Submitted by RACHEL FERNANDA MATOS DOS SANTOS null (rachelfms@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-02-24T14:32:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO MESTRADO - versão final.pdf: 1871796 bytes, checksum: 1f325bfcf39325cb58fe82366e4ac6e4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Andreia Beatriz Pereira null (andreia.beatriz@franca.unesp.br) on 2018-02-26T23:40:48Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Santos_RFM_me_fran.pdf: 1871796 bytes, checksum: 1f325bfcf39325cb58fe82366e4ac6e4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-26T23:40:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Santos_RFM_me_fran.pdf: 1871796 bytes, checksum: 1f325bfcf39325cb58fe82366e4ac6e4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-23 / O presente estudo objetivou analisar as relações de poder e a violência escolar, a partir das relações estabelecidas entre professores e estudantes do Ensino Médio, em escolas estaduais de ensino médio de Ribeirão Preto/SP, a fim de verificar a percepção destes sujeitos escolares quanto ao fenômeno da violência, bem como estas se expressam no cotidiano escolar. A pesquisa utilizou-se do método crítico dialético e de uma abordagem qualitativa. Foi realizado um estudo de caráter exploratório descritivo, utilizando-se de pesquisas bibliográfica, documental e de campo. Os referenciais teóricos são autores como Bernard Charlot, Pierre Bourdieu, Vitor Henrique Paro, Octavio Ianni e Moacir Gadotti, que discutem as contradições existentes na sociedade capitalista e que são refletidas no campo educacional, sobretudo aquelas que se referem às relações de poder e à violência escolar, praticada através de atos ostensivos, mas também através da violência simbólica, a qual pretendeu-se dar maior visibilidade neste estudo. O cenário da pesquisa são duas escolas estaduais de Ensino Médio de Ribeirão Preto/SP, localizadas em regiões com diferentes índices de vulnerabilidade social, a fim de se realizar uma análise aproximativa entre elas, verificando os pontos de convergência e divergência. A coleta dos dados foi realizada a partir da utilização de registros escolares, pela aplicação de questionários aos estudantes e professores, como também pela observação não participante, em sala de aula. Com a realização desse estudo, busca-se contribuir para que educadores, estudantes, a comunidade escolar e pesquisadores da Educação reflitam acerca do tema e possam almejar possibilidades em relação ao seu enfrentamento. / The present study aimed to analyze power relations and school violence, based on the relationships established between teachers and high school students, in state secondary schools of Ribeirão Preto/SP, in order to verify the perception of these school subjects regarding violence phenomena, as well as how it is expressed in school everyday. The research utilized the critical dialectical method and a qualitative approach. A descriptive exploratory study was carried out, using bibliographical, documentary and field research. The theoretical references are authors such as Bernard Charlot, Pierre Bourdieu, Vitor Henrique Paro, Octavio Ianni and Moacir Gadotti, who discuss the contradictions existing in capitalist society and that are reflected in the educational field, especially those that refer to power relations and school violence, practiced through ostensible acts, but also through symbolic violence, which was intended to give greater visibility in this study. The research scenario is two state high schools of Ribeirão Preto/SP, located in regions with different social vulnerability indexes, in order to carry out an approximate analysis between them, verifying the convergence and divergence points. Data collection was done through the use of school records, application of questionnaires to students and teachers, as well as non-participant observation in the classroom. With the accomplishment of this study, it is tried to contribute so that educators, students, the school community and researchers of the Education reflect on the subject and they can envisage possibilities in relation to its confrontation

Este trabalho tem como proposta pensar os impactos da relação professor-aluno na inclusão escolar infantil. Com esse intuito, situamos esse encontro na dinâmica, cunhada pela psicanálise, quanto ao contato com a diferença. Considerando que algo desse funcionamento se expressa na linguagem, indagamo-nos: como o educador formula discursivamente sua interlocução com o educando? Qual lugar endereça à criança nesse discurso? Tomando essas perguntas como baliza, lançamos mão da realização de rodas de conversa em seis escolas, sendo uma privada e cinco públicas. Desses encontros participaram vinte educadoras: dezenove professoras e uma coordenadora, todas da Educação Infantil. Essa escuta nos permitiu, em primeiro lugar, atentar para um efeito de estranhamento causado pela criança inadaptada ao modelo escolar. Ademais, possibilitou percebermos haver, quanto a esse impacto, predominância de discursos delineados de modos a destinar o aluno ao lugar de objeto. Há, nesse sentido, resistência à inscrição da diferença na trama de registros que compõe o campo escolar, em função da manutenção de seu caráter ideal. Como consequência disso, encontramos que o sujeito é mantido à margem das significações escolares, ficando sua inclusão e, portanto, sua educação, comprometida. Por outro lado, deparamo-nos com dizeres que sinalizam dúvidas quanto ao modelo de ensino regular, que vislumbramos como brechas para sua revisão e consequente ressignificação. / This work has the purpose of thinking about the impacts of the teacher-student relationship in the infantile school inclusion. With that intent, we situate this meeting in the dynamics, created by psychoanalysis, as for the contact with the difference. Considering that something of this functioning is expressed in the language, we aks ourselves: how does the educator discursively formulates his interlocution with the student? Which place addresses to the child in this discourse? Taking those questions as a milestone, we make use of the realization of rounds of conversation in six schools, one of them being private and the other five communal. Twenty educators took part on those encounters: nineteen teachers and a coordinator, all of them from childrens education. This listening allowed us to, on the first place, pay attention to the strangeness caused by the child unadapted to the model of schooling. Moreover, it made possible to perceive, about this impact, a predominance of discourses outlined so that the student is destined to the place of object. There is, for that matter, resistance to the inscription of the difference on the weave of registers that composes the school field, due to the conservation of its ideal character. As a consequence of this, we found that the subject is maintained on the margins of schools significations, his inclusion and therefore his education, compromised. On the other hand, we come across sayings that point towards doubts regarding the regular model of education, that we envision as gaps to its revision and consequent redefinition.

Este trabalho aborda a problemática do câncer infantil sob a perspectiva do professor de ensino fundamental que experiencia o adoecimento de um de seus alunos. O câncer infantil não é mais considerado uma doença fatal, a cura é uma possibilidade bem frequente e a ênfase, atualmente, tem se voltado sobretudo para a qualidade de vida dos sobreviventes do tratamento. A escola ocupa um lugar privilegiado, na medida em que é determinante para a aprendizagem mas, principalmente, para a manutenção dos laços sociais da criança. A despeito do que recomendam as sociedades de Oncologia Pediátrica, a criança com câncer continua a ser afastada da escola no período do tratamento e o professor é apontado na literatura especializada como um dos principais agentes da reinserção escolar dessas crianças O modelo de investigação utilizado é o da pesquisa em psicanálise e o trabalho está dividido em três momentos: revisão bibliográfica sobre o tema, fundamentação teórica e a pesquisa de campo através de entrevistas. A condução das entrevistas e a análise dos resultados foram orientadas pela psicanálise através do referencial teórico de Freud e de Lacan. Foram entrevistados sete professores da rede pública e particular de ensino de escolas da grande São Paulo. O conceito de imaginário trazido por Lacan nos permitiu investigar tanto o impacto que pode produzir no professor o anúncio de adoecimento de um de seus alunos, como o efeito que pode produzir na criança o modo como o professor é afetado. Para contribuir com um espaço de reflexão, discutimos a perspectiva inclusiva de educação como um instrumento auxiliar na reinserção da criança, entendendo que a escola constitui, desde a época moderna, um dos pilares da infância / This thesis addresses the issue of childhood cancer as perceived by the elementary school teacher who discovers and experiences the progression of the disease in one of his students. Childhood cancer is not considered a fatal disease any longer and a cure is now a more frequent outcome. Thus, the emphasis nowadays has turned towards improving the quality of life post-treatment. In this context, the school is in a privileged position, as it is not only determinant to the childs learning process, but also to the maintenance of a network of social interactions and skills. Irrespective of the recommendations of pediatric oncology organizations, the child patient with cancer is often kept away from school during treatment. According to the specialized literature in this topic, the teacher is one of the main agents responsible for the reinsertion of the child back to school. The investigatory model used here is based on psychoanalysis research. The work is divided in three parts: a literature review on the topic, the establishment of a theoretical foundation and field work conducted through interviews. The interview procedure and the analysis of the results were performed according to established practices in psychoanalysis and guided through the theory of Freud and Lacan. Eight teachers from the Great São Paulo public and private school systems were interviewed. The concept of the imaginary, introduced by Lacan, has allowed us to investigate both the outcome on the teacher upon receiving news of his pupils illness as well as the effect that his reactions have on the child himself. To contribute with a reflection, we further discuss the perspective of an inclusive education as an auxiliary tool in the reinsertion process, understanding that the school constitutes, since the beginning of modern times, one of the pillars of childhood

Esta dissertação relata uma experiência pedagógica de aplicação de sequência didática em duas salas de aula do Ensino Fundamental II de uma escola pública municipal de São Paulo. A atividade foi voltada ao estudo da crônica, com foco no aspecto narrativo, numa perspectiva dialógica e interativa de ensino e aprendizagem, segundo as concepções de Bahkthin (1997), que conceitua os gêneros do discurso como tipos relativamente estáveis de enunciados. Para o autor: Todas as esferas da atividade humana, por mais variadas que sejam, estão sempre relacionadas com a utilização da língua que efetua-se em forma de enunciados (orais e escritos), concretos e únicos que emanam dos integrantes duma ou doutra esfera da atividade humana.. A partir de atividades de leitura e interpretação de crônicas, pretendeu-se levar os alunos a reconhecer, além das características do gênero, os elementos de coesão e sua importância para a organização e clareza do texto, orientando, assim, o processo autoral de produção textual. Também foi feita a prática de retextualização. Pelo seu caráter híbrido e flexível, as crônicas exerceram um papel motivador importante. A opção pelo trabalho com sequência didática propicia aos estudantes a possibilidade de apropriar-se dos sentidos do gênero abordado e dos mecanismos de funcionamento da linguagem. A esse respeito, Dolz, Noverraz e Schneuwly (2011) afirmam que a sequência didática contribui para desenvolver a capacidade comunicativa dos envolvidos no processo de ensino e aprendizagem pelo fato de propiciarem a criação de contextos reais de produção. Vale ressaltar o papel do professor que, mais do que um mediador, precisa ter uma postura de agente de letramento que, segundo Kleiman(2006), (...) no caso da escola, seria um promotor das capacidades e recursos de seus alunos e suas redes comunicativas. Para o trabalho de retextualização, seguiu-se a proposta de Oliveira (2005), sobretudo nas operações de divisão do texto em unidades de comunicação, adequação das palavras ao sistema ortográfico oficial, eliminação das repetições, introdução da pontuação detalhada, retomada do texto pela leitura. O resultado do trabalho foi positivo, uma vez que houve a adesão de boa parte dos alunos e um aprimoramento da escrita de vários deles. No entanto, cabe ressaltar que as produções textuais, pelas dificuldades individuais, situam-se entre a crônica propriamente dita e narrativas simples, com poucas nuances de humor, de crítica ou de reflexão, como seria de se esperar em uma crônica. Dado que os gêneros são relativamente estáveis, há espaço, também, para a instabilidade que se manifestou na produção dos alunos. / This paper describes a pedagogical experience of the didactic sequence application in two classrooms of public school in São Paulo. The objective of the activity was the study of the chronicle genre, focusing on its narrative aspects, a dialogical and interactive approach to teaching and learning, according to the concepts of Bahkthin (1997), which conceptualizes the speech genres as relatively stable types of utterances. For the author, \"All spheres of human activity, however varied they may be, are always related to the use of language\" that \"is made in the form of statements (oral and written), concrete and unique emanating from members of a or another sphere of human activity. \".From reading and interpretation activities of chronicles, it is our intention that the students recognize not only the genres characteristics, but also the cohesive devices and their importance to the organization and clarity of the text, thus facilitating the authorship process of textual production. There was also the practice of rewriting. Due to its hybrid and flexible nature, the chronicle played an important motivating role. The choice for working with a didactic sequence provides the students with the opportunity to internalize the senses of the addressed genre. In this regard, Dolz, Noverraz and Schneuwly (2004) state that the didactic sequence helps in the development of the communication skills of those involved in the teaching and learning process, because it encourages the creation of real contexts of production.It is noteworthy that the teacher\'s role, rather than that of a mediator, must be that of a literacy agent, whom, according to Kleiman, \"(...) in the school context, would be a promoter of the capacities and resources of their students and their communication networks \"(Kleiman, 2006: 82-83).The task of rewriting followed the guidelines of Oliveira (2005), majorly in the procedures of \"text division in communication units, suitability of words to the official spelling system, eliminating repetitions, the detailed introduction of punctuation, and the recovering of the text by reading.\" The result of the study was very positive, given the adherence of most students and a writing improvement of several of them. Their textual productions, however, due to individual difficulties, resulted in simple narratives, lacking the comic, critical or reflexive nuances, which characterize chronicles. Since the genres are relatively stable, there is room also for instability manifested in the production of students.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T13:48:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maristani Polidori Zamperetti_Dissertacao.pdf: 2715660 bytes, checksum: fba1bb78e03624f8c7196c33859c9f18 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-03-05 / The teacher-artist-researcher s personal experiences and the artistic process shared with primary school students constitute the initial motivation of this project work. Throughout a research-action in the field of teaching arts, students were oriented to produce self-portraits, portraits and tridimensional masks with drawings, paintings and gluing. Combined with personal files and narrative texts by the pupils, the artistic production was studied as elements of research. Class observation, field record notes and registered conversations were also as data for the research-action. The experience was rich in questioning and multiple in artistic manifestations, addressing the student himself and its daily life. The students revealed personal and collective stories of life and their experienced communicational process made the recuperation of the students relationship forms with their expressivity possible. The visual forms that appeared in this work came from their own interests and personal likes as well as mediatic influence, class and family inter-relationships, juvenile conflicts and imaginations and the need to pass their own limitations through fantasy and inventivity. The communicational-reflexive teaching provided the teacher-researcher moments of interlocution with the student s task, questioning, finding and learning of both parts in the creative process of inter-relations spaces. / As experiências pessoais da professora-artista-pesquisadora e o processo artístico vivenciado com alunos do ensino fundamental constituíram-se na motivação inicial desta pesquisa. Através de uma pesquisa-ação no ensino de Arte os alunos foram orientados para realização de auto-retratos, retratos e máscaras tridimensionais com desenhos, pinturas e colagens. Conjugadas a fichas pessoais e relatos escritos pelos alunos, as produções artísticas foram reunidas como elementos de pesquisa. Observações de aula, anotações em diários de campo e registros de conversas foram, também, utilizados como dados para a investigação-ação. A experiência mostrou-se rica em questionamentos e múltipla na abrangência de manifestações artísticas, remetendo-se ao próprio aluno e ao seu cotidiano. Os estudantes revelam histórias pessoais e coletivas de vida, e o processo comunicacional vivido possibilita a recuperação de formas de relação destes alunos com a sua expressividade. As formas visuais surgidas neste fazer emergiram de seus interesses e gostos pessoais, da influência midiática, das inter-relações no grupo e na família, dos conflitos juvenis, da imaginação e da necessidade de extrapolação de seus próprios limites através da fantasia e inventividade. O ensino comunicacional reflexivo proporcionou à professora-pesquisadora momentos de interlocução com o fazer do aluno, de questionamentos, descobertas e aprendizagens de ambos na criação de espaços inter-relacionais.

A l'étranger, nombre de travaux longitudinaux en psychologie de l'éducation montrent que la relation affective enseignant-élève (RAEE) est bénéfique tant à l'école (réussite, persévérance, comportement, etc.) qu'en dehors (baisse de dépression, anxiété, délinquance, etc.) (Fortin, Plante & Bradley, 2011). En revanche, ses déterminants ont été peu étudiés et le rôle de l'engagement affectif des enseignants sur la RAEE n'a pas été évalué. Le présent travail, inspiré de la théorie de l'attachement (Bowlby, 1969), vise à combler cette lacune en mobilisant le concept d'amour compassionnel (Underwood, 2008).En France, où aucune étude quantitative sur le sujet n'a été réalisée jusque là, la RAEE est polémique, voire tabou. Ses effets ne pourraient-ils pas être testés empiriquement ? La théorie des trois systèmes de motivation (Favre & Favre, 1993) permet ici de comprendre et de mesurer l'effet de la RAEE sur les adolescents.Après validation auprès d'enseignants (N = 275) d'une version française de l'échelle d'amour compassionnel (Sprecher & Fehr, 2005) envers les élèves, il apparaît que celle-ci est prédictive de la RAEE (STRS, Pianta, 2001). Cette thèse valide aussi auprès de collégiens (N = 145) un outil psychométrique visant à évaluer trois systèmes de motivation. Complété par d'autres instruments évaluant l'adaptation psychosociale (empathie, variables scolaires et violence), il est soumis à deux échantillons (113 collégiens et 104 collégiens de SEGPA) : la RAEE favorise la motivation d'innovation, l'empathie et l'adaptation scolaire tout en protégeant contre la motivation de sécurisation parasitée (ou d'addiction), l'indiscipline scolaire et la violence. Cela plaide pour une approche relationnelle, telle que promue par les théoriciens du care en éducation, et, au-delà, pour une psychologie positive de l'éducation. / Number of longitudinal studies in educational psychology have shown that affective teacher-student relationships (RAEE) is beneficial both at school (success, perseverance, behaviour, etc.) and outside (decrease in depression, anxiety, delinquency, etc.) (Fortin, Plante & Bradley, 2011). However, its determinants have been little studied and the role of teachers' affective commitment on RAEE has not been estimated. This thesis grounded on attachment theory (Bowlby, 1969) aims at filling this gap with the concept of compassionate love (Underwood, 2008).In France, where the subject has not been quantitatively studied yet, the RAEE is greatly controversial, even taboo. Could its effects be tested empirically? The three motivational systems theory (Favre & Favre, 1993) enables us to understand and measure the effect of RAEE on adolescents.After validating a French version of the compassionate love scale for students (Sprecher & Fehr, 2005) in a sample of teachers (N = 275), it appears to be predictive of the RAEE (STRS, Pianta, 2001). This thesis also validates a psychometric tool to assess the three motivational systems in a sample of middle school students (N = 145). Then, this tool has been completed by other instruments assessing psychological adjustment (empathy, school variables and violence) and completed by two samples (N = 113 middle school students and N = 104 students from special education units called SEGPA): RAEE promotes innovation motivation, empathy and school adjustment while protecting against addiction motivation, school indiscipline and violence. This argues for a relational approach in education, as promoted by care theorists, and for a positive educational psychology.

Background: In March 2020, because of the Covid-19 pandemic, suddenly and completely unexpected, governments worldwide replaced face-to-face education with emergency distance teaching. Studies showed that students and teachers, in general, had been negatively affected by the strategy. Upper secondary school teachers and students in Sweden were affected and have now worked and studied from home for more than one year. Problem: Teachers were now asked to do extraordinary things regarding course delivery and learning. However, school curricula have not changed, and it has been up to the teachers to adapt their teaching to fulfil the curricula. Few studies provided teachers’ perspectives on this extraordinary situation and why it was essential to enter the teacher’s world and determine how this affected them and their work. Aim: The purpose of this study was to explore the Swedish upper secondary school teachers' experiences of Emergency Distance Teaching during the first year of the Covid-19 pandemic. Three research questions were considered sufficient to answer this aim. Method: A qualitative narrative design captured the lived experiences of Swedish upper secondary school teachers. Stories from two teachers that worked in two different school contexts were collected. Result: The stories were personal, emotional, and revealing and answered the research questions. The Qualitative content analysis identified three themes: (1) Distant and Remote Communication, (2) Key are to be Present, Kind, and Innovative, and (3) Trials. Both teachers' most decisive change and challenges were the difficulties they experienced with maintaining connectedness and the interrupted teacher-student relationship, which was especially difficult in vocational programs. The result surprisingly showed that some students had benefitted from EDT and showed higher attendance than before. The stories showed how the teachers struggled to be creative to fulfil students' vital needs and often used outside-box strategies to manage. The teachers also showed how they felt lonely and how this had affected their job satisfaction and well-being. Significant, was that the result showed that the teachers had gained new skills and knowledge of how to handle the best teaching during school closure, even if it were not the teaching that they would prefer. Conclusion: Remote and distance teaching will become increasingly important in the future, considering Anthropogenic Climate Change. There is a strong call for a holistic transdisciplinary approach to identify and manage the organizational and psychological impacts of EDT on Swedish upper secondary school teachers. Strategies specifically targeting teachers working with vocational programs and students from low socioeconomic backgrounds are needed to avoid exacerbating existing disparities. Teachers required close contact with their students to have job satisfaction and they needed to be included and receive clear support, trust, and guidelines from school management.

The primary purpose of this study was to explore the correlations between students' perceptions of their relationships with teachers, students' academic achievement and students' classroom behavior. A secondary purpose of the study was to investigate if students' ethnicity, gender and socio-economic status moderate the relationship. A survey was used to assess sixth grade students' perceptions of relationships with their teachers when they were in fifth grade. Significant associations were found between student perceptions of positive relationships and high English Language arts achievement for African for African American, Hispanic, male and low socio economic status (SES) students. Significant associations were also found between higher CST scores in Math For African American, female and low SES students. Finally, negative teacher-student relationships were found to he associated with a higher probability of students receiving referrals for Hispanic, male and Low SES students. The results of this study suggest that positive student teacher relationships are associated with and may contribute to positive academic and behavioral outcomes for vulnerable students.

I detta arbete har musiklärares rolltagande undersökts i enskild musikundervisning på gymnasienivå. Hur lärarna skapar och upprätthåller sina roller har varit i fokus för undersökningen. De observationer som gjorts har analyserats med hjälp av Erving Goffmans perspektiv på sociala interaktioner, med fokus på framträdandet och fasaden. Resultaten visar att de lärare som observerats har gemensamma rollaspekter rörande musikalitet och positiv återkoppling. Implikationer för musikundervisning och förslag på vidare forskning diskuteras även i arbetet. / In this essay, music teachers' role-taking has been investigated in one-on-one music education at upper secondary level. How the teachers create and maintain their roles has been the focus of the investigation. The observations made have been analyzed using Erving Goffman's perspective on social interactions, with a focus on the performance and the front. The results show that the teachers observed have commonalities regarding musicality and positive feedback. Implications for music education and suggestions for further research are also discussed in the essay.

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