The importance of the remand decision cannot be overstated as by definition it deals with, in the main, legally innocent people. On the one hand, a remand in custody can adversely affect the defendants private life and preparation for trial and may result in an increased likelihood of conviction and receiving a custodial sentence and, on the other, a remand on bail may result in further offences being committed. This study is a comprehensive analysis of the remand process in magistrates' courts in England and Wales as it operated in the early 1990s. The thesis provides an extensive analysis of the law relating to bail as well as a detailed picture of its operation in three South Wales magistrates' courts through the use of four data collection methods (observations of remand hearings, an examination of court registers and questionnaires and follow-up interviews with participants). Both national statistics and previous research studies are used to assess the impact of changes which have been made both to the law and policy on bail The findings of the research suggest that the law and policy relating to remand and the operation of the remand process have conflicting aims. However, the dominant principles of its operation are those of crime control. The findings also suggest that the majority of remand decisions are not judicial decisions but are taken executively by other participants in the process (predominantly the prosecution). However, these executive decisions are tempered by the culture of the court in which the participant operates and it is this that explains the variation in court practice and decision making found in the study. The focus of concern of participants was the inconsistent and inappropriate application of the law on bail which they perceived to be a product of the system of lay magistrates. On the whole, they were uncritical of the law on bail. This was exemplified by the problem of offending on bail which many participants believed could be tackled under the existing exception to the right to bail of 'risk of further offences' rather than requiring a change in the law.

No description available.

In Canada, bail supervision programs were developed, in partnership with community-based organizations, to promote bail compliance and provide supervision to accused persons who would otherwise have been detained in remand custody. While many of these programs use traditional risk assessment tools to guide supervision, limited research has been conducted on their effectiveness in the bail supervision context. Adopting a quantitative as well as qualitative methodology, this study uses a representative sample of 100 supervision clients from one Ontario bail program to examine the validity of its risk tool – Service Planning Instrument™ (SPIn) Pre-Screen – as well as demographic and criminal justice factors, in predicting bail supervision outcomes. Analyses suggest that SPIn lacks predictive validity in the bail supervision setting. These findings are discussed within the broader context of net widening, as well as the greater bail/remand crisis and the culture of risk aversion that pervades the Canadian criminal justice system.

Darbo tikslas: Įvertinti asmenų, sulaikytų tardymo izoliatoriuose, alkoholio vartojimo įpročius bei jų sąsajas su depresiškumu, vertybinėmis nuostatomis ir polinkiu į delinkventinį elgesį. Tyrimo metodika: Tyrime dalyvavo Lietuvos tardymo izoliatoriuose sulaikyti asmenys nuo 14 metų. Respondentams buvo pateikta anoniminė anketa, kurią sudarė 101 uždaras klausimas ir 6 atviri klausimai. Pagrindinės klausimų grupės buvo: socialiniai ir demografiniai respondentų duomenys, alkoholio vartojimo įpročiai, požiūris į alkoholio vartojimą, fizinės ir psichinės sveikatos vertinimas. Buvo išdalinta 688 anketos, anketas grąžino 607 respondentai (atsako dažnis 88,2 proc.). Statistinė analizė atlikta naudojant SPSS statistinį paketą (17.0 versija). Hipotezėms, kad požymiai tarpusavyje susiję, tikrinti skaičiuotas chi kvadrato (χ2) kriterijus. Rezultatai: Daugiausiai tyrime dalyvavusių respondentų mano, jog vartoja mažiau alkoholio nei kiti Lietuvos gyventojai (43,3 proc.), 8,6 proc. mano, jog vartoja daugiau nei kiti Lietuvos gyventojai. Alkoholio vartojimas statistiškai reikšmingai priklausė nuo to, kada pirmą kartą respondentai pavartojo alkoholio. 24,1 proc. respondentų riboti alkoholį paskatintų didesnės išlaidos alkoholiui. Alkoholio vartojimo dažnumas buvo susijęs su amžiumi. Vyresni asmenys rečiau vartodavo alkoholį nei jaunesni. 33,8 proc. respondentų atsakė, jog išgeria 1-2 standartinius alkoholio vienetus per tipišką dieną, kai geria. Tyrimas parodė, jog alkoholis yra... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The aim of the work: To evaluate the persons detained on remand, drinking habits and their relationships to depression, values and susceptibility to delinquent behavior. Research methods: The study included Lithuania remand detention of persons aged 14 or over. The respondents were given an anonymous questionnaire, which consisted of 101 closed questions and 6 open questions. We aimed to determine respondent‘s sociodemographic characteristics, drinking habits, attitudes towards alcohol use as well as physical and mental health. Questionaires were distributed, out of these 607 were recognized as suitable for analysis, hence response rate 88.2%. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS statistical package (version 17.0). Chi-square (χ2) criteria was used to check the hypothesis that the above mentioned features are related. Results: The great majority of respondents who took place in the survey belive that they use less alcohol than general lithuaninan population (43.3 percent), meanwhile 8.6 percent believe that they use more alcohol than general lithuaninan population. Frequency of alcohol use was found to be related to the age of respondents when alcohol was used for the first time. 24.1 respondents reported that increased alcohol price had an inpact on their drinking habits. Frequency of alcohol consumption was associated with age. Older persons consumed alcohol less frequently than younger. 33.8 % of respondents reported that on average day when they are... [to full text]

<p>Different Perspectives is a study of detainees' and guards' experiences of the remand prison. The result of the study shows that the remand prison brings forth the individuals anxiety, stress and fear. The individual detained in remand prison have a great need for contact with their families, but also with the guards. In the remand prison there is always a great level of control and always some kind of power practised. It is the guards who have the power and the competences to make the individuals detained in remand prison follow the rules and do what they have been told. The society possesses biases and a great curiosity about remand prisons and the people being there. This can lead to stigmatization among both the detained individuals as well as the guards.</p>

Different Perspectives is a study of detainees' and guards' experiences of the remand prison. The result of the study shows that the remand prison brings forth the individuals anxiety, stress and fear. The individual detained in remand prison have a great need for contact with their families, but also with the guards. In the remand prison there is always a great level of control and always some kind of power practised. It is the guards who have the power and the competences to make the individuals detained in remand prison follow the rules and do what they have been told. The society possesses biases and a great curiosity about remand prisons and the people being there. This can lead to stigmatization among both the detained individuals as well as the guards.

The dissertation concentrates on the education of imprisoned persons in remand prison České Budějovice. The theoretical part contains the meaning of education for such persons and for the whole society, furthermore it takes into consideration the current system of education of those persons in Czech Republic and the contribution of specific penitentiary personnel on the whole process and on the effort of increasing the quality of inmate's life. The practical part contains direct research of the offered education in the remand prison České Budějovice. Fifteen narrative dialogues with inmates were used. These persons were talking about their respective lives with a special ephasis on their level of education, their relation to the field they were educated in, whether they would appreciate a broader offer of education while imprisoned and how they see their future regarding the education. These dialogues were compared with the outcome of the theoretical part and in the closing hypothetical recommendations regarding education of the inmates for the Prison service of Czech Republic were stated.

This thesis is an exploration of the perspectives of recipients and providers of health and criminal justice services about the transitional support needs of arrestees and remand prisoners, leaving short-term custody. The study implements Constructive Grounded Theory Methods, underpinned by the Network Theory of Social Capital as the theoretical framework. Forty-two semi-structured interviews were conducted, with five participant groups; service users (arrestees/remand prisoners), family/carers, mental health staff (criminal justice liaison and mental health in-reach, community mental health teams), criminal justice staff (police/prison officers) and mental health commissioners. Participants provided unique perspectives about the health and social support, available at the transitional points of leaving short-term custody. This was supported by the construction of 11 sociograms for service users, in both arrest (n=5) and remand (n=6) situations, to highlight the availability and functionality of support networks. Transitions are particularly problematic in relation to linking offenders with appropriate community-based mental health services. The over-arching constructed grounded theory is a need for a culture shift within health policy and practice to refocus on transitional care planning to optimise continuous care pathways. Associated themes include ‘lack of practical assistance’, ‘lack of crisis support’, ‘returning to the security of prison’ and ‘poor transition planning’. Critical Time Intervention, a variant of case management has demonstrated benefits when applied to mental health and offender populations, transiting from hospital and prison settings. The programme contains all the components of service that service users, carers and staff identified as important to effectively support transitions from short-term custody to the community.

Ett flertal fall av trakasserier mellan kollegor inom kriminalvården har under åren rapporterats utan någon grundligare undersökning gällande ämnet. Även om det framkommer forskning vilket undersöker denna problematik inom ett antal olika miljöer och yrken, saknas det information specifikt för kriminalvården i Sverige. Med en betydande påverkan på de utsatta individerna, bör däremot det förebyggande arbetet mot trakasserier på arbetsplatsen anses vara av stor vikt. Inte enbart på grund av de anställdas välbefinnande utan även beträffande de negativa påföljder handlingarna kan skapa för verksamhetens säkerhet. För att vidare undersöka förekomsten så väl som hanteringen och förebyggandet av trakasserier mellan kollegor inom kriminalvården, har gällande studie genomfört semistrukturerade intervjuer med fyra kriminalvårdare. Samtliga respondenter befinner sig på en högre ansvarsposition inom verksamheten och belyser endast förekomsten utefter deras personliga uppfattningar. Resultaten enligt respondenterna tyder på en allmänt positiv arbetsmiljö med en övergripande låg befintlighet av trakasserier. Det framkommer däremot att de trakasserier vilka anmäls huvudsakligen sker i form av sexuella trakasserier mellan nyanställda, utfrysning mot nya vikarier eller att kvinnor blir bortvalda från vissa arbetsuppgifter. Samtliga medverkande bekräftar dessutom att mörkertalet troligtvis är stort och att en stor del av problematiken inte uppenbaras för de ansvariga. Då studiens urval varit begränsat, kan vidare undersökningar inom forskningsområdet anses väsentligt för ett tillförlitligt och förebyggande resultat. / Several cases of harassment between colleagues within the correctional service have been reported over the years, without any more thorough investigation into the incidents. Although there is research that examines this problem within several different environments and professions, there is a lack of information specifically for the correctional service in Sweden. With a significant impact on the vulnerable individuals the preventive work against harassment in the workplace should be considered of great importance. Not only because of the well-being of the employees, but also regarding the negative consequences these actions can have for the actual work safety. To further investigate the occurrence, the administration, and the prevention of harassment between colleagues within the correctional service, the current study has conducted semi-structured interviews with four correctional officers. All respondents hold a position of increased responsibility within the institution and solely describe the occurrences according to their perceptions. According to the respondents, the results indicate a generally positive work environment with an overall low presence of harassment. It appears that the actual reported cases of harassment mainly take the form of sexual harassment between new employees, ostracism towards temporary employees and women being excluded for certain tasks. All participants confirm that there is potentially an extensive amount of unreported case that are not revealed to the responsible authority. Because of the studies limited sample, further research within the topic is needed to obtain higher reliability of the results, hopefully to then prevent future cases of harassment.

This diploma thesis deals with special pedagogue role in system of treating with prisoners at the department custody and department of imprisonment. It also describes all the activities and programs, which are prepared by special pedagogue for accused and convinced. There is described the work of special pedagogue in Remand Prison Praha-Pankrác. The research was based on observations, case reports and interviews.