The present research has been undertaken within a narrative approach which is based on social constructionism. For the purposes of fostering more effective communication between science and theology, I also adopt the postfoundationalist way of thinking which was suggested by Van Huyssteen. I made use of the seven movements that were proposed by J C Müller to present the research undertaken with four young adult Christians. Korea is a multi-religious society in which various religions coexist, such as Buddhism, Confucianism, Shamanism, Christianity and several new religions. In the religious background of Korea, people are free to choose their religion, but sometimes their religious freedom has been limited by the patriarchal family system. In particular, young adult Christians who are in the period of emerging adulthood may face an even more difficult situation when they practise a different religion from that of their family. They are still under the strong influence of their parents emotionally and financially, but they want to be adults with their own independent identity. Moreover, Korean social prejudice against Christianity causes the young adult Christians much difficulty in maintaining their faith life comfortably. In order to listen to their stories regarding their faith life, I selected four young adult Christians who have non-Christian family members in their household, who are unmarried, and are therefore still dependent on their parents. With the co-researchers, individual interview sessions and group interview sessions were held, and a web-activity devised in which their stories were told and developed in collaboration with various disciplines that were influencing their discourses within the stories. They were experiencing tensions with their non-Christian family members in maintaining their Christian faith life and were feeling powerless in the relationship with them. Furthermore, in their relationship with other Christians in the church the co-researchers complained about the lack of understanding, regarding their specific family background, shown by those believers who do have Christian relatives in their household. The narrative research process allowed the co-researchers to interpret their difficult stories and to think through the meanings of these and their effect. In this manner, they could reinterpret their painful stories and uncover new meanings that might assist them to be more satisfied in the future. Having discovered new meanings for their painful stories, the co-researchers are not powerless people any longer; instead, they are active people who are dreaming for, or envisioning, a better future with their non-Christian family. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Practical Theology / unrestricted

This study explores the experiences of people who have lost loved ones due to socially stigmatized deaths. Drawing from eight individual interviews, the author argues that the stigma associated with death due to drug overdose, suicide, substance abuse, or murder can cause traumatic or prolonged grief and can complicate the way the bereaved talk about grief as a part of their healing process. With the mortality rate in the U.S. rising, there is an epidemic of disenfranchised grief affecting millions of bereaved individuals. Using Coordinated Management of Meaning and Communication Privacy Management theories, the author uncovers strategies the traumatically bereaved employ to manage interactions and relationships with others. A qualitative analysis of participant interviews revealed that social stigma, whether experienced or anticipated, affects the way the bereaved communicate and can cause self-silencing. Findings indicate a need for safe, supportive, and non-judgmental spaces for the traumatically bereaved to share their stories.

Orientador: Marilda da Silva / Banca: Alda Junqueira Marin / Banca: Claudia Raimundo Reyes / Banca: Edvanda Bonavina da Rosa / Banca: Vera Teresa Valdemarin / Resumo: Este trabalho consiste em um estudo que busca aprofundar a contribuição que a atividade de contar e recontar histórias na pré-escola pode propiciar para a aquisição do Capital Cultural dos alunos. A pergunta nuclear desta pesquisa é a seguinte: seria o Conto-Reconto um procedimento didático que favorece a aquisição do capital cultural, sobretudo pelas classes populares? Entre meus objetivos procurei verificar as contribuições de caráter cultural que a atividade Conto-Reconto de histórias trouxe aos envolvidos (professoras, alunos e mães). Neste contexto, os estudos de Pierre Bourdieu constituíram o eixo norteador de minha investigação, sobretudo os conceitos de habitus e capital cultural, os quais forneceram os subsídios necessários para a análise dos dados. Com a finalidade de abarcar os objetivos propostos optei pela abordagem qualitativa, com ênfase no estudo de caso. Assim, a coleta dos dados ocorreu por meio de entrevistas semi-estruturadas. Os sujeitos deste estudo são sete professoras de EMEIs (Escola Municipal de Educação Infantil) da cidade de Matão-SP, que estão trabalhando com a atividade Conto-Reconto nos últimos dez anos; além de dez alunos que participaram desses recontos, bem como as mães desses alunos. Entendo que essa investigação poderá possibilitar uma fértil reflexão acerca dos procedimentos escolares, no que diz respeito à aquisição e/ou ampliação do capital cultural e suas implicações para as relações da escola com a família e a comunidade, uma vez que poderemos observar quais as reais contribuições que tal atividade tem trazido no que se refere à reestruturação do habitus, à formação de leitores e escritores, ao estreitamento da relação pais-filhos-escola e, principalmente, à aquisição do capital cultural / Abstract: This work is a study that intends to develop the contribution that the activity of telling and retelling stories in preschool can give for the acquisiton of Students Cultural Capital. The main question of this research is: Would the Telling-Retelling a didactic procedure that sustains the cultural capital acquisition, especially by the popular classes? Among our purposes, we search to verify the cultural character contribution that the telling-retelling activity brought to those involved (teachers, students and mothers). In this context, Pierre Bourdieu's studies built the guiding line of our research, particularly the habitus and cultural capital concepts, which provided us the necessary assistance for data analysis. To the purpose of comprehend the proposed objectives, we chose the qualitative approach, with emphasis on the case study. So, the data were collected through semi-structures interviews. Our study subjects are seven EMEIs teachers (municipal school of childhood education) from the city of Matão - SP, which are working with the activity Telling-Retelling in the last ten years; besides ten students who participated in these retellings, as well as their mothers. We understand that our research will enable a rich reflexion about school procedures, regarding cultural capital acquisition and/or explansion and its implications for the relationship between school, family and community, so we can look at the real contributions that such activity has brought regarding the habitus restructing, writers and readers formation, the narrowing of the parent-child relationship at, especially the cultural capital acquisition / Doutor

Abstract The aim of this descriptive study was to investigate differences in macro- and micro-structures in the narratives of language-impaired (n =  18) and typically developing (n =  10) children aged 4−6 years, the effect of the elicitation method on the frequency of structural features and the impact of the intervention used in the study on the development of narration. The study assessed the development of narration in three peer groups (rehabilitation group, control group and typically developing comparison group) with the aid of time-series design over a period of nine months. During six months, the lexicon and the cognitive schema of the narrative of the children in the rehabilitation group for language-impaired children was strengthened with training tasks and moments of reading involving dialogue arranged by the parents. The development of narration was assessed using the Bus Story sequence of pictures, a picture book with frogs, two sets of toys, a personal narrative and an assessment form completed by the parents. At baseline, the narratives based on sequences of pictures of the language-impaired children contained fewer episodes, story grammar categories, descriptions of events and expressions of evaluative language compared to typically developing children. In the narratives based on sets of toys the number of non-verbal grammatical categories was higher among the language-impaired children, and they told more personal narratives of a varying level compared to the typically developing comparison children. The narratives of language-impaired children contained fewer word units and communication units as well as temporal connectives than those of typically developing comparison children. Their communication units were also shorter and the percentage of functional words lower compared to the controls. Structurally the best narratives were children`s frog stories elicited with a wordless picture book. During the follow-up period, the macro- and micro-structure (number of word units and communication units, content words) of the retold and picture book narratives and expressions of evaluative language (all narratives) of the language-impaired children in the rehabilitation group reached nearly the same level compared to typically developing children. The communication units of the narratives became longer and the use of temporal connectives increased more in the rehabilitation group compared to the control group of language-impaired children. According to the parents’ assessment, intervention improved the children’s narration. Compared to their typically developing peers, language-impaired children under school age tell narratives with more structural weaknesses. The intervention used in the study promotes the macro- and micro-structures of children’s retold and picture-book narratives. / Tiivistelmä Tämän kuvailevan tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli selvittää kielihäiriöisten (n =  18) ja tyypillisesti kehittyvien (n =  10) 4−6-vuotiaiden lasten kertomusten makro- ja mikrorakenteiden eroja, elisitointimenetelmän vaikutusta rakennepiirteiden esiintyvyyteen sekä tutkimuksessa käytetyn kuntoutuksen vaikutusta kerronnan kehittymiseen. Tutkimuksessa arvioitiin kolmen keskenään kaltaistetun ryhmän (kuntoutus- ja vertailuryhmä sekä tyypillisesti kehittyvät verrokit) kerronnan kehittymistä toistettujen mittausten aikasarjalla yhdeksän kuukauden ajan. Kielihäiriöisten kuntoutusryhmän lasten sanastoa ja kertomuksen kognitiivista skeemaa vahvistettiin puolen vuoden aikana harjoitustehtävien ja vanhempien järjestämien dialogisten lukutuokioiden avulla. Aineisto koostui kuvasarjoihin (Bus Story, sammakkokirja), lelusarjoihin ja henkilökohtaisiin kokemuksiin perustuvista kertomuksista sekä vanhempien arvioinneista. Perustason mittauksissa kielihäiriöisten lasten kuvasarjoihin perustuvissa kertomuksissa oli vähemmän episodeja, kielioppikategorioita, tapahtumakuvauksia ja arvioivan kielen ilmauksia kuin tyypillisesti kehittyneillä lapsilla. Lelusarjakertomuksissa ei-kielellisesti toteutuneiden kielioppikategorioiden määrä oli kielihäiriöryhmien lapsilla suurempi ja he kertoivat enemmän eritasoisia henkilökohtaisia kertomuksia kuin tyypillisesti kehittyneet verrokit. Kielihäiriöisten lasten kertomuksissa oli vähemmän sana- ja kommunikaatioyksiköitä sekä temporaalisia konnektiiveja kuin tyypillisesti kehittyneillä verrokeilla. Kommunikaatioyksiköt olivat myös lyhyempiä ja funktiosanojen prosentuaaliset osuudet pienempiä kuin verrokeilla. Elisitointimenetelmä vaikutti kertomuksen makrorakenteeseen siten, että lapset tuottivat rakenteellisesti parhaimpia kertomuksia sanattoman kuvakirjan avulla kaikissa kolmessa tutkimusryhmissä. Seurantajakson aikana kuntoutusryhmän kielihäiriöisten lasten toisto- ja kuvakirjakertomusten makro- ja mikrorakenne (sana- ja kommunikaatioyksiköiden määrät, sisältösanat) sekä arvioivan kielen ilmaisut (kaikki kertomukset) kehittyivät lähes samalle tasolle tyypillisesti kehittyvien lasten kanssa. Kertomusten kommunikaatioyksiköt pitenivät ja temporaalisten konnektiivien käyttö lisääntyi kuntoutusryhmällä enemmän kuin kielihäiriöisten lasten vertailuryhmällä. Kuntoutus kehitti lasten kerrontaa myös vanhempien arvioiden mukaan. Alle kouluikäiset kielihäiriöiset lapset kertovat tyypillisesti kehittyneisiin ikätovereihinsa verrattuna rakenteellisesti puutteellisempia kertomuksia. Tutkimuksessa käytetty kuntoutus kehitti lapsen toisto- ja kuvakirjakertomusten makro- ja mikrorakenteita.

Bakgrund. Stor del av barns spontana kommunikation sker i form av berättande och genom att undersöka mikro- och makrostrukturer i återberättande kan olika aspekter av den språkliga förmågan kartläggas. Barn med svag textförståelse uppvisar svårigheter i många språkliga områden och en god kartläggning kan både ligga till grund för identifiering av de individer som behöver stöd samt vara vägledande i interventionsplanering. Syfte. I första delen av studien var syftet att undersöka mikro- och makrostrukturella skillnader i narrativt återberättande mellan elever med svag textförståelse och elever med god textförståelse. Syftet i andra delen av studien var att undersöka det narrativa återberättandet hos elever identifierade med svag narrativ kvalitet. Metod. I studiens första del analyserades återberättande från elever i åk 2 kvantitativt på mikro- och makrostrukturell nivå utifrån SALT, NSS och Informationsled. I studiens andra del utfördes en kvalitativ analys av elevernas återberättande utifrån samma mått. Resultat. Ingen signifikant skillnad mellan grupperna kunde påvisas i studiens första del. Eleverna med svag textförståelse tenderade att ha en högre språklig produktivitet i sitt återberättande medan eleverna med god textförståelse tenderade att ha ett mer komplext återberättande. I studiens andra del var eleverna benägna att sammanfatta berättelsen och exkludera delar. Slutsatser. Elever med språkliga svårigheter är inte en homogen grupp. Interventionsinsatser måste således anpassas efter varje elevs behov. Resultaten från denna studie kan dock tyda på att även små interventionsinsatser i grupp skulle kunna utjämna eventuella skillnader i narrativt återberättande mellan elever med svag textförståelse och elever med god textförståelse. / Background. Much of children’s spontaneous communication is in the form of storytelling. By examining micro- and macrostructures in retelling, different aspects of linguistic ability can be mapped. Children with poor text comprehension show weakness in many linguistic areas and an appropriate analysis can serve as a basis for identifying individuals who need support, as well as guidance for intervention. Aim. The first part of this study investigates micro- and macrostructural differences in narrative retelling between students with and without poor text comprehension. The second part investigates narrative retelling by students identified with poor narrative quality. Methods. In the first part of the study, retellings from second grade students were analyzed at micro- and macrostructural levels. In the second part, a qualitative analysis of the retellings based on these levels was performed. Results. In part 1, no significant differences between the groups were observed. However, students with poor text comprehension tended to have a higher linguistic productivity in their retellings and students with good text comprehension had more complex structures. Part 2, it was found that the students with poor narrative quality tended to summarize the story and exclude parts. Conclusions. Students with language difficulties are not a homogeneous group. Hence, an intervention needs to be adapted to the needs of the student. Further, the results indicate that a short intervention has the potential to equalize possible differences in narrative retelling between students with and without poor text comprehension. / Tidig intensivsatsning i avkodning och läsförståelse

No description available.

<p>In a school for children from 6-9 years in a small town in the southeast of Sweden, is areading activity program in progress since 8 years. The original purpose of this program wasto enhance the student’s reading interest. All of the students read at least one book a week andthen they review the book in front of the class.</p><p>The purpose of the present study was to examine vocabulary, word retrieving, narrative skillsand grammatical abilities in children in this school. The objectives were to investigate if thechosen language abilities in these children were different compared to normative data andearlier studies in children at comparable ages. Furthermore, the aim was to study if narrative skills correlated with vocabulary, word retrieving and grammatical ability.</p><p>The examination was carried out by testing 65 students in the school regarding the chosenlanguage abilities. The results showed that these students had better vocabulary compared to American normative data and earlier Swedish studies. In narratives they produced stories inchronological order and they included a large amount of information. Narrative abilitiescorrelated with receptive vocabulary, word retrieving and grammatical abilities.</p><p>It was concluded that reading promoting activities may have affected these student’s languageabilities in a positive way.</p> / <p>I en skola för barn mellan 6 och 9 år i en liten stad i sydöstra Sverige pågår sedan 8 år tillbakaen aktivitet vars ursprungliga syfte var att öka elevernas läsintresse. Alla elever läser minst enbok i veckan och gör därefter en recension som de läser upp i klassen.</p><p>Syftet med föreliggande studie var att studera ordförråd, ordmobilisering, narrativ förmågasamt grammatisk förmåga hos eleverna på den utvalda skolan. Frågeställningarna varhuruvida utvalda språkförmågor hos eleverna skiljde sig från normativa data och tidigarestudier av barn i jämförbara åldrar. Vidare undersöktes om narrativ förmåga hade någotsamband med ordförråd, ordmobilisering och grammatisk förmåga.</p><p>Undersökningen gjordes genom att 65 elever på skolan testades med avseende på de utvalda språkförmågorna. Resultatet visade att dessa elever hade ett bättre ordförråd jämfört medamerikansk normering och tidigare svenska studier. Gällande elevernas narrativa förmåga berättade de i kronologisk ordning och återgav många delhändelser i historien. Resultatetvisade också att narrativ förmåga hade samband med impressivt ordförråd, ordmobiliseringoch grammatisk förmåga.</p><p>Slutsatsen var att den läsfrämjande aktiviteten kan ha påverkat dessa elevers språkförmågorpositivt.</p>

In a school for children from 6-9 years in a small town in the southeast of Sweden, is areading activity program in progress since 8 years. The original purpose of this program wasto enhance the student’s reading interest. All of the students read at least one book a week andthen they review the book in front of the class. The purpose of the present study was to examine vocabulary, word retrieving, narrative skillsand grammatical abilities in children in this school. The objectives were to investigate if thechosen language abilities in these children were different compared to normative data andearlier studies in children at comparable ages. Furthermore, the aim was to study if narrative skills correlated with vocabulary, word retrieving and grammatical ability. The examination was carried out by testing 65 students in the school regarding the chosenlanguage abilities. The results showed that these students had better vocabulary compared to American normative data and earlier Swedish studies. In narratives they produced stories inchronological order and they included a large amount of information. Narrative abilitiescorrelated with receptive vocabulary, word retrieving and grammatical abilities. It was concluded that reading promoting activities may have affected these student’s languageabilities in a positive way. / I en skola för barn mellan 6 och 9 år i en liten stad i sydöstra Sverige pågår sedan 8 år tillbakaen aktivitet vars ursprungliga syfte var att öka elevernas läsintresse. Alla elever läser minst enbok i veckan och gör därefter en recension som de läser upp i klassen. Syftet med föreliggande studie var att studera ordförråd, ordmobilisering, narrativ förmågasamt grammatisk förmåga hos eleverna på den utvalda skolan. Frågeställningarna varhuruvida utvalda språkförmågor hos eleverna skiljde sig från normativa data och tidigarestudier av barn i jämförbara åldrar. Vidare undersöktes om narrativ förmåga hade någotsamband med ordförråd, ordmobilisering och grammatisk förmåga. Undersökningen gjordes genom att 65 elever på skolan testades med avseende på de utvalda språkförmågorna. Resultatet visade att dessa elever hade ett bättre ordförråd jämfört medamerikansk normering och tidigare svenska studier. Gällande elevernas narrativa förmåga berättade de i kronologisk ordning och återgav många delhändelser i historien. Resultatetvisade också att narrativ förmåga hade samband med impressivt ordförråd, ordmobiliseringoch grammatisk förmåga. Slutsatsen var att den läsfrämjande aktiviteten kan ha påverkat dessa elevers språkförmågorpositivt.

Students who are emergent readers and writers are often difficult to assess, as they are unable to communicate understanding in writing. From my observations, these students communicate ideas best through concrete forms of expression, rather than the abstract formation of letters and writing that is unfamiliar to them. Drawing provides an alternate form of expression from writing. Based on information found in literature review and personal experiences from working with students who are emergent readers and writers, pictures and drawings are a bridge to communicate ideas with these students. This form of expression and communication may be a useful assessment tool for students at this developmental stage. The purpose of this research study is to test the hypothesis that retelling using visual art representations of the story will yield positive results.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:31:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-03-21Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:42:11Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 donato_d_dr_arafcl.pdf: 4641262 bytes, checksum: dee5ddcbd9ee1c355848dd02c10b543f (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Este trabalho consiste em um estudo que busca aprofundar a contribuição que a atividade de contar e recontar histórias na pré-escola pode propiciar para a aquisição do Capital Cultural dos alunos. A pergunta nuclear desta pesquisa é a seguinte: seria o Conto-Reconto um procedimento didático que favorece a aquisição do capital cultural, sobretudo pelas classes populares? Entre meus objetivos procurei verificar as contribuições de caráter cultural que a atividade Conto-Reconto de histórias trouxe aos envolvidos (professoras, alunos e mães). Neste contexto, os estudos de Pierre Bourdieu constituíram o eixo norteador de minha investigação, sobretudo os conceitos de habitus e capital cultural, os quais forneceram os subsídios necessários para a análise dos dados. Com a finalidade de abarcar os objetivos propostos optei pela abordagem qualitativa, com ênfase no estudo de caso. Assim, a coleta dos dados ocorreu por meio de entrevistas semi-estruturadas. Os sujeitos deste estudo são sete professoras de EMEIs (Escola Municipal de Educação Infantil) da cidade de Matão-SP, que estão trabalhando com a atividade Conto-Reconto nos últimos dez anos; além de dez alunos que participaram desses recontos, bem como as mães desses alunos. Entendo que essa investigação poderá possibilitar uma fértil reflexão acerca dos procedimentos escolares, no que diz respeito à aquisição e/ou ampliação do capital cultural e suas implicações para as relações da escola com a família e a comunidade, uma vez que poderemos observar quais as reais contribuições que tal atividade tem trazido no que se refere à reestruturação do habitus, à formação de leitores e escritores, ao estreitamento da relação pais-filhos-escola e, principalmente, à aquisição do capital cultural / This work is a study that intends to develop the contribution that the activity of telling and retelling stories in preschool can give for the acquisiton of Students Cultural Capital. The main question of this research is: Would the Telling-Retelling a didactic procedure that sustains the cultural capital acquisition, especially by the popular classes? Among our purposes, we search to verify the cultural character contribution that the telling-retelling activity brought to those involved (teachers, students and mothers). In this context, Pierre Bourdieu’s studies built the guiding line of our research, particularly the habitus and cultural capital concepts, which provided us the necessary assistance for data analysis. To the purpose of comprehend the proposed objectives, we chose the qualitative approach, with emphasis on the case study. So, the data were collected through semi-structures interviews. Our study subjects are seven EMEIs teachers (municipal school of childhood education) from the city of Matão – SP, which are working with the activity Telling-Retelling in the last ten years; besides ten students who participated in these retellings, as well as their mothers. We understand that our research will enable a rich reflexion about school procedures, regarding cultural capital acquisition and/or explansion and its implications for the relationship between school, family and community, so we can look at the real contributions that such activity has brought regarding the habitus restructing, writers and readers formation, the narrowing of the parent-child relationship at, especially the cultural capital acquisition