The following report details research and analysis in order to assess the background market and market-based feasibility of the development of efficiency apartment units in the central Austin Area. It explores the potential and opportunities of reducing the size of apartments and promoting efficiency apartment unit development as a strategy to improve housing affordability for the Generation Y (Gen Y) population while taking advantage of urban redevelopment investments near Austin’s main TODs. The body of this study will discuss: (1) Generation Y and its impact on Austin’s housing market; (2) concepts and facts related to housing affordability; (3) strategies used by the city of Austin to promote infill development and existing transit oriented development sites; and (4) an overview of key housing development strategies and the real estate development process, including market analysis and absorption forecast under current housing market conditions. The study evaluates the implications of a significant demand for less expensive and smaller alternative housing products for a growing population group near downtown Austin. This report may contributes to the policy discussion about different approaches to housing affordability and offers an assessment guide for new housing development opportunities for a diverse range of city residents. / text

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:38:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Joao Palma Filho.pdf: 1818506 bytes, checksum: 22c0a45db159432aec7d8494612bea26 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-04-23 / This is a qualitative research based on Bioecological Theory, which aims at investigating how a set of multifamily actions can contribute to improving the quality of relations between APAE - Associação de Pais e Amigos dos Excepcionais (Association of Parents and Friends of Exceptional Children) in the city of Francisco Morato, and families of students with intellectual deficits, from the perspective of the eleven families participating. We seek to analyze whether these actions contributed to the families understanding the institution role and limits for the development of people with intellectual deficits, the possible emotional gains and improvement in interpersonal relationships with the children served by the institution. Eleven meetings were held with the multifamily group. Actions guided by the Bioecological Theory favored proximal processes, with communication conditions between the Multifamily Group and the Technical Team, so that the participants felt welcomed, expressed their feelings, doubts, and shared their personal experiences, becoming a cohesive and participatory group. Families commented: at the end, they had a deeper understanding of the work done at the institution; are more alert and able to devote more personal resources to care for their children; perceived the specialists are more aware of their observations. It was observed at the end of the research that multifamily activities and the care in building a communication path, propitiate the empowerment of families, which is fundamental to the educational process of children and young people with intellectual deficits / APAE de Francisco Morato e grupo multifamílias: um percurso de mudanças com base na teoria bioecológica Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, fundamentada na Teoria Bioecológica, que teve por objetivo investigar como um conjunto de ações multifamiliares pode contribuir para melhorar a qualidade das relações entre a APAE Associação de Pais e Amigos dos Excepcionais da cidade de Francisco Morato e as famílias de alunos com déficit intelectual, segundo a perspectiva das onze famílias participantes. Procuramos analisar se essas ações contribuíram para as famílias compreenderem o papel e os limites da instituição para o desenvolvimento da pessoa com déficit intelectual, os possíveis ganhos emocionais e a melhoria nas relações interpessoais com os filhos atendidos pela instituição. Foram realizados onze encontros com o grupo multifamílias. As ações norteadas pela Teoria Bioecológica favoreceram os processos proximais, com as condições de comunicação entre o Grupo Multifamílias e a Equipe Técnica, de maneira que os participantes sentiram-se acolhidos, manifestaram seus sentimentos, dúvidas, compartilharem suas experiências pessoais, tornando-se um grupo coeso e participativo. As famílias comentaram: possuir ao final um conhecimento mais profundo dos trabalhos desenvolvidos na instituição; estarem mais atentas e disporem de mais recursos pessoais para cuidar de seus filhos; perceberem os técnicos mais atentos as suas observações. Observou-se ao final da pesquisa que as atividades multifamiliares e o cuidado na construção de um percurso de comunicação, propiciam o empoderamento das famílias, que é fundamental para o processo educacional de crianças e jovens com déficit intelectual

This thesis offers a decision support framework to establish the economic feasibility associated with considering the installation of a greywater system. Because of the potential dangers and lack of widespread knowledge of greywater systems, the study begins by providing an explanation of current greywater technology to include the history of the technology, an explanation of greywater as opposed to reclaimed water, the potential risks of greywater use, and the necessary components of a greywater system. This decision support framework can be used with any scale of greywater system to be installed within any scale of facility. The example of an typical Atlanta, Georgia, USA multifamily rental development is used within the study to explain the framework by showing a working model. The need for water conservation in Georgia is shown and how greywater use dovetails with the need to lower overall usage. The legality of greywater use in Georgia along with the specific legal uses is also shown. The findings are then made State of Georgia and use specific to a multifamily development. The decision support framework provided is a viable tool. The sample framework in chapter 5 shows that the implementation of a greywater unit in the sampled facility would save 5,060,739.6 gallons of potable water per year with a 10.49 year payback cycle.

This paper gives the summary of the six-year operations of multi-family therapy programme in eating disorders at The Eating Disorders Centre at The Psychiatric Clinic, Prague. The research done has been the first experience with multi-family treatment of psychiatric patients in the Czech Republic. This therapy concept is often used abroad as a form of work with patients suffering from the diagnosis of eating disorders. It is a "first choice" method due to NICE Guideline(2004). The inspiration for the Prague team was the London Maudsley model. The main aims of the research were: 1/ to introduce this therapeutic approach into a complex treatment of patients suffering from eating disorders, optimize the functioning structure and programme and stabilize the therapeutic team and 2/ to evaluate the effectiveness of multi-family treatment and suggest the suitable metodology. Since 2004 twenty families which form the observed group have been involved in the project. The combination of qualitative and quantitative methodology was chosen during the primary stage of the research. The methods used were: questionnaires of Beck Depression Inventory (BDI),Schwartz scale of therapy assessment (SOS-10), the life quality questionnaire (SQUALA) and Rosenberg self-concept questionnaire (RSE). We evaluated ten...

Dado el contexto actual de bajo crecimiento e incertidumbre internacional se busca determinar qué variable es aquella determinante en la valorización de los inmuebles multifamiliares de Lima – Metropolitana, tomando como periodo de tiempo a los años 2002-2014, un periodo muy atractivo ya que nuestro país logró importantes picos en el crecimiento y desarrollo económico-social. Mientras que en los últimos años no se vio este mismo nivel de crecimiento, lo que ayudará a que el estudio sea preciso por las dimensiones del ciclo económico que se presentaron en ese periodo. El estudio de investigación se direcciona a los inmuebles multifamiliares debido a que en los últimos años gracias a la expansión económica este segmento de mercado fue el de mayor expansión, lo que generó el incremento de la demanda y oferta de éstos bienes en el país, dada la alta rotación del producto se puede determinar que su movimiento es fundamental por el efecto que representa para el sector inmobiliario. A fin de contrastar las hipótesis y lograr los objetivos propuestos en el trabajo de investigación. / Trabajo de investigación

Inomhusklimatet har en avgörande roll för människans hälsa och välmående då människor befinner sig inomhus i nästan halva sitt liv. Det finns flera aspekter till hur det ska erhållas ett bra inomhusklimat men de mer betydelsefulla aspekterna är både god luftkvalitet och termisk komfort. Samtidigt som innebörden av reducering av energianvändning har en viktig roll i dagens utveckling. Då det ständigt arbetas med att försöka reducera energianvändningen i syfte till att underlätta för miljö- belastningen, väcker det frågor om hur den termiska komforten påverkas av detta. Rapportens syfte kommer därmed ligga i identifikation av uppvärmningssystem för ett givet flerbostadshus i Stockholmsområdet med fokus på termisk komfort och energianvändning. Utvärderingen baseras på olika typer av inverkan från diverse system som har utförts med beräkningssprogrammet IDA ICE. Ett referensfall för ett flerbostadshus användes som underlag och modellerades enligt A- och K-ritningar samt indata enligt Sveby. Det kommer även att inkludera de miljöcertifieringar som används i störst utsträckning här i Sverige och både ange deras krav gällande den termiska komforten samt respektive fokusområde då olika miljöcertifieringar har olika bedömningskriterier.   Under denna studie visade det sig att det sällan tas hänsyn till den termiska komforten på motsvarande sätt som energianvändningen. Det har även visat sig att i de fall där krav gällande den termiska komforten finns, är den otillräckligt definierad för att ge en god uppfattning av komforten. Kraven tar, med andra ord, inte hänsyn till hur bra ett hus presterar under ett helt år utan fokuserar på ett momentant värde. Till simuleringen gjordes en känslighetsanalys som påvisade vikten och behovet av en tydlig standard för odefinierade variabler för att uttrycka människors bedömning av termisk komfort. Efter samtliga simuleringarna, granskades energiberäkningar efter erhållen granskningsmall från WSP Systems i syfte att utföra en egenkontroll samt ge ett underlag för rimlighetsbedömning. Från de erhållna resultaten visade det sig att golvvärme och ökad börvärde till 22 °C gav en ökad termisk komfort men samtidigt en ökning i energianvändningen medan FTX-systemet med radiatorer gav upphov till reducerad energianvändning med cirka en tredjedel samt en liten ökning av den termiska komforten. Det visade sig även vara att vid val av FTX-systemet gav högst årlig energibesparing men att det även bör tas hänsyn till installationskostnaderna för FTX-system och golvvärmesystemet till skillnad från om börvärdet ökas till 22 °C. Det blir då en kostnadsfråga och en avgörande parameter för val bland dessa tre systemen. / The indoor climate plays a crucial role in human health and well-being when people are indoors for nearly half their life. There are several aspects to how one should achieve good indoor climate, but the more significant aspects are both good air quality and thermal comfort. Simultaneously one must regard that the reduction of energy has an important role in today’s development. While trying to reduce energy consumption in order to facilitate the environmental load, it raises the questions whether the thermal comfort is affected by this.  The purpose of the report will lie in the identification of a heating system for a given apartment building in the Stockholm area, with a focus on thermal comfort and energy use. The evaluation is based on various types of impacts from various systems that have been computed in IDA ICE. A reference case for an apartment building was used as a basis and was modeled according to architectural and constructional drawings while input data was used according to Sveby. It will also include the environmental certifications used in Sweden and specify their requirements regarding the thermal comfort, and each focus area as various environmental certifications have different assessment criteria’s. During this study it was found that we rarely take into account the thermal comfort in the same way we do with the energy consumption. It has also been found that in cases where the requirements for the thermal comfort exist, it is often insufficiently defined to provide one with a good perception of comfort. The requirements do, in other words, not take into account how well a building performs during a whole year but instead focuses on one instantaneous value. For the simulation a sensitivity analysis was made that revealed the importance and necessity of a clear standard for undefined variables to express the people’s assessment of thermal comfort. After the simulation part, the energy calculations were examined according to a review template from WSP Systems. This provided a basis for fair consideration. From the obtained results it was shown that floor heating and increasing the setpoint to 22 °C gave an increased thermal comfort but at the same time an increase in energy use. An HVAC system with a heat exchanger and radiators resulted in reduced energy use by about a third from the reference case and a slight increase in current thermal comfort. It also proved that the choice of an HVAC system with heat exchanger produced the highest annual energy savings. However one must take into account installation costs for different types of systems as opposed to when the setpoint is increased to 22 °C. Thus it becomes a cost issue and a critical parameter for selecting among these three types of solutions.

Världen idag står inför klimatförändringar och värmeböljor förväntas bli allt vanligare, långvarigare och intensivare. Byggnader är framför allt utformade för att bevara värme under kallare perioder och de flesta byggnader saknar möjlighet till aktiv kylning. Byggnader som klarar dagens energikrav behöver både vädring och solskydd för att inte uppnå hälsofarliga temperaturer under en värmebölja.  Under värmeböljor drabbas byggnader och människor i tätorter hårdare av värme än de ute på landsbygden eftersom värmen lagras i byggnader och solinstrålningen blir mer intensiv. Att utsättas för höga temperaturerna har en negativ effekt på människors hälsa och kan i värsta fall leda till dödlighet. Samtidigt ökar befolkningen inom tätorter och fler bostäder behöver byggas. Ökad bebyggelse kan leda till fler hårdytor och mindre grönska vilket i sin tur kan leda till ännu högre temperaturer i tätorter. Grön infrastruktur i tätorter kan bidra till temperatursänkning och är ett sätt att minska på konsekvenser från värmeböljor. Eftersom byggnader som klarar dagens energikrav behöver hjälpmedel för att inte uppnå höga inomhustemperaturer är det intressant att undersöka hur ett äldre flerbostadshus påverkas under samma omständigheter.  Syftet med studien är att bidra till ökad kunskap om hur det termiska inomhusklimatet i en äldre byggnad kan påverkas av en värmebölja, och hur grön infrastruktur på och runt byggnaden kan påverka det. Målet med studien är att besvara följande forskningsfrågor.  •       Hur kan en värmebölja påverka det termiska inomhusklimatet i ett tidstypiskt flerbostadshus från 1950-talet? •       Hur kan grön infrastruktur påverka det termiska inomhusklimatet i byggnaden?   Studien är en simuleringsstudie där datorprogrammet IDA ICE har använts för att skapa en modell av ett tidstypiskt flerbostadshus byggd på 50-talet. Simuleringar utfördes för att se hur inomhustemperaturen påverkas av en värmebölja. Den klimatdata som använts är från år 2018 i Göteborg där en värmebölja inträffade med utomhustemperaturer upp emot 35°C. Simuleringar för ett antal olika scenarion genomfördes för att undersöka om det var värmeböljan som påverkade det termiska inomhusklimatet eller om det var andra faktorer såsom, installationer eller brukarbeteenden. Grön infrastruktur i form av träd adderades sedan till scenarierna och simulerade inomhustemperaturer för scenarier med och utan träd jämfördes. Studiens resultat visade att värmeböljor bidrar till höga temperaturer i ett tidstypiskt flerbostadshus från 50-talet trots hjälpmedel som vädring. Den operativa inomhustemperaturen översteg Folkhälsmyndighetens rekommendationer vilket betyder att andra hjälpmedel måste installeras för att byggnaden inte ska uppnå höga temperaturer. Grön infrastruktur i form av tätare träd kunde sänka inomhustemperaturen med 3°C. Tätare träd sänkte inomhustemperaturen som max 2°C mer än glesare träd. Det visar att olika typer av gröna infrastruktur ger olika resultatet på inomhustemperaturen.  Studiens resultat pekar på behovet av att i fortsatta studier undersöka fler typer av grön infrastruktur, använda andra datorprogram eller undersöka andra parametrar som kan påverka inomhusklimatet. / The world is facing climate change and heat waves are expected to become more common, longer lasting and more intense. Buildings are primarily designed to retain heat during colder periods and most buildings do not have the option of active cooling. Buildings that meet today's energy requirements need both ventilation and sun protection in order to not reach unhealthy temperatures during a heat wave. Buildings and people in urban areas are hit harder by heat than those in rural areas during a heat wave because the heat is stored in buildings and the solar radiation becomes more intense. Exposure to high temperatures has a negative effect on human health and can, in worst case, lead to mortality. The population in urban areas are increasing and more homes need to be built. Increased buildings can lead to more hard surfaces and less greenery, which in turn can lead to even higher temperatures in urban areas. Green infrastructure in urban areas can contribute to lowering the temperature and is a way of reducing the consequences of heat waves. Since buildings that meet today's energy requirements need aid to not achieve high indoor temperatures, it is interesting to investigate how an older apartment building is affected under the same circumstances. The purpose of the study is to contribute to increased knowledge about how the thermal indoor climate in an older building can be affected by a heat wave, and how green infrastructure on and around the building can affect it. The aim of the study is to answer the following research questions. ·      How can a heat wave affect the thermal indoor climate in a typical apartment building from the 1950s? ·      How can green infrastructure affect the indoor thermal climate in the building? The study is a simulation study where the computer program IDA ICE has been used to create a model of a typical apartment building built in the 50s. Simulations were performed to see how the indoor temperature is affected by a heat wave. The climate data used is from 2018 in Gothenburg, where a heat wave occurred with outdoor temperatures up to 35 degrees. Simulations for several different scenarios were performed to investigate whether it was the heat wave that affected the thermal indoor climate or whether it was other factors such as, installations or user behaviors. Green infrastructure in the form of trees were then added to the scenarios and the simulated indoor temperatures for the scenarios with and without trees were compared. The results of the study showed that heat waves contribute to very high temperatures in a standard apartment building from the 50s, despite aids such as ventilation. The operating indoor temperature exceeded the Swedish Public Health Agency's recommendations, which means that other aids must be installed for the building to not reach high temperatures. Green infrastructure in the form of denser trees could lower the indoor temperature with 3°C. Denser trees lowered the indoor temperature by a maximum of 2°C more than sparser trees. It shows that different types of green infrastructure give different results on the indoor temperature. The results of the study show that further studies can investigate more types of green infrastructure, using other computer programs or investigating other parameters that can affect the indoor climate.

This paper gives the summary of the six-year operations of multi-family therapy programme in eating disorders at The Eating Disorders Centre at The Psychiatric Clinic, Prague. The research done has been the first experience with multi-family treatment of psychiatric patients in the Czech Republic. This therapy concept is often used abroad as a form of work with patients suffering from the diagnosis of eating disorders. It is a "first choice" method due to NICE Guideline(2004). The inspiration for the Prague team was the London Maudsley model. The main aims of the research were: 1/ to introduce this therapeutic approach into a complex treatment of patients suffering from eating disorders, optimize the functioning structure and programme and stabilize the therapeutic team and 2/ to evaluate the effectiveness of multi-family treatment and suggest the suitable metodology. Since 2004 twenty families which form the observed group have been involved in the project. The combination of qualitative and quantitative methodology was chosen during the primary stage of the research. The methods used were: questionnaires of Beck Depression Inventory (BDI),Schwartz scale of therapy assessment (SOS-10), the life quality questionnaire (SQUALA) and Rosenberg self-concept questionnaire (RSE). We evaluated ten...

Dentro de las etapas que se tienen en los proyectos de construcción, se encuentra la etapa de monitoreo y control, el cual se encarga de corroborar que el proyecto esté dentro del tiempo, costo y alcance delimitado. Los sistemas de monitoreo que se tienen actualmente consisten en recolectar la información de campo, documentarla manualmente y, posteriormente, digitalizarla. Los responsables de realizar los reportes de obra, mediante este procedimiento, dedican entre el 28% al 41% de su tiempo diariamente para su elaboración. Este proceso tradicional es lento e ineficaz, debido a que la información está dispersa en diferentes documentos, lo que puede generar la omisión de datos, ocasionando así, que no se tomen acciones correctivas de manera oportuna. Asimismo, el sector de la construcción cuenta con poco uso de recursos tecnológicos y por ello, no se cuentan con procesos automatizados, lo que dificulta el monitoreo de los proyectos de construcción de una manera eficiente. En ese sentido, la presente investigación establece la optimización del procedimiento de control, mediante el uso de una herramienta digital para reducir las horas hombre empleadas en el control de avance. Con la implementación de esta propuesta, se redujo las horas que invierte el personal involucrado en las labores de control en un 37%. / In the stages that are in the construction projects, there is the control and monitoring stage, which is responsible for confirming that the project is within the time, cost and limited scope. Currently, the monitoring system consists of collecting the field information, writing it manually and later, on the computer. Those responsible for making the reports through this process, dedicate between 28% and 41% of their time daily for their elaboration. This traditional process is labored and ineffective because the information is dispersed in different documents, so data can be omitted, causing corrective actions not to be taken in time. Likewise, the construction sector has little use of technological resources and therefore, there are no automated processes which makes it easier to monitor construction projects in an efficient way. Due to this, the present investigation proposes the optimization of the control process through the use of a digital tool to reduce the time spent on advance control. With the implementation of this proposal, the hours spent by staff in control work were reduced by 37%. / Tesis

La actividad constructiva es tan importante en la economía de una sociedad, pero a la vez genera un impacto negativo al medio ambiente, que a veces es irreversible. La ciudad del Cusco patrimonio cultural de la humanidad, en los últimos 10 años ha crecido considerablemente trayendo con ello problemas de polución y contaminación que se acrecienta con la actividad constructiva informal que no deja de crecer en el Cusco. En el mundo se está fomentando la construcción sostenible mediante certificaciones internacionales como el LEED, BREAM y EDGE todas ellas buscando el ahorro de agua, energía y CO2 emitido al medio ambiente. El presente trabajo de investigación ha determinado los beneficios que una construcción con certificación EDGE sostenible generan en el medio ambiente, los beneficios que tienen los usuarios finales de los edificios multifamiliares sostenibles que se expresan en el ahorro del pago de servicios de agua y luz; y los beneficios que tienen los inversionistas al ejecutar proyectos con certificación EDGE. Para tal efecto, se tomó como caso de estudio el edificio multifamiliar Las Américas ubicado en el distrito de Wanchaq, donde se hace la comparación entre un proyecto diseñado de manera tradicional y otro donde se incorporan criterios de sostenibilidad ambiental para la certificación EDGE, teniendo como resultado un ahorro de 30.31 % en agua, 55.71 % en energía y 13.95 tCO2/año. Además, se demuestra la importancia de las ordenanzas municipales que promueven las edificaciones sostenibles, porque con ellas se compensa el costo de construir un edificio sostenible con el incremento de metros cuadrados de edificación vendible que es atractivo para los inversionistas. / The construction activity is so important for the economy of a society, but at the same time generates a negative impact on the environment, which is sometimes irreversible. The city of Cusco, a world cultural heritage site, has grown considerably, bringing with it problems of pollution and contamination, which is increased by informal construction activity. In the world, sustainable construction is being promoted through international certifications such as LEED, BREAM and EDGE, all of them seeking to save water, energy and CO2 emitted into the environment. This research work seeks to determine the benefits that a construction with sustainable EDGE certification generates in the environment, the benefits that the final users of sustainable multifamily buildings have, which are expressed in the saving of water and electricity payments; and the benefits that investors have when executing projects with EDGE certification; and for this purpose we studied as a case study the multifamily building Las Americas located in the district of Wanchaq where a comparison is made between a project designed in a traditional way and another where environmental sustainability criteria are incorporated for EDGE certification, resulting in a 30. 31% of water, 55.71% energy and 13.95 t of CO2. In addition, the importance of municipal ordinances that promote sustainable building is demonstrated because they offset the cost of constructing a sustainable building with the increase in saleable building square meters, which is attractive to investors. / Trabajo de investigación