Increase the probability of prevent road accidents by installing autonomous systems in a vehicles is the current trend in the field of active safety with a focus on pedestrian safety. The work deals with the evaluation of intervention of active safety systém for pedestrian detection assembled in series production. Benefit of active safety systems to prevent road accidents can be achieved, for example, early warning driver of a potential collision situation sufficiently in advance to reaction and post-maneuver (braking, yaw, ..). The evaluation of the intervention of active safety systems, which aim to prevent an accident with a pedestrian is necessary to experimentally evaluate the behavior of these systems. The main objective of this work is to test the selected systém based on different types of reál accidents. Atthe time of the measurements and present, are not for experts and specialists in the field of road traffic accidents publicly accessible data about the behavior of such a systém. The work aims to evaluate the behavior of the Volvo systém in inducing reál traffic situations. For the evaluation of this systém are precisely analyzed fatal traffic accidents with pedestrians in the urban area (speed of vehicles up to 60 km/h). Simulated traffic situations by their nature cover the most common critical situations in urban traffic. Expert community and the professionals who deal with the solution of traffic accidents receive this work valuable data to deal with such accidents. Based on these measurements give more expert input data to solve a collision with a pedestrian. The basis for understanding the behavior are created graphs of distance, speed and time at a key moment of the collision. These key moments include entry a pedestrians to driving corridor of the vehicle, system's response to conflict situations, warn the driver and then autonomously brake active safety systém

In this study the aim was to investigate and nuance how the Volvo Construction Equipment (VCE) production Hub can evolve their environmental work, at Chinese wheel loader producer Shandong Lingong (SDLG), to reach Volvo standard. The study also aimed to investigate what international companies in China should take into consideration in their environmental work. The work was carried out by answering the following research questions; In which way or ways can the VCE Hub at SDLG evolve their environmental work to reach Volvo standard? What should international companies take into consideration in their environmental work when establishing on the Chinese market, and why? A lot of the information in this Thesis is based on empirical data, i.e. interviews. Three interviews with Swedish companies have been carried out. They are all highly valuing Environmental work but use different methods, their situations are unlike and they produce diverse products. Several interviews with people working with environmental issues in different ways have also been done, as well as with the SGS; a Chinese certification body. Three different companies with production in or around Shanghai were chosen; Volvo CE, SKF, and Sandvik. All three companies are originally Swedish but with production in China. Environmental work is highly prioritized in Sweden and the companies have global environmental policies and goals. The three companies were chosen because they are in different production areas but they are striving in the same direction with environmental issues in China. They are working differently and their situations are of various kinds. In 2006 Volvo CE invested in a Chinese wheel loader producer named Shandong Lingong. Volvo CE has a Hub, at the plant, which runs independently. SDLG are still not ISO 14001 certified and do not have an environmental management system (EMS) that is conformably with the Volvo demands. The most important to take into consideration when doing business in China is according to the study; top management support, to do training for the employees, mediate the importance of awareness, and to have knowledge about Chinese regulations. These are some of the issues International companies have to deal with when doing business in China. A well established EMS is a necessity for a good environmental work. To implement an EMS in the Hub as a pilot project is the best solution according to the information gathered in this thesis. SDLG could be a part-, they can evaluate-, and later it could be possible to implement the process in the whole SDLG. Due to this methodology they will learn how to work according to Volvo requirements and obtain benefits of an implementation. There are three different alternatives for the ISO 14001 certification of the Hub according to this work. For the Hub to be ISO 14001 certified together with another Volvo plant seems to be the best alternative thought it reduces the amount of work with legal authorities. VCE’s EMS will also not be compared with SDLG and it will be moneysaving. The policies and Environmental aspects (EA) though have to be rewritten to be suitable for both the factories.

The automotive industry has seen revolutionary changes in the past two decades. Vehicles are starting to incorporate within themselves a significant amount of electronic and software based components, due to which the industry has seen rapidly changing customer requirements. The traditional work processes that automotive companies have ever so often employed, with excessive documentation, inefficient work teams and redundant reporting have proven to be insufficient in the newer fast-paced environment. Agile project management methods, as the name suggests, could be a tool that these companies can utilise in order to tackle such concerns. Agile methods, until a few years ago, had constrained themselves to dynamic software development applications, but they are now slowly starting to penetrate the automotive sector. This study, hence, tries to identify the factors that contribute to an automotive organisation’s decision to transform itself into an Agile based organisation, the challenges they encounter during the change process and the subsequent impact they see post transformation.   This thesis takes the form of a case study that has been conducted within the Swedish commercial vehicle company Volvo Trucks, a subsidiary of AB Volvo. Empirics were gathered in the form of interviews and surveys to get a deeper understanding of the internal processes and the transformational journey that helped Volvo Trucks become an agile based organisation. The collected empirical data is then further interpreted through the lens of theories pertaining to change and change management. Our findings suggest that the need for a transformation from traditional methods of management to agile can be driven by forces that are both internal and external, where the forces can present themselves at the same time. The internal factors here being, the inherent dysfunctions of the traditional methods. Significant challenges faced during transformation are of an organisational nature, where a partially agile organisation struggles to coordinate between its agile and non-agile departments. Lastly, a boost in worker morale and operational advantages such as increased planning efficiency and project transparency have been seen as major benefits post transformation.

This thesis examined why an actor in the labor market, namely Volvo Cars, promotes parental leave. Previous research has shown that workplace-related factors are important for parents' use of parental leave. The purpose of this thesis was thus to highlight how actors in the labor market have the ability to influence the use of parental leave and, by extension, the development of gender equality. This thesis utilized an explanatory analysis of two policy documents and an information film about the Family Bond and three interviews with employees at Volvo Cars. The results showed that one of the reasons why Volvo Cars introduced the "Family Bond" is the company's desire to create equal opportunities for all. "Family Bond" is thus also part of Volvo Cars' inclusive approach in the sense that the company recognizes that parenting and family constellations can look different. A second reason for the implementation is Volvo Cars' aim to contribute to equal parenting. In addition, Volvo Cars believes that paid parental leave, by enabling the company to recruit and retain more women in the company, leads to more diversified perspectives which in turn drives innovation, creativity, improves productivity and the company's operations. A fourth reason for the introduction of the "Family Bond", which is also the most prominent, is that this parental leave policy is part of the entire Volvo Cars corporate culture, which is centered around the human being and the family.

During the last few decades, the awareness of environmental and social responsibility has expanded within the society. This consciousness has resulted in an increase of requirements and demands set upon companies to conduct a business that is sustainable. The automotive industry is one of many sectors that has increased its commitment to corporate social responsibility (CSR). The purpose of this thesis is to explore how CSR activities have been formed within the automotive industry and who are affected by these activities. This is done through conducting a longitudinal case study on Volvo Cars, by using a qualitative content analysis on the company’s sustainability reports from 2015 to 2019. Three dimensions were examined using a modified framework of Carroll’s CSR pyramid: environmental, ethical and philanthropic responsibility. The findings resulted in eight different themes, which were analysed with the stakeholder theory and Porter’s value chain. This study concludes that Volvo Cars’ CSR activities have been integrated into their business strategies and that environmental responsibility is the most reported theme in their sustainability reports. Furthermore, this study shows that the stakeholder that is affected significantly by the performed CSR activities of Volvo Cars is the society.

This project aims to present machine tool characteristics which may induce limiting factors in terms of flexibility. The aim is also to present a current state description of the machine tools in the production system regarding their characteristics in terms of quantifiable results. This refers to visual presentation in the form of graphs of the distribution of these characteristics among the different machine tools. A literature study was conducted to attain knowledge of machine tools and how the literature defines machine tool flexibility. Based on this, the flexibility parameters were identified. The result illustrates the current state description of the machine tools found in Volvo truck’s factory in Köping. These machine tools are lathe machines, machine centers, gear cutting machines and grinding machines. The result presents a percentage breakdown for each parameter for each of the machine types regarding the number of machines which possess a specific characteristic. The result displayed various cases of data missing. In many cases only a small percentage of data was missing, thus this result should be a sufficient representation of the situation. Meanwhile in other cases more data was missing and it leads to the result being less accurate. Overall, the acquired data in most cases should be sufficient to provide a current state description of the machines in the factory. There is no clear definition of flexibility referenced by the literature, hence it is difficult to conduct a quantitative evaluation. Moreover, there are many parameters presented in this work which emphasizes the multidimensional complexity of the problem. The parameters presented in this project directly influence the type of operations required, geometrical complexity of the workpiece, number of setups and size of workpiece which the machine is capable of handling. The machines have been grouped into the four categories mentioned above. This was done to reduce the complexity of the problem, hence not investigating each sub-category of machine (for example hobbing, skiving, etc.) The work has chosen not to group the machines based on the article they process as this would require additional knowledge of the layout and flow of material in the factory. The chosen approach will provide more of a generic visualization. A method has been developed to present a current state description of a manufacturing system regarding machine tool flexibility and how they can be evaluated. This process includes data collection and documentation of machines tools for the flexibility parameters. Hence, it can be presented how the machines within each machine type possess a specific attribute in terms of numbers or fit within a certain interval. The purpose is to present visual results of the data to illustrate for the reader the distribution of the machine characteristics for each of the machine types and parameters. / Detta projekt har som mål att presentera egenskaper hos bearbetningsmaskiner som kan medföra begränsande faktorer kopplat till flexibilitet. Målet är också att presentera en nulägesbeskrivning av bearbetningsmaskinernas egenskaper i produktionssystemet i form av kvantifierbara resultat. Detta refererar till visuella presentationer i form av grafer angående distribueringen av dessa egenskaper bland de olika bearbetningsmaskinerna. En litteraturstudie har genomförts för att tillhandahålla kunskaper om bearbetningsmaskiner och hur litteraturen definierar flexibilitet hos bearbetningsmaskiner. Resultatet illustrerar nulägesbeskrivningen av bearbetningsmaskinerna som befinner sig i Volvo Trucks fabrik i Köping. Dessa bearbetningsmaskiner är svarvar, fleroperationsmaskiner, kuggbearbetningsmaskiner och slipmaskiner. Resultatet visar en procentuell uppdelning av varje parameter for varje maskintyp, angående antalet maskiner som besitter en viss typ av egenskap. Resultatet visade på olika fall av saknad av data. I många fall saknades endast en liten andel av data, därmed bör detta resultat ge en tillräcklig representation av situationen. I andra fall saknades mer data och det leder till att resultatet blir mindre exakt. Överlag bör den insamlade datan i de flesta fall vara tillräcklig för att presentera en nulägesbeskrivning av maskinerna i fabriken. Det finns ingen tydlig definition av flexibilitet som nämns i litteraturen, därmed medför detta svårigheter att utföra en kvantitativ utvärdering. Dessutom presenteras det många olika parametrar i detta arbete, vilket understryker problemets flerdimensionella komplexitet. Parametrarna presenterade i detta arbete påverkar direkt vilken typ av operation som behövs, geometriska komplexiteten av arbetsstycket, antalet uppspänningar och storleken på arbetsstycket som maskinen kan hantera. Maskinerna har grupperats i fyra olika kategorier som nämndes ovan. Detta gjordes för att minska komplexiteten av problemet, därmed undersöks inte underkategorierna av maskinerna (till exempel hobbing skiving etcetera). Arbetet har valt att inte gruppera maskinerna baserat på vilken artikel de bearbetar, eftersom detta skulle behöva ytterligare kunskaper om layouten och flödet av material i fabriken. Det valda tillvägagångssättet ger en mer generell visualisering. En metod har tagits fram för att presentera en nulägesbeskrivning av ett produktionssystem med avseende på flexibiliteten hos bearbetningsmaskiner och hur de kan utvärderas. Denna process inkluderar datainsamling och dokumentation av flexibilitetsparametrarna hos bearbetningsmaskinerna. Därmed kan det presenteras hur maskinerna inom varje maskintyp besitter en specifik egenskap i form av siffror eller passar inom ett specifikt intervall. Syftet är att presentera visuella resultat av datan för att illustrera för läsaren om distribueringen av maskinegenskaperna för varje maskintyp och parameter.

Environmental issues are a hot topic in political debates and residents are becoming more and more aware of them, forcing car manufacturers to follow a strategy based on these principles. Our goal with the study is to analyze four different car manufacturers' commercials to find out how they create their commercials to succeed in selling and make a product that is stressful for climate emissions appear harmless. The method used for this empirical study is a qualitative content analysis based on four different commercials. The manufacturers are Volvo, Volkswagen, Kia and Toyota, which are the most common car brands in Sweden when the study is executed. The result we ended up with is that the car manufacturers embrace the environmental issue so much that their films consist as much of nature as their car. It can't be missed that they are no longer promoting a fossil fuel future. There are many elements of nature in different ways and we could see that they want to present an image of being environmentally conscious and they want to show that their identity is progressive and modern to attract consumers to keep buying their cars.

Participants were 15 professional sailors, ranging in age from 23-49 years (M age = 35.9 years; SD = 7.4), who competed in the 2005/06 VOR. After receiving approval from the Temple University Institutional Review Board, the researcher recruited participants who were subsequently required to provide informed consent to participate in the study. Using a semi-structured interview format, face-to-face interviews were completed with three sailors in Miami, FL, and with nine sailors in Valencia, Spain (three interviews with individual participants, one interview with two participants, and a focus group with four participants). Three interviews were completed via telephone. All interviews were transcribed verbatim. Each transcript was then analysed through an inductive open coding process. Data analysis revealed nine major themes (Background, Skiffs on Steroids, Boat Breakdowns, Managing Self, Pressure, Tragedy, Extreme, Team, and Reflecting) with associated subthemes, and three dimensions (Resonance, Edgework, and Performance Capacities) with associated subdimensions. A framework for understanding the experiences of the sailors was conceived in the form of a model depicting the dimensions of resonance (a passion for adventure and the VOR in particular), edgework (a desire and ability to perform in high-risk, life threatening situations), and performance capacities (team, individual, and boat). The model suggests an interplay between the dimensions of edgework and resonance, against which is set the performance dimension. This study is the first to take a glimpse inside the experiences of professional ocean racing sailors who compete in fully crewed around-the-world races. Findings confirm the widely held belief that the VOR is an extreme and unique event in the world of sport. / Kinesiology

In today's society, technology that does not have integrated app control or digital control is considered outdated. In fact, the technological growth of new features and innovations has grown exponentially over the past 100 years. This rapid development makes it difficult for manufacturers of larger products and machinery to keep up, both due to time constraints and economic reasons. The purpose of the thesis was to evaluate the benefits of digitalizing the electrical system in a vehicle, as well as developing a demorig with accompanying electrical architecture that demonstrates its feasibility. During the course of the work, it became clear that the major benefits of digitalizationwere a reduction in errors and malfunctions, while increasing flexibility and communication capabilities. Finally, a fully functional solution was presented that was tailored to meet the requirements of Volvo Trucks, with the goal of being implemented in the next version of their Crew Cab. The logic behind the system was functionally tested in a demo rig that included all components from the cab. The project demonstrated a significant reduction in cabling with the ability to control components with high precision through pulse width modulation signals and transistors.

This thesis explores innovative methodologies to assess finger strain during the assembly process atVolvo Trucks in Tuve. With the increased complexity and frequency of tasks in truck assembly, particularly with the shift to electric truck production, ergonomic concerns have risen, notably around the strain on operators’ fingers. Our project aims to identify a reliable and precise tool to measure the forces exerted on the fingers during these assembly tasks, addressing the limitations of current dynamometers which struggle in confined spaces, on non-flat surfaces and with different types of grips. Using a combination of empirical studies, expert consultations, and ergonomic tool evaluations, we evaluated various measurement tools and technologies. The study involved detailed observations and interviews at the assembly plant to identify critical ergonomic challenges. We then tested selected devices under real-world conditions to evaluate their effectiveness in capturing accurate force measurements. Our findings suggest that the integration of advanced sensor technologies can improve ergonomic assessment of assembly tasks by providing more accurate real-time data. This would allow for a better design of tools and work processes, ultimately improving worker safety and productivity. / Det här examensarbetet utforskar innovativa metoder för att bedöma fingerbelastning under monteringsprocessen hos Volvo Trucks i Tuve. Med en ökad komplexitet och mängd av arbetsuppgifter vid montering av lastbilar, särskilt med övergången till produktionen av eldrivna lastbilar, har de ergonomiska problemen ökat. Särskilt vad gäller belastningen på operatörernas fingrar. Vårt projekt syftar till att identifera ett tillförlitlig och exakt verktyg för att mäta de krafter som utövas från fingrarna under dessa monteringsmoment, och att adressera begränsningarna hos nuvarande kraftmätningsverktyg som har svårt att användas i trånga utrymmen, på ojämna ytor och vid olika typer av grepp. Genom en kombination av empiriska studier, expertkonsultationer och utvärderingar av ergonomiska verktyg, utvärderade vi olika mätverktyg och mättekniker. Projektet involverade detaljerade observationer och intervjuer i Tuvefabriken för att identifiera kritiska ergonomiska utmaningar. Vi testade sedan utvalda produkter under verkliga förhållanden för att utvärdera deras effektivitet i att fånga krafter från fingrarna. Våra resultat tyder på att integrationen av avancerade sensorteknologier kan förbättra den ergonomiska bedömningen av monteringsmoment genom att tillhandahålla mer exakt realtidsdata. Detta skulle möjliggöra en bättre utformning av verktyg och arbetsprocesser, vilket slutligen förbättrar säkerhet och produktivitet.