L'estimation de la pose humaine et la reconnaissance des activités humaines sont des étapes importantes dans de nombreuses applications comme la robotique, la surveillance et la sécurité, etc. Actuellement abordées dans le domaine, ces tâches ne sont toujours pas résolues dans des environnements non-coopératifs particulièrement. Ces tâches admettent de divers défis comme l'occlusion, les variations des vêtements, etc. Les méthodes qui exploitent des images de profondeur ont l’avantage concernant les défis liés à l'arrière-plan et à l'apparence, pourtant, l’application est limitée pour des raisons matérielles. Dans un premier temps, nous nous sommes concentrés sur la reconnaissance des actions complexes depuis des vidéos. Pour ceci, nous avons introduit une représentation spatio-temporelle indépendante du point de vue. Plus précisément, nous avons capturé le mouvement de la personne en utilisant un capteur de profondeur et l'avons encodé en 3D pour le représenter. Un descripteur 3D a ensuite été utilisé pour la classification des séquences avec la méthodologie bag-of-words. Pour la deuxième partie, notre objectif était l'estimation de pose articulée, qui est souvent une étape intermédiaire pour la reconnaissance de l'activité. Notre motivation était d'incorporer des informations à partir de capteurs multiples et de les fusionner pour surmonter le problème de l'auto-occlusion. Ainsi, nous avons proposé un modèle de flexible mixtures-of-parts multi-vues inspiré par la méthodologie classique de structure pictural. Nous avons démontré que les contraintes géométriques et les paramètres de cohérence d'apparence sont efficaces pour renforcer la cohérence entre les points de vue, aussi que les paramètres classiques. Finalement, nous avons évalué ces nouvelles méthodes sur des datasets publics, qui vérifie que l'utilisation de représentations indépendantes de la vue et l'intégration d'informations à partir de points de vue multiples améliore la performance pour les tâches ciblées dans le cadre de cette manuscrit. / Estimating human pose and recognizing human activities are important steps in many applications, such as human computer interfaces (HCI), health care, smart conferencing, robotics, security surveillance etc. Despite the ongoing effort in the domain, these tasks remained unsolved in unconstrained and non cooperative environments in particular. Pose estimation and activity recognition face many challenges under these conditions such as occlusion or self occlusion, variations in clothing, background clutter, deformable nature of human body and diversity of human behaviors during activities. Using depth imagery has been a popular solution to address appearance and background related challenges, but it has restricted application area due to its hardware limitations and fails to handle remaining problems. Specifically, we considered action recognition scenarios where the position of the recording device is not fixed, and consequently require a method which is not affected by the viewpoint. As a second prob- lem, we tackled the human pose estimation task in particular settings where multiple visual sensors are available and allowed to collaborate. In this thesis, we addressed these two related problems separately. In the first part, we focused on indoor action recognition from videos and we consider complex ac- tivities. To this end, we explored several methodologies and eventually introduced a 3D spatio-temporal representation for a video sequence that is viewpoint independent. More specifically, we captured the movement of the person over time using depth sensor and we encoded it in 3D to represent the performed action with a single structure. A 3D feature descriptor was employed afterwards to build a codebook and classify the actions with the bag-of-words approach. As for the second part, we concentrated on articulated pose estimation, which is often an intermediate step for activity recognition. Our motivation was to incorporate information from multiple sources and views and fuse them early in the pipeline to overcome the problem of self-occlusion, and eventually obtain robust estimations. To achieve this, we proposed a multi-view flexible mixture of parts model inspired by the classical pictorial structures methodology. In addition to the single-view appearance of the human body and its kinematic priors, we demonstrated that geometrical constraints and appearance- consistency parameters are effective for boosting the coherence between the viewpoints in a multi-view setting. Both methods that we proposed was evaluated on public benchmarks and showed that the use of view-independent representations and integrating information from multiple viewpoints improves the performance of action recognition and pose estimation tasks, respectively.

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo a pesquisa psicanalítica do imaginário da mulher contemporânea sobre a experiência amorosa feminina. Estabelece, metodologicamente, um enquadre investigativo diferenciado a partir de um uso paradigmático do Jogo do Rabisco de D. W. Winnicott, que permite a concepção de um conjunto de pranchas figurativas de situações cotidianas. O diálogo entre a pesquisadora e a pessoalidade coletiva Mulher realiza-se pela abordagem de duas entrevistadas. As narrativas emergentes, onde se entrelaçam histórias inventadas e lembranças pessoais, favoreceram a criação/encontro de um campo psicológico não consciente. Neste campo se evidencia que, em certas modalidades de vínculo, formas regredidas de dependência emocional são mascaradas por manifestações amorosas e eróticas. Em termos do imaginário coletivo da atualidade, esta perspectiva torna possível entender que a exaltação do sofrimento amoroso da mulher acoberta o não reconhecimento de dificuldades existenciais vinculadas a aspectos de self não plenamente realizados. / The object of the current work is the psychoanalytic study of the feminine loving experience held within the imagery of contemporary women. It methodologically establishes a differentiated investigative setting from the paradigmatic use of the Squiggle Game by D. W. Winnicott, which allows the making of a set of cards depicting daily life situations. The dialogue between the researcher and the persona of the collective Woman is developed along two separate interviews. The emerging narratives, where made up stories and personal memories are entwined, favored the creation/encounter of a non-conscious psychological field. This field made it clear that in some kinds of links, regressed ways of emotional dependence are masked by loving and erotic demonstrations. In terms of the collective imagery of the present days, this point of view makes it possible to understand that the exaltation of women’s love related suffering, covers up the not acknowledged existential difficulties related to aspects of the self which have not been totally fulfilled.

Estudos publicados a partir da década de 60 evidenciam o potencial terapêutico da participação de animais de estimação em situações clínicas. Desde então, as pesquisas e as práticas das denominadas Terapia Assistida por Animais (TAA) e Atividade Assistida por Animais (AAA) estão em amplo crescimento. A presente pesquisa analisa 12 registros filmados dos encontros realizados a partir da parceria entre uma escola de educação especial e um canil. Os encontros aconteciam num sítio, a freqüência era semanal e os horários eram fixos. Participaram quatro adolescentes com síndrome de Down. A narrativa dos encontros entre esses adolescentes e cães numa situação estabelecida tem por objetivo a elaboração de uma reflexão teórica cujo propósito é considerar o uso de um enquadre diferenciado que inclui a presença do cão como recurso. A lente sob a qual tais fenômenos são analisados e compreendidos é a psicanálise de D. W. Winnicott. A investigação psicológica dos encontros evidencia a necessidade de levar em consideração o contexto humano oferecido pelos profissionais e as relações interpessoais estabelecidas. Pode-se observar que a maneira de se relacionar com o animal apresenta-se qualitativamente diferente das relações essencialmente humanas e das com objetos inanimados. Destacando a complexidade dos fenômenos observados entre as pessoas e os animais, percebeu-se que os cachorros interagiam com as pessoas não a partir das intenções ou sentimentos destas, ou ainda por meio de um discurso representativo: o cão reagia ao fato, ao comportamento humano, a comunicação ocorria de forma não-verbal. Outra possível função dos cachorros foi a de despertar diferentes aspectos do self, manifestados pelos adolescentes em suas atitudes, ações e verbalizações, facilitando a expressão de sentimentos. A análise também revela que a maneira de ser do cachorro – através de suas ações de atender ou não aos comandos, de se deixar manipular ou não, de ser uma presença constante e segura, de ter uma inteireza e continuidade de ser – sugere a emergência de maior espontaneidade por parte dos adolescentes. Por fim, são tecidas reflexões teóricas que sustentam a possibilidade de uma clínica winnicottiana com enquadre diferenciado que inclui o cachorro como recurso. / Studies that have been published since the 1960s suggest the therapeutical potential of the use of pets in clinical situations. The research on and the practice of the called Animal Assisted Therapy (AAT) and Animal Assisted Activity (AAA) have become more and more popular ever since. The present research analyses 12 filmed meetings that aim at promoting such interaction between dogs and four adolescents with Down Syndrome, carried out by a special education school and a kennel. These weekly meetings took place in a small farm and had been previously scheduled, always at the same time. The description of these meetings between the adolescents and the dogs in an arranged situation aims at elaborating a theoretical reflection which has the objective of taking into account the use of a differentiated setting that involves the presence of the dog as a resource. The lens under which such phenomena are analysed and understood is the W.D.Winnicott psychoanalysis. The psychological investigation of the meetings explicits the need to take the human context offered by the professionals and the interpersonal relationships that take place into account. It is clear to notice that the way the adolescents relate to the animals is qualitatively different from the way they do in exclusively human relationships or even in their relationships with inanimate objects. It’s important to highlight that, among other complex phenomena that we observe in the relationship between people and animals, the communication between them is non-verbal: the dogs react to the human behaviour and not to their intentions, feelings or discourse. Also, the dogs have an important role in awakening different aspects of the self, acted out by the adolescents in their attitudes and speech, which makes the expression of their feelings easier. The analysis also shows that the dog’s behaviour– – whether or not responding to the commands of the adolescents, permitting or not being handled by them, of being a constant and safe presence, as well as its wholeness and continuity of being - suggests the emergence of more room for the adolescents’ spontaneity. Finally, some reflections that support the possibility of a winnicottian clinic with a differentiated setting that have the dog as a resource are presented.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T18:23:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Daniela Viana Araujo de Oliveira.pdf: 773835 bytes, checksum: 549ce7936e9ebcf223982c4eacd50f76 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-09-11 / Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo / This research has begun from experiences with students of a public school in São Paulo. At the beginning, it was focused on the social and digital inclusion of those students through reading practices in English, in digital settings. Those practices have happened during computer mediated classes, in the computer laboratory of the school. However, many contextual factors make it impracticable to collect data through those practices, leading to change face-to-face settings to on-line ones. Changes in methodology and analysis were also necessary after that settings change. Thus, problems of different nature also came up, like the selection of participants, as an example. The objectives, then, have started to focus on the relationship between new reading practices in digital settings with interest and participation of students from that same school. Notwithstanding, the students selected as participants for the data collection were other students, different from those selected at the first moment. Many issues which needed to be reflected and worked upon the scope of education arose after those changes. The main issue is the need of specific preparation for teachers, in order to work with practices in digital settings. The data analysis revealed signs of better and more interest and participation of students within those new practices. Nevertheless, there is much to do in the public school: face old problems and work upon new proposals in order to guarantee a successful education / Esta pesquisa se iniciou a partir de experiências com alunos de uma escola pública da Rede Estadual de São Paulo. A princípio, seu foco era a inclusão digital e social desses alunos por meio de práticas de leitura em inglês em ambientes digitais. Essas práticas aconteceram em aulas presenciais mediadas por computador, no laboratório de informática da escola. No entanto, diversos fatores contextuais inviabilizaram a coleta de dados com o apoio dessas práticas, levando à migração de ambiente presencial para ambiente on-line. Mudanças de ordem metodológica e analítica se fizeram necessárias com essa migração de ambiente. Dessa forma, problemas de natureza diferente também surgiram, como a seleção dos participantes, por exemplo. Os objetivos, então, passaram a focalizar a relação de novas práticas de leitura em ambiente digital com o interesse e a participação dos alunos dessa mesma escola. Contudo, os alunos selecionados como participantes da coleta de dados eram outros, diferentes dos selecionados no primeiro momento. Muitas questões que precisam ser refletidas e trabalhadas no âmbito da educação foram levantadas a partir dessas mudanças. A principal delas é a necessidade de preparo específico de professores voltado às práticas em ambientes digitais. Os dados analisados revelam indícios de melhor e maior participação e interesse dos alunos com essas novas práticas. Porém há muito o que se fazer na escola pública: enfrentar velhos problemas e trabalhar novas propostas para garantir o sucesso da educação

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:29:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sueli Regina Gallo Belluzzo.pdf: 5629341 bytes, checksum: 40989d713633aed2844cc5ac37b42f19 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-16 / This research aims at investigating the collective imaginary of Psychology students on the first clinical care, which is usually at the beginning of a psychodiagnosis process. We believe that the pedagogical work in the context of the psychologist s academic development, is a complex process which articulates scientific knowledge transmission and changes in imaginative activity which we conceive, adopting the concrete Psychology s perspective of Jos? Bleger such as conducts. As a research strategy, the Thematic Story-Drawing Procedure was used as the organizer of a group interview to approach to collective personality. The narrative about the clinical event and story-drawing approach, produced through the psychoanalytical method, allowed for the apprehension of affective-emotional sense fields, according to which organizes the collective imaginary. Four fields were created/found, called "I came, I saw, I conquered", "I know that I know nothing", I survive and I ll save" and "I am and I do". Based on these fields, we see the outlines of a collective subject that will require assistance to start the clinic activity. Their fears, their anguish and their demands reveal suffering, but also clarity about the difficulty they will encounter in this task, besides the ability to play spontaneously and good-humored with his own omnipotence. / Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo investigar o imagin?rio coletivo de estudantes de Psicologia sobre o primeiro atendimento cl?nico, que usualmente consiste no in?cio de um processo psicodiagn?stico. Consideramos que o trabalho pedag?gico no contexto da forma??o do psic?logo ? um processo complexo que articula transmiss?o de conhecimentos cient?ficos com mudan?as na atividade imaginativa que concebemos, adotando a perspectiva da Psicologia concreta de Jos? Bleger, como condutas. Como estrat?gia investigativa, o Procedimento de Desenho-Est?ria com Tema foi utilizado como organizador de uma entrevista grupal para abordagem de pessoalidade coletiva. O registro do acontecer cl?nico foi realizado a partir dos desenhos-est?rias e de uma narrativa sobre a entrevista. O conjunto das produ??es foi psicanaliticamente considerado, em busca de capta??o de campos de sentido afetivo-emocional, segundo os quais se organiza o imagin?rio coletivo. Foram criados/encontrados quatro campos de sentido, denominados: vim, vi e venci , sei que n?o sei , sobrevivi e salvarei e sou e fa?o . Com base nesses campos, percebemos os contornos de um sujeito coletivo que necessitar? de aux?lio para iniciar a atividade cl?nica. Seus medos, suas ang?stias e suas exig?ncias revelam sofrimento, mas tamb?m lucidez sobre a dificuldade que encontrar?o nessa tarefa, al?m de capacidade de brincar espont?nea e bem humoradamente com a pr?pria onipot?ncia.

Pulse oximeters are low-cost, easy to use, and effective at detecting hypoxemia (low blood oxygen levels), a common complication of bronchiolitis, asthma, and pneumonia, the leading infectious cause of death in children worldwide. However, pulse oximeters are often unavailable in lowincome settings, and if available, often underused, yet little research investigates why. In this thesis, I examine pulse oximeter implementation in low-income settings, focusing on Kenyan hospitals as a case study, and using a mixed-methods approach. I conducted a systematic literature review, examining how pulse oximeter use with children at admission to hospital impacts health outcomes; I then conducted quantitative analyses of 28,000 children admitted to seven Kenyan hospitals to determine with which children pulse oximeters are used, and pulse oximetry's impact on treatment provision; these analyses informed the qualitative research component, for which I conducted interviews with 30 healthcare workers (HCWs) and staff in 14 Kenyan hospitals and employed theoretical frameworks to determine how HCWs decide whether to use pulse oximeters, and the barriers to pulse oximetry. I found that pulse oximeter use varies substantially between and within Kenyan hospitals over time. After adjusting for case-mix and signs of illness severity, HCWs were most likely to use pulse oximeters with children with a very high respiratory rate, indrawing and/or who were not alert; children who obtained a pulse oximeter reading were more likely to be prescribed oxygen than if a pulse oximeter was not used; and children with a reading below 90% were more likely to be prescribed oxygen than those with higher readings, suggesting that HCW decision-making is influenced by international and national guidelines. However, HCWs sometimes cannot use pulse oximeters when they intend to, because of insufficient pulse oximeter availability, largely due to inefficient and confusing procurement processes and repair delays. Furthermore, HCWs sometimes use pulse oximeters incorrectly or misinterpret their results, because of insufficient training. Pulse oximeter promotion programme planners can use the recommendations I provide to effectively target barriers to pulse oximeter uptake in low-income settings. Increased pulse oximetry implementation could enable early detection of hypoxemia, improving accurate diagnosis, and supporting prompt, effective treatment, which could help reduce mortality in children needing oxygen, in line with Sustainable Development Goal 3.

No description available.

No description available.

Nurse-Physician Communication Tools to Enhance use of Nursing Evidence-Based Protocols by Tochi Onyenwe Ubani MSN, Walden University, 2011 BSN, Chamberlain College of Nursing, 2009 Project Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Nursing Practice Walden University February 2015 In the current health care environment, consumers are demanding collaboration among clinicians even when traditional attitudes minimize nurses' input on the direction of clinical care. Compounding this problem is that nursing practices have not always been derived from randomized clinical trials, but instead from personal experiences. The purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions of nurses, physicians, and administrators on clinical protocols, including the use of nurse evidence-based practice (EBP) in practice settings. The study aimed at fostering clinical decisions anchored on shared knowledge, collegiate interactions, and emotions. A survey designed using nurse-physician communication tools was disseminated among a convenience sample of 50 nurses, 12 physicians, and 3 administrators. Content analysis was applied to survey responses. The findings revealed that effective communication between nurses, physicians, and administrators enhanced the use of nursing EBPs; these findings were used to generate the Nurse-Physician Communication Tools (NPCT) as a mechanism to enhance the translation of nursing EBP in clinical setting. The use of NPCT provided a mechanism for practice changes needed to improve clinical collaboration and enhance use of nursing EBPs in patient care.

Bakgrund: När en patient får en diagnos eller sjukdom kan vården vara inriktad på kurativ eller palliativ vård eller både och. Vård med kurativ inriktning syftar till att bota sjukdom medan palliativ vård syftar till att lindra den. Att vårda i transitionen kan vara komplext för sjuksköterskan vars uppgift är att stödja patienten genom hälsorelaterade transitioner. För att kunna göra det krävs en förtroendefull relation mellan patient och sjuksköterska samt tydliga riktlinjer för sjuksköterskan att förhålla sig till. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva sjuksköterskors upplevelse av att vårda patienter i övergången från kurativ till palliativ vård. Metod: Metoden som använts är en litteraturöversikt som syftar till att skapa en överblick över det valda kunskapsområdet. Resultatet har författarna baserat på elva vetenskapliga artiklar varav 10 var kvalitativa och en var kvantitativ. Artiklarna söktes fram i databaserna Cinahl Complete, Pubmed och Medline. Resultat: Resultatet presenteras utifrån tre huvudteman med tillkommande subteman. Huvudteman; Sjuksköterskan i transitionen, Sjuksköterskans förutsättningar att vårda i transitionen och Vårdmiljöns betydelse i transitionen. Diskussion: Utifrån Meleis transitionsteori diskuterade författarna resultatet som var relaterat till sjuksköterskors upplevelser av att vårda patienter i övergången från kurativ till palliativ vård på vårdavdelningar. Konsensusbegreppet miljö diskuteras även av författarna i resultatdiskussionen utifrån inre och yttre miljöomständigheter. / Background: When a patient's gets a diagnosis or a disease healthcare can be orientedon palliative or curative care. Curative aims to to cure disease, whilstpalliative care aims to alleviate. To care in the transition can be complexfor the nurse who’s aim is to support the patient through health relatedtransitions. That requires a trustful relationship between the patient andthe nurse and that the nurse has clear guidelines during the transition torelate to. To do so requires a relationship of trust between the patient andthe nurse, as well as clear guidelines for the nurse to relate to during thetransition. Aim: The aim was to highlight nurses´ experiences trough the transition fromcurative to palliative care. Method: The method was a literature review that aims to create an overview of thechosen field of knowledge. The authors created the result based on elevenscientific articles, ten were qualitative and one of them were qualitative.The articles were sought out in the databases Cinahl Complete, Pubmedand Medline. Results: The results were presented in three main themes with four additionalsubthemes. The main themes; The nurse in the transition, The nurseability to care in the transition and The meaning of the caringenvironment in the transition. Discussion: The authors have discussed the result from Meleis transitions theorywhich is related to nurse’s experiences from caring for patients in thetransition from curative to palliative care. The consensus definition ofenvironment is discussed in the result from internal and external carecircumstances.