-chile), Maytenus ilicifolia (espinheira-santa), Mentha (hortelã). O experimento foi conduzido no laboratório de Entomologia da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG), Campus Pombal, Paraíba, Brasil. Os grãos de feijão-caupi foram tratados com os pós nas concentrações de 5,0 g e em doses diferenciadas de 0,25, 0,50, 0,75 e 1,0 % (massa do pó/massa de grãos) e realizados testes de preferência e sobrevivência contra C. maculatus. No que se refere à repelência Erva cidreira, Boldo-do-chile e a Hortelã os insetos exibiram propriedades repelentes, melhor especificando os insetos não tiveram preferência pelas mesmas. Já com a Espinheira Santa, os insetos mostraram-se atraentes/preferentes. No que se referem à sobrevivência todas as espécies causaram mortalidade, em determinado período de tempo. / The Cowpea represents a strategic food source for the high levels of proteins, carbohydrates and mineral salts and adaptation to adverse environmental conditions. There are plagues capable of attacking grains/beans stored, and the most important of these in Brazil is the Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Bruchidae), stand out to attack perfect seeds due to its derogatory potential, bringing bad quality grains and consuming nutrient reserves of the embryo. The most widely used control method against pests is the use of chemical products of different toxicological classes. Although these products have a lot of efficiency, its use can cause problems if it’s intensified, then the use of plants with insecticidal activity became so important, being generally applied in the form of powders, extracts or oils. On the exposed, this work aimed to evaluate the effect of insecticide and repellent herbs used in popular culture as the medical control of Callosobruchus maculatus in Cowpea beans, (Vigna unguiculata L.) under laboratory conditions, analyzing the lethal dose (Ld50) and lethal time (TL50) of these weevils in relation to those medicinal herb powder (Melissa officinalis (balm), Peumus boldus (boldo), Maytenus ilicifolia (espinheira-santa), Mentha (Mint). The experiment was conducted in the laboratory of Entomology, Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG), Campus Pombal, Paraíba, Brazil. Cowpea beans were treated with powders at concentrations of 5.0 grams and different doses of 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1.0% (mass/mass of powder grains) and preferably tests and survival against c. maculatus. As regards the Lemongrass repellency, Boldo and Mint insects exhibited repellent properties, better specifying the insects did not have the same preference. The Maytenus, the bugs proved attractive/preferences. In referring to the survival every species have caused mortality at any given period of time.

EU:s institutioner bereder för närvarande en förordning innehållandes internationellt privat- och processrättsliga regler i mål om makars förmögenhetsförhållanden. Det senast presenterade textförslaget (kompromissförslaget) lades fram av Italien den 10 november 2014.   Uppsatsen har två syften. För det första syftar den till att synliggöra vissa av de gränsdragnings- och tillämpningsproblem som skulle uppstå om kompromissförslaget skulle antas i dess nuvarande utformning. För det andra syftar uppsatsen till att erbjuda lösningar på de problem som identifieras. Uppsatsens fokus ligger på följande aspekter av förslaget:   Materiellt tillämpningsområde. Domsrättsreglering i mål med anledning av en makes död. Lagvalsreglering. Förbehållen för internationellt tvingande regler och ordre public.   För det första kan förordningens gränsdragning gentemot inomstatliga tvister och underhålls-frågor vålla problem. För att minska dessa problem bör det i en artikel anges att förordningen endast är tillämplig på tvister som har internationell anknytning och att en tillräcklig internationell anknytning föreligger om en av makarna innehar tillgångar som är belägna utomlands. För att avgränsa förordningens tillämpningsområde gentemot underhållsfrågor bör nationella domstolar följa den metod som anvisades i van den Boogard. Denna metod är bland annat adekvat för att kvalificera avtal mahr (islamisk brudpenning). Det är däremot inte möjligt att använda metoden för att kvalificera en dom i vilken 12 kap. 1 § äktenskapsbalken (skevdelningsregeln) har tillämpats. Enligt min mening bör i så fall den nationella domstolen göra en helhetsbedömning utifrån svaren på följande frågeställningar:   Vilket är originaldomens huvudsakliga syfte? I vilken utsträckning beaktas makarnas behov och förmåga i originaldomen?   För det andra är domsrättsreglering av mål med anledning av makes död problematiska. Art. 3 i kompromissförslaget hänvisar nämligen till arvsförordningen, vilket i praktiken kan leda till att den avlidnes barn gynnas på bekostnad av den efterlevande maken. Enligt min mening bör denna problematik minskas genom att den efterlevande maken ges en exklusiv rätt att avgöra om lagvalsreglerna i arvsförordningen eller i art. 5 kompromissförslaget ska tillämpas i ett mål om makarnas förmögenhetsförhållanden.   För det tredje kan kompromissförslagets lagvalsregler leda till problematik. Eftersom deras utformning skiljer från lagvalsreglerna i arvsförordningen och 2007 års Haagprotokoll finns det en risk att en make över- eller underkompenseras ekonomiskt. Risken kan minskas genom att makarna ingår ett lagvalsavtal eller genom att en domare tillämpar en nationell jämkningsregel eller en EU-rättslig flyktklausul (t.ex. art. 5 i 2007 års Haagprotokoll). För att ytterligare minska risken för att över- och underkompensation bör en flyktklausul införas i förslaget till förordning om makars förmögenhetsförhållanden.    En viss lagvalsregel är särskilt problematisk, nämligen art. 20a.3 i kompromissförslaget (hemvistbytesregeln). Artikeln har en bristande flexibilitet och bör därför förändras på följande vis:   Rekvisitet ”undantagsvis” bör avlägsnas. Istället bör den i punkt 2 föreslagna tidsgränsen spegla den restriktivitet som önskas. Istället för att lagen i makarnas nya hemvistland ska bli tillämplig efter en ”avsevärt mycket längre tid” bör en fast tidsgräns införas. Det bör förtydligas vad som avses med kravet på att makarna ska ha åberopat lagen i den andra staten för att ordna eller planera sina förmögenhetsförhållanden.   Enligt min mening är det lämpligt att hämta vägledning till hur tidsgränsen (se punkt 2) bör utformas i 4 § andra stycket lagen (1990:272) om internationella frågor rörande makars och sambors förmögenhetsförhållanden.   För det fjärde finns problematik med anknytning till kompromissförslagets förbehåll för internationellt tvingande regler och ordre public. Av resonemanget framgår att lagstiftaren måste föra ett detaljerat resonemang (a detailed assessment) för att 7 kap. 4–9 §§, 11 kap. 8 § och 12 kap. 1–3 §§ äktenskapsbalken (1987:230) ska kunna betecknas som internationellt tvingande även efter att förordningen har trätt i kraft. Slutligen dras slutsatsen att det är önskvärt att ramarna är snäva när det gäller en nationell domstols möjligheter att underlåta att tillämpa utländsk rätt som ger rättskraft åt avtal om mahr.

This item contains the agenda, minutes, and attachments for the Faculty Senate meeting on this date. There may be additional materials from the meeting available at the Faculty Center.