Introduktion: Ohälsosamma matvanor är en av de största riskfaktorerna för ohälsa och förekommer oftare i socioekonomiskt svagare grupper. Tillgängligheten av livsmedel påverkar både vilka kostval vi gör och hur mycket vi konsumerar. Marknadsföring påverkar tillgängligheten och används för att styra konsumenternas livsmedelsval. För att främja hälsosamma val behövs stödjande miljöer med tillgängliga, prisvärda och hälsosamma livsmedel. Syfte: Syftet är att undersöka hur hälsosamma livsmedelsval har samband med konsumenters upplevelser av dagligvaruhandelns bidrag till stödjande miljöer för hälsosamma livsmedelsval. Metod: En kvantitativ tvärsnittsdesign tillämpades. Datainsamlingen skedde genom webbenkät vilken länkades till informanter via sociala medier. Deskriptiv analys användes samt positiv oddskvot för att belysa det salutogena perspektivet. Ett p-värde på <0,05 ansågs signifikant. Resultat: Respondenterna (n=346) var kvinnor och män över 21 år. Majoriteten var kvinnor i medelåldern, med högskole- eller universitetsexamen samt medelinkomst. Konsumenter som väljer hälsosamma livsmedel har samband med sinnesstämning, naturliga livsmedel och tillgänglighet. Slutsats: Det är viktigt att hälsofrämjande insatser riktas mot hela samhället och stärker medvetenheten om hälsosam kost. Då studien visade samband mellan konsumenters upplevelser av dagligvaruhandelns stödjande miljöer och hälsosamma livsmedelsval, bör hela livsmedelskedjan medvetandegöras om hur folkhälsan påverkas av stödjande miljöer. / Introduction: Unhealthy eating habits are one of the major risk factors för unhealth and occur more frequently in low socioeconomic areas. The availability of food affects both the dietary choices we make and how much we consume. Marketing affects accessibility and is used to guide consumers' food choices. In order to promote healthy choices, supportive environments with available, affordable and healthy foods are needed. Aim: The aim is to investigate how healthy food choices are linked to consumers' experiences of the grocery retailer's contribution to supportive environments for healthy food choices. Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional design was applied. Data was collected with a web survey. Descriptive analysis applied as well as logistic regression analysis and positive odds ratio was used to illustrate the salutogenic perspective. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant. Result: The respondents (n = 346) were women and men over 21 years. The majority were middle-aged women, with a college or university degree and middle income. There is an association between consumers who choose healthy foods and mood, natural foods and availability. Conclusion: It is important that health promotion efforts are directed at the entire society and strengthen the awareness of healthy eating. As the study showed a correlation between consumers' experiences of the grocery's supportive environments and healthy food choices, the entire food supply chain should be made aware of how public health is affected by supportive environments.

No description available.

Ayant comme activité l'épargne et/ou le crédit, les initiatives auxquelles notre étude s'intéresse forment le domaine des finances solidaires, ce dernier constituant un sous-ensemble de l'économie solidaire. L' objectif central a été de délimiter ce champ en France et au Brésil, en interrogeant le rôle joué par ces initiatives dans le développement de l’économie solidaire sur un territoire. Dans une approche socioéconomique, la question du rôle des finances solidaires au-delà de leur dimension financière suppose une compréhension élargie de l’économie basée sur la pensée de Karl Polanyi. À partir d'une démarche ethnographique, nous constatons que l'activité de financement solidaire, considérée de manière isolée, produit un impact relativement peu significatif, en termes de financement et de développement de l'économie solidaire. Pour comprendre les finances solidaires, il est nécessaire de rendre compte des dimensions économique, sociale et politique de leur action. / The initiatives to which this study focuses are in the field of solidarity economy. Having as activity savings and / or credit, they form the field of social finance . The main question of this research is the role of social finance in the development of initiatives of the solidarity economy. In a socio-economic approach, this question implies a broader understanding of the economy which is based on K . Polanyi conceptual framework. Using an ethnographic approach in two different countries – France and Brazil -, we are looking for understand the social and political dimensions of solidarity finance. / Tendo como atividade principal a poupança e/ou o crédito, as iniciativas que interessam ao nosso estudo formam o campo das finanças solidárias, o qual se inscreve no campo da economia solidária. O objetivo central do traballho foi delimitar as finanças solidárias no Brasil e na França, questionando o papel dessas iniciativas no desenvolvimento da economia solidária em um dado território. Numa perspectiva socioeconômica, a questão do papel das finanças solidárias para além da dimension financeira supõe uma compreensão ampliada da economia, a qual se baseia no pensamento de Karl Polanyi. A partir de um trabalho de campo etnográfico, constatamos que quando analisamos a atividade de financiamento solidário de maneira isolada, seu impacto, em termos de financiamento e de desenvolvimento da economia solidária, parece relativamente pouco importante. Para compreender seu papel, é preciso considerar as dimensões econômica,social e política dessas iniciativas.

Agricultural production has contributed over time to food security and rural economic development in developing countries particularly supporting the countryside. Evidence show that crop yields are declining in the Lower River Benue Basin of Nigeria. This study conducted a land use evaluation and suitability mapping for production of yam, cassava and also assessed the possible socioeconomic impediments that may hinder or enhance sustainable agricultural development in the Lower River Benue Basin. The study adopted physical assessments and socioeconomic approach coupled with mapping which incorporated processing of satellite imagery. Statistical methods were used to measure the status, trends, level of dispersion, and relationships between the variables of physical and socioeconomic parameters. Modelling techniques for determining potential impacts assessment, agricultural suitability index, adaptive capacity index, finally producing suitability maps. Geo-informatics processes were used to produce a digital elevation model, land use and land cover map, and normalised difference vegetation index map. The results were thematic maps, weighted percentages of attribute data, and suitability maps produced through weighted overlay. An intensive analysis of climatological data depicted a progressive intensity of rainfall, and a decreasing trend in the number of rain days; a gradual temperature rise; and high relative humidity during the planting season which is about 168 days. Laboratory analysis show that soils in the study area require fertility enhancement with inorganic fertilisers to encourage better crop yield. Results show that the Lower River Benue Basin is suitable for yam, cassava, and rice cultivation as classified on maps of suitable areas. Rice had the highest suitability percentages (38.30%). The study area was found to be moderately suitable for each of the crops examined by more than 40% for each crop. Cassava had the least suitability percentages (34.47%). Evidence suggests that agricultural development in the Lower River Benue Basin is under threat from potential impacts of climate variability and change, population growth, and infectious diseases. The agricultural suitability index of the study area regards the study area as suitable (70.5%) and the adaptive capacity index of the study area was moderate (50.83%), but it was found that serious attention need to be given to farm technology and infrastructure. Mitigation strategies and recommendations which are beneficial to the sustainable development of agriculture have been provided in line with the established characteristics of the Lower River Benue Basin. / Environmental Sciences / D. Phil. (Environmental Management)

No description available.