Digital innovation (DI) has enabled businesses to enhance their existing market offerings by integrating digital features. Despite advanced technologies, substantial marketing efforts, and global recognition, businesses can still struggle to convince customers to adopt their digital market offering. This process of spreading novel innovation is known as diffusion. In the fast-growing digital world, due to the unique characteristics of DI, traditional diffusion theories and models shows limited explanatory power, creating challenges for researchers and practitioners alike. With the aim to explore these challenges, we position our research within the IS literature with the following research question: "How and why do diffusion enablers and barriers emerge during digital innovation?". We conducted an interpretive case study of Company X, one of the world's largest consulting firms and an active DI practitioner. Our findings suggest that digital innovation diffusion can be enabled or hindered by several understudied interdependencies in its technological architecture. Furthermore, for successful diffusion, how DI distributed division of labor between layers must be effectively embedded and aligned for value in the clients' context. This study provides novel insights, exciting research avenues, and a diffusion strategy for DI practitioners.

Hälso- och sjukvården behöver ständigt förbättras för att klara framtidens utmaningar och möta de krav som ställs från så väl befolkning som politisk ledning. En förutsättning för att lyckas är att systematiskt arbeta med offensiv kvalitetsutveckling och att se patienten som en medskapare. Trots att fördelarna med användarinvolvering är tydliga så sker det sällan. Denna intervjustudie, som framför allt var kvalitativ med en fenomenologisk metodansats, syftade till att bidra med kunskapsutveckling kring användarinvolvering i primärvården för att skapa en ökad organisatorisk förmåga för offensiv kvalitetsutveckling. Forskningsfrågor som besvarades var hur verksamhetschefer i primärvården såg på användarinvolvering och vilka faktorer verksamhetscheferna i primärvården upplevde som främjande respektive hämmande för användarinvolvering.  Nio verksamhetschefer i primärvården i Region Dalarna intervjuades. Resultatet från intervjuerna tematiserades utifrån offensiv kvalitetsutveckling sett som ett ledningssystem i allmänhet och Hörnstensmodellens värderingar i synnerhet. I slutsatserna framkom att användarinvolvering ansågs vara viktigt för att möta befolkningens behov men att det fanns cementerade syn- och tankesätt som bidrog till att förbättringsarbeten i regel tog sin utgångspunkt i att verksamheten utvecklade hälso- och sjukvården för användarna snarare än med. Uppfattningen var också att användarinvolvering till viss del redan skedde, även om den framför allt var av reaktiv karaktär. Genom att på andra sätt och i större utsträckning involvera användarna skulle värdet kunna öka och den personcentrerade vården ta sig uttryck i handling. Examensarbetet har genererat kunskaper om vilka faktorer som krävs för att öka och framgångsrikt arbeta med användarinvolvering. / Healthcare needs to be continously improved to meet the challenges of the future and meet the demands of both the population and politicians. A prerequisite for success is to work systematically with Total Quality Management (TQM) and to see the patient as a co-creator. Although the benefits of user involvement are clear, it rarely happens. This interview study, which was primarily qualitative with a phenomenological methodological approach, aimed to contribute with knowledge development around user involvement in primary care to create an increased organizational capacity for TQM. Research questions that were answered were how operations managers in primary care viewed user involvement and what factors the operations managers in primary care perceived as promoting or inhibiting user involvement.  Nine operation managers in primary care in the Dalarna Region were interviewed. The results from the interviews were thematized on the basis of TQM seen as a system in general and the Corner Stone Model's values in particular. The conclusions showed that user involvement was considered important to meet the needs of the population, but that there were cemented views and mindsets that contributed to improvement work usually being based on developing healthcare for users rather than with.  The perception was also that user involvement had to some extent already taken place, even though it mostly were of a reactive nature. By involving users in other ways and to a greater extent, the value could increase and the person-centered care be expressed in action. The master thesis has generated knowledge of the factors required to increase and successfully work with user involvement. / <p>2021-06-06</p>

As the demand for imported electricity from the grid continues to increase in Södermanland county, achieving a smoother load profile for the overall imports becomes very critical. The utilization of batteries in every type of a company’s infrastructure aims to provide a backup solution when the electric network’s capabilities are unable to support demand for high imported capacities. The current degree project aims to analyse the impact of a New Market Logic, which encourages the prospective stakeholders of a future industrial park to invest in upgrades of their energy infrastructures. Interviews with company employees and literature reviews were used to analyse the conventional energy system according to its power-generating entities, distribution operators, and market norms of electricity. Microsoft Excel was used to simulate a model that aligns with the research goal specifications. Sensitivity analysis was also carried out to provide a better understanding of how different aspects impact the economics and the energy flows. Inventory management theory principles were applied to the design of an integrated battery charging algorithm with the goal of achieving a smother load profile while keeping a low battery capacity. The results indicated a smoother load profile of the companies, followed by a lower intensity in fluctuations during hourly peaks. Further, the author observed a positive economic impact on the yearly cash flows of the companies accompanied with a sustainable investment cost. This was particularly evident when the charges were adjusted according to the norms introduced by the New Market Logic. / <p>This thesis is a part of the integrated Master's studies program at the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. The author had the privilege of completing it in Sweden through the Erasmus+ Exchange program. </p>

The number of companies who base their business model on digital platforms has increased in the recent years. Successful examples of digital platforms are e.g., Airbnb, Klarna or Uber. Compared to traditional linear value chains the value creation process in digital platforms is characterized by co-creation between multiple actors who exchange resources through interactions to mutually create value. Because of this fundamental difference in the value creation process it is necessary to research value creation in digital platform. Screening the literature has however shown that there is research gap in understandthe value creation process in digital platforms. Therefore, this thesis aims to understand this context by conducting a case study-based research. For this purpose, the start-up company Eljun is chosen that creates a digital wallet for customers to proceed payments for sustainable transportations. By conducting semi-structured interviews with the central actors of the platform we received insights that allow us to answer the three research questions. The value proposition canvas for the first research question has shown that the technical integration, costs, and lack of uncertainty are negative perceived values by the actors and positive values result from synergy effects in the platform like enhancing reach and customer experience by offering complementary services. For the second question we appliedthe view of service-dominant logic to analyse what facilitates value cocreation in the platform which led to the following themes: Adopting customer centric approach, stimulating purposeful communication, fostering collaborative development, cultivating transparent and fair interaction. For the third questions we derived barriers and motivators for value co-creation that are connected to a shared mission, competition, organizational &amp; industrial readiness, number of actors and end-users, and the design of boundary resources.

The consumer behaviour is adapting within industries due to new technologies such as smart phones. As consumer behaviour changes so do companies by adapting their way of engaging and interacting with their customers. This provides potential to innovate new service offerings. Successfully launching new services which provide value for the customer is faced with risk of failure. To mitigate risks associated with failure, a clear understanding of the customer can aid with understanding what value a service offering should provide to be successfully adopted by the market. Due to customer experience being unique for each individual, personalization is a technique which could be used within software to improve the customer experience. Challenges could arise in terms of scarcity of data which can impact the performance negatively of a data driven algorithm. However, veracity is another aspect of data known to be associated with the potential to improve performance. Based on these two issues, this study conducted a sequential mixed methods study consisting of an etnographic study on Instagram to better understand the customer experience within nightlife. Furthermore, the netnographic study enabled the construction of a gold standard, which were used while conducting a GSDMM topic modelling experiment with the purpose to evaluate what topics required further pre-processing due to high ambiguity of the text content. Findings from the netnographic study and its implication for customer experience was discussed from the point of view of a software service offering. This study suggests software offerings within nightlife to improve customer experience during the pre-purchasing phase by considering aspects related to age, interests in atmosphere, type of activity, preferred music genres, spending time with friends or facilitating escapism. The discussed service has negligible control during the post-purchasing stage suggesting that the firm could innovate controlled touchpoints, such experiences can be related to anticipation, joy, celebration, social adventures, memory of previous nights out (stories), current music preferences or new desires occurring spontaneously. Upon adopting a service dominant logic, this study suggests that software services can facilitate the customer experience within nightlife through co-creation, since with the proper usage of data, network effects could occur between the customer and an organizer or venue within nightlife, but also between customer to customer. A future study is proposed to investigate how the coordination could be conducted through crowd-sourced based interactions where the software functions as an overseer of a multi-actor setting to provide further insights regarding how such coordination impacts the co-creation of value. / Konsumentbeteende förändras inom industrier mot bakgrund av att nya teknologier introduceras, till exempel smarttelefoner. Då konsumentbeteendet förändras, gör även företagen förändringar i hur de involverar och interagerar med kunder. Dessa förändringar ger möjligheter för att utveckla eller ta fram nya tjänster. Samtidigt finns utmaningar vid lansering av nya tjänster. För att minska riskerna vid lansering av nya tjänster kan en god förståelse av konsumenten tydliggöra vilket värde en tjänst bör erbjuda för att bemötas positivt av marknaden. Då kundupplevelse är unikt för varje person, kan individualiseringstekniker inom mjukvara tillämpas för att förbättra kundupplevelsen. Det kan däremot uppstå problem när det är bristfälligt med data som algoritmen kan använda sig av. Kvalité och valt fokus på data kan dock förbättra algoritmens prestationer. Mot bakgrund av de två redogjorda problemen, genomfördes en sekventiellt blandad metodstudie bestående av en nätnografisk studie på Instragram för att utöka förståelsen av kundupplevelsen inom nattlivet. Resultatet från nätnografistudien har därefter använts för att konstruera en guldstandard vilket tillämpades på en ämnesklassificerare vid namn GSDMM. Syftet med ämnesklassifikationsexperimenten var att förstå vilka ämnen som skrivs med en hög grad av tvetydighet och därför komma att kräva en mer gedigen förbehandling av den textbaserade informationen. För att tillägga, har insikter från nätnografistudien diskuterats och dess betydelse för kundupplevelsen utifrån en mjukvarutjänsts perspektiv. Studien tyder på att mjukvarutjänster inom nattlivet kan förbättra kundupplevelsen i förköpsstadiet genom att beakta aspekter relaterat till ålder, föredragen stämning, typ av aktivitet, föredragna musikgenrer, att vara med vänner eller framhävning av eskapism. Den diskuterade tjänsten har försumbar kontroll av kundupplevelsen i efterköpsstadiet, därför föreslås införandet av kontrollerbara interaktioner med tjänsten. Sådana upplevelser bör fokusera på att spänna förväntningar, glädje, firande, sociala äventyr, minnen från tidigare utgångar (berättelser), föredragen musik i stunden eller nya önskemål som uppstår spontant under utgången. Vid tillämpning av tjänstedominantlogik indikerar studien att mjukvarutjänster kan förbättra kundupplevelsen genom samskapande, eftersom vid korrekt användning av data, kan nätverkseffekter förekomma mellan dels kund och organisatör eller lokal inom nattlivet, men även mellan kund och kund. Fortsatta studier föreslås forska om hur samverkan kan koordineras genom crowdsource-baserade interaktioner där en mjukvarutjänst fungerar som kontrollant/moderator av en multi-aktörkonstellation. En sådan studie kan ge förståelse om hur koordinationen påverkar värdeskapandet under samverkan.

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Inledning: Den tillverkande industrin har länge ansetts ha en stor tillväxtpotential i en ökad tjänstefiering och att det finns en stor outnyttjad potential i tjänster för sålda produkter som kan realiseras genom intäkter för tidigare upplevda gratistjänster genom en process som kallas Free-to-Fee. Syfte: Studiens syfte är att undersöka tillverkande företags interna förståelse av de processer som leder till behovet att genomföra en Free-to-Fee-transition, det vill säga hur man idag hanterar tjänster relativt produkter i sina erbjudanden till marknaden och varför man i vissa fall inkluderar tjänster “gratis” i samband med en produktförsäljning.  Metod: Vi har valt att göra en studie med semistrukturerade intervjuer av medarbetare på större tillverkande företag med erfarenhet av att arbeta med tjänsteaffären. Medarbetarna återfinns på stora tillverkande företag inom olika branscher. Slutsats: Vi har funnit att intresset för tjänstefiering och Free-to-Fee övergångar är mycket begränsade, även om det finns en förståelse för värdet av en mer tjänstedominant affärslogik. Industrin är starkt påverkad av traditioner och institutioner där tjänster betraktas som adderat värde i en produktdominant affärslogik. / Introduction: The manufacturing industry has been perceived to have a substantial growth potential in an increased servitization. There is a great untapped potential for service for already sold products that can be realized through a transition from free services to paid service, in a process called Free-to-Fee. Purpose: The purpose with the study is to investigate manufacturing companies internal understanding of the processes that leads to the need to conduct a Free-to-Fee transition, how they today manage service related to products in their offerings to the market and why services are included for free, in some cases with a product sales.  Method: We have chosen to conduct a study of semi structured interviews with professionals working in manufacturing companies, with experience from the service business. The professionals are found at major manufacturing companies representing different branches.  Conclusion: We found that the interest for servitization and Free-to-Fee transitions is very limited, even if there is an understanding of the value of a more Service-Dominant Logic. The industry is strongly affected by traditions and service is perceived as an added value in a Product-Dominant Logic.

Background: Traditional banks in Sweden are undergoing major transformations from interacting mainly through physical touchpoints with a product-centric approach to an expanded range of digitalised touchpoints and a more customer-centric approach. This transformation exemplifies what in research is referred to as digital servitisation.  Purpose: To explore perceived implications in the banks’ relationship to customers when they digitalise customer touchpoints. Furthermore, to understand how different roles involved in customer relationship management and customer touchpoints - strategic, analytical and operational perspectives - perceive the work needed to interact with customers through different touchpoints. Method: Through a qualitative, interpretative, multiple case study two traditional Swedish banks are explored in their work with their relationships with their customers and digitalised touchpoints. The empirical data is gathered through 15 semi-structured interviews with respondents working analytically, operationally and strategically to gain as representative an understanding of the general perception among employees as possible.  Findings: Using a thematic analysis, the thesis presents six themes; (1) Customers in charge of interactions, (2) Becoming more complex, (3) Relationships are more interchangeable, (4) Rethinking relationship components, (5) Connecting the dots and (6) Integrating the old with the new. The themes are clustered as Changes (1-3) and Adaptations (4-6).  Conclusions: The thesis concludes that the relationship between banks and their customers has and continues to change in the transformation of digital servitisation. The demands and behaviours of the customer are perceived to change, simultaneously they gain more power over the relationship and the banks become more interchangeable. Thus, the banks must change along with the relationship to adhere to the customers’ demands, in order to stay relevant and keep their competitive advantage. At the time being, there are several ways that the banks believe that this can be done, but continue to express that they are still exploring to find the right approach and how to execute it.

Im digitalen Zeitalter sind Innovationskraft und eine effiziente Adaption digitaler Technologien für Unternehmen entscheidend, um sich Wettbewerbsvorteile zu sichern. Der Einsatz digitaler Technologien für Innovation verspricht in diesem Zusammenhang nicht nur Produktivitätsvorteile, sondern steigert auch die Kundenzufriedenheit und macht Unternehmen agiler und widerstandsfähiger gegenüber Krisen. Eine zentrale Rolle spielt dabei die Anwendung von Big Data Analytics, jedoch bestehen derzeit erhebliche Forschungsbedarfe, um genauer zu ergründen, wie Big Data Analytics systematisch in Innovationsökosystemen genutzt werden können. Zum einen herrscht ein Mangel an Forschung über die strategischen Beiträge von Big Data Analytics für Innovation, insbesondere im Kontext des Zusammenwirkens verschiedener Akteure. Zum anderen liegt der Fokus bestehender Forschungsarbeiten oft nur auf Teilaspekten der Anwendung von Big Data Analytics und vernachlässigt umfassendere Betrachtungen, aus einer Ökosystem-Perspektive heraus. Für die Praxis liegen die primären Hürden dabei häufig nicht in der Technologie selbst, sondern in deren Adaption innerhalb der wertschöpfenden Strukturen von Unternehmen. Diese Dissertation zielt darauf ab, diese Lücke zu schließen und untersucht die systematische Anwendung von Big Data Analytics in Innovationsökosystemen und nutzt dafür einen Design-Science-Research-Ansatz als übergeordnete Forschungsmethode. Im Dachbeitrag und in den Einzelbeiträgen des kumulativen Dissertationsvorhabens wird dafür gestaltungsorientierte Forschung angewendet, um theoretische Erkenntnisse direkt in die praktische Gestaltung und Entwicklung von Lösungen zu integrieren. Im Ergebnis liefert die Dissertation einen übergeordneten Ordnungsrahmen für die Anwendung von Big Data Analytics in Innovationsökosystemen, der die gesammelten Erkenntnisse aus dem Forschungsprojekt CODIFeY und den Einzelbeiträgen integriert. Damit trägt die Dissertation über den entwickelten Ordnungsrahmen und die IT-Artefakte der Einzelbeiträge dazu bei, ein besseres Verständnis für die strategische Nutzung digitaler Technologien zur Förderung von Innovation und Wettbewerbsvorteilen zu erreichen, was sowohl wissenschaftlich als auch praktisch einen Mehrwert bietet.:Danksagung i Einzelbeiträge iii Inhaltsverzeichnis iv Abkürzungsverzeichnis x Abbildungsverzeichnis xii Tabellenverzeichnis xiv Kurzzusammenfassung 1 Abstract 2 I. Dachbeitrag 3 1 Einleitung 3 1.1 Motivation 3 1.2 Problem- und Fragestellung 5 1.3 Zielstellung 8 1.4 Aufbau des Dachbeitrags 9 2 Forschungsansatz 11 2.1 Wissenschaftstheoretische Grundpositionierung 11 2.2 Forschungsmethode 12 2.2.1 Design Science Research als übergeordnetes Forschungsparadigma 12 2.2.2 Das Projekt Community-basierte Dienstleistungs-Innovation für e-Mobility 14 2.2.3 Aufbau des kumulativen Dissertationsvorhabens 17 3 Stand der Wissenschaft und Forschung 24 3.1 Big Data Analytics 24 3.2 Datengetriebene Innovation 25 3.3 Innovationsökosysteme aus der Perspektive der Service Dominant Logic 27 4 Gestaltung eines Ordnungsrahmens für die Anwendung von Big Data Analytics in Innovationsökosystemen 30 4.1 Das Modell eines Innovationsökosystems aus Sicht der Service Dominant Logic 30 4.2 Ableitung der Dimensionen des Ordnungsrahmens für die Anwendung von Big Data Analytics in Innovationsökosystemen 35 5 Eine Systematisierung von Anwendungsfällen von Big Data Analytics in Innovationsökosystemen 39 5.1 Big Data Analytics als Mittel für Innovation 39 5.2 Big Data Analytics als Ergebnis von Innovation 44 5.3 Demonstration & Evaluation des Ordnungsrahmens 50 6 Fazit 52 II. Research Papers of the Dissertation 55 Paper A – Capturing the Bigger Picture? Applying Text Analytics to Foster Open Innovation 55 A1 Introduction 57 A2 Background and Terminology 60 A2.1 Complexities of Sustainability-Oriented Innovation 60 A2.2 Open Innovation as an Instrument for Participation 62 A2.3 Sustainable-Oriented Innovation and Open Innovation 64 A2.4 Silent Stakeholders 67 A2.5 Research Focus: Text Analytics in Direct Search Methods for Sustainability-Oriented Innovation 69 A3 Action Research Study 72 A3.1 Description of the Action Research Cycle 72 A3.2 Diagnosing the Project Background 73 A3.3 Action Planning and Taking—Application of Text Analytics 77 A4 Results 82 A4.1 Findings from the Overall Discourse Analysis 82 A4.2 Findings from Zooming into Single Topics 84 A4.3 Applicability in the Innovation Process for the Label Development 85 A5 Discussion 87 A6 Implications and Conclusions 88 Paper B – What the Hack? – Towards a Taxonomy of Hackathons 92 B1 Introduction 93 B2 A Process-centric Perspective on Open Innovation and Hackathons 95 B3 Research Approach 97 B3.1 Taxonomy Development 97 B3.2 Literature Review 98 B4 A Taxonomy of Hackathons 101 B4.1 Overview of the Taxonomy 101 B4.2 Strategic Design Decisions 102 B4.3 Operational Design Decisions 104 B5 Discussion 107 B6 Conclusion 109 Paper C – Combining Open Innovation and Knowledge Management in Communities of Practice - An Analytics Driven Approach 110 C1 Introduction 111 C2 Foundations 113 C2.1 Knowledge Management and Innovation 113 C2.2 Communities of Practice 114 C2.3 Analytics domains 114 C3 Research Methodology 117 C4 Conceptual Framework for the Integration of Open Innovation and Knowledge Management 118 C4.1 Conceptual Data Model 119 C5 Implementation & Evaluation of a Pilot Project 122 C5.1 The Research Project CODIFeY 122 C5.2 Evaluation and Preliminary Findings 124 C6 Conclusions 126 Paper D – Entwicklung eines Analytics Framework für virtuelle Communities of Practice 127 D1 Einführung 128 D2 Grundlagen 130 D2.1 Communities of Practice 130 D2.2 Analytics 131 D2.3 Design eines Analytics Frameworks für Communities of Practice 132 D3 Demonstration und Evaluation im Projekt CODIFeY 136 D4 Fazit 138 Paper E – Teaching Data Driven Innovation – Facing a Challenge for Higher Education 139 E1 Introduction 140 E2 Foundations and Theoretical Underpinning 142 E2.1 Data Driven Innovation 142 E2.2 Teaching Data-Driven Innovation 142 E2.3 Pedagogical Approach 143 E3 Research Method 145 E3.1 General Morphological Analysis 145 E3.2 Data Collection and Empirical Analysis 146 E4 Design of the Morphological Box 148 E4.1 Teaching Method 148 E4.2 Course Setting 149 E4.3 Course Content 149 E4.4 Innovation Approach 150 E4.5 Morphological Box for Teaching Data Driven Innovation 151 E5 Teaching Cases 153 E5.1 Case A: Data Driven Value Generation for the Internet of Things 153 E5.2 Case B: Data Driven Innovation Project in the Field of E-mobility 154 E6 Conclusion 156 Paper F – Cross-Disciplinary Collaboration for Designing Data-Driven Products and Services 157 F1 Introduction 158 F2 Foundations and Theoretical Background 161 F2.1 Data Literacy as a Foundation for the Design of Data-Driven Product and Services 161 F2.2 Collaborative Processes and Knowledge Transfer 162 F2.3 Knowledge Boundaries 162 F2.4 Boundary Objects 163 F2.5 Boundary Objects for Collaboration Processes and Knowledge Integration 164 F3 Research Approach 166 F4 Design of the Data Vignette 169 F4.1 Thematic View 169 F4.2 Structural View 173 F5 Evaluation of the Artifact 178 F5.1 Artificial Evaluation Using the Guidelines of Modelling 178 F5.2 Application of the DV - A First Pilot 179 F6 Conclusion 182 Paper G – Towards the Development of a Typology of Big Data Analytics in Innovation Ecosystems 184 G1 Introduction 185 G2 Foundations 187 G2.1 The Role of Technology for Innovation Ecosystems 187 G2.2 Big Data Analytics in Innovation Ecosystems 188 G3 Research Approach 189 G4 Towards a Typology of Big Data Analytics in Innovation Ecosystems 190 G5 Further research 192 Paper H – Hackathons als Gestaltungswerkzeug für plattform-basierte digitale Ökosysteme 193 H1 Einleitung 194 H2 Grundlagen 196 H2.1 Plattform-basierte digitale Ökosysteme 196 H2.2 Hackathons als Gestaltungswerkzeug 197 H3 Forschungsmethode 199 H4 Hackathons für die Gestaltung plattform-basierter Ökosysteme 202 H4.1 Markt-orientierte Plattform-Hackathons 202 H4.2 Technologie-orientierte Plattform-Hackathons 204 H5 Fazit 206 Literaturverzeichnis xv Anhang li Anhang 1 li / In the digital age, the ability to innovate and the efficient adoption of digital technologies are crucial for companies to gain competitive advantages. The use of digital technologies for innovation promises not only productivity gains but also increases customer satisfaction and makes companies more agile and resilient to crises. The focus here is on the application of big data analytics, but there is currently still a considerable need for research to understand how big data analytics can be used systematically in innovation ecosystems. On the one hand, there is a lack of research on the strategic contributions of big data analytics to innovation, particularly in the context of the interaction of various actors. On the other hand, the focus of existing research often only addresses partial aspects of the application of big data analytics and neglects broader considerations from an ecosystem perspective. For practice, the primary hurdles often lie not in the technology itself but in its adaptation within the value-creating structures of companies. This dissertation aims to close this gap and examines the systematic application of big data analytics in innovation ecosystems, using a design science research approach as the overarching research method. In the summary and in the individual papers of the cumulative dissertation project, design-oriented research is used to integrate theoretical insights directly into the practical design and development of solutions. As a result, the dissertation provides an overarching framework for the application of big data analytics in innovation ecosystems, integrating the insights gathered from the CODIFeY research project and the individual contributions. The dissertation on the developed framework and the IT artifacts of the individual contributions contributes to a better understanding of the strategic use of digital technologies to promote innovation and competitive advantages, which offers added value both scientifically and practically.:Danksagung i Einzelbeiträge iii Inhaltsverzeichnis iv Abkürzungsverzeichnis x Abbildungsverzeichnis xii Tabellenverzeichnis xiv Kurzzusammenfassung 1 Abstract 2 I. Dachbeitrag 3 1 Einleitung 3 1.1 Motivation 3 1.2 Problem- und Fragestellung 5 1.3 Zielstellung 8 1.4 Aufbau des Dachbeitrags 9 2 Forschungsansatz 11 2.1 Wissenschaftstheoretische Grundpositionierung 11 2.2 Forschungsmethode 12 2.2.1 Design Science Research als übergeordnetes Forschungsparadigma 12 2.2.2 Das Projekt Community-basierte Dienstleistungs-Innovation für e-Mobility 14 2.2.3 Aufbau des kumulativen Dissertationsvorhabens 17 3 Stand der Wissenschaft und Forschung 24 3.1 Big Data Analytics 24 3.2 Datengetriebene Innovation 25 3.3 Innovationsökosysteme aus der Perspektive der Service Dominant Logic 27 4 Gestaltung eines Ordnungsrahmens für die Anwendung von Big Data Analytics in Innovationsökosystemen 30 4.1 Das Modell eines Innovationsökosystems aus Sicht der Service Dominant Logic 30 4.2 Ableitung der Dimensionen des Ordnungsrahmens für die Anwendung von Big Data Analytics in Innovationsökosystemen 35 5 Eine Systematisierung von Anwendungsfällen von Big Data Analytics in Innovationsökosystemen 39 5.1 Big Data Analytics als Mittel für Innovation 39 5.2 Big Data Analytics als Ergebnis von Innovation 44 5.3 Demonstration & Evaluation des Ordnungsrahmens 50 6 Fazit 52 II. Research Papers of the Dissertation 55 Paper A – Capturing the Bigger Picture? Applying Text Analytics to Foster Open Innovation 55 A1 Introduction 57 A2 Background and Terminology 60 A2.1 Complexities of Sustainability-Oriented Innovation 60 A2.2 Open Innovation as an Instrument for Participation 62 A2.3 Sustainable-Oriented Innovation and Open Innovation 64 A2.4 Silent Stakeholders 67 A2.5 Research Focus: Text Analytics in Direct Search Methods for Sustainability-Oriented Innovation 69 A3 Action Research Study 72 A3.1 Description of the Action Research Cycle 72 A3.2 Diagnosing the Project Background 73 A3.3 Action Planning and Taking—Application of Text Analytics 77 A4 Results 82 A4.1 Findings from the Overall Discourse Analysis 82 A4.2 Findings from Zooming into Single Topics 84 A4.3 Applicability in the Innovation Process for the Label Development 85 A5 Discussion 87 A6 Implications and Conclusions 88 Paper B – What the Hack? – Towards a Taxonomy of Hackathons 92 B1 Introduction 93 B2 A Process-centric Perspective on Open Innovation and Hackathons 95 B3 Research Approach 97 B3.1 Taxonomy Development 97 B3.2 Literature Review 98 B4 A Taxonomy of Hackathons 101 B4.1 Overview of the Taxonomy 101 B4.2 Strategic Design Decisions 102 B4.3 Operational Design Decisions 104 B5 Discussion 107 B6 Conclusion 109 Paper C – Combining Open Innovation and Knowledge Management in Communities of Practice - An Analytics Driven Approach 110 C1 Introduction 111 C2 Foundations 113 C2.1 Knowledge Management and Innovation 113 C2.2 Communities of Practice 114 C2.3 Analytics domains 114 C3 Research Methodology 117 C4 Conceptual Framework for the Integration of Open Innovation and Knowledge Management 118 C4.1 Conceptual Data Model 119 C5 Implementation & Evaluation of a Pilot Project 122 C5.1 The Research Project CODIFeY 122 C5.2 Evaluation and Preliminary Findings 124 C6 Conclusions 126 Paper D – Entwicklung eines Analytics Framework für virtuelle Communities of Practice 127 D1 Einführung 128 D2 Grundlagen 130 D2.1 Communities of Practice 130 D2.2 Analytics 131 D2.3 Design eines Analytics Frameworks für Communities of Practice 132 D3 Demonstration und Evaluation im Projekt CODIFeY 136 D4 Fazit 138 Paper E – Teaching Data Driven Innovation – Facing a Challenge for Higher Education 139 E1 Introduction 140 E2 Foundations and Theoretical Underpinning 142 E2.1 Data Driven Innovation 142 E2.2 Teaching Data-Driven Innovation 142 E2.3 Pedagogical Approach 143 E3 Research Method 145 E3.1 General Morphological Analysis 145 E3.2 Data Collection and Empirical Analysis 146 E4 Design of the Morphological Box 148 E4.1 Teaching Method 148 E4.2 Course Setting 149 E4.3 Course Content 149 E4.4 Innovation Approach 150 E4.5 Morphological Box for Teaching Data Driven Innovation 151 E5 Teaching Cases 153 E5.1 Case A: Data Driven Value Generation for the Internet of Things 153 E5.2 Case B: Data Driven Innovation Project in the Field of E-mobility 154 E6 Conclusion 156 Paper F – Cross-Disciplinary Collaboration for Designing Data-Driven Products and Services 157 F1 Introduction 158 F2 Foundations and Theoretical Background 161 F2.1 Data Literacy as a Foundation for the Design of Data-Driven Product and Services 161 F2.2 Collaborative Processes and Knowledge Transfer 162 F2.3 Knowledge Boundaries 162 F2.4 Boundary Objects 163 F2.5 Boundary Objects for Collaboration Processes and Knowledge Integration 164 F3 Research Approach 166 F4 Design of the Data Vignette 169 F4.1 Thematic View 169 F4.2 Structural View 173 F5 Evaluation of the Artifact 178 F5.1 Artificial Evaluation Using the Guidelines of Modelling 178 F5.2 Application of the DV - A First Pilot 179 F6 Conclusion 182 Paper G – Towards the Development of a Typology of Big Data Analytics in Innovation Ecosystems 184 G1 Introduction 185 G2 Foundations 187 G2.1 The Role of Technology for Innovation Ecosystems 187 G2.2 Big Data Analytics in Innovation Ecosystems 188 G3 Research Approach 189 G4 Towards a Typology of Big Data Analytics in Innovation Ecosystems 190 G5 Further research 192 Paper H – Hackathons als Gestaltungswerkzeug für plattform-basierte digitale Ökosysteme 193 H1 Einleitung 194 H2 Grundlagen 196 H2.1 Plattform-basierte digitale Ökosysteme 196 H2.2 Hackathons als Gestaltungswerkzeug 197 H3 Forschungsmethode 199 H4 Hackathons für die Gestaltung plattform-basierter Ökosysteme 202 H4.1 Markt-orientierte Plattform-Hackathons 202 H4.2 Technologie-orientierte Plattform-Hackathons 204 H5 Fazit 206 Literaturverzeichnis xv Anhang li Anhang 1 li

Empresas de manufatura tradicionalmente concentram os seus esforços em concepção, desenvolvimento, fabricação e comercialização de produtos físicos. No entanto, alguns fabricantes têm alterado suas estratégias de negócio, complementando a venda de produtos com o fornecimento de serviços, incorporando conhecimentos e atividades associados ao seu uso, e gerando maior percepção de valor por parte dos seus clientes. Com isso, a competição estratégica por meio de serviços tem se tornado uma marca distintiva das empresas de manufatura inovadoras, proporcionando à empresa um meio robusto para proteger o seu mercado dos concorrentes. Assim, observa-se um interesse crescente em pesquisas sobre o papel dos serviços para sustentar a competitividade da indústria. Abordagens orientadas a serviço, que incorporam esta mudança de foco do negócio, da oferta de produtos isolados para soluções integradas, têm sido tratadas na comunidade acadêmica como servitização, e tipicamente acarretam inovações no modelo de negócios (MN) da empresa. O objetivo deste trabalho é investigar como as empresas podem promover inovações em seus MNs para suportar suas estratégias de servitização, e propor um conjunto de artefatos para apoiá-las na implantação destas estratégias, a partir do seguinte problema de pesquisa: \"Como inovar o MN de uma empresa que adota a estratégia de servitização?\", que se desdobra nas seguintes questões: (i) quais são os principais fatores motivadores para uma empresa adotar a estratégia de servitização?; (ii) como representar o MN de uma empresa incorporando a lógica dominante de serviço, mais adequada para servitização?; (iii) como inovar o MN de uma empresa para implantar sua estratégia de servitização?; e (iv) como aplicar os artefatos propostos para apoiar a implantação da estratégia de servitização em uma empresa? Realiza-se uma pesquisa de natureza exploratória e prescritiva, baseada no método design scienceresearche amparada por uma revisão sistemática da literatura sobre os temas correlatos, visando propor artefatos em resposta às questões colocadas. A demonstração de um dos artefatos propostos é feita com suporte de um estudo de caso em uma empresa multinacional, fabricante de equipamentos médicos, seguida por uma avaliação empírica desta demonstração, suportada pelo método thinkingaloud. A partir das quatro questões de pesquisa, são obtidos os seguintes resultados: (i) identificação, análise e categorização dos principais fatores motivadores para adoção da servitização; (ii) proposição de uma arquitetura de MN incorporando a lógica dominante de serviço, para facilitar o estudo da servitização; (iii) proposição de um processo de inovação do MN da empresa, para implantar a servitização. e (iv) demonstração e avaliação da arquitetura proposta de MN para servitização. A pesquisa oferece contribuições à literatura de MN e servitização, e aos gestores de empresas, propondo os artefatos canvas do modelo de negócios para servitização (CMNS) e o processo IPIDI para inovação do MN para servitização, além de contribuições metodológicas relativas a design scienceresearch e thinking aloud. / Manufacturing companies traditionally are focused on designing, developing, manufacturing and marketing physical products. However, some manufacturers are changing their business strategies, complementing the sale of products by providing services, adding knowledge and activities associated with their use, and creating a higher perception of value by their customers.Strategic competition through service delivery has become a hallmark of the innovative manufacturing companies, providing the companies with a robust means to protect their market from competitors. Thus, there is a growing interest in researching the role of services in sustaining the competitiveness of manufacturing industry.Service-oriented approaches, which incorporate this shift in business\' focus from offering isolated products, to proposing integrated solutions, have been addressed in the literature as servitization, and typically entail innovations in the company\'s business model (BM). The goal of this research is investigating how companies can promote transformations in their BMs to support their servitization strategies, and proposing a set of artifacts to support them in the implementation of these strategies, since the following research problem: \"How to innovate the BM of a company which adopts the servitization strategy? \", which unfolds in the following questions: (i) what are the main motivating factors for a company to adopt the servitization strategy?; (ii) how to represent the BM of a company incorporating the service-dominant logic, more suitable for servitization?; (iii) how to innovate a company\'s BM to implement its servitization strategy ?; and (iv) how to apply the proposed artifacts to support the implementation of the servitization strategy in a company? An exploratory and prescriptive research is carried out, based on the design science research methodology, and supported by a systematic literature review on the related subjects, aiming at proposing artifacts in response to the questions posed. The demonstration of the proposed artifacts is done by means of a case study in a multinational company, which manufactures medical devices, followed by an assessment of this demonstration, supported by the thinking aloud method. From the four research questions, the following results are obtained: (i) identification, analysis and categorization of the main motivating factors for servitization adoption; (ii) proposing a BM architecture according to the service-dominant logic, to help the servitization study; (iii) proposing an innovation process for the company\'s BM, to implement the servitization; and (iv) demonstration and assessment of the proposed BM architecture for servitization. The research offers contributions to the literature of BM and servitization, and to practitioners, proposing the artifacts business model canvas for servitization (BMCS) and the IPIDI process for innovation of BM for servitization, besides some methodological contributions related to design science research and thinking aloud.