This study analyzes Lloyd Alexander's The Prydain Chronicles through a Jungian lens. Previous scholarship on Alexander's works has briefly considered archetypal criticism, but not extensively. Bruno Bettelheim's thoughts are used intermittently throughout the thesis. This study concentrates on Taran's individuation process, the discovery of true selfhood, and his consequent development of a whole psyche.

Bakgrund: Diabetes typ 1 klassas idag som ett globalt folkhälsoproblem. Det är en obotlig autoimmun sjukdom som oftast framträder i ung ålder. Det största ansvaret ligger på individen att sköta sin egenvård för att undvika akuta och sena komplikationer. Förutsättningarna för att individen ska sköta sin omvårdnad på bästa sätt är att få adekvat information och utbildning från sjukvården. Syfte: Beskriva unga vuxnas upplevelse av att leva med diabetes mellitus typ 1. Metod: Det utfördes en litteraturöversikt där tio vetenskapliga artiklar inkluderades i resultatet. Resultatartiklarna hämtades från databaserna CINAHL Complete och Pubmed och består av både kvalitativa och kvantitativa studier. Resultat: I resultatet framkom tre huvudteman och sju underteman. Det första temat var Attityder gentemot diabetes med Fördelar samt Nackdelar med diabetes som underteman. Andra temat som framkom var Stöd från omgivningen med Stöd från familj och vänner, Stöd från vården samt Stöd från andra som lever med diabetes som underteman. Det sista temat var Upplevelse av egenvård med Vikten av planering samt Svårigheter med egenvård som underteman. Diskussion: I diskussionen diskuteras valet av tillvägagångssätt för att få fram resultatet samt förankring av Dorothea Orems egenvårdsteori i det presenterade resultatet som framkom. / Background: Type 1 diabetes is today classified as a global public health problem. It is an incurable autoimmune disease that usually appears at a young age. The greatest responsibility lies within the individual in taking care of his or her own care to avoid acute and late complications. The conditions for the individual to take care of his/her care in the best way is to obtain adequate information and education from the health care system. Aim: Describe young adults' experience of living with diabetes mellitus type 1. Method: A literature review was carried out in which ten scientific articles were included in the results. The results articles were retrieved from the Cinahl and Pubmed databases and consist of both qualitative and quantitative studies. Results: The result showed three main themes and seven sub-themes. The first theme was Attitudes towards diabetes with Advantages of diabetes and Disadvantages of diabetes as a sub-theme. Other themes that emerged were Support from the environment with Support from family and friends, Support from care and Support from others living with diabetes as a sub-theme. The final theme was Experience of self-care with The importance of planning as well as Difficulties with self-care as a sub-theme. Discussion: The discussion discusses the choice of approach to obtain the result and anchoring Dorothea Orem's self-care theory in the presented result that emerged.

In order to empower adolescents, this thesis examines how the adult conception of the human in humanism disempowers adolescents. This thesis examines this process in Amie Kaufman and Jay Kristoff's Illuminae, a work of young adult science fiction with non-traditional text structures. In consequence of their disempowerment, the adolescent Kady and artificially intelligent AIDAN impersonate human authorities in order to gain control over their lives. When these attempts fail, Kady and AIDAN transition from a humanist conception of the human, as an isolated self that balances rationality and emotionality, to a posthuman conception of the human, a distributed self that accepts the hybridization of adolescent and machine. The development of a posthuman self enables adolescents and AI control over their own lives, an alternative form of maturation that suggests a means for empowering adolescents through the use of technology. This alternative maturation counters traditional maturation in young adult science fiction and anti-technology trends in young adult science fiction.

The purpose of this thesis is to look into the accuracy of various depictions of mental illness in YA literature, and to discuss the benefits of such literature in understanding adolescent mental illness, given a background of bibliotherapy and illness narratives. This paper analyzes five fictional novels that were selected with consideration to their popularity, relevance, and relatability. These are analyzed using the method of content analysis. The results bring up the depictions of symptoms of depression, mania, trauma, obsessions and compulsions, and suicidal ideations. To evaluate the clinical accuracy of the symptoms described in the selected books, they are compared to the DSM5. The disorders considered in this paper are Major Depressive Disorder, Bipolar I Disorder, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, and Obsessive- Compulsive Disorder, and the suicidal risk of these. The results suggest that the literature has accurate representations of adolescent mental illness. Furthermore, the use of metaphors deepens the reader’s understanding of the characters’ subjective experiences of mental illness. Thanks to its accuracy and ability to convey subjectivity, reading this kind of literature may be beneficial to anyone who seeks to further understand adolescent mental illness. / Syftet med denna rapport är att undersöka hur verklighetstrogna skildringar av psykisk ohälsa är i ungdomslitteratur och att diskutera fördelarna med sådan litteratur när det gäller att förstå psykisk ohälsa hos ungdomar, med bakgrund av biblioterapi och sjukdomsberättelser. Denna artikel analyserar fem ungdomsromaner som valts ut med hänsyn till deras popularitet, relevans och reliabilitet. Dessa analyseras med hjälp av metoden content analysis. Resultaten tar upp skildringar av symtom på depression, mani, trauma, tvångstankar och självmordstankar. För att utvärdera skildringarna av symptom som beskrivs i de utvalda böckerna jämförs de med den diagnostiska manualen DSM-5. De störningar som behandlas i denna rapport är Major Depressive Disorder, Bipolar I Disorder, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder och Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, och självmordsrisken för dessa. Resultaten tyder på att litteraturen har verklighetstrogna framställningar av psykisk ohälsa hos ungdomar. Dessutom fördjupar användningen av metaforer läsarens förståelse för karaktärernas subjektiva upplevelser av mental sjukdom. Tack vare litteraturens realistiska skildringar och förmåga att förmedla subjektivitet kan läsning av denna typ vara till nytta för alla som försöker att bättre förstå ungdomars psykiska ohälsa.

The thesis focuses on posttraumatic growth in adolescents and young adults. The subject of the research is finding and tracking reactions and changes that emerge after a specific stimulus - an existentially experienced trauma, where at the core is realizing the threat of life and afterwards thinking about one's own death. The theoretical part deals with psychological and philosophical sources of current concepts of post-traumatic growth. These sources support our assumption that for the specific course of post-traumatic reactions and changes the subject category or objective severity of events is not relevant. It is the respondents own perception of a life threat. We also deal with a particular PTG model by Tedeschi and Calhoun, whose concept of changes after a major life event was chosen as the starting point for our research and whose PTGI questionnaire is used in the quantitative part. In the empirical part we chose mixed research design. First, a quantitative part of the research was carried out, involving 407 respondents aged 17-25. The aim of this part was to determine the rate of post-traumatic growth and to demonstrate that perceived life threats occur among respondents across all event categories. The personal perception of a life threat will result into a higher score achieved in both...

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The aim of this study is to investigate young adults’ perspectives on the increased shootings in their neighborhoods and how their perspectives relate to the public debate. This study also aims to inquire what measures young adults consider works against the increased shootings. The study is based on seven semi-structured interviews with young adults aged between 20 – 30 years from Järvaområdet. The empirical data was analyzed with inductive thematic analysis and resulted in four main themes. To describe and understand some of the themes we used labeling theory and the concepts of stigma and normalization. The research shows that the experience of the increased shootings has been normalized in the public debate and between the residents in the neighborhood. One of the findings indicates that the preventive measures doesn’t seems to match the needs in the neighborhoods. The overall conclusion shows that the shooting in the neighborhoods affects all in different levels and thus shows the importance to lift the different perspectives for instance future studies.

Bakgrund: Diabetes typ 1 är en komplex kronisk sjukdom som blir allt mer frekvent i världen. Idag har cirka 50 000 personer diagnosen diabetes typ 1 i Sverige. Sjukdomsdebuten sker vanligtvis under en kort tidsperiod under barn- eller ungdomsåren och kräver stora omställningar i livet. Det är grundläggande att ta reda på hur personerna själva erfar livet med diabetes typ 1. Sjuksköterskan kan med den informationen ge lämpligt stöd för personerna att förbättra hanterandet och upplevelsen av att leva med diabetes typ 1. Syfte: Syftet med litteraturöversikten var att beskriva unga vuxnas upplevelser av att leva med diabetes typ 1. Metod: Som metod valdes en litteraturöversikt. Tio vetenskapliga artiklar inkluderades i resultatet där de analyserades enligt Fribergs metod. Artiklarna hämtades från databaserna CINAHL Complete och PubMed.  Resultat: Två teman med fyra underteman presenterades i resultatet. Det första temat var Möjligheter och dilemman med diabetes typ 1, underteman till detta var Möjligheter med sjukdomen samt Svårigheter med sjukdomen.Andra temat bestod av Stöd från omgivningen, underteman till detta var Stöd från hälso- och sjukvården samt Stöd från familj och närstående. Slutsats: Personer med diabetes typ 1 har ett stort ansvar i att uppnå god kontroll av sjukdomen för att minska riskerna för de komplikationer som kan uppstå. Rädsla för komplikationer fanns hos flera av personerna, dock upplevde några att de blev motiverade av rädslan och såg den som en möjlighet. Unga vuxna genomgår en transition där stöd från omgivningen är betydande för att ta sig an de olika situationerna som uppstår. / Background: Diabetes type 1 is a complex chronic disease that is becoming increasingly common in the world. Today, about 50 000 people are diagnosed with diabetes type 1 in Sweden. The beginning of the disease usually occurs during a short period of time during childhood or adolescence and requires major adjustments in life. It is essential to find out how people themselves experience life with diabetes type 1. With this information, the nurse can give appropriate support for the people to improve the management and experience of living with diabetes type 1. Aim: The aim of the literature review was to describe young adults’ experiences of living with diabetes type 1. Method: A literature review was chosen as the method. Ten scientific articles were included and the results were analyzed according to Friberg's method. The articles were retrieved from the databases CINAHL Complete and PubMed.  Results: Two themes with four sub-themes were presented in the results. The first theme was Opportunities and dilemmas with diabetes type 1, subthemes for this were Opportunities with the disease and Difficulties with the disease. The second theme consisted of Support from the environment, subthemes for this were Support from health care and Support from family and relatives. Conclusion: People with diabetes type 1 have a great responsibility in achieving good control of the disease to reduce the risks of the complications that may occur. Fear of complications was present in several of the people, however some felt that they were motivated by the fear and saw it as an opportunity. Young adults undergo a transition where support from the environment is significant to deal with the various situations that occurs.

In this thesis I aim to analyze the modern classic book The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger (1951) in an attempt to determine whether one can categorize it as a Young Adult book or not. The novel itself was published as an adult book, but my research shows that it gets both mentioned and used as an example as a novel that has influenced Young Adult literature since its publication. Furthermore, it features many of the criteria that define Young Adult literature. The aforementioned criteria are as follows: death, drugs, war, sex, alcohol, politics, suffering, gender roles, (sexual) liberation, and absent or unaware parents and adults. In addition, Young Adult literature usually uses a first-person perspective, which has led to discussions about whether the said narrator can be trusted or not. The Catcher in the Rye demonstrates many of these criteria – death, war, sex, alcohol, suffering, and parental figures and their roles. In my analysis, I focus on death, parents and the narration, specifically whether or not Holden Caulfield can be classified as an unreliable narrator. By researching the history of Young Adult literature – when it first appears as a genre and how the events come about – as well as looking into the criteria that defines the genre, I perform my analysis by doing a close reading of The Catcher in the Rye. By using my newfound facts, I discuss whether or not the novel can be categorized as Young Adult literature.