Thesis (MTech (Tourism and Events Management ))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2011 / The importance of conducting resident perception studies into the phenomenon of mega sports events cannot be over-emphasised; as such studies provide a unique platform by means of which to gauge the perceptions and attitudes of host communities with regards to the impacts of mega-events. In the context of South Africa’s hosting of the 2010 FIFA World Cup, and regarding the perceived impacts of the event on host communities, a couple of studies have been undertaken within the Green Point suburb of Cape Town. As a continuum of such studies, the current study is undertaken with the objectives of ascertaining whether any adaptations have occurred three months before kick-off of the event, and to further provide a platform for post-event longitudinal studies. Furthermore, in cases where changes in perceptions were recorded, previous studies carried out within the same study area were reflected upon. The target population in the study involved residents living within a 2- kilometre radius of the Cape Town Stadium situated in Green Point. A total of 400 questionnaires were administered to residents using a spatially based stratified random sampling method. The focus of the study was to examine the perceptions and attitudes of Green Point residents towards the development of the Cape Town Stadium and potential impacts of the 2010 World Cup on their community. Key findings of the study revealed the profile of Green Point residents to be predominantly male, with an average age of 38.2 years.

Dissertation submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Master of Technology in Tourism and Hospitality Management in the Faculty of Business at the Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2012 / Sport tourism, mega-events and the impacts thereof, especially in developing countries, have, in the past, tended to have been overlooked academically. This study investigated 2010 Federation of International Football Associations (FIFA) World Cup™ initiatives in the Eden District Municipality (EDM), Western Cape, South Africa, which is situated between the host cities of Cape Town and Port Elizabeth. The research investigated whether or not planning initiatives being conducted by the district and individual towns in the region were integrated or not, with special reference to the accommodation sector. The sector was the focus of the research, as most plans being conducted in the region were centred on the development of team base camps as accommodation satellites for travelling spectators. The research design consisted of self-administered electronic questionnaires, which were sent to a sample of 587 accommodation establishments. From the survey, a response of 251 valid questionnaires were received. In addition to the questionnaires, five key informant interviews were conducted with representatives from towns in the EDM. The findings indicated that, although stakeholders in the EDM were interested in becoming involved in 2010 FIFA World Cup™ planning, and despite the majority being involved in planning initiatives, little information reached the accommodation establishments in the region. As a result of such paucity of information, establishments were embarking on their own planning initiatives, which were not in conjunction with those being conducted by the EDM. The research also showed that awareness levels of plans being conducted by various stakeholders in the region were very low and that accommodation establishments knew very little about the plans concerned. Moreover, there was scant awareness of the roles of various stakeholders and involved parties in the region. The research established that, although a large number of establishments were aware of the services offered by MATCH Event Services Pty, which was appointed by FIFA to administer its Tour Operator Programme on its behalf, not many had registered with the body, due to any one or more of a range of reasons. Key informant interviews conducted as part of the study found that most of the above-mentioned respondents were working on projects in conjunction with other stakeholders, rather than in isolation, and that the level of buy-in from accommodation establishments was not very high. The majority of key informants agreed that there had not been sufficient or significant communication about the event from the EDM or from local municipalities and that the initiatives of which they were aware lacked a strong legacy focus. From the research conducted, recommendations made were that there should be a more consolidated marketing and planning effort for all towns in the EDM concerned with an event of this nature, while the individual needs, offerings and the nature of each of the towns should still be considered. Planning initiatives in a district municipality should involve all levels of stakeholders, and both communication channels, as well as the roles and responsibilities of all parties involved, must be clearly defined. In planning for the hosting of such an event as the FIFA World Cup™, the long-term needs of the area and the legacy of the event should be the main considerations in ensuring community development and sustainability radiating from the event.

O objetivo dessa dissertação foi analisar a existência de processos que reflitam a teoria dos torneios de promoção (tournaments) em uma instituição financeira cooperativa. Foram examinados e analisados os efeitos da avaliação de desempenho nas promoções dos empregados, sua relação com os cargos da empresa, os incentivos gerados e como se relaciona à teoria dos torneios de promoção (tournaments). A análise empírica do caso da instituição financeira cooperativa em questão aponta clara necessidade da empresa em rever seus processos de promoções, a fim de gerar os incentivos adequados aos cumprimentos dos objetivos organizacionais. Os resultados indicaram haver pouca relação da avaliação de desempenho às promoções, deixando lacunas para os empregados visualizarem suas carreiras e se motivarem a cargas maiores de esforço através da estrutura organizacional. Cabe à empresa escolher se continuará com o modelo atual ou melhorará sua lógica de promoção. / The purpose of this dissertation was to observe the existence of processes that reflect the theory of promotion (tournaments) in a cooperative financial institution. They were examined and analyzed the performance evaluation of effects on promotion of employees, the company’s positions, the generated incentives and how it relates to the tournament’s theory. The empirical analysis of the case of cooperative financial institution in question points clear need for the company to review its promotion processes in order to generate the appropriate incentives to greetings of organizational objectives. The results indicated there is little performance evaluation in relation to promotions, leaving gaps for employees visualize their careers and motivate themselves to higher levels of effort by organizational structure. The company must choose whether to continue with the current model or improve your logical promotion sketch.

Alexander A. Razborov (2007) developed the theory of flag algebras to compute the minimum asymptotic density of triangles in a graph as a function of its edge density. The theory of flag algebras, however, can be used to study the asymptotic density of several combinatorial objects. In this dissertation, we present two original results obtained in the theory of tournaments through application of flag algebra proof techniques. The first result concerns minimization of the asymptotic density of transitive tournaments in a sequence of tournaments, which we prove to occur if and only if the sequence is quasi-random. As a byproduct, we also obtain new quasi-random characterizations and several other flag algebra elements whose density is minimized if and only if the sequence is quasi-random. The second result concerns a class of equivalent properties of a sequence of tournaments that we call quasi-carousel properties and that, in a similar fashion as quasi-random properties, force the sequence to converge to a specific limit homomorphism. Several quasi-carousel properties, when compared to quasi-random properties, suggest that quasi-random sequences and quasi-carousel sequences are the furthest possible from each other within the class of almost balanced sequences. / Alexander A. Razborov (2007) desenvolveu a teoria de álgebras de flags para calcular a densidade assintótica mínima de triângulos em um grafo em função de sua densidade de arestas. A teoria das álgebras de flags, contudo, pode ser usada para estudar densidades assintóticas de diversos objetos combinatórios. Nesta dissertação, apresentamos dois resultados originais obtidos na teoria de torneios através de técnicas de demonstração de álgebras de flags. O primeiro resultado compreende a minimização da densidade assintótica de torneios transitivos em uma sequência de torneios, a qual provamos ocorrer se e somente se a sequência é quase aleatória. Como subprodutos, obtemos também novas caracterizações de quase aleatoriedade e diversos outros elementos da álgebra de flags cuja densidade é minimizada se e somente se a sequência é quase aleatória. O segundo resultado compreende uma classe de propriedades equivalentes sobre uma sequência de torneios que chamamos de propriedades quase carrossel e que, de uma forma similar às propriedades quase aleatórias, forçam que a sequência convirja para um homomorfismo limite específico. Várias propriedades quase carrossel, quando comparadas às propriedades quase aleatórias, sugerem que sequências quase aleatórias e sequências quase carrossel estão o mais distantes possível umas das outras na classe de sequências quase balanceadas.

Esta tese tem dois objetivos: O primeiro é evidenciar, com base na literatura de Economia da Religião, a premissa de racionalidade humana relativa ao comportamento religioso. Com esse objetivo, realiza-se uma discussão dos fundamentos teóricos da Economia da Religião: a Escolha Racional, a Teoria do Consumidor aplicada à religião, o modelo de produção doméstica de Gary Becker e a Teoria do Mercado Religioso. Também se apresenta e se discute alguns dos principais modelos teóricos da Economia da Religião, citando, sempre que possível as evidências empíricas existentes na literatura. Como meio de contribuir para a discussão nessa área, são aplicados modelos econométricos de análise de survey com dados de duas pesquisas para dois dos modelos teóricos apresentados, o de Azzi-Ehremberg e o de Durkin Greeley (1991): Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domícilios (PNAD) de 1988, aplicada pelo IBGE, e Pesquisa Social Brasileira (PESB) de 2004, realizada pela FGV Opinião. Uma predição importante relacionada à Teoria do Mercado Religioso, um dos fundamentos da Teoria da Escolha Racional da Religião, é que quanto maior for, de um lado, o grau de regulação governamental neste mercado, por outro serão menores o grau de competição das organizações religiosas, o pluralismo religioso e, conseqüentemente, o nível de participação religiosa. Segundo a Teoria do Mercado Religioso, de modo semelhante a outros mercados, a intervenção estatal provoca, no mercado religioso, alocações subótimas de recursos escassos, ineficiência na produção e restrição na diversidade de bens e serviços religiosos ofertados aos consumidores pelas organizações religiosas. O segundo objetivo da tese, aliás, o principal, é buscar evidências que corroborem as premissas da Teoria dos Torneios de Promoção (Tournaments), elaborada por Edward Lazear e Sherwin Rosen (1981), em organizações religiosas. O problema se baseou na investigação do mercado interno de trabalho da Igreja Católica no que concerne à seleção e promoção de seus clérigos, recorrendo para isso ao seu Direito Canônico, na tentativa de identificar elementos que corroborassem ou evidenciassem os pressupostos da Teoria dos Torneios de Promoção nos documentos pesquisados, sendo o mais importante e fundamental o Código de Direito Canônico (CDC) de 1983. A legislação canônica suplementar também foi utilizada. Buscou-se investigar de que modo esses documentos normativos incorporam esquemas de incentivos para regular a hierarquia católica de ordem e de jurisdição, bem como a seleção e promoção de seus clérigos, sob a ótica de Torneios de Promoção. Estudando-se os Cânones do CDC e outros documentos de direito canônico, foram encontrados vários elementos que dão suporte à afirmação de que, de fato, existem evidências dos pressupostos de Tournaments naqueles esquemas, no que concerne à escolha e sistema promocional de clérigos católicos. / This thesis has two objectives: the first is the evidence, based on the literature of Religious Economics, the premise of human rationality related to religious behavior. With this objective, was carried out a discussion of the theoretical fundamentals of Religious Economics: the Rational Choice, Consumer Theory applied to the Religion, Gary Becker`s model of domestic production and the Theory of the Religious Market. Some of the main theoretical models of Religious Economics are discussed, mentioning, whenever possible, the empirical evidence that appears in the literature. As a way of contributing to the discussion in this area, econometric models of survey analysis with data of two items of theoretical research presented, such as Azzi-Ehremberg and that of Durkin Greeley (1991): the 1988 National Research per Address Sample, applied by the IBGE and, the Brazilian Social Research (PESB) done in 2004 by the FGV Opiniao. An important prediction, related to the Religious Market Theory, one of the bases of the Rational Religious Choice Theory, is that, the larger it is, on one side, the degree of government regulation in this market, on the other hand, is lower the degree of competition of religious organizations, religious pluralism and, consequently, the level of religious participation. According to the Theory of the Religious Market, similarly to other markets, the state intervention causes, in the religious market, sub-optimal allocations of scarce resources, production inefficiency and restriction in the diversity of goods and religious services offered to the consumers by the religious organizations. The second aim of this Thesis, albeit the main one, is to find evidence, which corroborates the premises of the Theory of the Promotion Tournaments, elaborated by Edward Lazear and Sherwin Rosen (1981), in religious organizations. The problem was based on the investigation of the internal working market of the of the Roman Catholic Church, in what concerns the selection and promotion of its clergy, using the Canon Law, in the intent of identifying elements which corroborate or put into evidence the presumption of the Promotion Tournament Theory in the researched documents, being the most important and fundamental the 1983 Canon Law Code. The supplementary canon legislation was also used. It was investigated in what way those normative documents, incorporate incentive schemes in order to regulate the catholic hierarchy, of order and of jurisdiction as well as the selection and promotion of its clergy, under the optics of Promotion Tournaments. Studying the canons of the Canon Law Code and other canon law documents, several elements were found that give support to the affirmation that, in fact, there is evidence of the presupposition of the Tournaments in those schemes, as regards the choice and promotional system of Catholic clerics.

Angling practices subject Largemouth Bass Micropterus salmoides to multiple stressors, causing homeostatic physiological disturbances. The combined effects of ambient and live well temperature on stress responses from exercise have not been thoroughly examined. Large numbers of fish required for stress experiments can be produced by intensive culture, but hatchery fish may differ physiologically from wild fish due to dietary carbohydrates. Therefore, the effects of diet, population, and temperature on stress response and health were examined. Stress responses were similar among fish fed formulated and live diets and liver health improved within 4-6 weeks. Although cortisol responses of hatchery and wild fish differed, secondary stress responses were similar. Fish subjected to simulated angling at temperatures of 17, 25, 33 °C with live well temperature differentials of -4, 0, +4 °C, had the lowest resilience to stress at the warmest temperatures, exhausting energy supplies, coincident with metabolic acidosis and poor ion regulation.

This dissertation uses game theoretic models in a principal-agent framework to study how firms optimally manage long term career related incentives for their sales people. When sales people put sales effort they face incentives not only from short term incentives like commissions and bonuses but also from long term rewards associated with progression in their career. In particular, sales people are often motivated to get promoted and avoid being laid off, to get selected to managerial positions and to form stronger relationships with customers so that they can bargain for higher wages in the future, respectively. Three different essays examine each of these three career related incentives and how firms can optimally manage them. Essay 1 (Chapter 2) studies why and how firms use a type of promotion and layoff policy, called the Forced Ranking policy, to provide optimal long term career incentives to sales people. Findings from the essay suggests that when sales people are ambiguity averse and there is economic uncertainty regarding promotions and layoffs, firms are likely to commit to a promotion policy but may or may not commit to a layoff policy as part of Forced Ranking. Interestingly, it is shown that firms enjoying higher margins are more likely to commit to both promotion and layoffs, consistent with observations from industry practice. Results also suggest that in absence of costs from promoting and laying off employees, firms should use an up-or-out contract to motivate the sales force. Essay 2 (Chapter 3) investigates how career incentives associated with promotion of sales employees to sales management roles may interfere with selection of the right sales managers. The essay was motivated by the common observation that organizations often promote their best sales people to sales managerial roles but after promotion find that the sales people are not as good as they were expected to be in their new roles, a phenomenon called Peter Principle. An alternative explanation for this phenomenon of adverse selection is provided and possible solutions are analyzed as part of the essay. In essay 3 (Chapter 4) long term career incentives that sales reps face when they can form relationships with their customers are considered. Loyalty generated from customer-salesperson relationships is often "owned" by the sales person and it can be lost if the sales person moves to another firm. Therefore, firms compete for both customers as well as sales reps with the objective of poaching customers that are loyal to the sales reps. The essay analyzes how firms can deal with such a competition. Findings suggest that contrary to general beliefs, the presence of anti-employee poaching regulations like Non-Compete clauses, or tacit collusion to not poach each other's employees may hurt firm profits under some conditions. Overall, the dissertation answers how firms can manage sales force career incentives to maximize profits.

Thesis (MA (Political Science))--Stellenbosch University, 2008. / This study focuses on the bidding for sports mega-events, their subsequent planning, and the politics surrounding these processes. The specific examples analysed here are those of the FIFA Football World Cup™ in Germany in 2006, and the forthcoming 2010 World Cup to be hosted by South Africa. The events are examined against a backdrop of increasing competition to host mega-events, spurred on by a widespread belief in the economic benefits that result from hosting, with a frequent disregard for the social and economic costs involved. Four central research questions are addressed in the course of this thesis. The first is the role of corporate actors and their influence on mega-events, the second is the question of what processes characterise both the bidding and planning stages of an event, including the main actors, agendas and discourses involved in both of these stages. Thirdly, the significance of hosting the World Cup in both the German and South African case is examined, and fourthly, the long-term implications of South Africa’s hosting of the 2010 World Cup, both for the country itself and for developing nations more broadly, is considered. The research methodology used for this thesis is predominately qualitative, and utilises mostly secondary sources, including books, academic articles, press articles, and information off the official websites of the football organisations involved. The main findings of this thesis are that while both countries in question had seemingly compelling reasons for hosting the World Cup, and while benefits can stem from the event, the longevity of such benefits is questionable, and the costs involved can be especially heavy in a developing context such as that of South Africa. Furthermore, those that stand to benefit the most from the events include transnational corporate actors, with the implication that significant financial gains never reach the host economy. Nevertheless, an ever-increasing willingness on the part of numerous nations to host mega-events means that the German and South African cases can provide lessons for future hosts, and South Africa’s World Cup has particular significance as a test case for mega-events hosted by developing nations. Finally, this thesis stresses the need for further research in this field. It also aims to break some new ground by examining the commonalities and contrasts to be found in the bidding and planning processes of a mega-event as carried out by a developed and a developing nation.

Thesis (MScSportSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2014. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: With the introduction of professionalism in 1995, rugby union has rapidly and continuously changed. One such change was the introduction of several law changes after the 2007 Rugby World Cup to increase the appeal, continuity and safety of the game. Research on the effects of these law changes has primarily focused on the technical and tactical aspects of the game and very little on the changes to the physical profile of match play, particularly in a South African context. The first objective of this study was to compare the 2007 and 2013 seasons of the South African Currie Cup tournament in order to determine whether there were any effects as a result of the law changes on the scoring, time interval, general skills and contact profiles. The second objective was to compare the 2007 and 2013 seasons of the South African Currie Cup tournament in order to determine the impact of the law changes on the time variables. This thesis will follow a research article format. Research article one will address the first objective of the study. The first major finding of the study was that the profile of the game has changed to a more physical and continuous game. There was an increase in the number of player actions (passing, tackling and rucks/mauls) (p < 0.01), as well as significantly more penalty goals (p < 0.01). The results further revealed that fewer tries were scored (p = 0.07), while the number of stoppages to the game, scrums and line-outs also showed a decrease (p < 0.01). These findings, mentioned above, were more prominent in the second half of the match. A trend revealed that teams were adopting a more defensive playing style, whereby they sacrificed committing numbers to the breakdowns and rather commit players on defence. This has created a more physically intense match with fewer tries being scored. The second research article will address the second objective of the study. Results of the study show that the profile of the game has changed to a more dynamic, continuous game with less time spent in rucks/mauls and fewer set pieces (scrums and line-outs). The duration of the match has increased owing to an increase in total stoppage time, mainly as a result of greater use being made of the TMO. This is evident in the significant increase in total match time (p < 0.01) and total stoppage time (p < 0.01), while the total ball-in-play time was significantly less (p < 0.01). The total tackle time has increased significantly (p < 0.01), while the total ruck/maul, scrum and line-out time decreased significantly (p < 0.01). By analysing the match profile, as with this thesis, coaches and trainers will be better informed to develop training programmes that are specific to the demands of modern match play. Based on the results, coaches and trainers should develop individual and team performance profiles to better understand the physical demands experienced by the players and teams, which will assist in implementing more specific recovery strategies and planning of training loads. The conditioning and skills development of players should focus primarily on contact situations (tackling and rucking) by adding contact elements to agility training and skill-based drills. With the various contact times measured, trainers can determine specific durations of muscle tension needed to overload and strengthen players by adjusting the movements of an exercise. These applications will allow coaches and trainers to prepare players for the specific demands of the modern game. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Sedert die begin van professionalisme in rugby in 1995 het die spel vinnig en aanhoudend verander. Een van hierdie veranderinge was die instelling van verskeie reëlveranderings ná die 2007 Rugby Wêreldbekertoernooi om die aantreklikheid, kontinuïteit en veiligheid van die spel te verhoog. Navorsing wat die uitwerking van hierdie reëlveranderings ondersoek het, het veral gefokus op die tegniese en taktiese aspekte van die spel en baie min op die veranderinge in die fisieke profiel van wedstrydspel, veral in die Suid-Afrikaanse konteks. Die eerste doelwit van die studie was om die 2007 en 2013 seisoen van die Suid-Afrikaanse Curriebekertoernooi te vergelyk om te bepaal wat die uitwerking van die reëlveranderings op die aanteken van punte, tydsinterval, algemene vaardighede en kontakprofiele was. Die tweede doelwit was om die 2007 en 2013 seisoen van die Suid-Afrikaanse Curriebekertoernooi te vergelyk om die impak van die reëlveranderings op tydveranderlikes te bepaal. Hierdie tesis is saamgestel volgens ‘n artikelgebaseerde formaat. Navorsingsartikel een spreek die eerste doelwit van die studie aan. Die eerste hoofbevinding van die studie was dat die spel verander het na ‘n meer fisieke, aaneenlopende tipe spel, met ‘n toename in speler-aksies (aangeë, laagvatte, losskrums en losgemale) en ‘n afname in die aantal kere wat die spel gestop het, veral in die tweede helfte. Daar was ‘n toename in die aantal speler-aksies (aangeë, laagvatte, losskrums en losgemale) (p < 0.01), sowel as beduidend meer strafskoppe (p < 0.01). Resultate het verder gewys dat minder drieë gedruk is (p = 0.07), terwyl die aantal kere wat die spel gestop het, en skrums en lynstane ook verminder het (p < 0.01). Die bevindings soos hierbo uiteengesit, was meer prominent in die tweede helfte van ‘n wedstryd. Daar was ‘n neiging dat spanne ‘n meer verdedigende speelstyl aangeneem het, waar hulle verkies het om spelers op verdedigend te plaas as om meer spelers by die afbreekpunte te hê. Dit het ‘n wedstryd geskep wat fisiek meer intens was met minder drieë wat gedruk is. Die tweede navorsingsartikel het die tweede doelwit van die studie aangespreek. Resultate van die studie het aangedui dat die profiel van die spel verander het na ‘n meer dinamiese, aaneenlopende spel met ‘n afname in die tyd wat aan losskrums/losgemale bestee word, met minder vaste spel (skrums en lynstane). Die duur van die wedstryd het toegeneem as gevolg van ‘n toename in die totale stoptyd, veral as gevolg van die gebruik van die TMO. Dit blyk uit die beduidende toename in totale wedstrydtyd (p < 0.01) en totale stoptyd (p < 0.01), terwyl die totale tyd wat die bal in spel was, betekenisvol afgeneem het (p < 0.01). Die totale laagvattyd het beduidend toegeneem (p < 0.01), terwyl die totale losskrum-/losgemaal-, skrum- en lynstaantyd betekenisvol afgeneem het (p < 0.01). Deur die wedstrydprofiel te ontleed, kan afrigters hul oefenprogram aanpas om aan die spesifieke vereistes van wedstrydspel te voldoen. Afrigters behoort profiele van individuele en spanprestasie te ontwikkel wat op die resultate gegrond is ten einde ‘n beter begrip te verkry van die fisieke eise waaraan die spelers en spanne onderwerp word. Dit sal help met die implementering van spesieke herstelstrategieë en die beplanning van oefenladings. Die kondisionering en vaardigheidsontwikkeling van spelers behoort hoofsaaklik toegespits te word op kontaksituasies (laagvatte en losskrums) deur kontakelemente by ratsheids- en vaardigheidsoefeninge te voeg. Deur die meting van die verskillende kontaktye kan afrigters die spesifieke duur van spierspanning bepaal wat nodig is om spelers sterker te maak, en die bewegings van ‘n oefening daarvolgens aanpas. Hierdie toepassings sal afrigters in staat stel om spelers vir die bepaalde eise van die moderne spel voor te berei.

Thesis (MBA) -- Stellenbosch University, 2007. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: South Africa has been granted a unique opportunity in being nominated as the first African nation to host the FIFA World Cup, and one of the first developing nations to host a global mega sporting event. The successful hosting of this event could provide the country with a global platform to promote the richness, diversity, and vast economic opportunities to the world stage. Economic development and significant global events taking place in South Africa may further contribute to leadership in the continent, and bring increased business and consumer confidence into prominence, as well as increase the leverage of private capital. The South African business and investment environment is in transition from a primary focus on construction, mining, manufacturing in the automotive, timber and steel sectors, to a knowledge economy focusing on sector development of skills training, education , IT and teleccmmunications, and property development. Infrastructure capacity, service delivery and skills shortages and the high rate of structural unemployment impose significant supply-side constraints with regard to the impact on the rate of real GDP growth and how growth is translated into employment opportunities and socio-economic development for the Western Cape and South Africa. Cape Town's position as co-host to selected events in 2009 and 2010 provides the critical window of opportunity to expand infrastructure investment to ensure a truly global destination of choice for investors and tourists. This event offers Cape Town the opportunity to ensure sustainable legacies, especially in terms of transport systems, the creation of a green lung in the midst of the city, improved service delivery and a world class multi purpose facility. All these contribute to the accelerated and shared economic growth of the City of Cape Town and the Province of the Western Cape. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Suid-Afrika se nominasie as die eerste land in Afrika om as gasheer vir die FIFA Wereldbeker 2010 op te tree, is 'n unieke geleentheid. Suid-Afrika is ook een van die eerste ontwikkelende lande wat toegewys is om hierdie sport geleentheid aan te bied. Die suksesvolle aanbieding van hierdie geleentheid, kan Suid-Afrika die geleentheid bied om die unieke diversiteite en ryke ekonomiese geleenthede van die land aan die wereld ten toon te stel. Ekonomiese ontwikkeling en hierdie besondere gebeurtenis in Suid-Afrika, mag verder bydra tot die bevordering van leierskap op die kontinent en 'n verhoogde vlak van sake- en verbruikersvertroue wat die verhoging van privaat kapitaalbesteding kan aanmoedig. Die Suid-Afrikaanse sake en investeringsomgewing is in transformasie vanaf 'n primere fokus op konstruksie, myne, en die vervaardigingsbedryf, veral die motor, hout en staal sektore, na 'n kennis gedrewe ekonomie met 'n klemverskuiwing na ontwikkeling binne die sektore, van vaardigheidsopleiding. informasie tegnologie, telekommunikasie en eiendomsontwikkeling. 'n Tekort aan voldoende infrastruktuur-en dienslewering kapasiteit, 'n tekort aan vaardighede, sowel as die hoe koers van strukturele werkloosheid, veroorsaak beperkinge met betrekking tot die impak op die greei van die Bruto Binnelandse Preduk, en hoe hierdie greei snel omgeskakel kan word in werksgeleenthede en sosio-ekonomiese ontwikkeling vir die Wes-Kaap en Suid-Afrika. Kaapstad se gedeelde posisie as gasheer van spesifieke geleenthede in 2009 en 2010, verskaf die geleentheid om deur middel van die uitbreiding van infrastruktuur investering te verseker dat investeerders en toeriste, Kaapslad as 'n volwaardige globale bestemming beskou. Hierdie gebeurtenis bied ook aan Kaapstad die geleentheid om op 'n volhoubare ontwikkelingswyse 'n besondere nalatenskap te verseker, veral met betrekking tot die vervoerstelsel, die skepping van 'n green long in die middestad, verskerpte dienslewering en 'n wereldklas veeldoelige fasiliteit, wat in totaal bydra tot die versnelde en gedeelde ekonomiese greei van die Stad Kaapstad en die Provinsie Wes-Kaap.