Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T20:21:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Harika Merisse Maia.pdf: 2896713 bytes, checksum: 791e497d7bbebc556da8b5ba0e90f122 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-05-19 / Consejo Latinoamericano de Ciencias Sociales / The following research has, as a main concern, the investigation of the forms of youth collectives within Sao Paulo, specially those who were recently brought to light as cultural groups located in the outskirts of the city and the street protests during the year of 2013. It is intended to discuss the relation between youth, culture, territory and politics within the formation of those groups and the actions they promote. The question is: Why was an emergence of those groups in the outskirts? How are those groups politized? What are they showing? The methodology used searched for answers on the narratives produced by the youngsters and their groups and the hegemonic axis like the State and the University. Youth groups/collectives are considered spaces of simbolic construction and mediation that allow us to understand everyday questions, contradictions that happen with the urban youth and the possibilities of original creation through cultural dimension. This study is structured with the conceptions of culture and cultural dynamics developed by authors like Gramsci, Martín-Barbero, Morin and Williams, who elaborate their theories around a human possibility of projection, identification and creation, even within a structured medium / A pesquisa a seguir teve como preocupação investigar as formas de agrupamentos juvenis encontradas na cidade de São Paulo, em especial aquelas evidenciadas mais recentemente, como os coletivos culturais das periferias da cidade. Pretende-se debater a relação entre juventude, cultura, território e política na formação destes grupos e nas ações que promovem. Questiona-se: Por que houve a emergência desses grupos nas periferias? Como se dá a politização desses coletivos? Para o que apontam? A metodologia utilizada buscou respostas nas narrativas produzidas pelos jovens e seus grupos e os pólos hegemônicos como a universidade e o Estado. Os grupos/coletivos juvenis são considerados espaços de construções e mediações simbólicas que permitem compreender questões cotidianas e estruturais, contradições que atravessam o universo do jovem urbano e as possibilidades de criações originais por meio da dimensão cultural. O estudo está alicerçado, sobretudo, pelas concepções de cultura e dinâmicas culturais desenvolvidas por pensadores como Gramsci, Martín-Barbero, Morin e Williams, os quais elaboram suas teorias em torno da possibilidade humana de projeção, identificação e criação, ainda que em um meio estruturado

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T14:54:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Harika Merisse Maia.pdf: 2896713 bytes, checksum: 791e497d7bbebc556da8b5ba0e90f122 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-05-19 / Consejo Latinoamericano de Ciencias Sociales / The following research has, as a main concern, the investigation of the forms of youth collectives within Sao Paulo, specially those who were recently brought to light as cultural groups located in the outskirts of the city and the street protests during the year of 2013. It is intended to discuss the relation between youth, culture, territory and politics within the formation of those groups and the actions they promote. The question is: Why was an emergence of those groups in the outskirts? How are those groups politized? What are they showing? The methodology used searched for answers on the narratives produced by the youngsters and their groups and the hegemonic axis like the State and the University. Youth groups/collectives are considered spaces of simbolic construction and mediation that allow us to understand everyday questions, contradictions that happen with the urban youth and the possibilities of original creation through cultural dimension. This study is structured with the conceptions of culture and cultural dynamics developed by authors like Gramsci, Martín-Barbero, Morin and Williams, who elaborate their theories around a human possibility of projection, identification and creation, even within a structured medium / A pesquisa a seguir teve como preocupação investigar as formas de agrupamentos juvenis encontradas na cidade de São Paulo, em especial aquelas evidenciadas mais recentemente, como os coletivos culturais das periferias da cidade. Pretende-se debater a relação entre juventude, cultura, território e política na formação destes grupos e nas ações que promovem. Questiona-se: Por que houve a emergência desses grupos nas periferias? Como se dá a politização desses coletivos? Para o que apontam? A metodologia utilizada buscou respostas nas narrativas produzidas pelos jovens e seus grupos e os pólos hegemônicos como a universidade e o Estado. Os grupos/coletivos juvenis são considerados espaços de construções e mediações simbólicas que permitem compreender questões cotidianas e estruturais, contradições que atravessam o universo do jovem urbano e as possibilidades de criações originais por meio da dimensão cultural. O estudo está alicerçado, sobretudo, pelas concepções de cultura e dinâmicas culturais desenvolvidas por pensadores como Gramsci, Martín-Barbero, Morin e Williams, os quais elaboram suas teorias em torno da possibilidade humana de projeção, identificação e criação, ainda que em um meio estruturado

Makt kan utspela sig på många olika sätt, i varje sammanhang inom varje rum finns någon form av makt. I min studie har jag valt att undersöka makten i mötet mellan ungdomar och polis, utifrån ungdomars berättelser. Ungdomar är vår framtid, det är våra framtida ledare och politiker, det är de som kommer att ta över världen efter oss, därför är det viktigt att vi tar hand om våra ungdomar och att vi skapar en ljus framtid för dem. För att våra ungdomar ska bli välartade måste vi undersöka förhållanden som påverkar dem och deras utveckling av jaget. Därför har jag valt att undersöka makten i mötet mellan dem och polisen då jag anser att mötet påverkar dem och deras framtid. Poliser ingår i vårt rättsväsende, vi ger dem makt och legitimitet för att de ska skydda oss och bekämpa brottsligheten. Alla som har blivit utsatta för någon form av brott upplever det starka behovet av en disciplin som ska bevaka vår rätt och få oss att känna trygghet när vi går ut, trygghet när vi är i våra hem, tryggheten att kunna leva och vara fria. Men hur blir det när vi, den stora majoriteten ger så mycket makt till enstaka individer som ska bevaka vår rätt. Poliser är också mänskliga varelser som kan falla för frestelser och mänskliga reaktioner. Och hur blir det när vi ger poliser makt att hjälpa och skydda våra ungdomar och de istället använder sin makt för att trycka ner och kränka dem. Ja, makt är ett strakt ord som kan ge upphov till många olika konsekvenser. / ABSTRACTPower can be played out in many different ways. In my study I have chosen to investigate the power of the encounter between youth and police, from stories told by youth. In order to help our young people to become functional human beings, we must examine the relations which can affect them and their development of self and therefor I have chosen to explore the power in the meeting between them and the police because I believe that the meeting affects them and their future. Police officers are part of our judicial system we give them power and legitimacy not only to fight crime but also to protect us. Anyone who has been subjected to some form of crime feel a strong need for a discipline that will guard our rights. But what about when we, the great majority give so much power to certain individuals in order to guard our right. What if the individuals that we have given the right to protect us instead missuses this power in order to suppress and abuse? Yes, power is an abstract word that can provide many different consequences. I will try to explore the power in the meeting between young people and the police in this essay by trying to find the answers to these questions.- How does the meeting between youth and police look like?- Which aspects of power are there?- How do young people experience the power of the police?- How is the power played out in the meeting between youths and police?- What are the consequences of the power in the meeting?I have chosen to use phenomenology as theory and focus my remarks on Schutz's work, instead off Husserl's phenomenological philosophy. The method I have used is qualitative research through a deep group interview with five youths and one depth individual interview. The result of my study has shown that police use violence, not only necessary violence that is permissible to use by the law, but also excessive violence, violence that is unjustified. Some police officers use their power to offend and assault young people. After listening to young people's stories about the police, which confirmed the earlier research that has been done, is my conclusion that the power in the encounter between youth and police is abused by the police and that young people find this very negative.

<p>I vår undersökning vill vi synliggöra hur ungdomar tänker kring homosexualitet. Forskning kring ämnet homosexualitet bland ungdomar är viktigt för att visa alla de fördomar som finns i skolan och övriga samhället som i sin tur leder till att ungdomar med avvikande sexualitet mår psykiskt dåligt. Ämnet homosexualitet är ett brett forskningsområde. I vår undersökning har vi valt att behandla kunskapsbakgrunden med både avhandlingar, vetenskapliga artiklar, rapporter och organisationers information för att få en heltäckande bakgrund av vårt ämnesval. Vi har gjort en kvalitativ undersökning där vi delat ut enkäter till tre olika gymnasieklasser. Genom vårt resultat, som vi tolkade utifrån psykosociala teorier och forskning, kunde vi se att tjejer överlag har en mer positiv inställning till homosexualitet än killar samt att de ungdomar som hade någon form av relation till en homosexuell person hade en större acceptans till ämnet.</p> / <p>In this study we want to illustrate how youth thinks and feels about homosexuality. Studying just this has been shown to be very important, to show youth and society how prejudice and bad attitudes against the subject can produce psychological problems among youth with deviating sexualities. Homosexuality is a very large area of study. We have chosen to focus our study on the knowledge-background, dissertations, scientific articles, reports, and different organisation’s information to try and completely cover the subject we have chosen. We made a qualitative questionnaire, which we then handed out to tree different classes in the upper secondary school for answering. Through our results, which we concluded based on the psychosocial theories and scientific studies earlier made in this area, we could see that females in general had a more positive approach to homosexuality than males. It also showed that males/females who could relate to, or knew a homosexual individual had a bigger understanding and where more tolerating to it.</p>

I vår undersökning vill vi synliggöra hur ungdomar tänker kring homosexualitet. Forskning kring ämnet homosexualitet bland ungdomar är viktigt för att visa alla de fördomar som finns i skolan och övriga samhället som i sin tur leder till att ungdomar med avvikande sexualitet mår psykiskt dåligt. Ämnet homosexualitet är ett brett forskningsområde. I vår undersökning har vi valt att behandla kunskapsbakgrunden med både avhandlingar, vetenskapliga artiklar, rapporter och organisationers information för att få en heltäckande bakgrund av vårt ämnesval. Vi har gjort en kvalitativ undersökning där vi delat ut enkäter till tre olika gymnasieklasser. Genom vårt resultat, som vi tolkade utifrån psykosociala teorier och forskning, kunde vi se att tjejer överlag har en mer positiv inställning till homosexualitet än killar samt att de ungdomar som hade någon form av relation till en homosexuell person hade en större acceptans till ämnet. / In this study we want to illustrate how youth thinks and feels about homosexuality. Studying just this has been shown to be very important, to show youth and society how prejudice and bad attitudes against the subject can produce psychological problems among youth with deviating sexualities. Homosexuality is a very large area of study. We have chosen to focus our study on the knowledge-background, dissertations, scientific articles, reports, and different organisation’s information to try and completely cover the subject we have chosen. We made a qualitative questionnaire, which we then handed out to tree different classes in the upper secondary school for answering. Through our results, which we concluded based on the psychosocial theories and scientific studies earlier made in this area, we could see that females in general had a more positive approach to homosexuality than males. It also showed that males/females who could relate to, or knew a homosexual individual had a bigger understanding and where more tolerating to it.

This study was conducted in South Africa among a total of 86 South African adolescents. The aim of this study was to investigate self-perceived health among youths from two different socio-economic groups in South Africa, what they believe promote their health and what views they have on school health education. The study used a mixed method approach consisting of quantitative questionnaires and qualitative interviews. The study draws Aaron Antonovsky’s theory of health, the salutogenic perspective and the sense of coherence theory. In addition, Antonovsky’s 29-item orientation to life questionnaire formed the quantitative part of the study. The main findings of this study is that higher socio-economic status does not necessarily correlate with higher SOC. Family and supportive people had the greatest affect on the adolescents’ ability to cope with stressors and are therefore the main health promoting factors. Finally, health education and the subject Life Orientation, as well as the school as an institution, are health-promoting factors and have in different ways influenced the participants’ views on health.

This thesis examines the extent to which, and the reasons why, the government of Malaysia provides educational opportunities for children and young people who are being detained in the closed (penal) institutions on orders under section 91 (1) (f) and section 97 of the Child Act, 2001. This thesis presents a detailed analysis of the driving factor(s) that motivate the government of Malaysia in formulating and implementing policy and law in regards to providing educational opportunities for such young people. The thesis, therefore, examines the conceptualization by the Malaysia Prisons Department of children‟s rights, particularly their rights to education and offender rehabilitation. Analysis reveals that, educational rights in Malaysia have such priority because education is seen generally as the way to socialize (all) young people and to improve human capital and economic potential in Malaysia. Consequently, rehabilitation in Malaysian penal institutions is conceptualized almost entirely as education. The thesis argues that the Malaysian government has been using children‟s rights to education and also offender rehabilitation to improve the process of socialization of young people in prisons institutions to enable them to contribute to the achievement of the national goals.

<p>Denna uppsats är gjord på uppdrag av Tidningsutgivarnas organisation Tidningen i skolan och grundas på en kvantitativ enkätundersökning. Uppsatsen syftar till att försöka svara på den övergripande frågan ”Vilka attityder har värmländska ungdomar till lokaltidningen?”</p><p>Enkäten ställde frågor om bakgrund, medievanor, och respondentens förväntningar på framtiden. Målgruppen avgränsades till gymnasieelever, och enkäten delades ut och samlades in under ett och samma besök i klasserna. De värmländska ungdomarna har generellt sett en relativt positiv bild av lokaltidningar. De allra flesta tror att de själva kommer att prenumerera någon gång i framtiden. Samtidigt visar resultaten att målgruppen spår lokaltidningarna en framtida nergång. Idag är det teven som är det främsta mediet för nyheter. Lokaltidningarna hamnar på en andraplats på samma lista. Får ungdomarna titta tio år in i framtiden tror de fortfarande att det är teven som är det främsta nyhetsmediet. Lokaltidningarna tappar på bekostnad av Internet, men hittas fortfarande på topp-tre.</p><p>Bara en tredjedel av ungdomarna upplever att deras lokaltidning riktar sig till deras åldersgrupp, knappt någon tvivlade på vuxna som målgrupp. När vi bad dem bedöma sina respektive lokaltidningars olika egenskaper var de flesta försiktigt positiva eller likgiltiga. Värmlands tidningar är enligt våra enkätsvar varken snygg eller ful, varken pålitlig eller opålitlig, och så vidare…</p><p>Resultatet ger en aning om att lokaltidningarna står inför, om inte sin död, så åtminstone en stor utmaning.</p> / <p>This thesis was written in co-operation with the newspaper publicist organization ”Tidningen I skolan” and is based on a quantitative survey. The object of this thesis is to try to answer “What are the youth’s attitudes towards local newspapers in Värmland?” The survey asked questions about background, media habits, and expectations regarding the future. The population was limited to high school-students and the survey was handed out and collected during one visit to each of the classes.</p><p>Generally speaking, the respondents have a rather positive image of their local newspapers. A majority of them believe they’ll subscribe sometime in the future. At the same time, however, they predict a coming downturn for local newspapers. Presently, television is the number one source for news for our surveyed population, with local papers second. Asked to predict their own consumption ten years from now, internet-based news will have pushed print media down to third. But television is still on top.</p><p>Only a third of our respondents feel that their local paper caters to their own demographic, while hardly anyone doubted that grown-ups were a target group. When we asked them to appraise their local paper’s different characteristics, most were either cautiously positive or indifferent. The local newspapers in Värmland are, according to the answers we saw, neither good or bad looking, neither reliable or unreliable, and so on… The results hint at what is facing the local papers. If not their own demise, then at the very least a difficult challenge.</p>

The overall purpose of this study was to examine organized youth sports in Sweden and the possible influences over time (2 years) on some of the intended socialisation effects in terms of children’s and adolescent’s self-esteem, perceived physical and social competence, self reported pro- and antisocial behaviours, self reported psychosomatic health, and use of alcohol and tobacco. In an attempt to capture some of the complex social interactions in sports, which undoubtedly leads to different socialisation experiences, an additional purpose of this study was to examine possible relations between children and adolescent athletes’ dispositional goal orientations (task and ego), perceived motivational climate in sports, perceived sport-specific competence, perceived prosocial coaching and presumptive psychosocial effect variables. This study’s theoretical framework was primarily based on previous works by Bronfenbrenner (1979, 1992, 1995, 2001), Bronfenbrenner and Morris (1998), Nicholls (1984, 1989) and Patriksson (1995). The design of the study was a three-occasion longitudinal multiple cohort design including elements of retrospective questions. Data was collected from pupils residing in schools situated in Western and Middle parts of Sweden. The sample was based on a randomly stratified sampling procedure and comprised of 1378 pupils in total (10-18 years) distributed in primary school, lower secondary school and upper secondary school. The answering rate was high (T1=85%; T2=80%; T3=80%), but wave non-response made it necessary to impute missing data values. In total 1212 respondents were included in the final analyses. The main results showed that sport socialisation effects on youth’s prosocial development in general were rather small, with some minor exception for perceived physical competence and smoking tobacco. Consequently the results challenge the public notion that participating in organized sport “builds character.” Results related to the specific sport environment, though showed that organized sports have the potential to act as a more positive socialisation arena. It is proposed that creating a mainly task-oriented motivational climate, and helping the individual to foster a balance between task- and ego-oriented goal orientations, will increase the probability that young athletes will perceive higher levels of competence. This will, in turn, enhance the chance that participation in organized sports will have a positive effect on youths’ psychosocial development.

Nunavut Inuit youths exhibit cultural resilience and leadership. However, researchers frequently neglect such assets and instead emphasize these youths’ challenges or perceived inadequacies. I conducted an intrinsic case study regarding Nunavut Inuit youths’ experiences with an experiential learning program, Northern Youth Abroad (NYA), in order to investigate participants’ growth in cross-cultural awareness, individual career goals, leadership, and global citizenship. Drawing on post-colonial theory, semi-structured interviews, archival research, and participant observation, I argue that NYA’s Nunavut Inuit participants reported significant personal growth in these four objectives. I also provide an in-depth analysis of how NYA’s Nunavut Inuit participants described and developed distinct and rich leadership styles that draw on Inuit and Euro-Canadian influences.