Les fonctionnelles de Minkowski définissent des mesures topologiques et géométriques d'ensembles, insuffisantes pour la caractérisation, des ensembles différents pouvant avoir les mêmes fonctionnelles. D'autres fonctionnelles de forme, géométriques et morphométriques, sont donc utilisées. Un diagramme de forme, défini grâce à deux fonctionnelles morphométriques, donne une représentation permettant d'étudier les formes d'ensembles. En analyse d'image, ces fonctionnelles et diagrammes sont souvent limités aux images binaires et déterminés de manière globale et mono-échelle. Les Voisinages Adaptatifs Généraux (VAG) simultanément adaptatifs avec les échelles d'analyse, structures spatiales et intensités des images, permettent de pallier ces limites. Une analyse locale, adaptative et multi-échelle des images à tons de gris est proposée sous forme de cartographies des fonctionnelles de forme à VAG.Les VAG, définis en tout point du support spatial d'une image à tons de gris, sont homogènes par rapport à un critère d'analyse représenté dans un modèle vectoriel, suivant une tolérance d'homogénéité. Les fonctionnelles de forme calculées pour chaque VAG de l'image définissent les cartographies des fonctionnelles de forme à VAG. Les histogrammes et diagrammes de ces cartographies donnent des distributions statistiques des formes des structures locales de l'image contrairement aux histogrammes classiques qui donnent une distribution globale des intensités de l'image. L'impact de la variation des critères axiomatiques des VAG est analysé à travers ces cartographies, histogrammes et diagrammes. Des cartographies multi-échelles sont construites, définissant des fonctions de forme à VAG. / Minkowski functionals define set topological and geometrical measurements, insufficient for the characterization, because different sets may have the same functionals. Thus, other shape functionals, geometrical and morphometrical are used. A shape diagram, defined thanks to two morphometrical functionals, provides a representation allowing the study of set shapes. In quantitative image analysis, these functionals and diagrams are often limited to binary images and achieved in a global and monoscale way. The General Adaptive Neighborhoods (GANs) simultaneously adaptive with the analyzing scales, the spatial structures and the image intensities, enable to overcome these limitations. The GAN-based Minkowski functionals are introduced, which allow a gray-tone image analysis to be realized in a local, adaptive and multiscale way.The GANs, defined around each point of the spatial support of a gray-tone image, are homogeneous with respect to an analyzing criterion function represented in an algebraic model, according to an homogeneity tolerance. The shape functionals computed on the GAN of each point of the spatial support of the image, define the so-called GAN-based shape maps. The map histograms and diagrams provide statistical distributions of the shape of the gray-tone image local structures, contrary to the classical histogram that provides a global distribution of image intensities. The impact of axiomatic criteria variations is analyzed through these maps, histograms and diagrams. Thus, multiscale maps are built, defining GAN-based shape functions.

The Bonton and Ideal neighborhoods in Dallas Texas, developed in the early 1900s, experienced physical and social decay throughout the 1980s. Neighborhood organizations and resident activism were vital to the rebirth of the community in the 1990s. Current revitalization efforts taking place there have been a source of contention as the neighborhood continues to overcome inequalities created by decades of racialized city planning initiatives. This thesis focuses on how the structuring structure of whiteness has historically affected, and continues to affect, the neighborhoods of Ideal and Bonton, as well as acts to identify how black residents have navigated their landscape and increased their collective capital through neighborhood activism.

Thesis (D. Min.)--Erskine Theological Seminary, 2007. / Abstract. Description based on Microfiche version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 140-142).

Essa dissertação aborda o tema dos ritmos temporais nas cidades modernocontemporâneas a partir da experiência etnográfica entre núcleos familiares e redes de camadas médias urbanas. Inserida nas discussões sobre planejamento urbano, construção e destruição de propriedade privada residencial, abordamos as representações da morada a partir das imagens que a compõem. O estudo busca pensar o espaço da morada como objeto do tempo nos bairros: Tristeza, Rio Branco, Floresta e Petrópolis, na cidade de Porto Alegre, Brasil; e o Bairro de San Telmo, na cidade de Buenos Aires, Argentina. A partir da pesquisa em imagens de acervo e dados oriundos do método etnográfico buscamos pensar a transformação da cidade a partir das narrativas biográficas e das trajetórias sociais dos integrantes desses diferentes contextos etnográficos por intermédio da noção de memória e de uma etnografia da duração. / This thesis intends to establish how the representation of “morada”, in moderncontemporary cities, from the perspective of an ethnographic experience affects the family groups and networks of urban middle classes. The thesis discusses urban planning, construction and destruction of private residential properties, specially including several visual representations of the “morada”. It aims to ponder the “morada” space, as an object changing in a time, in the neighborhoods of Tristeza, Rio Branco, Floresta and Petrópolis, all in the city of Porto Alegre, Brazil, and San Telmo, in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Searching the data and image collection gathered in an ethnographic method, the thesis discusses the transformation the cities go through, from the perspective of the biographic narratives and social trajectories of the members of those different ethnographic contexts, from the perspective of memory and ethnographic duration. / Esta tesis abarca la cuestion de las ritmos temporales en las ciudades modernocontemporaneas, desde la experiencia etnográfica entre los grupos familiares y las redes de clase media urbana. Incluidos en las discusiones acerca de la planificación urbana, la construcción y la destrucción de la propiedad residencial privada, hablamos de las representaciones de la “morada” desde las imágenes que componen. El estudio tiene como objetivo reflexionar sobre el espacio de la “morada” como un objeto de tiempo en los barrios: Tristeza, Rio Branco, Floresta y Petrópolis, la ciudad de Porto Alegre en Brasil, y San Telmo, en Buenos Aires, Argentina. Desde la investigación cerca de las colecciones de imágenes de museos y arquivos e incluso datos de la etnografía reflexionamos sobre la transformación de la ciudad desde las narrativas y trayectorias sociales de los miembros de los diferentes contextos etnográficos utilizando el concepto de la memoria y la etnografía de la duracion.

Essa dissertação aborda o tema dos ritmos temporais nas cidades modernocontemporâneas a partir da experiência etnográfica entre núcleos familiares e redes de camadas médias urbanas. Inserida nas discussões sobre planejamento urbano, construção e destruição de propriedade privada residencial, abordamos as representações da morada a partir das imagens que a compõem. O estudo busca pensar o espaço da morada como objeto do tempo nos bairros: Tristeza, Rio Branco, Floresta e Petrópolis, na cidade de Porto Alegre, Brasil; e o Bairro de San Telmo, na cidade de Buenos Aires, Argentina. A partir da pesquisa em imagens de acervo e dados oriundos do método etnográfico buscamos pensar a transformação da cidade a partir das narrativas biográficas e das trajetórias sociais dos integrantes desses diferentes contextos etnográficos por intermédio da noção de memória e de uma etnografia da duração. / This thesis intends to establish how the representation of “morada”, in moderncontemporary cities, from the perspective of an ethnographic experience affects the family groups and networks of urban middle classes. The thesis discusses urban planning, construction and destruction of private residential properties, specially including several visual representations of the “morada”. It aims to ponder the “morada” space, as an object changing in a time, in the neighborhoods of Tristeza, Rio Branco, Floresta and Petrópolis, all in the city of Porto Alegre, Brazil, and San Telmo, in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Searching the data and image collection gathered in an ethnographic method, the thesis discusses the transformation the cities go through, from the perspective of the biographic narratives and social trajectories of the members of those different ethnographic contexts, from the perspective of memory and ethnographic duration. / Esta tesis abarca la cuestion de las ritmos temporales en las ciudades modernocontemporaneas, desde la experiencia etnográfica entre los grupos familiares y las redes de clase media urbana. Incluidos en las discusiones acerca de la planificación urbana, la construcción y la destrucción de la propiedad residencial privada, hablamos de las representaciones de la “morada” desde las imágenes que componen. El estudio tiene como objetivo reflexionar sobre el espacio de la “morada” como un objeto de tiempo en los barrios: Tristeza, Rio Branco, Floresta y Petrópolis, la ciudad de Porto Alegre en Brasil, y San Telmo, en Buenos Aires, Argentina. Desde la investigación cerca de las colecciones de imágenes de museos y arquivos e incluso datos de la etnografía reflexionamos sobre la transformación de la ciudad desde las narrativas y trayectorias sociales de los miembros de los diferentes contextos etnográficos utilizando el concepto de la memoria y la etnografía de la duracion.

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / Clubes negros foram a expressÃo da sociabilidade afro-negra no meio urbanos das cidades de Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul, dentre outros. Abrigaram as facetas do registro urbano brasileiro da populaÃÃo negra. A pesquisa estuda o conjunto dos clubes negros de Juiz de Fora como uma expressÃo polÃtica importante para a histÃria da populaÃÃo negra da cidade. AtravÃs deles realizaram-se ideias de inserÃÃo destas populaÃÃes nas dinÃmicas sociais da cidade. A cidade formal processa o racismo institucional na sua produÃÃo. Racismo interpretado como um processo de dominaÃÃo entre grupos sociais e com as imposiÃÃes contrÃrias Ãs necessidades da populaÃÃo negra de inclusÃo social. Pensamos que a dimensÃo do lazer dos bailes e festas exigiu um projeto de resistÃncia coletiva e de uma forma de inserÃÃo social das populaÃÃes negras. A pesquisa utiliza Metodologia da AfrodescendÃncia no seu desenvolvimento, traduzindo o sujeito pesquisar como o sujeito pesquisado. Utiliza dos instrumentos da histÃria oral e documental. O trabalho traz a formaÃÃo da cidade de Juiz de Fora, a constituiÃÃo e transformaÃÃo dos bairros negros. Discute a amplitude e a importÃncia desses clubes para a populaÃÃo negra. Traduz a inscriÃÃo da populaÃÃo negra na histÃria urbana / Black people clubs were an expression of african-black urban sociability in the cities of states of Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul, sheltered facets of Brazilian urban record of the black population. The research studies the set of black clubs of city of Juiz de For a as an important political expression to the history of the black population. Through them were held ideals of inclusion of these populations in the social dynamics of the city. The formal city processes the institutional racism in its production. Racism interpreted as a process of domination between social groups and the impositions contrary to the needs of the black population of social justice. We believe that the size of leisure of balls and parties there was a collective resistance project and a form of social inclusion. The research employs the methodology and the subject as life experience. This research work uses the tools of oral and documentary history. The work brings the formation of the city of Juiz de For a, the constitution and transformation of black neighborhoods. Discusses the breadth and importance of these clubs to the black population. Translates the inscription of the black population in urban history

Essa dissertação aborda o tema dos ritmos temporais nas cidades modernocontemporâneas a partir da experiência etnográfica entre núcleos familiares e redes de camadas médias urbanas. Inserida nas discussões sobre planejamento urbano, construção e destruição de propriedade privada residencial, abordamos as representações da morada a partir das imagens que a compõem. O estudo busca pensar o espaço da morada como objeto do tempo nos bairros: Tristeza, Rio Branco, Floresta e Petrópolis, na cidade de Porto Alegre, Brasil; e o Bairro de San Telmo, na cidade de Buenos Aires, Argentina. A partir da pesquisa em imagens de acervo e dados oriundos do método etnográfico buscamos pensar a transformação da cidade a partir das narrativas biográficas e das trajetórias sociais dos integrantes desses diferentes contextos etnográficos por intermédio da noção de memória e de uma etnografia da duração. / This thesis intends to establish how the representation of “morada”, in moderncontemporary cities, from the perspective of an ethnographic experience affects the family groups and networks of urban middle classes. The thesis discusses urban planning, construction and destruction of private residential properties, specially including several visual representations of the “morada”. It aims to ponder the “morada” space, as an object changing in a time, in the neighborhoods of Tristeza, Rio Branco, Floresta and Petrópolis, all in the city of Porto Alegre, Brazil, and San Telmo, in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Searching the data and image collection gathered in an ethnographic method, the thesis discusses the transformation the cities go through, from the perspective of the biographic narratives and social trajectories of the members of those different ethnographic contexts, from the perspective of memory and ethnographic duration. / Esta tesis abarca la cuestion de las ritmos temporales en las ciudades modernocontemporaneas, desde la experiencia etnográfica entre los grupos familiares y las redes de clase media urbana. Incluidos en las discusiones acerca de la planificación urbana, la construcción y la destrucción de la propiedad residencial privada, hablamos de las representaciones de la “morada” desde las imágenes que componen. El estudio tiene como objetivo reflexionar sobre el espacio de la “morada” como un objeto de tiempo en los barrios: Tristeza, Rio Branco, Floresta y Petrópolis, la ciudad de Porto Alegre en Brasil, y San Telmo, en Buenos Aires, Argentina. Desde la investigación cerca de las colecciones de imágenes de museos y arquivos e incluso datos de la etnografía reflexionamos sobre la transformación de la ciudad desde las narrativas y trayectorias sociales de los miembros de los diferentes contextos etnográficos utilizando el concepto de la memoria y la etnografía de la duracion.

This thesis explores the ongoing regeneration of Raploch council housing estate, in Stirling, focusing on the lived experiences of the established residents who reside in the pre-regeneration council housing estate, or had family or historical links with the area, as well as new residents, who have moved into the new owner occupied houses that were built in the regeneration. Key informants who have worked in a professional capacity in the area were also consulted to broaden the perspective. The regeneration was a response to a long history of deprivation, segregation and stigmatisation, which led to the demolition of council housing on one side of a main road within the area. The demolition site was redeveloped by a partnership of private developers and a social housing provider. As a consequence of the regeneration there were various physical and social changes in the area, caused by the construction of new homes, as well as other changes to the built environment, and the influx of owner occupiers into the new housing. A visual research method, 'auto-driven photo elicitation', was utilised, which allowed an insight into these changes from a unique perspective. Participants made photos of the area, of places they wanted to discuss, which became the starting point of a subsequent interview process; allowing participants to focus on issues relevant to them. The findings showed that the participants attached a great importance to the history of this specific place, but also that there was segregation between the new residents and the established community. Further fragmentations, religious and historic territorial divisions, within the communities were visually reinforced by the regeneration process. The participants also attached great significance to the linguistic and semiotic landscape, which they interpreted in the context of this place.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI / Charter schools are a major movement in American education and increasingly used as a city strategy for neighborhood rehabilitation. Indianapolis is one of a growing number of urban areas to promote charter schools as catalysts for neighborhood revitalization. Previous studies find mixed results about the causes of neighborhood change or how residents make mobility decisions. The present study seeks to create an empirical model that discovers the impact of charter schools as a neighborhood amenity. This is based on two measures of well-being: change in percentage poverty and change in percentage school-aged residents. Data indicate a negative relationship between charter schools in a census tract and the school-aged resident population. However, statistical analysis did not support a significant relationship between either measure and charter schools in the ten year time frame.

<p dir="ltr">This dissertation analyzes the sixty-four (64) page handwritten ledger of Mrs. Goldleana Harris (also known as Mrs. Mosley Abraham Gibbs, 1920–1986), kept between 1944 and 1960. Harris is a Black woman born in Longstreet, Louisiana DeSoto Parish. She lived in Shreveport, Louisiana from 1949–1986. Using a case study approach and close reading analysis of Mrs. Goldleana’s writings, I document a Black woman’s lived experience and the historical significance of Hollywood, a segregated Black neighborhood in Shreveport, Louisiana and related gathering spaces within the Deep South region of the United States between 1944 and 1960. These spaces include five areas of significant and overlapping importance: The Family House, The School House, The Church House, The Labor (Work) House, & The Play (Leisure) House. </p>