Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-11T13:59:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Paulo Jose Silva da Fonseca.pdf: 695049 bytes, checksum: c59b2c97702f83a42291067b7d932096 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-23 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas / Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo compreender as vivências de prazer-sofrimento dos sujeitos que ocupam cargo de liderança em uma empresa do Pólo Industrial de Manaus, desvelando os mobilizadores de prazer, os agravantes do sofrimento e as estratégias defensivas identificadas neste contexto, visando propor intervenções que contribuam para a saúde deste líder-trabalhador. No plano metodológico a pesquisa se caracteriza como um estudo qualitativo, em consonância com a abordagem teórico-metodológica da Psicodinâmica do Trabalho, que privilegia a fala e a escuta dos participantes. Foram realizadas seis entrevistas coletivas, com um grupo de seis líderes de uma empresa do Pólo Industrial de Manaus, que foram convidados a participar voluntariamente e a falar livremente sobre os temas mobilizadores de cada encontro: prazer, sofrimento, estratégias defensivas, cooperação, reconhecimento, adoecimento, em convergência com as categorias teóricas da psicodinâmica. A partir da gravação e transcrição das entrevistas foi realizada a análise dos dados, à luz da Análise de Comparação Constante Grounded Theory, por considerá-la pertinente aos fundamentos, ao objeto e aos objetivos dessa pesquisa. Os resultados apresentaram que o prazer está relacionado a ajuda que o líder presta as pessoas, através da escuta de seus problemas, sendo considerado, por parte de seus subordinados, uma pessoa de referência, o que fortalece o ego do líder pelo reconhecimento, contribuindo para a construção de sua identidade como sujeito e dando sentido ao seu fazer. O sofrimento aparece pela falta de autonomia quando confrontado por seus subordinados pelos baixos salários praticados pela empresa, pela alta exigência de qualidade que a alta direção lhe impõe, pela falta de reconhecimento de seus superiores e pela não cooperação entre seus pares. No tocante as estratégias de enfrentamento, utilizadas de maneira consciente para reduzir o sofrimento, utilizam a divisão das atividades pelas quais são responsáveis, em pequenos problemas e se concentram em ações que não exijam tanto esforço de energia, evitando assim o confronto com os problemas que demandariam maior esforço. As estratégias defensivas identificadas foram a clivagem, a racionalização e a ambivalência, decorrente do sentimento de impotência frente às exigências e limitações que lhe são impostas pela organização do trabalho. Quanto à patologias do trabalho, identificaram-se sinais e sintomas das patologias ligadas a sobrecarga (estresse, pressão alta, dores de cabeça e nas costas-coluna) e sintomas depressivos

Fifteen adult women (mean age 34.5 years) participated in this exploratory study. The study aimed to identify commonalities in trichotillomania patients’ personality structure and psychological functioning. Relevant historical data were obtained, the Massachusetts General Hospital Hairpulling Scale was completed, and a Rorschach test in terms of the Comprehensive System was administered. The results point to an innate vulnerability in the sample’s personality structure that impedes their capacity for efficient problem-solving, decision-making, and coping behaviour. Other key findings include a distorted perception of themselves, a limited capacity for control and stress tolerance, difficulty in modulating and expressing emotions, the interference of primary process thinking in ideational activity, and the effects of these factors on their interpersonal relationships. Theoretical inferences are made about the probable aetiological roots of these findings. As the subjects’ level of functioning was unexpectedly high in the light of their deep-rooted pathology, the dynamic role and function of self-induced hair pulling as a symptom were considered. Suggestions are made to improve the treatment prognosis of the disorder. / Dissertation (MA (Clinical Psychology))--University of Pretoria, 2006. / Psychology / unrestricted

A case study approach was followed to determine the changes in the nature and use of affect of a sexually abused girl (age 9) while in psychotherapy. One outpatient was tested twice, one year apart, using the Rorschach Inkblot Method during the twenty-month period of psychotherapy. The two protocol results were compared for changes in the Affect cluster of Rorschach tested variables, according to Exner’s Comprehensive System. The results took into account the age of patient at the time of abuse, being at a preverbal age, and the psychotherapeutic process and content. Some of the results indicated similar dynamics to previous studies at the initial testing. The results further indicated a greater ability of the subject to use affective material; greater coping capacity; a greater awareness of negative internal affective material; and a less avoidant capacity to tolerate emotional content. Some regressive tendencies in the use of affect were explored in this case study. Potential reasons for the regressive tendency were discussed in light of the individual characteristics of the subject, the available research and theory, and the therapeutic content. / Dissertation (MA (Clinical Psychology))--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Psychology / unrestricted

The therapeutic relationship has been a cornerstone of the theory and practice of psychotherapy since it first emerged as a healing modality. Research has extensively reported on the therapeutic relationship and its role in the outcomes of psychotherapy. Despite the vast research on the therapeutic relationship, little qualitative exploration has focused on both patient and therapist lived experience. Using a hermeneutic phenomenological qualitative methodology, this study examined the lived experiences of both patients and therapists, within the same therapeutic relationship in a South African context. Three patients and three therapists (i.e. 3 patient-therapist dyads) were interviewed using in-depth semi-structured individual interviews (six interviews in total) to explore their experience of the relationship they developed during therapy, and the meanings that have been made of this. Through thematic analysis, using interpretation to deepen the analysis, several themes and subthemes were identified. Both patients’ and therapists’ lived experiences of the therapeutic relationship in psychodynamic psychotherapy clustered around three major and somewhat similar themes, with various sub-themes. Patients’ lived experiences of the therapeutic relationship centred around the following themes and sub-themes: therapist’s therapeutic approach (holding the patient in mind—knowing them; non-judgmental stance; providing an objective presence— perspective; and a consistent presence), facilitating therapeutic factors (mutuality; and therapist self-disclosure), and process within the relationship (describing the relationship—a lifeline; moment of meeting; change; and the relationship over time). Whilst therapist-participants’ experiences of the therapeutic relationship held somewhat similar themes with subtle differences, namely, patient qualities, facilitating therapeutic factors (holding and containing; theoretical orientation; use of technique; and supportive factors for therapists), and process within the relationship (describing the relationship—intimate yet formal; moment of meeting; change; and the relationship over time). Similarities and differences between patient and therapist experiences are examined that may influence the therapeutic relationship. Conclusions are discussed with a consideration of the limitations of the study as well as implications for future research, practice, and training. / Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2019. / Psychology / MA / Unrestricted

Inledning: Riskbruk av alkohol orsakar problem både för den enskilde, dennes omgivning samt är kopplat till ett flertal allvarliga sjukdomstillstånd. Tidiga interventioner kan förhindra en mer allvarlig beroendeutveckling. Forskning som berör psykoterapeuters erfarenhet av psykodynamisk terapi vid riskbruk är begränsad. Syftet med studien är att belysa terapeuters erfarenhet av riskbruk av alkohol i psykodynamisk terapi. Frågeställning: Hur upplever och beskriver psykoterapeuter psykodynamisk terapi med patienter som har ett riskbruk av alkohol? Metod: Fem legitimerade psykoterapeuter med erfarenhet inom området, valdes utifrån ett riktat bekvämlighetsurval. För att belysa terapeuters erfarenheter och upplevelser användes en kvalitativ metod. Studien har en induktiv ansats samt en semistrukturerad intervjuform med riktat öppna frågor. Intervjumaterialet har strukturerats och kategoriserats enligt tematisk analysmetod. Resultat: Tre huvudteman med dess underteman framkom i studien; 1. Den terapeutiska hållningen 2. Patienten; förutsättningar och hinder 3. Psykodynamisk terapi vid riskbruk. Diskussion: Informanterna belyste olika erfarenheter av interventioner vid riskbruk av alkohol. Dels vikten av att vara en aktiv psykoterapeut och ställa frågor kring alkoholkonsumtion, dels låta patienten själv lyfta sina problem i sin egen takt. Informanterna belyste både möjligheter och begränsningar med den psykodynamiska metoden vid riskbruk av alkohol. / Introduction: Risk use of alcohol causes problems for the individual, his enviroment, and is linked to a number of serious illnesses. Early interventions can prevent more serious dependency development. Research related to psychotherapists´experience of psychodynamic therapy in risk use of alcohol is limited. The purpose of the study is to elucidate therapists´experience of risk use of alcohol in psychodynamic therapy. Question: How do psychotherapists experience and describe psychodynamic therapy with patients who are at risk of alcohol use? Method: Five legitimate psychotherapists with experience in the field, were selected on the basis of a targeted convenience selection. To elucidate therapists´experiences and experiences, a qualitative method was used. The study has an inductive approach and a semi-structured interview form with directed open questions. The interview material has been structured and categorized according to the thematic analysis method. Results: Three main themes with their subthemes emerged in the study; 1. The therapeutic attitude 2. The patient; conditions and barriers 3. Psychodynamic therapy in risk use. Discussion: The informants highlighted different experiences of interventions in the use of alcohol at risk. On the one hand, the importance of being an active psychotherapist and asking questions about alcohol consumption, and on the other hand, let the patient himself raise his problems at his own pace. The informants highlighted both the possibilites and limitations of the psychodynamic method in the risk use of alcohol.

Inledning: Genom delad erfarenhet och igenkänning förmedlas en känsla av att inte vara ensam. Relationer påverkar vår hälsa, är vi inkluderade mår vi bra medan ofrivillig ensamhet påverkas oss negativt. Ensamhet är ett välkänt begrepp, men det saknas studier kring det psykodynamiskt orienterade psykoterapiarbetet med ofrivilligt ensamma patienter.  Syfte och frågeställningar: Studien syftar till att undersöka psykodynamiskt orienterade psykoterapeuters erfarenheter av arbete med ofrivilligt ensamma patienter. Hur beskriver psykodynamiskt orienterade psykoterapeuter arbetet med ofrivilligt ensamma patienter, vad är hjälpande och vad kan vara svårt är frågeställningen. Metod: Sju psykodynamiskt orienterade psykoterapeuter har intervjuats med hjälp av semistrukturerade intervjuer både enskilt och i form av fokusintervju. Bearbetning och analys av materialet gjordes med hjälp av tematisk analys. Resultat: Respondenterna beskrev att det var svårt att hjälpa de patienter som inte kunde eller ville förändras, vidare kunde det också vara så att just den enskilde psykoterapeuten inte var den bäst lämpad att kunna hjälpa. När det gick att hjälpa klarade patienten att integrera det relationella i terapiprocessen. Psykoterapeuten klarade då också av att låta sig beröras, stå ut och hålla gränser i terapirummet. Diskussion: Resultatet diskuteras utifrån svårigheter att etablera kontakt med den som inte själv tagit initiativ till kontakten, att lyckas få unga patienter att stanna kvar i terapin och att få grepp om de patienter som saknade intresse och förmåga att uttrycka sin ensamhet. För terapeuten kunde det vara tungt att bära patientens utsatthet och ibland var terapeuten inte rätt person att hjälpa. De patienter som gick att hjälpa klarade att använda terapirelationen som ett övningsobjekt och en modell för relation. Viktigt i arbetet för terapeuterna var att förstå sin egen ensamhet, låta sig beröras, hålla ramen, härbärgera och ta eget stöd i kollegor. Risker i arbetet var konsekvenser av att bryta ramen och att inte klara att härbärgera. / Introduction: Through shared experience and recognition, a feeling of being alone is conveyed. Relationships affect our health, included we feel good while involuntary loneliness affects us negatively. Loneliness is a well-known concept, but there are few studies on the psychodynamic oriented psychotherapy work with involuntarily lonely patients. Aim and questions: The study aims to investigate psychodynamic oriented psychotherapists' experiences of working with involuntarily lonely patients. How do psychodynamic oriented psychotherapists describe the work with involuntarily lonely patients, what is helpful and what can be difficult is the question. Method: Seven psychodynamic oriented psychotherapists have been interviewed with the help of semi-structured interviews both individually and in the form of a focus interview. Processing and analysis of the material was done using thematic analysis. Results: The respondents described that it was difficult to help the patients who could not or did not want to change, and it could also be the case that the individual psychotherapist was not the best person to be able to help. When it was possible to help, the patient was able to integrate the relational into the therapy process. The psychotherapist then also managed to allow himself to be touched, endure and keep boundaries in the therapy room. Discussion: The results are discussed on the basis of difficulties in establishing contact with those who have not taken the initiative themselves, in succeeding in getting young patients to stay in therapy and in gaining a grip on the patients who lacked interest and ability to express their loneliness. For the therapist, it could be difficult to bear the patient's vulnerability and sometimes the therapist was not the right person to help. The patients who went to help were able to use the therapy relationship as an exercise object and a model for relationship. Important in the work for the therapists was to understand their own loneliness, let themselves be touched, keep the frame, contain and take their own support in colleagues. Risks in the work were consequences of breaking the framework and not being able to contain.

No description available.

Discourses on trauma in the South African Police Service (SAPS) focus primarily on the experience of traumatic events as the primary reason for the emotional difficulties that members experience. This study questions this dominant discourse and examines additional discourses that may contribute to a deeper understanding of the dynamics of trauma in the SAPS. The research entailed a qualitative analysis of 15 essays written by members of the SAPS, with the aim of exploring alternative discourses on the experience of trauma by police officers. The participants included fifteen male, officers from three units in the Gauteng region. The data were analysed within a psychodynamic frame, and findings suggest that police officers’ reactions to trauma are significantly influenced by factors other than mere exposure to traumatic events. The history of psychological trauma indicates that constructions of traumatic stress are strongly connected with cultural, social and political circumstances. Current psychodynamic thinking emphasises the meaning of the real traumatic occurrence, which causes trauma by changing a person’s experience of the self in relation to selfobjects. The research results suggest that the sociohistorical circumstances in South Africa, the transformation effected in the police service, and political and structural uncertainty play an important role in contributing to an overwhelming sense of loss and uncertainty. Perceived losses include the loss of the supportive police subculture, loss of meaning in their work, loss of a sense of masculinity as well as loss of a sense of competence and agency. Findings further reveal that officers’ experience a sense of being overwhelmed, powerless and helpless in the face of these historical and organisational changes. These feelings generate significant anxiety and impact negatively on officers’ self-esteem. Feelings of omnipotence and invulnerability, which are necessary for effective coping in the policing environment, are negatively affected. Furthermore, without the existence of a supportive social group, this anxiety becomes uncontained and unmanageable. / Thesis (PhD (Psychotherapy))--University of Pretoria, 2004. / Psychology / PhD / unrestricted

Inledning: Den intersubjektiva relation som uppstår i terapirummet har beskrivits som en faktor för förändring. Terapeut och patient befinner sig i en relation där samspelet påverkar dem båda och skapar ny förståelse - för dem båda. Syftet var att undersöka psykodynamiska psykoterapeuters erfarenheter av att samtala med patienter om terapirelationen utifrån ett här-och-nu-perspektiv. Frågeställningar: Hur ser psykoterapeuters erfarenheter av samtal om relationen i terapirummet ut?  Vilka aspekter beskrivs som betydelsefulla för psykoterapeuter då patient - terapeutrelationen fokuseras? Metod: Semistrukturerade intervjuer med fem psykoterapeuter. Vid analysen användes tematisk metod. Resultat: Att vara i relation med patienter innebar erfarenheter av att visa sig, hitta sin stil samt klä relationen i ord. Samtalet om den ömsesidiga relationen beskrevs som en utmaning. Att hitta en rytm tillsammans med patienten och att växla mellan positionerna deltagande och observerande terapeut framhölls som viktigt. Det relationella samspelet gav upphov till unika möten och en förundran över både människans och samspelets komplexitet. Diskussion: Det fanns en vilja att dela med sig av sig själv, samtidigt som svårigheter uppstod. Möjligheterna med relationellt arbete övervägde riskerna, men det beskrevs som krävande. Professionell och relationell trovärdighet framkom som betydelsefulla aspekter för deltagarna då patient - terapeutrelationen fokuserades. / Introduction: The intersubjective relationship in the therapy room has been described as a factor for change. Therapist – patient interplay creates new understanding for both of them. The purpose was to explore psychodynamic psychotherapists' experiences of talking with patients about the therapeutic relationship from a here and now - perspective. Questions: What do psychotherapists´ experiences of relational work in therapy look like? What aspects are described as important for psychotherapists when focusing on the patient - therapist relationship? Method: Semistructured interviews with five psychotherapists. Thematic method was used when analyzing the material. Results: Relational work meant experiences of self-disclosure, discovering therapeutic style and describing the relationship in words. Conversation about the mutual relationship was described as challenging. Finding a mutual rythm with the patient and altering between participatory and observational therapist positions was emphasized as important. Relational work led to unique encounters and a chance to marvel at human and interplay complexity. Discussion: There was a willingness to share in relation with the patient, but difficulties arose. Possibilities of relational work outweighed risks, and it was described as demanding. Professional and relational credibility emerged as important aspects for the participants when focusing on the patient - therapist relationship.

No description available.