Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T14:53:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Anamaria Aguiar e Salles.pdf: 1150702 bytes, checksum: dd9cf50d89097102632f11a215d3f940 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-06-07 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / The abolitionist thought redeminishes the criticism of the penal practices from the problematization of the existence of the reality of crime s ontology and of the universality of laws and punishments. In spite of the diversity of the lines of thoughts it interests itself in repairing the victims and to understand the offensors involved in problematic situations. It highlights that each conflictual situation that comes across in a person s life happens in a singular manner and that, thereafter, a problematic event will never be the same as another. Louk Hulsman, from his libertarian perspective proposes the direct conciliation between individuals involved in problematic situations. He understands penal abolitionism as a practice held in the present by refusing the language of the criminal justice system, and the resolution of problematic situations beyond its reach. The wish to affirm the abolitionism, took him travelling around the planet, establishing connections and promoting new ways of thinking from the events he experienced. The dissertation Louk Hulsman and penal abolitionism , intends to show the construction of Louk Hulsman s abolitionism thought and its repercussions, by including Brazil and Argentina, by means of the analysis of the papers produced by the abolitionist and interviews with intellectuals who were close to him. It is interested in tracing the battle waged by the abolitionist thinkers against a system of justice that is selective and reproduces violence, and to show captures and attempts of immobilization of the abolitionist thought in the actuality by incorporating its suggestions on alternative programs of justice / O pensamento abolicionista redimensionou a crítica às práticas penais a partir da problematização da existência da realidade ontológica do crime e do universalismo das leis e dos castigos. Apesar da diversidade nas linhas de pensamento, interessa-se em reparar as vítimas e compreender os infratores envolvidos em situações-problema. Destaca que cada situação conflituosa que atravessa a vida de uma pessoa acontece de maneira singular, e que, portanto, um evento problemático nunca será igual ao outro. Louk Hulsman, a partir de sua perspectiva libertária, propõe a conciliação direta entre os indivíduos envolvidos em situações-problema. Entende o abolicionismo penal enquanto prática que se exerce no presente, pela recusa da linguagem do sistema de justiça criminal, e pela resolução de situações-problema fora de sua esfera. A vontade de afirmar o abolicionismo o levou a viajar pelo planeta, estabelecendo conexões e provocando novos pensamentos a partir dos acontecimentos que vivenciava. Esta dissertação, Louk Hulsman e o abolicionismo penal , pretende mostrar a construção do pensamento abolicionista de Louk Hulsman e suas repercussões, incluindo o Brasil e a Argentina, por meio da análise dos escritos produzidos pelo abolicionista e por entrevistas com intelectuais que lhes foram próximos. Interessa-se em traçar a batalha travada pelos pensadores abolicionistas contra um sistema de justiça seletivo e reprodutor de violências, e em mostrar as capturas e tentativas de imobilização do pensamento abolicionista na atualidade ao incorporar suas sugestões a programas alternativos de justiça

This diploma thesis deals with the issue of debt of people in the age category 18-26 years. The object of the diploma thesis is to map the reasons for the indebtedness persons in the age of 18 - 26. To accomplish main object were set two sub-objectives: 1. Identify the reasons that lead to indebtedness. 2. Identify competencies whose absence may lead to indebtedness. The thesis is divided into theoretical and empirical part. The theoretical part includes description of the term dept problematic, definition of commitments, characteristics of indebtedness and overindebtedness, the reasons of debts, social counseling, the klient of social counseling and last but not least, debt counseling as a social counseling activity. In the empirical part is described the research itself, which includes objectives, research questions, methodics and results of research and last but not least discusion and result of whole research.The research was used qualitative strategies, method of questioning and semi-structured interview technique. The basic sample for this thesis were formed by clients of social counseling in Příbram. The research results into the fact that people in the chosen age group are most often indebted because of the lack of financial literacy, which leads them to falling into a debt trap, which then deepens, mainly because of their indiscretion. The main cause of debts in such young peoples is the separation from the family and the searching for adequate housing. The research also proved that this group of people is located on the brink of society and will find it difficult to deal with this situation, as they know the solutions but rarely know where they can find advice or help. The consequences of their actions then have a bad effect on their psyche and subsequently worsen their health. The results of thesis can be used as educative material for wide public. The thesis can be also publicated in the local peridiocals in terms of the actual topic in connection with the amendment of insolvency act. It can be also used in social work with the chosen age group. For social workers can served as insight into this problematic.

Languages within one language family may be so closely related that their speakers often communicate, each using their own language. This phenomenon was investigated in African, Germanic and Romance languages and coined as semicommunication by Haugen (1966), and later became receptive multilingualism by Braunm&uuml / ller (2002). This research attempts to find out if receptive multilingual communication is possible in Slavonic languages (Polish, Russian and Ukrainian). Besides, it was a great importance to define whether the success of communication is symmetric among the speakers of the mentioned languages. Finally, various cases of problematic understanding were analyzed with the main emphasis on the speakers&rsquo / strategies when they try to overcome reception problems. Methodically, 4 Russian-Ukrainian, 4 Polish-Ukrainian and 4 Polish-Russian conversations were recorded with the use of digital camera. Cases of problematic understanding were defined and transcribed with Exmaralda program, Partitur editor. Number of problematic utterances in relation to total number of utterances in discourse was the measure of communication success in each language constellation. In order to see the overall picture of how receptive multilingualism works in the three languages and in each constellation separately, the statistic research was done with SPSS program. The findings of the research revealed that receptive multilingual communication among Polish, Russian and Ukrainian speakers is generally successful, however, not symmetric with respect to understanding degree in different constellations.

Traditional college students are members of an age bracket noted for high levels of risky behavior, and research has shown that certain risky behaviors, such as disordered eating and problematic alcohol use, are particularly common among undergraduates. It is well established that certain events in the learning history predispose vulnerable persons to engage in maladaptive risky behaviors. What is less clear is why some persons facing these events go on to develop maladaptive behavior while others do not, or why people facing similar events develop different varieties of maladaptive behaviors. Current research has focused extensively on risk factors that are common across dysregulated behaviors (e.g., affect dysregulation, impulsivity, etc.); however, few studies have yet explored which risk factors differentiate risk for different maladaptive behaviors. Likely, certain mediating factors, such as beliefs about one's capability to tolerate the aversive aspects of a specific behavior, may differentiate groups at-risk for engaging in different maladaptive behaviors. Being able to determine specific risk factors for maladaptive behaviors would have obvious predictive value for targeted prevention and intervention efforts. Nevertheless, current research in the fields of risky behavior has relatively neglected the exploration of these specific risk factors, leading to theoretical, measurement, and application gaps in the literatures surrounding these problematic areas. This study aspires to address some of those gaps, by extending the construct of acquired capability (i.e., the role of exposure and habituation to certain events in the learning history that predict the development of the ability to engage in risky behaviors despite emotional or physical discomfort) from the field of self-harm to other risky behaviors. Acquired capability as a differentially-specific risk factor has been widely validated in the field of self-harm, but has been relatively unexplored in the fields of disordered eating and problematic alcohol. As such, this study aims to develop a measure of acquired capability for disordered eating and problematic alcohol use, then validate this measure by exploring associations between acquired capability-enhancing events in the learning history, acquired capability-related beliefs, and actual risk behaviors, over and above the contributions of other common risk factors (e.g., affect dysregulation, sensation seeking) in a sample of female college undergraduates.

Homosexuality may be encountered in all cultural and historical formations. Different cultures have different views of sexuality, its expression and forms in general. The difference of the homosexual orientation and the way this phenomenon is reflected in the society influences the life of persons with homosexual orientation. Individuals are often confronted with an inner conflict with the heterosexual majority, which may result in his existential stress. Mastering problematic situations in life depends on the personality of an individual with homosexual orientation, the expectations of his/her social environment ambience and the support that his/her surroundings that the individual perceives in this environment. At present, there is increasing interest in homosexuality as a social phenomenon. In the theoretical part, I summed up the Euro-American views of homosexuality and outlined the religious roots of the present-day view of homosexuality. Subsequently, I dealt with living conditions connected with the homosexual orientation. The view of problematic life situations and crises of persons with homosexual orientation was, resulting from the substance of the subject, the most important basis for the practical part of my diploma thesis. The basic objective that I endeavoured to fulfil was to describe the life situations and problems that are connected with homosexuality, seen from the subjective point of view of persons with homosexual orientation. I limited the research area to the actual viewing of one?s own minority sexuality by a homosexual man/lesbian woman, and viewing their social background reacting to their different orientation. The study was intended as qualitative research from the very beginning. To conduct the specific research I chose the attitude by means of the phenomenologic research. The experience that an individual had gone through was recorded by means of an interview and subsequently analysed. This interview created a basis for the description and interpretation of the experience conveyed. Drawing on the facts obtained it is possible to recommend various forms of education activity, the purpose of which is a higher information level in both the homosexually and heterosexually oriented public. Further, I recommend drawing up quality methodology focusing on decreasing the homophobic attitudes in the majority society in the Czech Republic. It is necessary to observe a professional attitude lessons on the topic of homosexuality within sexual education at primary schools, which will be based on a unified methodology. To create a legislative basis concerning adoption and assisted reproduction in the Czech Republic, it will be necessary to adopt measures have to be adopted that will eventually result in an absolute elimination of discrimination of the minority with homosexual orientation.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-09-19T15:21:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 renatapradoalvessilva.pdf: 1353565 bytes, checksum: 16000b96ef4c2dec50c7d5b4c312188c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-10-04T15:45:49Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 renatapradoalvessilva.pdf: 1353565 bytes, checksum: 16000b96ef4c2dec50c7d5b4c312188c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-10-04T15:46:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 renatapradoalvessilva.pdf: 1353565 bytes, checksum: 16000b96ef4c2dec50c7d5b4c312188c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-04T15:46:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 renatapradoalvessilva.pdf: 1353565 bytes, checksum: 16000b96ef4c2dec50c7d5b4c312188c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-05-24 / Os MMORPGs são um fenômeno à parte na indústria dos jogos eletrônicos. Possuem um desenvolvimento paralelo, trazendo sempre elementos novos e diferenciados para a cultura dos games. World of Warcraft, lançado em 2004, é o mais expressivo representante do gênero MMORPG, com 11.5 milhões de usuários pagantes no mundo. O jogo é constantemente alvo de críticas devido ao alto grau de envolvimento dos jogadores (fenômeno denominado ―vício‖ ou ―uso problemático‖) que passam, em média, 20 horas por semana conectados. Entender o desenvolvimento deste game e como se dá a participação nele conduziu à verificação da existência de padrões na concepção do jogo que buscam criar hábitos específicos nos jogadores, resultando no alto grau de envolvimento. Partindo da hipótese de que os jogos eletrônicos estão modificando hábitos, comportamentos e até a sociabilidade, uma contextualização bibliográfica sobre o desenvolvimento dos jogos eletrônicos, desde seus primórdios, indicou que o gênero MMORPG sempre encerrou características essenciais para este envolvimento. O detalhamento de World of Warcraft como mídia híbrida - por meio das Matrizes da Linguagem e do Pensamento de Lúcia Santaella, apoiadas na semiótica peirceana -, conduziu a uma análise das dominâncias sonoras, visuais e verbais no jogo, assim como os hibridismos que atuam potencialmente sobre a formação de hábitos. A análise das semioses para produção de envolvimento apontou que o universo do jogo é concebido e modificado para adequar os hábitos dos jogadores aos interesses comerciais dos desenvolvedores. / The MMORPGs are a phenomenon apart in the industry of electronic games. They have a parallel development, always bringing new and different elements to the culture of games. World of Warcraft, launched in 2004, is the most significant representative of the MMORPG genre, with 11.5 million paying users in the world. The title is constantly criticized because of the high degree of engagement of the players (called "addiction" or "problematic use") that are on average 20 hours per week online. Understanding the development of this game and how does the participation in it led to the determination of standards inside the game design seeking to establish specific habits in the players, resulting in the high degree of involvement identified. Assuming that electronic games are changing habits, behavior and even sociability, a bibliographic research on the development of electronic games, since its inception, said the MMORPG genre always ended the essential characteristics for this involvement. The details of World of Warcraft as hybrid media – through Matrix of Language and Thought by Lucia Santaella, supported by Peirce's semiotics –, led to an analysis of dominances of sound, visual and verbal aspects in the game, as well as hybrid forms, potentially acting on the formation of habits. The analysis of the semiosis for the production of engagement pointed that the game world is designed and modified to suit the habits of players to the developers‘ commercial interests.

Syftet var att, utifrån ett urval av människor med erfarenhet av problematisk narkotikakonsumtion, generera kunskap och förståelse om hur familjefaktorer samt reaktioner och agerande från samhällskontakter kan fungera som riskfaktorer för att människor blir problematiska narkotikakonsumenter. Fem semistrukturerade intervjuer med människor med erfarenhet av problematisk narkotikakonsumtion genomfördes. De teoretiska utgångspunkterna som användes för analysarbetet var Goldberg (2010):s stämplingsteoretiska modell och Nakken (1999):s missbrukarprocessteori. Resultatet visade att de riskfaktorer som kan härledas ur familjefaktorer var att bli utsatt för fysiskt våld, att vara familjens syndabock samt att ha fysiskt eller emotionellt frånvarande föräldrar. Samhällsfaktorer som visade sig vara riskfaktorer var att vara förskolan/skolans syndabock, att bli flyttad till specialklass samt att bli placerad utanför hemmet av socialtjänsten. Studien visade även på ett samband mellan problematiska familjeförhållanden och problematiska samhällskontakter. Studien visade att problematiska familjeförhållanden upplevdes som mest betydande för utvecklandet av en problematisk narkotikakonsumtion. / The main purpose with this study was to generate knowledge and understanding of how family factors and the reaction and behaviour of social contacts may serve as risk factors for people becoming drug comsumers. Five semi- structrured intervjues with people with problematic drug use was conducted. Theoretical starting points that was used for the analysis was Goldberg (2010)'s stamping theoretical model and Nakken (1999)'s abusing process theory. The result showed that the risk faktors that can be derived from family factors where being subjected to physical violence, to be the family scape goat or having phycisal or emotional absent parents. Social factors that were found to be risk factors was to be preschool/schools scapegoat, to be tranferred to the special class and to be placed outside the home by social services. The study also showed a correlation between problematic family relations and problematic social contacts.  The study shows that problematic family factors perceived as most significant for the development of problematic drug use.

No description available.

Introduction: The use of doping has become more normal outside of performance sports. People working out at the gym focus on creating a perfect body image. Social media shows us how we should look or eat to become more accepted by society. The female body image has changed over the years. Now it is more normal for women to have muscles but it is still important to remain their curves. Purpose: The purpose with this study is to get at deeper understanding how female weight lifters experience doping in their gym environment. We even look into how and if the body image affects women`s tolerance against doping. Methodology: The study uses a qualitative approach. Collection of data is done by personal and separate interviews. Results: The majority sees a connection between the female body image and the use of doping but thinks it is more common that young girl get affected. The participants have a negative attitude against doping and considers it as cheating. They mention that there is a fear of side effects. / Inledning: Användning av doping har blivit mer vanligt utanför elitidrotten Mycket kan handla  om att skapa en viss idealkropp. Sociala medier och likande visar upp bilder på hur kroppen ska vara byggd för att kunna bli accepterad i samhället. Den kvinnliga kroppsidealen har förändrat sig de senaste åren. Nu är det mer vanligt att kvinnor ska ha muskler men även bevara sina kurvor. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att få en djupare förståelse för den kvinnliga styrketränarens uppfattning och upplevelse av doping i vårt nuvarande samhälle. Studien undersöker enbart kvinnors syn och attityd mot doping i sin gymmiljö och hur de upplever att samhällets kroppsideal påverkar den. Metod: Studien använder sig av en kvalitativ forskningsmetod. Datainsamlingen sker via enskilda semistruktuerade intervjuer. Som hjälpmedel används det en intervjuguide. Resultat: De flesta deltagarna kan se en koppling mellan kroppsidealen och doping hos kvinnor men tror att det påverkar mer yngre tjejer. Deltagarna anser doping som fusk och har en negativ inställning mot det. Även en rädsla för biverkningar nämns.

Obesity, a common health condition in adolescence leading to severe medical complications, is assumed to be influenced by temperament factors. This paper investigates associations between reactive and regulative temperament, problematic eating behaviours, and excess weight. Several self-report instruments were completed by 130 adolescents (mean age 14.13 ± 0.61 years), including 27 overweight and obese individuals (20.8%). Bootstrap analysis revealed a mediating effect of restrained eating on the relation between reactive temperament and body mass index percentile, which differed according to gender: Restrained eating, which predicted weight gain, was more present in girls having a higher sensitivity to reward and in boys showing a higher sensitivity to punishment. No effect of regulative temperament was found. These results have important implications for weight management programs, as they suggest that reducing restrained eating by working on temperament may help to control weight.