Des études récentes confirment que la violence au travail dans le secteur de la santé est universelle, malgré certaines différences locales, et qu’elle impacte aussi bien les hommes que les femmes, (Di Martino, 2002). Cette recherche, s’attache à décrire les perceptions de la violence et de la souffrance chez ces professionnels de santé, à travers l’évaluation de la perception des risques psychosociaux, par les infirmiers et ce, dans les services des urgences, et d’hospitalisation à Tunis.Il s’agit de souffrances délétères multiples, qui se teintent du stress, et du burn out, s’alimentent de l’anxiété, s’amplifient par un système organisationnel défaillant et une qualité relationnelle inconsistante Il s’agit d’une étude, descriptive, transversale, prospective, portant sur une population d’infirmiers, exerçant dans trois hôpitaux répartis sur des services d’urgence et des services d’hospitalisation. L’étude est divisée, en parties ; exploratoire, quantitative et qualitative. Le cadre de référence général, étant l’approche systémique, notamment par Brondenfenbrenner (1979), ainsi que ; dans le domaine de l’organisation, par Mintzberg et en communication par l’école Palo Alto…, associée, essentiellement, à L’approche transactionnelle, sur le stress et le coping ; ainsi que l’approche humaniste en sciences infirmières (en matière de la relation soignant-soigné). / Recent studies, confirm that workplace violence in the health sector is universal, despite some local differences. It affects both men and women. (Di Martino, 2002). This research attempts to describe the perceptions of violence and suffering within these health professionals through the evaluation of perception of psychosocial risks by nurses in the emergency and hospitalization departments in the governorate of Tunis. It is about multiple deleterious sufferings, which are tinged with stress, and burn out. Fed with anxiety, and amplified by a faulty organizational system, and an inconsistent relational quality. It is a descriptive cross-sectional prospective study of a nursing population working in three hospitals distributed over emergency and hospitalization departments. The study isdivided into exploratory, quantitative and qualitative parts. The general frame of reference, being the systemic approach, notably by Brondenfenbrenner (1979), as well as; in the field of organization, by Mintzberg, and in communication, by the school Palo Alto ..., associated essentially with the transactional approach, on stress and coping as well as the humanistic approach to nursing (Healer-healed relationship).

O fator emergente transformado num problema global é o risco psicossocial do trabalho (RPT), por ter impacto maior nos profissionais da saúde, que por sua natureza, seriam mais vulneráveis, afetando quanto na saúde tanto em desempenho trabalhista. Sua importância, deve-se ao fato de serem menos tangíveis, de fato mais difícil de gerir e prevenir mediante abordagem proativa direcionadas ao origem, junto à sensibilização até políticas da gestão dos riscos. A pesquisa teve como objetivo comparar ocorrência de intervenções para prevenir RPT de profissionais da saúde no Brasil e no Perú. Fez-se revisão sistemática com base no scoping study nas bases PubMed, EBSCO-Host, BioMed Central, Embase, CINAHL, Lilacs, Cochrane Register of Trials, Web of Science e arquivo adicional da Ibict (Brasil) e da Concytec (Perú). Identificaram-se 2.466 estudos, restando 19, após a análise. A intervenção preventiva detectada como privilegiado e de maior utilidade, tem abrangência no treinamento, mas para dimensões intrínsecas à mudanças de comportamentos complexos, cujos assuntos foram: aperfeiçoamento do diálogo da equipe na gestão de conflitos; melhora de interação na prática profissional. Intervenções de sucesso foram, formatos interativos didáticos e mistas ou workshops inserindo compromisso de chefes e funcionários da saúde, acima de três semanas, para promoção de tarefas de prática profissional; ao redor de seis meses, para tarefas problemáticas na saúde, desenvolvimento de liderança na gestão educacional e trabalho colaborativo. Implicações para cultura preventiva nos estabelecimentos da saúde, precisa-se agir nas intervenções e planos de pesquisa, para o desenvolvimento e promoção de relações trabalhistas preconizadas e transparentes. / The emerging factor turned into a global problem is the psychosocial risk at work (PRW), and has an impact especially on health professionals, who by their nature affect work performance. In addition, they are less tangible and difficult to manage, and to be prevented through proactive, source-oriented models, ranging from sensitization interventions to risk management policies. The objective was to compare the presence of interventions to prevent PRW in health professionals in Brazil and Peru. A systematic review based on scoping study was developed, 2,466 studies were identified, leaving 19, post analysis. Preventive interventions (PI) with greater presence and usefulness are teaching-training, limited to changes in complex behaviors oriented to team communication development, conflict management and professional interaction improvements. The appropriate PI to promote tasks of professional practice in health are the mixed, didactic and interactive protocols with a minimum duration of three weeks, always with the participation of officials and workers; on the other hand, were about six months, for preventive tasks in health problems, leadership development in management and teamwork. In order to establish a preventive culture in health establishments, it is still necessary to develop PI on recommended and transparent labor relations, and research with controlled designs. / El factor emergente convertido en problema global es el risco psicosocial en el trabajo (RPT), y tiene impacto especialmente en profesionales de la salud, que por su naturaleza afectan el desempeño laboral. Además, resultan menos tangibles y difícil de gerenciar, y de prevenir a través de modelos proactivos orientados al origen, que abarcan desde las intervenciones de sensibilización hasta las de políticas de gestión de riscos. El objetivo fue comparar la presencia de intervenciones para prevenir RPT en profesionales de la salud en Brasil y Perú. Desarrollándose una revisión sistemática basada en scoping study en las siguientes bases de datos: PubMed, EBSCO-Host, BioMed Central, Embase, CINAHL, Lilacs, Cochrane Register of Trials, Web of Science, y adicionalmente en IBICT (Brasil) y CONCYTEC (Perú). Se identificaron 2,466 estudios y quedando 19, pos análisis. Las intervenciones preventivas (IP) con mayor presencia y utilidad son la capacitación-entrenamiento, circunscritas a cambios de comportamientos complejos orientados al desarrollo comunicacional en equipo, a la gestión de conflictos y a mejoras de interacción profesional. Las IP adecuadas para promover tareas de la práctica profesional en salud, son los protocolos mixtos, didácticos e interactivos o de workshops con duración mínima de tres semanas, siempre con participación de funcionarios y trabajadores; en cambio, fueron alrededor de seis meses, para tareas preventivas en problemas de salud, el desarrollo del liderazgo en gestión y trabajo en equipo. Para establecer cultura preventiva en establecimientos de salud, queda pendiente desarrollar IP sobre relaciones laborales preconizadas y transparentes, y de investigaciones con diseños controlados.

Cette recherche porte sur les déterminants et les effets des facteurs psychosociaux sur la santé au travail d’enseignants des collèges de la région de Tunis. Il s’agit d’identifier les facteurs environnementaux, organisationnels et relationnels dans la vie au travail qui contribuent au stress des enseignants. Notre intérêt porte particulièrement sur les dimensions liées au climat de l’organisation, à la qualité des situations de travail perçues, aux valeurs professionnelles et leur contribution dans la genèse du stress au travail et sur la qualité de la vie au travail.Les résultats rendent comptent d’un climat organisationnel dominant de type Règles dans les collèges reflétant un fonctionnement fondé sur la conformité aux règles et aux normes explicites. Outre ces résultats, nous avons analysé les sources du stress au travail chez les enseignants des collèges et identifié les situations de travail susceptibles de générer du stress.Les analyses indiquent que de fortes charges de travail associées à un faible sentiment de contrôle sont sources de tension. Le manque du soutien social accentue la tension ressentie au travail et entraîne l’épuisement.Les analyses de correspondances multiples et de classification hiérarchique ascendante ont permis de dresser différents profils d’enseignants. Conjointement, une enquête qualitative auprès de 34 enseignants a apporté des approfondissements et a corroboré les données quantitatives. / This research focuses on the determinants and effects of psychosocial factors on the health of secondary school teachers in the Tunis region. It involves identifying environmental, organizational and relational factors in working life which contribute to stress among teachers. Our research focuses on aspects related to the organizational climate, perceived quality of work situations, professional values and on how they contribute to work-related stress and affect the quality of life in the workplace.The results point to a predominantly rules-based organizational climate in secondary schools, reflecting a method of operation based on compliance with clear rules and standards. In addition to these results, we have analyzed sources of work-related stress among teachers and identified work situations that are likely to generate stress. The analyses indicate that high workloads associated with a low sense of control are sources of tension. The lack of social support increases work-related tension and causes burn-out.Multiple correspondence and ascending hierarchical analysis have helped to establish various teacher profiles. Similarly, a qualitative survey of 34 teachers resulted in a better understanding of the quantitative data that were corroborated

O fator emergente transformado num problema global é o risco psicossocial do trabalho (RPT), por ter impacto maior nos profissionais da saúde, que por sua natureza, seriam mais vulneráveis, afetando quanto na saúde tanto em desempenho trabalhista. Sua importância, deve-se ao fato de serem menos tangíveis, de fato mais difícil de gerir e prevenir mediante abordagem proativa direcionadas ao origem, junto à sensibilização até políticas da gestão dos riscos. A pesquisa teve como objetivo comparar ocorrência de intervenções para prevenir RPT de profissionais da saúde no Brasil e no Perú. Fez-se revisão sistemática com base no scoping study nas bases PubMed, EBSCO-Host, BioMed Central, Embase, CINAHL, Lilacs, Cochrane Register of Trials, Web of Science e arquivo adicional da Ibict (Brasil) e da Concytec (Perú). Identificaram-se 2.466 estudos, restando 19, após a análise. A intervenção preventiva detectada como privilegiado e de maior utilidade, tem abrangência no treinamento, mas para dimensões intrínsecas à mudanças de comportamentos complexos, cujos assuntos foram: aperfeiçoamento do diálogo da equipe na gestão de conflitos; melhora de interação na prática profissional. Intervenções de sucesso foram, formatos interativos didáticos e mistas ou workshops inserindo compromisso de chefes e funcionários da saúde, acima de três semanas, para promoção de tarefas de prática profissional; ao redor de seis meses, para tarefas problemáticas na saúde, desenvolvimento de liderança na gestão educacional e trabalho colaborativo. Implicações para cultura preventiva nos estabelecimentos da saúde, precisa-se agir nas intervenções e planos de pesquisa, para o desenvolvimento e promoção de relações trabalhistas preconizadas e transparentes. / The emerging factor turned into a global problem is the psychosocial risk at work (PRW), and has an impact especially on health professionals, who by their nature affect work performance. In addition, they are less tangible and difficult to manage, and to be prevented through proactive, source-oriented models, ranging from sensitization interventions to risk management policies. The objective was to compare the presence of interventions to prevent PRW in health professionals in Brazil and Peru. A systematic review based on scoping study was developed, 2,466 studies were identified, leaving 19, post analysis. Preventive interventions (PI) with greater presence and usefulness are teaching-training, limited to changes in complex behaviors oriented to team communication development, conflict management and professional interaction improvements. The appropriate PI to promote tasks of professional practice in health are the mixed, didactic and interactive protocols with a minimum duration of three weeks, always with the participation of officials and workers; on the other hand, were about six months, for preventive tasks in health problems, leadership development in management and teamwork. In order to establish a preventive culture in health establishments, it is still necessary to develop PI on recommended and transparent labor relations, and research with controlled designs. / El factor emergente convertido en problema global es el risco psicosocial en el trabajo (RPT), y tiene impacto especialmente en profesionales de la salud, que por su naturaleza afectan el desempeño laboral. Además, resultan menos tangibles y difícil de gerenciar, y de prevenir a través de modelos proactivos orientados al origen, que abarcan desde las intervenciones de sensibilización hasta las de políticas de gestión de riscos. El objetivo fue comparar la presencia de intervenciones para prevenir RPT en profesionales de la salud en Brasil y Perú. Desarrollándose una revisión sistemática basada en scoping study en las siguientes bases de datos: PubMed, EBSCO-Host, BioMed Central, Embase, CINAHL, Lilacs, Cochrane Register of Trials, Web of Science, y adicionalmente en IBICT (Brasil) y CONCYTEC (Perú). Se identificaron 2,466 estudios y quedando 19, pos análisis. Las intervenciones preventivas (IP) con mayor presencia y utilidad son la capacitación-entrenamiento, circunscritas a cambios de comportamientos complejos orientados al desarrollo comunicacional en equipo, a la gestión de conflictos y a mejoras de interacción profesional. Las IP adecuadas para promover tareas de la práctica profesional en salud, son los protocolos mixtos, didácticos e interactivos o de workshops con duración mínima de tres semanas, siempre con participación de funcionarios y trabajadores; en cambio, fueron alrededor de seis meses, para tareas preventivas en problemas de salud, el desarrollo del liderazgo en gestión y trabajo en equipo. Para establecer cultura preventiva en establecimientos de salud, queda pendiente desarrollar IP sobre relaciones laborales preconizadas y transparentes, y de investigaciones con diseños controlados.

O fator emergente transformado num problema global é o risco psicossocial do trabalho (RPT), por ter impacto maior nos profissionais da saúde, que por sua natureza, seriam mais vulneráveis, afetando quanto na saúde tanto em desempenho trabalhista. Sua importância, deve-se ao fato de serem menos tangíveis, de fato mais difícil de gerir e prevenir mediante abordagem proativa direcionadas ao origem, junto à sensibilização até políticas da gestão dos riscos. A pesquisa teve como objetivo comparar ocorrência de intervenções para prevenir RPT de profissionais da saúde no Brasil e no Perú. Fez-se revisão sistemática com base no scoping study nas bases PubMed, EBSCO-Host, BioMed Central, Embase, CINAHL, Lilacs, Cochrane Register of Trials, Web of Science e arquivo adicional da Ibict (Brasil) e da Concytec (Perú). Identificaram-se 2.466 estudos, restando 19, após a análise. A intervenção preventiva detectada como privilegiado e de maior utilidade, tem abrangência no treinamento, mas para dimensões intrínsecas à mudanças de comportamentos complexos, cujos assuntos foram: aperfeiçoamento do diálogo da equipe na gestão de conflitos; melhora de interação na prática profissional. Intervenções de sucesso foram, formatos interativos didáticos e mistas ou workshops inserindo compromisso de chefes e funcionários da saúde, acima de três semanas, para promoção de tarefas de prática profissional; ao redor de seis meses, para tarefas problemáticas na saúde, desenvolvimento de liderança na gestão educacional e trabalho colaborativo. Implicações para cultura preventiva nos estabelecimentos da saúde, precisa-se agir nas intervenções e planos de pesquisa, para o desenvolvimento e promoção de relações trabalhistas preconizadas e transparentes. / The emerging factor turned into a global problem is the psychosocial risk at work (PRW), and has an impact especially on health professionals, who by their nature affect work performance. In addition, they are less tangible and difficult to manage, and to be prevented through proactive, source-oriented models, ranging from sensitization interventions to risk management policies. The objective was to compare the presence of interventions to prevent PRW in health professionals in Brazil and Peru. A systematic review based on scoping study was developed, 2,466 studies were identified, leaving 19, post analysis. Preventive interventions (PI) with greater presence and usefulness are teaching-training, limited to changes in complex behaviors oriented to team communication development, conflict management and professional interaction improvements. The appropriate PI to promote tasks of professional practice in health are the mixed, didactic and interactive protocols with a minimum duration of three weeks, always with the participation of officials and workers; on the other hand, were about six months, for preventive tasks in health problems, leadership development in management and teamwork. In order to establish a preventive culture in health establishments, it is still necessary to develop PI on recommended and transparent labor relations, and research with controlled designs. / El factor emergente convertido en problema global es el risco psicosocial en el trabajo (RPT), y tiene impacto especialmente en profesionales de la salud, que por su naturaleza afectan el desempeño laboral. Además, resultan menos tangibles y difícil de gerenciar, y de prevenir a través de modelos proactivos orientados al origen, que abarcan desde las intervenciones de sensibilización hasta las de políticas de gestión de riscos. El objetivo fue comparar la presencia de intervenciones para prevenir RPT en profesionales de la salud en Brasil y Perú. Desarrollándose una revisión sistemática basada en scoping study en las siguientes bases de datos: PubMed, EBSCO-Host, BioMed Central, Embase, CINAHL, Lilacs, Cochrane Register of Trials, Web of Science, y adicionalmente en IBICT (Brasil) y CONCYTEC (Perú). Se identificaron 2,466 estudios y quedando 19, pos análisis. Las intervenciones preventivas (IP) con mayor presencia y utilidad son la capacitación-entrenamiento, circunscritas a cambios de comportamientos complejos orientados al desarrollo comunicacional en equipo, a la gestión de conflictos y a mejoras de interacción profesional. Las IP adecuadas para promover tareas de la práctica profesional en salud, son los protocolos mixtos, didácticos e interactivos o de workshops con duración mínima de tres semanas, siempre con participación de funcionarios y trabajadores; en cambio, fueron alrededor de seis meses, para tareas preventivas en problemas de salud, el desarrollo del liderazgo en gestión y trabajo en equipo. Para establecer cultura preventiva en establecimientos de salud, queda pendiente desarrollar IP sobre relaciones laborales preconizadas y transparentes, y de investigaciones con diseños controlados.

Les risques psychosociaux (RPS) sont devenus en France une préoccupation majeure pour la société par leurs enjeux en termes de santé publique, de coûts pour les entreprises et les travailleurs. Les ministères du Travail et de la Santé se sont emparés de ces enjeux à la fin des années 2000 en suscitant enquêtes, collectes de données et travaux scientifiques. Malgré le développement de la connaissance sur les RPS et leurs conséquences, l’intégration de ces nouveaux risques dans les politiques publiques et managériales est encore très modeste.A travers une analyse économique, institutionnelle et empirique, l’objectif principal de cette thèse est de contribuer à une meilleure connaissance des conséquences de l’exposition aux RPS pour l’individu et pour l’entreprise, et d’analyser le rôle des instances de prévention actuelles dans la réduction des niveaux de RPS perçus et dans la préservation de la santé des travailleurs. Les différentes analyses empiriques réalisées révèlent que l’exposition des travailleurs aux RPS conduit à une dégradation de leur santé mentale, à davantage d’absence-maladie et de présentéisme. Il semble donc nécessaire de mettre en place des actions de prévention visant à limiter ces conséquences néfastes. Une analyse institutionnelle et économique du cadre de prévention français établit le rôle important du Comité d’Hygiène, de Sécurité et des Conditions de Travail (CHSCT) malgré les moyens d’action limités dont l’instance dispose. / In France, psychosocial risks (PSR) became a major concern for society by their stakes in termsof public health, costs for companies and workers. In the late 2000s, the Ministries of Labor and Health took up these challenges by initiating surveys, data collection and scientific works. Despite the development of knowledge about PSR and its consequences, the integration of these new risks into public and managerial policies is still very modest.Through an economic, institutional and empirical analysis, the main objective of this thesis is to contribute to a better knowledge of the consequences of PSR’ exposure for individual and for company, and to analyze the role of prevention authorities to reduce the perceived levels of PSR and preserving the workers’ health. The empirical analyzes carried out reveal that workers' exposure to PSR leads to a degradation of their mental health, more sick leave and presenteeism at work. It therefore seems necessary to put in place prevention measures to limit these harmful consequences. An institutional and economic analysis of the French prevention framework establishes the important role of the Health, Safety and Working Conditions Committee (CHSCT) in spite of the limited means of action available.

L’objectif de ce travail est de questionner l’œuvre de l’écrivain français Georges Bataille (1897-1962) pour déterminer si elle permet ou non d’apporter de nouveaux points de vue ou de nouvelles voies de résolution des problèmes posés en sciences de gestion. Les textes sollicités sont d’abord les essais théoriques, mais aussi certaines œuvres de fiction. Ceux qui sont à l’origine de la notion de « dépense », centrale pour l’ensemble de l’œuvre, les articles correspondant aux diverses activités groupales dans les années 1930, les essais de La Somme Athéologique pendant la guerre et ceux de La Part maudite après-guerre sont examinés. On montre alors que les « notions » que ces textes mettent en jeu, qui témoignent d’une anthropologie déchirée (dépense productive / dépense improductive, homogène / hétérogène, souveraineté, communication, interdit / transgression, possible / impossible…), peuvent ouvrir des pistes de recherche dans de nombreux thèmes de sciences de gestion : le pouvoir, la culture d’entreprise, la criminalité dans les organisations, le changement organisationnel, le sens du travail, l’éthique, l’épistémologie, les rapports entre le management et les sociétés, la sexualité dans les organisations…Trois notions de Bataille (dépense, souveraineté, communication) sont ensuite sollicitées pour analyser en détail les problèmes posés par la « gestion » des risques psychosociaux. Huit cas d’organisations servent de support à l’analyse.Au final, la thèse conclut à la pertinence du recours à la pensée de Bataille pour conduire des recherches en management. / The goal of this thesis is to question the work of the French author Georges Bataille (1897-1962) to determine whether it can bring new points of view or new attempts at solving the issues raised by management sciences. The texts which were studied are primarily theoretical essays, but also some works of fiction. Those which are at the origin of the notion of “expense”, a central notion in the entire work, the articles which correspond to various group activities in the 30’s, the essays of La Somme Athéologique during the war, as well as those of La Part maudite, after the war, were also examined. We then show that the “notions” these texts illustrate, which reflect a torn anthropology (productive/unproductive expense, homogenous/heterogenous, sovereignty, communication, interdiction/transgression, possible/impossible…), can open fields of research in numerous topics associated with management sciences: power, corporate culture, crime within organisations, organisational changes, the meaning of work, ethics, epistemology, the relationship between management and societies, sexuality in organisations…Three of Bataille’s notions (expense, sovereignty, communication) are then called upon to analyse in detail the problems raised when managing psychosocial risks. Eight case studies of organisations back up the demonstration.Finally, the thesis concludes that it is pertinent to refer to Bataille’s thinking when conducting management research.

Le caractère subjectif des risques psychosociaux rend difficile leur appréhension juridique alors même que l’employeur a l’obligation de préserver la santé physique et mentale des salariés. L’ensemble des acteurs internes et externes à l’entreprise participent à l’appréhension et à la compréhension de ces risques : employeur, salariés,représentants du personnel, médecin du travail. Leur prise en compte a été largement suscitée par la lutte contre le harcèlement et le stress au travail. Elle est devenue un objet de négociation collective, une source de responsabilité, pour l’employeur et le salarié, un thème de débat sur le terrain sensible de la qualification constatée des troubles d’accident du travail ou de maladie professionnelle. Elle est aujourd’hui l’un des éléments constitutifs de l’amélioration des conditions de travail au travers du bien-être et de la qualité de vie au travail. / The legal obligation for any employer to preserve both the physical and mental health of their employees is complicated by the inner subjectivity of psychosocial risks, making their juridical analysis difficult. The actors interacting with or within any company contribute to a better understanding of those risks : the employer, employees, trade unions, and occupational doctor. Combatting harassment and burn-outs at work helped better consider psychosocial risks. They have become a real topic for collective bargaining as they imply for both the employer and the employees to take responsibility with regards to the nature of specific work accidents or professional illnesses. It stands today as a key element for theim provement of work conditions through an increase in well-being and a higher quality of life at work.

Cette thèse explore les processus soutenant l’action des encadrants en santé au travail. Nous avons utilisé nos terrains d’interventions professionnels auprès d’encadrants d’équipes pour questionner les processus soutenant l’action des encadrants en santé au travail. Une première étude questionne les impasses de la notion de risques psychosociaux pour envisager l’action des encadrants en santé au travail. Puis, une deuxième étude a permis d’interroger l’opérationnalité du concept psychologique du métier et sa dynamique par la discussion du travail avant de tester différents espaces de discussion lors d’une recherche action dans un Etablissement d’Hébergement pour Personnes Agées Dépendantes (EHPAD). L’analyse des résultats de cette troisième étude a fait émerger les résistances à la discussion. Celle-ci nécessite un apprentissage individuel, collectif et organisationnel à la discussion du travail auprès des encadrants, des équipes et des acteurs impliqués en santé au travail (direction, professionnels en santé au travail, partenaires sociaux). Sur la base de ces résultats, nous définissons les conditions que les espaces de discussion, animés par les encadrants, doivent réunir pour développer la santé des équipes. / This thesis explores the processes supporting the action of managers and supervisors on occupational health. We used our experiences of professional interventions with team supervisors to question this issue. A first study questions the impasses of the concept of psychosocial risks to consider the action of managers on occupational health of the team members. Then, a second study investigates the operational concept of the psychological dynamics of the job related to discussion about work. For the third study, we test different management devices through discussion using a research-action methodology in an establishment for elderly dependents (EHPAD). Analysis of the results of this third study brings out the resistance to discussion. This requires individual learning, collective and organizational work for discussion with supervisors, teams and stakeholders involved in health at work (management, health professionals at work, social partners). Based on these results, we define the requirements for discussion spaces and the role of supervisors in order to develop psychological health of team members.

La présente recherche étudie le rôle de la reconnaissance comme ressource et levier pour la construction de la santé et le développement des capacités des employés. Elle analyse également la place des ressources individuelles, collectives et organisationnelles dans le cadre des démarches de prévention des risques psychosociaux au travail et la contribution de la reconnaissance dans le processus de construction de la santé au travail. Dans le cadre de cette thèse nous avons analysé 16 démarches de prévention des risques psychosociaux, ainsi que des documents significatifs par rapport à notre problématique. Nous avons également réalisé 147 entretiens individuels et trois entretiens collectifs. Les résultats ont mis en évidence le fait que la reconnaissance joue un rôle important pour la santé et que les pratiques de reconnaissance doivent se matérialiser en lien avec quatre sources : l’institution, le collectif, l’activité de travail et l’autrui significatif. De plus, nos résultats ont mis en évidence une tridimensionnalité du concept de reconnaissance. Ainsi, cette thèse apporte une contribution théorique et pratique sur le thème de la reconnaissance au travail. Elle permet de préciser le cadre conceptuel et méthodologique à mobiliser pour analyser la reconnaissance et mettre en place de pratiques qui favorisent la santé. / This research studies the role of recognition as a resource for health enhancement and for employees’ capability development. Furthermore, it analyses the role of individual, collective and organizational resources in preventing psychosocial risks in the workplace. This research discusses also the contribution of recognition in the process of occupational health enhancement. In the first study we analysed 16 programs of psychosocial risks prevention as well as important documents for this issue. For the second and the third study we interviewed 147 persons individually, and we conducted three focus group interviews. The results have shown that recognition plays an important role for health and that recognition practices must come from four sources: the organization, the work team, the work activity and the “significant others”. Our results have also shown that the concept of recognition has three main dimensions. Therefore, this research makes a theoretical and practical contribution to the issue of recognition in the workplace. It helps clarifying the conceptual and methodological framework needed to analyse recognition and implement actions that protect, enhance and promote employees’ health.