<p>This paper deals with the late Viking age/early medieval grave field in Björned, Torsåker parish, Ångermanland County in northern Sweden. The grave field in Björned is rare because it has all the signs of being Christianized before the surroundings. This awakes questions such as if the people of Björned came from another place and brought the religion with them or if someone else did that for them. To find these answers I have analysed the stable isotope ratios [delta]13C, [delta]15N and [delta]34S in human bone collagen. Through these stable isotopes we can not only see what the people consumed but also where their food had its origin. It seems like several people from the grave field had a different origin then the rest.</p>

This study explores the concepts of vulnerability, agency, and actors with relation to the capability development and deprivation of women with physical disabilities in Lusaka, Zambia. Based in the human development paradigm and Sen and Nussbaum’s Capabilities Approach, it seeks to critically explore what impact being born, raised, and living as a woman with a physical disability in a developing country has on the development of capabilities. It also seeks to identify and analyze the involved processes, actors, and environmental factors. A main finding is that capability deprivation for women with physical disabilities is not simply caused by disability, or by gender, but by a multitude of factors. These include: the environment, social contexts, and relative poverty in which the women live; the particular cultural repertoires that surround them; and the actors with whom they interact. However, disability can, and often does, exacerbate the complex life situations in which the women find themselves.

The thesis aims to explore the artistic personality of Hunter S. Thompson, one of the most distinctive cultural figures of post-war America, and his genesis as an author, journalist, and a counterculture idol of the 1960s. The era is now widely regarded as a turning point in contemporary American history as its deep-rooted values and norms were, over the course of a decade, gradually transformed by the young generation of social and political activists toward allegedly a more tolerant and liberal kind of community. Crucial in such an endeavor was the role of the countercultural movement that produced some of the most capable intellectual minds of the time, including Thompson. The paper thus analyzes the role and nature of the alternative culture in America as perceived by one of its most observant participants. Also, the thesis focuses on the author's role in establishing a new genre called New Journalism which can be linked with the era's countercultural efforts as well. In general, Thompson, in his texts, examines various phenomena surrounding the counterculture and provides us with a distinctive portrayal of the era's zeitgeist. However, unlike some of his contemporaries, he also remembers to examine numerous flaws and fallacies existing within contemporary American society, the American Dream...

This work deals with novel heroines and their waking dreaming in the novels of th 20th centrury form central Europe. Methodology is inspired by Gaston Bachelard's water and dreams. This methodology analyzes categories of waking dreams which occur the most often in selected novels. Considering Bachelard's texts about places there appear other places for dreaming, which bind to content topics of the dream. The work is enhancement by phenomenology of perecption, which proves in the end as the most important criterion of the attitude to waking dreams.

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Surrealistic Moments in Raymond Queneau's Novels The objective of this thesis is to study the connection between Raymond Queneau's novels and surrealism. Raymond Queneau was part of the surrealistic group for only a relatively short time and after he left it, he fully rejected the surrealistic movement and concentrated his literary output in another direction. Nevertheless, there are surrealistic moments to be found in his work, on which this thesis will focus. The thesis contains a brief characterisation of surrealism as a literary movement and a basic overview of Raymond Queneau's life and the structure of his works. Special focus is given to the part of the author's life when he was active in the surrealistic group. The thesis further studies the period of time when Raymond Queneau was no longer part of the surrealistic group and when he turned his attention to completely different literary aspects of his production and participated in the work of other literary groups, whose methods differed substantially from the methods of surrealism (Oulipo); special focus is given to the significant aspects of the author's output, i.e. emphasis on the literary form, structure and order of his works. The main focus of the thesis is to study the surrealistic moments in Raymond Queneau's novels, which occur in his...

In this study, the goal is to optimize the process and to reduce the clogging tendency during the continuous casting process. The focus is on clogging when the refractory base material (RBM) in the SEN is in contact with the liquid steel. It is difficult or impossible to avoid non-metallic inclusions in the liquid steel, but by a selection of a good RBM in the SEN clogging can be reduced.   Different process steps were evaluated during the casting process in order to reduce the clogging tendency. First, the preheating of the SEN was studied. The results showed that the SEN can be decarburized during the preheating process. In addition, decarburization of SEN causes a larger risk for clogging. Two types of plasma coatings were implemented to protect the RBM, to prevent reactions with the RBM, and to reduce the clogging tendency. Calcium titanate (CaTiO3) mixed with yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) plasma coatings were tested in laboratory and pilot plant trials, for casting of aluminium-killed low-carbon steels. For casting of cerium alloyed stainless steels, YSZ plasma coatings were tested in laboratory, pilot plant and industrial trials. The results showed that the clogging tendency was reduced when implementing both coating materials.   It is also of importance to produce clean steel in order to reduce clogging. Therefore, the steel cleanliness in the tundish was studied experimentally. The result showed that inclusions originated from the slag, deoxidation products and tundish refractory and that they were present in the tundish as well as in the final steel product. / <p>QC 20170227</p> / VINNOVA

Cette thèse, écrite par un praticien qui a l'expérience de l'enseignement avec les élèves autistes, s'inscrit en sciences de l'éducation dans une approche clinique d'orientation psychanalytique. Elle interroge l'expérience des enseignants spécialisés travaillant auprès d'élèves avec des troubles autistiques. L'enjeu pour ces enseignants est de créer un espace psychique et des liens permettant la transmission et l'apprentissage de savoirs. Des transformations accompagnent la posture professionnelle qu'ils ont à construire avec ce public spécifique. En effet, ces élèves, entourés par de nombreux professionnels du soin, de l'éducation et de leurs familles, déstabilisent l'enseignant et les connaissances acquises pendant sa formation. Après un retour sur le cheminement du parcours de recherche, ces questions sont problématisées. Quatre entretiens cliniques réalisés auprès d'enseignants travaillant avec des élèves autistes sont analysés. Des concepts venus des sciences de l'éducation, comme celui de soi-professionnel, et de la psychanalyse, avec certains apports de Donald Woods Winnicott, Wilfred Ruprecht Bion ou Jacques Lacan, sont mis au travail pour explorer les sens possibles de l'expérience rapportée. Certains résultats se dégagent : les enseignants mobilisent des ressources psychiques variées, présentes et passées, personnelles et professionnelles, pour pouvoir entrer en contact avec ces élèves et soutenir un lien d'enseignement inédit. Il apparaît que cet enseignement s'appuie sur les bases fondatrices d'une relation, constituées par la création d'un « espace transitionnel et potentiel » (Winnicott), pour que des liens et des apprentissages se mettent en place. / The author is both a teacher with a vast experience in teaching autistic pupils, and a student of Paris Descartes University in Science of Education, with on a clinical and psychoanalytical approach. The thesis questions the experience of special educational needs (SEN) teachers, specialised in the teaching of pupils with autism. The challenge is to create a psychologically healthy and supportive place as well as bonds conducive to the transfer and acquisition of knowledge. Changes must be done in the professional attitude teachers must adopt. Indeed, their pupils, cared for by numerous healthcare professionals, teachers, as well as their own families are bound to shake the teachers confidence in themselves and in what they have learnt in their professional training. The research trajectory is first analysed, then the questions raised above are presented as problematics. Four clinical interviews carried out by teachers, all working with autistic pupils are analysed. Science of Education concepts such as the self-professional, and psychoanalysis, as well as the works of Donald Woods Winnicott, Wilfred Ruprecht Bion or Jacques Lacan, are used to explore the possible meanings of the reported experience. Some results emerge: teachers conjure up varied psychological resources, present or past, personal or professional, to make contact with their pupils and maintain this unique teaching bond. Their teaching appears to rely on the bases of a relationship created by a transitional and potential space (Winnicott), so that bonds and learning can be set up.

本篇之研究目的有兩個層次：首先是探討三民主義之人類進化論與人性論。其次是研究三民主義之人類進化論與人性論的關聯。以見三民主義的人類進化論，是以其人性論為基礎。 　　本研究認為，三民主義的人性論肯定人性為：「人皆有之的自覺認識、自覺實踐能力。但各人所稟程度不同。此一能力是本之生元，源之於生物進化。並使人異於萬物，優於萬物。」 　　三民主義的人類進化論則是：「主張人類及其所創造物逐漸滿足人類互助圖存的目的之變化過程的理論。」 　　由人性論與人類進化論的關聯可知，三民主義的人類進化論在其人性論的主導貫串下，成為「人本的人類進化論」。即人類進化乃是人性自然發抒、自我完善的外顯現象。人類進化乃是發於人性，亦為人性所成就。是以人類進化的意義，在於其符合人性。人類進化的一切製作，皆必須有助人性發展。 　　此外，本研究認為三民主義欲在實際作用中豁顯其正面意義，必須先由學術上加以揚棄、重建，方可修整出可資運用、認知的體系。因此，傳承前賢的研究，將三民主義更加學術化、理論化，應具有為人類未來找尋出路的意義。這是本研究的未來展望所在。

當前國內對於憲政發展的研究，似乎較偏重於行憲後憲法與憲政之演變的探討。對於行憲前，尤其是訓政時期這一階段對立憲所做的努力和嚐試，比較欠缺完整而又客觀的論述。而且一般研究偏向於歷史性敘述為主。這種歷史的研究途徑，對於訓政時期的立憲背景，當時的政治環境、政治文化及來自於不同政治勢力抗爭下所產生的壓力及挑戰，較無法做深入完整的分析。本研究係參考亞蒙(G.A.Almond)的比較政治之功能研究法，并輔以浦薛鳳先生「認識政治因素」之觀點，從政治發展角度，對訓政時期之憲政準備歷程作較完整且具體的研析。兼採歷史法，分析法，比較法及歸納法以進行研究。期望能更深入瞭解中山先生「革命建國三程序」論的精義；並探究訓政時期政黨、議會、大眾傳播媒體、學校、黨政運作等在立憲準備過程中所扮演的角色，彰顯出訓政時期在我國革命建國及實施民主憲政中的重要性。 本文共分八章，約三十萬字。第一章緒論，分三節說明本文之研究動機、研究目的及研究方法與研究架構。 第二章說明軍政、訓政時期憲政準備之基礎，共四節分別說明西方民主憲政理論基礎的發展及西方國家行憲政府的主要型態及我國採行訓政時期的意義。其中所面臨的政治，社會、經濟等結構上劇烈的變動，各種不同政治勢力的衝突，以及體系的調適、結構的整合，衝突的化解等難題，都必須加以解決。而中山先生訓政的主張即是一種直接而有計劃的政治教育、指導和訓練，以培育人民的政治能力，牌其能直接參與政治，奠定民主憲政的基礎，尤其訓政在政治發展上，顯示了穩定政治體系，指導政治變遷導向的重要功能。在本章同時也說明了我國立憲的背景與以中山先生思想為主軸的憲政主義的發展。 第三章則在於探討訓政時期的民主憲政學習之基礎，亦分成四節，從政治社會化與政治學習的角度，探討訓政時期政府所推行的三民主義教育及地方自治對於民主憲政基礎之建立的功能；並從學校教育、社會教育及當時所推行的各種社會運動，深入瞭解這些基礎的工作，對於憲政準備所作的貢獻。 第四章為訓政時期議會政治與憲政準備工作。分為四節，這一章之重點主要在於從議會政治的發展—即從早期民初之國會、國民會議、國民參政會以至於政治協商會議及最重要之制憲國民大會等之沿革，說明議會在我國立憲準備歷程當中，所發揮的利益匯集、表達，政治溝通、人才甄補及政策產出等之功能。 第五章訓政時期政治溝通與憲政準備工作。在本章主要在於說明西方政黨政治的理論及中山先生政黨政治觀念的演變。其次，則論及訓政時期主要之政黨、政綱及主張，再則論及訓政時期政黨政治由黨治確立至黨爭趨緩以至於黨派合作，終至憲法制定階段之發展歷程，並分別論述各黨派對憲法制定所持之主張，以其中之爭議，並從政治溝通之角度說明政黨政治在憲政準備歷程當中所發揮之功能。 第六章則論及大眾傳播媒體與憲政意見的整合。第一節從中國國民黨的新聞政策及對媒體的管制，及在野媒體的回應說明。第二節則論述抗戰前媒體對於當時訓政體制及憲法草案的批評與論爭；第三節之重點在於抗戰期間對於能否實行民主憲政的論戰，並對國民參政會、憲政期成會的憲草修正案及憲政實施協進會所提出的三十二項意見，在憲政準備歷程中的項獻提出說明。第四節探討抗戰後政治協商會議的召開及傳播媒體對於憲政議題的傾向，及其對制憲國民大會的影響。 第七章是在探討訓政時期的黨政關係與憲政準備工作。共分五節，分別論述國民政府初創時期的黨政結構與黨政關係，及訓政時期黨政運作關係與立憲過程之間的互動關係，以期瞭解訓政時期「以黨治國、以黨訓政」的特殊黨政關係型態，對於憲政準備工作之功能及影響。並及這種型態對於政治穩定所發揮的功能。 第八章為結論。就本研究之結果，提出訓政在我國建國程序中之經驗模式，及本文研究之心得。