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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
61

Percepção de turistas sobre “atividade/interação” com botos vermelhos (Inia geoffrensis (de Blainville, 1817) no estado do Amazonas, Brasil

Frias, Mariana Paschoalini 18 March 2014 (has links)
Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-02-01T17:37:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 marianapaschoalinifrias.pdf: 2091123 bytes, checksum: 66f1ece74d34128341ecabe8fe128048 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-02-01T20:14:48Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 marianapaschoalinifrias.pdf: 2091123 bytes, checksum: 66f1ece74d34128341ecabe8fe128048 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-01T20:14:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 marianapaschoalinifrias.pdf: 2091123 bytes, checksum: 66f1ece74d34128341ecabe8fe128048 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-18 / Muito têm se falado sobre a problemática envolvendo turistas e botos vermelhos na Amazônia. A interação boto-homem com fins turísticos no Brasil é relatada há aproximadamente seis anos por pesquisadores que observaram efeitos negativos desse tipo de atividade tanto para animais (mudanças comportamentais, principalmente) quanto para turistas envolvidos (acidentes com lesões). Porém, a forma menos impactante dessa atividade, o Ecoturismo, é apontada por muitos pesquisadores a nível nacional e internacional como alternativa viável para a conservação dos cetáceos (baleias e golfinhos). Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar, de acordo com a percepção dos turistas entrevistados, o principal fator que influência na satisfação de turistas que buscam as atividades de interação com botos. E assim, discutir qual o modelo adequado de atividade sob uma perspectiva ecoturística considerando o bem estar dos golfinhos envolvidos e a satisfação dos visitantes. Foram aplicados 149 questionários autoexplicativos no período de Julho de 2012 à Janeiro de 2013 em dois pontos turísticos no estado do Amazonas, Brasil. Os questionários foram elaborados com questões fechadas e abertas, e, um teste de percepção subjetivo através de uma Escala Visual Analógica (EVA) para avaliação do estado subjetivo de satisfação quanto à interação com botos. Dos questionários recolhidos 107 fizeram parte das análises. Adicionalmente foram realizadas observações turísticas participantes (OTPs) e registros vídeo/fotográficos. O principal fator gerador de altos níveis de satisfação dos turistas foi a aproximação do animal (p<0,001) escolhido pelo Modelo Linear Generalizado Binomial Negativo. Os níveis de satisfação encontrados (em uma escala de 0 a 10) estiveram cima de 8 caracterizando as atividades como boas. A interação próxima de nado e alimentação de golfinhos selvagens é controversa quanto ao beneficio gerado para os envolvidos, uma vez que compreende riscos físicos aos turistas e físicos/comportamentais aos golfinhos. A forma turística de observação próxima de botos se mostra como modelo mais adequado ao tipo de turismo realizado com botos selvagens na Amazônia, uma vez que prioriza uma forma menos impactante de atividade turística e oferece a condição de proximidade com o animal. / Much has been said about the problems involving tourists and pink dolphins in Amazonian. The dolphin-human interaction for tourism in Brazil is reported about six years by researchers who observed negative effects of this type of activities on both animals (behavioral changes, especially) and - tourists involved (accidents with injuries). However, a less invasive manner of this activity, the Ecotourism, is considered by many researchers, nationally and internationally, as a viable alternative for the conservation of cetacean (whales and dolphins). This study aimed to investigate, according to the perception of tourists interviewed, what is the main factor which influences the satisfaction of the tourists who seeking interaction activities with dolphins. Thus, to discuss the appropriate activity template under an ecotourism perspective considering the dolphins welfare involved and the visitor satisfaction, were conducted 149 self-explanatory questionnaires during the time between the months July 2012 to January 2013 in two tourist places in Amazonas state, Brazil . The questionnaires were designed with open and closed questions and a test of subjective perception through a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) to assess subjective state of tourist satisfaction about the interaction with dolphins. A total of 107 questionnaires were part of the analysis. In addition the participant touristic observations (PTOs) and video/photographic recording were made. The main factor that generates high levels of tourist satisfaction was the animal approach (p<0.001) chosen by the Negative Binomial Generalized Linear Model. Satisfaction levels found (on scale of 0 to 10) were greater than 8 featuring the activities as good. The close interaction of swimming and feeding wild dolphins is controversial about the benefit generated to those involved, because it comprises physical risks to humans and physical/behavioral risks to dolphins. The close observation tourism of ‘botos’ presents as the most appropriate type of tourism conducted with wild dolphins in Amazon, since it prioritizes a less impactful way of tourism and offers the condition of proximity to the animal.
62

Le tourisme en Tunisie et la prise en compte du développement durable : le cas du tourisme saharien / Tourism in Tunisia and the consideration of sustainable development : the case of saharan tourism

Maalli, Hanen 08 June 2015 (has links)
Plusieurs Etats ont recours au tourisme afin de dynamiser leurs régions défavorisées, avec l’objectif d’améliorer les performances économiques de ces territoires, de stimuler la création d'emploi et de faire rentrer des devisés. Néanmoins, le développement du tourisme dans les zones sensibles se réalise souvent au détriment d'un environnement fragile et s’accompagne alors d’un large spectre d'impacts négatifs, qui ralentissent voire bloquent le bon développement de ces territoires. Ce travail propose une vision transversale du secteur touristique et du développement durable dans la région du Djérid, un territoire oasien au sud-ouest de la Tunisie, en s’appuyant notamment sur des outils méthodologique spécifiques susceptibles de contribuer à une meilleure analyse des phénomènes, à la préservation du potentiel existant et à l’amélioration des pratiques, selon les normes de développement durable. Ces outils mettent l’accent sur la double problématique de ce territoire et offrent un outil de valorisation sous forme d’une grille d’indicateurs de durabilité. Ils sont basés sur la participation active de tous les acteurs, des acteurs habituellement écartés des réflexions et participant peu à la prise de décision au sein des politiques de développement régional. L’objectif de ce travail est d’établir un plan d’action le mieux adapté possible aux enjeux territoriaux, d’assister et de guider les acteurs tout au long d’une stratégie de tourisme saharien durable / Several states use tourism to energize their least-favored regions, with as purpose improving the economic performances of these territories, stimulating job creation and bringing in foreign currency. However, the development of tourism in these delicate regions is at the expense of an already fragile environment and is followed by a broad range of negative impacts, which slows or even blocks the good development of these territories. This work offers a transversal vision of tourism and sustainable tourism in the region of Djerid, an oasis territory in the South-East of Tunisia, based on specific methodological tools. These tools stress the twofold problem and offer a promoting tool in the shape of a scale of performance indicators. They are based on the active participation of all actors, actors usually put aside with such reflexions and taking little part in decision making for regional development. The aim of this work is to establish an action plan best adapted as possible for territorial issues, assist and guide actors all along the strategy for Saharan sustainable tourism
63

Gestão mercadológica de destinos turísticos urbanos periféricos: a cidade de Porto Alegre

Antunes, Vânia Oliveira 07 July 2006 (has links)
Esta investigação tem como objeto o estudo do gerenciamento dos mercados turísticos urbanos periféricos e as práticas que os compõe, tendo como estudo de caso a cidade de Porto Alegre. Foram utilizados os pressupostos metodológicos da Dialética Histórico-Estrutural, na triangulação entre o mercado global, produto turístico e sujeito turístico. Busca-se o entendimento e análise através da releitura das categorias de destino turístico periférico, produto turístico, marketing turístico, competitividade sustentável e sujeito turístico. O componente principal deste projeto é a análise das práticas do mercado turístico de Porto Alegre frente aos desafios e tendências de um mercado globalizado. / Esta investigação tem como objeto o estudo do gerenciamento dos mercados turísticos urbanos periféricos e as práticas que os compõe, tendo como estudo de caso a cidade de Porto Alegre. Foram utilizados os pressupostos metodológicos da Dialética Histórico-Estrutural, na triangulação entre o mercado global, produto turístico e sujeito turístico. Busca-se o entendimento e análise através da releitura das categorias de destino turístico periférico, produto turístico, marketing turístico, competitividade sustentável e sujeito turístico. O componente principal deste projeto é a análise das práticas do mercado turístico de Porto Alegre frente aos desafios e tendências de um mercado globalizado.
64

The Touristic Water Network Leipziger Neuseenland

Zábojník, Angela 02 October 2019 (has links)
It‘s all relative. What might seem slow to someone who deals with water every day, is rapid when measured against thousands of years of ice ages and hundreds of years of mining. First nature and then humans and technology have dramatically changed our landscape up until the year 1990 and beyond.
65

Turistea: Negocio de audioguías de destinos turísticos peruanos / Turistea: Audio guide business for Peruvian tourist destinations

Chávez Behar, Daniela, Huaman Patricio, Joselyn Gleidy, Ramírez Huamán, Grecia, Rodas Florez, Franklin Adrian 29 November 2021 (has links)
El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo desarrollar un plan de negocio para un servicio de audioguías llamado Turistea. Este modelo de negocio consiste en ofrecer audios informativos sobre destinos turísticos vía redes sociales y website. El público objetivo son los turistas en centros turísticos en las regiones de Cusco, Arequipa y Lima (destinos inicialmente ofrecidos) que tengan entre 18 y 44 años. A continuación, se detallará las necesidades identificadas, la solución planteada, los experimentos realizados y el plan de negocios. Con relación a la necesidad, se identificó que los turistas que visitaban los diferentes destinos no estaban completamente satisfechos con las visitas guiadas en grupo, ya sea por los estrictos horarios, la cantidad de personas, entre otros. Así, se halló la oportunidad para plantear un modelo de negocios que les permita personalizar su experiencia y puedan decidir sobre diversos factores como los tiempos, los destinos a visitar, la cantidad de personas con las que quieren ir, etc. Para plantear el modelo de negocio de una manera simplificada, se utilizó la herramienta Business Model Canvas. Con el fin de validar la solución, el modelo de negocio y el interés de compra de los usuarios; se desarrolló una serie de experimentos desde entrevistas hasta campañas para incentivar la demanda. El plan de negocios de Turistea se basó en identificar la necesidad de los usuarios, plantear y validar la solución y el modelo de negocio, y aplicar la metodología Concierge para validar el interés de compra y viabilidad del proyecto. / The present research project has the purpose of developing a business plan for a service of audio guides called Turistea. This business model consists in offering informative audios about tourist attractions via social networks and a company website. The target audience of the project are tourists that are visiting Cusco, Arequipa, and/or Lima (Turistea’s three initial destinations); between the ages 18 and 44. In the next paragraphs the identified need, the proposed solution, the experiments performed, and the business plan will be further detailed. The identified need was that the tourists were not completely satisfied with group guided tours, due to the tight schedules, the amount of people in the group, etc. Thus, the opportunity to propose a business model that allows the users to further personalize their experience and be able to decide on various factors such as times and destinations was found. In order to pose the business model in a simplified way, the Business Model Canvas tool was used to identify the key points of the company. To validate the proposed solution, the business model, and the user’s purchase interest; a series of experiments were developed, ranging from interviews to discount campaigns to boost the demand. Turistea’s business plan was based on identifying the user’s needs, proposing, and validating the solution and business model, and applying the Concierge methodology to validate the purchase interest and project’s viability. / Trabajo de investigación
66

Perfil del turista digital y su relación con la gestión de destinos turísticos inteligentes / Profile of the digital tourist and the relationship with the management of smart tourist destinations

Rojas Cruz, Marhorie Lisset, Rumiche Alamo, Rita Alexandra 28 November 2021 (has links)
El avance tecnológico ha cambiado la forma de relacionarse de las personas, esto ha generado que el turismo se visualice desde diferentes enfoques los cuales recaen esencialmente en la relación con la tecnología, la participación de la comunidad, la co-gestión entre entidades estatales y privadas y la interacción del viajero con el entorno desde la experiencia que se ofrece. En la gestión turística los destinos turísticos inteligentes cobran importancia porque presentan un enfoque renovado que responde al nuevo perfil del turista actual y ofrece impulso a la economía local. Este nuevo perfil del turista se caracteriza esencialmente por el uso de las tecnologías y cómo éstas influyen en su estilo de vida, así como también en la mayor independencia e interacción respetuosa con el destino que visitan. Por tanto, la presente investigación tuvo como objetivo explicar la relación del perfil del turista digital con la gestión de un destino turístico inteligente, siguiendo una metodología de revisión de literatura bajo el enfoque integrador puesto que sintetiza la información obtenida de los documentos empleando la caracterización del perfil del turista digital, la revisión y análisis conceptual sobre destinos turísticos inteligentes, la identificación de aspectos clave para su implementación y la descripción de la relación del perfil del turista digital con la gestión de destinos turísticos inteligentes. Finalmente, concluimos que el perfil del turista digital se relaciona directamente con cada aspecto de la gestión de los destinos turísticos inteligentes. / Technological advancement has changed the way people relate to each other, this has generated that tourism is viewed from different approaches which essentially fall on the relationship with technology, community participation, co-management between state and private entities and the interaction of the traveler with the environment from the experience that is offered. In tourism management, smart tourist destinations gain importance because they present a renewed approach that responds to the new profile of the current tourist and offers a boost to the local economy. This new tourist profile is essentially characterized by the use of technologies and how they influence their lifestyle, as well as greater independence and respectful interaction with the destination they visit. Therefore, the present research aimed to explain the relationship of the digital tourist profile with the management of an intelligent tourist destination, following a literature review methodology under the integrative approach since it synthesizes the information obtained from the documents using the characterization of the profile of the digital tourist, the review and conceptual analysis of smart tourist destinations, the identification of key aspects for their implementation and the description of the relationship of the profile of the digital tourist with the management of smart tourist destinations. Finally, we conclude that the profile of the digital tourist is directly related to every aspect of the management of smart tourist destinations. / Trabajo de investigación
67

Comprendre l'image de Mérida vue par ses habitants : un lieu et ses représentations

Torres Davila, Katy V. 08 1900 (has links)
Cette recherche vise à connaître et comprendre la province de Mérida au Venezuela, en analysant l’image que ses habitants construisent de celle-ci à l’aide de photographies de promotion touristique de la province, issues du matériel produit par l’office de tourisme de Mérida, CORMETUR. La recherche est conçue dans une perspective de méthodologie créative. Les participants ont été invités à élaborer –et à commenter- un collage en se servant, à leur guise, des photos fournies pour récréer leur image de leur province. C’est sur la base de ce travail que je cherche à comprendre la manière dont Mérida est perçue par ses habitants. Mon questionnement est théoriquement supporté par la notion d’ « image » ainsi que par le concept de « représentation », entendue dans l’approche constructiviste de Hall (1997), qui me permet ultérieurement d’interpréter les propos des Merideños rencontrés. Dans et à travers les représentations qu’ils construisent, il est possible de comprendre Mérida en tant qu’un « lieu », tel que défendu par Escobar (2001), au sein duquel convergent le « milieu de vie » et le « milieu touristique » qui le composent. De même, il est possible de saisir des enjeux identitaires, tels que Cuche (1996) et Hall (2007) entendent l’ « identité culturelle », dans leurs représentations. / This research looks forward to knowing and understanding the state of Mérida – Venezuela through the analysis of the image that its residents build of Mérida. The project proposes to use some promotional touristic photographs taken from promotional material produced by Mérida’s tourism office, CORMETUR. This research is designed based on a creative methodology. The participants were invited to make –and to comment- a collage by using a selection provided of photos, in order to recreate the image they have of their state. My aim is to understand how its residents consider Mérida. This research is theoretically supported by the definition of “image” and by the concept of “representation”, in specific through Hall’s (1997) constructivist approach. This last one particularly allows me to interpret what the participant Merideños express in their collage. The analysis of the representations they construct allows to understand Mérida as a “place” (Escobar, 2001) that is composed by an “everyday-life context” and a “touristic context” that integrate each other. Additionally, it is possible to grasp in their representations a question of “cultural identity”, as Cuche (1997) and Hall (2007) understand it. / La presente investigación propone conocer y comprender el estado Mérida - Venezuela à través del análisis de la imagen que sus habitantes construyen de ella mediante fotografías de promoción turística del estado, tomadas del material de promoción producido por la coordinación de turismo de Mérida, CORMETUR. Esta investigación es concebida bajo una perspectiva de metodología creativa. A los participantes se les pidió elaborar –y comentar- un collage utilizando a su gusto una selección de fotos para recrear de esta manera la imagen que tienen de su propio estado. A partir del trabajo que elaboraron, se busca entender la manera como sus habitantes conciben Mérida. La investigación se constituye sobre la base de la noción de “imagen”, pero sobretodo del concepto de “representación”, en su perspectiva constructivista propuesta por Hall (1997), el cual me permite interpretar con mayor profundidad lo que los Merideños entrevistados manifestaron. A través de las representaciones que ellos construyeron, es posible comprender Mérida como un « lugar », entendiéndose este en los términos de Escobar (2001); un lugar en el cual convergen el contexto cotidiano y el contexto turístico que lo componen. Igualmente, se reconoce en sus representaciones una cuestión de “identidad cultural”, tal como la definen Cuche (1996) y Hall (2007).
68

Comprendre l'image de Mérida vue par ses habitants : un lieu et ses représentations

Torres Davila, Katy V. 08 1900 (has links)
Cette recherche vise à connaître et comprendre la province de Mérida au Venezuela, en analysant l’image que ses habitants construisent de celle-ci à l’aide de photographies de promotion touristique de la province, issues du matériel produit par l’office de tourisme de Mérida, CORMETUR. La recherche est conçue dans une perspective de méthodologie créative. Les participants ont été invités à élaborer –et à commenter- un collage en se servant, à leur guise, des photos fournies pour récréer leur image de leur province. C’est sur la base de ce travail que je cherche à comprendre la manière dont Mérida est perçue par ses habitants. Mon questionnement est théoriquement supporté par la notion d’ « image » ainsi que par le concept de « représentation », entendue dans l’approche constructiviste de Hall (1997), qui me permet ultérieurement d’interpréter les propos des Merideños rencontrés. Dans et à travers les représentations qu’ils construisent, il est possible de comprendre Mérida en tant qu’un « lieu », tel que défendu par Escobar (2001), au sein duquel convergent le « milieu de vie » et le « milieu touristique » qui le composent. De même, il est possible de saisir des enjeux identitaires, tels que Cuche (1996) et Hall (2007) entendent l’ « identité culturelle », dans leurs représentations. / This research looks forward to knowing and understanding the state of Mérida – Venezuela through the analysis of the image that its residents build of Mérida. The project proposes to use some promotional touristic photographs taken from promotional material produced by Mérida’s tourism office, CORMETUR. This research is designed based on a creative methodology. The participants were invited to make –and to comment- a collage by using a selection provided of photos, in order to recreate the image they have of their state. My aim is to understand how its residents consider Mérida. This research is theoretically supported by the definition of “image” and by the concept of “representation”, in specific through Hall’s (1997) constructivist approach. This last one particularly allows me to interpret what the participant Merideños express in their collage. The analysis of the representations they construct allows to understand Mérida as a “place” (Escobar, 2001) that is composed by an “everyday-life context” and a “touristic context” that integrate each other. Additionally, it is possible to grasp in their representations a question of “cultural identity”, as Cuche (1997) and Hall (2007) understand it. / La presente investigación propone conocer y comprender el estado Mérida - Venezuela à través del análisis de la imagen que sus habitantes construyen de ella mediante fotografías de promoción turística del estado, tomadas del material de promoción producido por la coordinación de turismo de Mérida, CORMETUR. Esta investigación es concebida bajo una perspectiva de metodología creativa. A los participantes se les pidió elaborar –y comentar- un collage utilizando a su gusto una selección de fotos para recrear de esta manera la imagen que tienen de su propio estado. A partir del trabajo que elaboraron, se busca entender la manera como sus habitantes conciben Mérida. La investigación se constituye sobre la base de la noción de “imagen”, pero sobretodo del concepto de “representación”, en su perspectiva constructivista propuesta por Hall (1997), el cual me permite interpretar con mayor profundidad lo que los Merideños entrevistados manifestaron. A través de las representaciones que ellos construyeron, es posible comprender Mérida como un « lugar », entendiéndose este en los términos de Escobar (2001); un lugar en el cual convergen el contexto cotidiano y el contexto turístico que lo componen. Igualmente, se reconoce en sus representaciones una cuestión de “identidad cultural”, tal como la definen Cuche (1996) y Hall (2007).
69

Mirades turístiques a la ciutat. Anàlisi del comportament dels visitants del Barri Vell de Girona

Galí Espelt, Núria 14 December 2004 (has links)
Mirades Turístiques a la ciutat és un estudi sobre el comportament del turisme en les ciutats monumentals, a partir de l'experiència viscuda pels visitants del Barri Vell de Girona. Una recerca que ha pretès determinar, precisament, la forma com els visitants entren en contacte amb el patrimoni monumental de la ciutat medieval. A partir, d'identificar quins factors influeixen (i quins no) en el comportament dels turistes durant la seva visita, tant pel que fa referència als factors ambientals generals (la meteorologia, la congestió, la informació...) com els factors singulars de cada visitant. Per tal d'assolir aquests objectius, en hem plantejat una sèrie d'hipòtesis de treball:1. Existeix una manera turística d'apropar-se al patrimoni que té les seves pròpies regles, les sevesestructures específiques i en conseqüència la necessitat d'uns instruments de gestió particulars.2. L'aproximació del turista al patrimoni monumental és el resultat de dues forces aparentmentcontradictòries. D'una banda, el turista tendeix a reproduir pautes de comportament socialment construïdes que prenen la forma d'un ritual. D'altra banda, més enllà d'aquest patró comú, cada visitant viu una experiència singular. Per tant, la relació amb el patrimoni és el resultat d'un subtil equilibri entre experiència i ritual.3. El consum turístic del patrimoni depèn de la relació entre quatre factors. El primer, la imatge del lloc, és la projecció (sovint idealitzada) de l'espai de visita, una metàfora de la ciutat. El segon, el codi d'interpretació turístic , actua com una mena de ritual, un guió no escrit de la pràctica turística. En tercer lloc, el substrat material que són els components artístics, històrics o culturals de la destinació: la geometria del casc, les visuals, el pes de la història o el valor estètic de les peces condicionen, com és obvi, la mirada turística. Finalment, l'experiència està condicionada per la gestió (pública i privada) del turisme: informació, fluxos, interpretació...L'estudi s'ha sustentat en una metodologia inèdita basada en l'observació directa a partir del seguiment dels visitants durant els seus recorreguts. Hem observat el visitants i hem recollit la informació bàsica de la seva visita: l'itinerari, els monuments visitats, les actituds manifestades, els temps d'estada... Aquesta metodologia ha estat ja implementada en alguns estudis de públic de diversos museus. S'han recollit tres tipus de dades: dades relacionades amb els arcs (segment de carrer entre dues interseccions), dades relacionades amb els nodes (els elements d'interès) i dades relacionades amb el visitant. Les tres fonts estan unides per un identificador comú, que és el codi del turista. Això ens ha permès vincular les dades dels visitants amb el seu recorregut i la seva visita als monuments de la ciutat. Els resultats de l'estudi ens han permès identificar els factors que singularitzen l'apropament dels visitants al patrimoni i que el diferencien d'altres formes de relació o ús. És a dir, els factors que incideixen en el comportament dels visitants de Girona. Així mateix, hem pogut definir models d'itineraris amb una estructura interna molt compacta però molt diferentsentre ells; que ens evidencien que, malgrat les regularitats detectades en les visites dels turistes de la ciutat, també existeixen elements diferencials en el seu comportament. Hem detectat quatre models de recorreguts urbans que hem anomenat: itinerari bàsic, comercial, complex i de les muralles, que a l'hora es poden subdividir en varies categories.Finalment, els estadístics multivariants ens han permès demostrar que la relació entre el turista i el patrimoni respon almenys a quatre formes de consum diferenciades, que hem anomenat "no turistes", "rituals", "interessats" i "erudits". / Mirades Turístiques a la ciutat is a study of the behaviour of tourism in towns having important monuments, based on the real-life experience of visitors to the historic centre of Girona. This is a piece of research which has tried to find out the exact way in which visitors come into contact with the heritage sites of the medieval town. This has been done through identifying which factors have an influence (and which do not) on the behaviour of the tourist during their visit, both dose of a general nature (weather, crowding, information...) and those factors which are particular to each visitor. In order to achieve this aims, I put forward a number of working hypotheses:1. There is a particular tourist approach to site which has its own rules, specific structures and as aconsequence the need for specific management tools.2. The way the tourist approaches the site is the result of two seemingly contradiction forces. On the one hand, the tourist tends to repeat socially contructed behaviours which take the form of a ritual. On the other hand, and beyond this common pattern, each visitor has a singular experience. Therefore, the relationship with the site is the result of a subtle balance between experience and ritual.3. The touristic use of a heritage site depends on the relationship between four factors. The first, the image of the place, a metaphor of the town. The second, the code of touristic interpretation, acts as a kind of ritual, a non-written script for being a tourist. The third, the material substratum which are the artistic, historical or cultural components; the geometry of the area, the visual parts, the weight of history or the aesthetic value of the items, obviously, condition the way tourist look at the town. Finally, the experience is conditioned by the management of tourism: the information, the flow of tourists, interpretation.This study uses an original methodology based on direct observation of following visitors during their visit. We observed the visitors and we collected basic information about their visit: the itinerary, the monuments visited, the attitudes shown, the time spent. This methodology has already been used in order studies of the public in different museums. Three kinds of data was collected: data relating to blocks (the segments of a street between two roads), data relating to nodes (the items of interest) and data relating to the visitors. The three sources are connected by a common identifier, that of the touristic code. This has allowed us to connect the data of the visitors with the route taken and the visit of the monuments in the town.The results of the study have allowed us to identify the factors with make the approach of the visitor to the monument a singular one and which differenciate it from the other forms of relationship or of use. That is to say, that the factors which have an effect on the behaviour of the visitors to Girona.Thus, we have been able to define models of itineraries with a very compact internal structure but which are very different between each one, which shows that, despite the regularities which were found in the visits of tourists to the town, differenciated elements in their behaviour were also observed. We detected four models of urban routes: the basic, the commercial, the complex and the town walls, which can each be subdivides into several categories. Finally, the multivariant statistics have allowed us to demonstrate that the relationship between tourist and heritage site responds to at least four forms of differentiated use which we have named "non-touristic", "ritual","interedted" and "erudite".
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La mise en valeur du potentiel touristique dans les Souscarpates situées entre la rivière Olt et la rivière Motru. / Evaluation and development of the tourism potential of the Sub-Carpathians situated between the Olt Valley and the Motru Valley

Popescu, Antoaneta-Carina 12 October 2015 (has links)
Cette recherche est basée sur l’idée que le tourisme stimule l’essor économique d’une région en créant de la valeur ajoutée, améliorant ainsi le niveau de vie de ses habitants (Bensahel, Donsimoni, 1999: 27). Son but est de démontrer que le tourisme peut être un moteur de développement pour la région étudiée. Notre hypothèse principale est que dans une région riche en ressources exploitables touristiquement mais dont le niveau de développement est faible (PIB en dessous de la moyenne européenne) la multiplication des projets touristiques de mise en valeur des ressources permettrait de stimuler et de soutenir le développement de la région tout en respectant les principes du développement durable. La thèse est divisée en deux parties. La première est conceptuelle et méthodologique et se focalise sur l’aménagement basé sur le projet territorial de développement touristique. La deuxième partie est consacrée aux étapes principales d’un projet territorial de développement touristique : diagnostic territorial et propositions de développement futur. Pour le diagnostic territorial nous avons conçu un outil permettant de calculer la valeur touristique totale des divisions territoriales et d’analyser les données collectées concernant les pratiques touristiques déjà en œuvre dans la région. Cet outil nous a permis d’identifier 4 systèmes touristiques localisés qui peuvent être considérés comme modèle d’organisation de la région des Souscarpates situées entre les Vallées de l’Olt et du Motru. / The current research is based on the assumption that tourism stimulates the economic growth of an area through creating the added value, thus, enhancing the standard of living in the area in question (Bensahel, Donsimoni, 1999: 27). We aim to demonstrate that in the targeted area tourism can (re)produce development. Noticing the weak development (DGP below the European average) in a region rich in resources that may be exploited through tourism, we think that the multiplication of such projects may boost and support the development of the region, in compliance with the principles of sustainability. The thesis is divided in two main parts. The former, conceptual and methodological in nature, focuses on territorial planning, based on the territorial project for tourism development. The latter is concerned with the main stages of a territorial project for tourism development : territorial diagnosis and future development proposal. In the case of territorial diagnosis, we designed a tool to calculate the total touristic value of the territorial divisions in question and to collect data using a survey of tourism practices in the area. The findings allowed us to identify 4 local tourism systems that we suggest as touristic organisation types in the Sub-Carpathians, situated between the Olt Valley and the Motru Valley.

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