O Brasil, em busca de consolidar cada vez mais o Estado Democrático, instrumentalizou a União, os Estados, os Municípios e o Distrito Federal no que se refere à gestão pública transparente, ao iniciar, no ano 2000, a implantação do Governo Eletrônico. Essa implantação foi reforçada por regulamentações posteriores, dentre as quais a Lei n 12.527/11, que obriga todos os órgãos públicos a fornecer aos cidadãos cópias de documentos administrativos e informações referentes aos atos de governo, de modo que a sociedade passa a ter possibilidade para acessar, conhecer e avaliar a gestão e o desempenho dos órgãos e dos agentes públicos e políticos por meio da Lei de Acesso à Informação. Nesse contexto, este estudo tem como objetivo analisar como a gestão pública disponibiliza informações governamentais para os seus munícipes, o que envolve os recursos de tecnologia de informação e comunicação, gestão pública participativa, e desenvolvimento regional. Como fator de desenvolvimento regional e democrático, a análise da gestão pública transparente restringe-se aos municípios situados na mesorregião do sul goiano, especificamente na microregião do sudoeste goiano, que é composta por 26 municípios. A pesquisa, quanto à sua natureza, caracteriza-se como exploratório/descritiva, de abordagem qualitativa. A coleta de dados, realizada em documentos oficiais dos municípios para posterior análise, está alinhada com as tecnologias de informação e comunicação existentes. Os resultados apresentados mostram que os portais analisados atendem, em parte, a legislação vingente, deixando de lado pontos que são considerados de fundamental importância para que se tenha uma gestão pública transparente, participativa e democrática. / Brazil, in seeking to consolidate increasingly Democratic state , instrumentalized the Union, the States , the Municipalities and the Federal District in regard to transparent governance, to approve the Law N. 12.527/11 which requires all public bodies to provide citizens with copies of administrative documents and information on acts of government , so that the company shall have the freedom to access , understand and evaluate the management and performance of agencies and public and political actors through the Law on Access to Information. Therefore, this study aims to analyze how public management provides government information to their citizens , which involves the resources of information and communication technology, public management and regional development . As regional and democratic development factor, transparent public management will be examined specifically for municipalities that are in mesoregion South Goiás , specifically in the micro-region of Southwest Goiás , which consists of 26 municipalities . The research as to their nature characterized as exploratory / descriptive , qualitative approach . Data collection will be held in official documents of the municipalities for further analysis , which should be aligned with the Information Technology and Communication exist. The results show that the analyzed portals serve, in general, the vingente legislation in the country, ignoring points that are considered of fundamental importance in order to have a transparent, participatory and democratic public management.

Through this interview, Manuel Pulgar-Vidal refers some crucial aspects related to the management being done by the Ministry of Environment (MINAM) on Sustainable Development. As the first point, the author lists the actions that MINAM has executed under the National Energy Policy of Peru, as well as those measures in which they have been working to reduce the environmental impact in the energy sector. Next, the author explains the reasons why the National Climate Change Strategy of 2003 has been implemented in only 12%; while in relation to the possible configuration of a carbon market in Peru, EnvironmentMinister confirmed its existence, adding that as a result, it has been recently approved a legal formula that defines the legal and institutional framework mechanisms to regulate compensation for ecosystem services such as the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM). Finally, Dr. Manuel Pulgar-Vidal, express its position on the package content reactivating measures that were approved earlier this year by Congress, as well as their expectations of the Twentieth Conference of the Parties to the Framework Convention United Nations Climate Change (COP 20) which our country will host. / A través de la presente entrevista, el Dr. Manuel Pulgar-Vidal se pronuncia sobre algunos aspectos cruciales vinculados a la gestión que viene realizando el Ministerio del Ambiente (MINAM) en materia de Desarrollo Sostenible. Como primer punto, el autor realiza un recuento de las acciones que hasta el momento ha ejecutado el MINAM en el marco de la Política Energética Nacional del Perú, así como aquellas medidas en las que viene trabajando para reducir el impacto ambiental en el sector energético. A continuación, el autor explica las razones por las que la implementación de la Estrategia Nacional de Cambio Climático (ENCC) de 2003 solo se ha dado en un 12%; mientras que, en relación a la posible configuración de un mercado de bonos de carbono en el Perú, el Ministro del Ambiente confirma su existencia, precisando que como consecuencia de ello recientemente se ha arribado a una fórmula legal que permite definir el marco legal e institucional para regular los mecanismos de retribución por servicios ecosistémicos, tales como el Mecanismo de Desarrollo Limpio (MDL). Finalmente, el Dr. Manuel Pulgar-Vidal, expresa su posición frente al contenido del paquete de medidas reactivadoras que fueron aprobadas hace algunos meses por el Congreso de la República, así como sus expectativas respecto a la Vigésima Conferencia de las Partes de la Convención Marco de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Cambio Climático (COP 20) de la cual será sede nuestro país.

Since the 21st century, in Peru, there has been an increase in social conflicts, mainly socio-environmental, linked to the growth of the extractive industry due to the boom in commodities. fte foregoing demonstrates a paradox between economic growth and governability that, in some cases, has resulted in episodes of extreme violence. In this scenario, the Peruvian State has developed important reforms and various tools for the management of social conflictivity through dialogue. However, the constant failure to comply with the agreements derived from the dialogue has generated the questioning of the various mechanisms. fte purpose of this article is to propose a model of analysis to study compliance with the agreements derived from the dialogue and suggest manners to improve them. fte data were recorded through tools like the bibliographic review, documental and semi-structured interviews. fte research concludes that the political content is fundamental for consensus, but its viability will depend on the technical implementation of the agreements and the promises reached. To this aim, it is proposed to explain the difficulties in the compliance management of the agreements based on three levels of analysis: a) state capacities; b) internal management of the agreement; and, c) governmental coordination. Exploratory hypotheses are being outlined for future research. / Desde el siglo XXI, en el Perú, se ha registrado un aumento de los conflictos sociales, principalmente socioambientales, vinculados al crecimiento de la industria extractiva por el boom de los commodities. Lo anterior evidencia una paradoja entre el crecimiento económico y la gobernabilidad que, en algunos casos, ha devenido en episodios de extrema violencia. Ante este escenario, el Estado peruano ha desarrollado importantes reformas y diversas herramientas para la gestión de la conflictividad social a través del diálogo. Sin embargo, el constante incumplimiento de los acuerdos derivados del diálogo ha generado el cuestionamiento de los diversos mecanismos. Este artículo tiene como objetivo proponer un modelo de análisis para estudiar el cumplimiento de los acuerdos derivados del diálogo y sugerir rutas de mejora. Se registraron datos a través de herramientas como revisión bibliográfica, documental y entrevistas semi estructuradas. La investigación concluye que el contenido político es fundamental para el consenso, pero su viabilidad dependerá de la implementación técnica de los acuerdos y las promesas alcanzadas. Para ello, se propone explicar las dificultades en la gestión del cumplimiento de los acuerdos a partir de tres niveles de análisis a) capacidades estatales, b) gestión interna del acuerdo y c) coordinación gubernamental. Se esbozan hipótesis exploratorias para futuras investigaciones.

España y Grecia, dos países económica y administrativamente diferentes, teniendo cada uno de ellos que hacer frente por un lado al creciente fenómeno de la fuga de cerebros y por otro a la incesante demanda de mano de obra internacional, principalmente cualificada según el tipo de prioridades productivas que cada uno se ha fijado para su respectivo interés, se examina a través de un análisis completo y exhaustivo de los distintos factores económicos en los que se basa cada país, para obtener una ventaja competitiva sobre el resto, ya sea sobre sus respectivos homólogos europeos o incluso sobre la competitividad internacional a la que se enfrenta la UE. El capital humano que ofrecen los migrantes a los países de destino y la falta de competitividad de los países de origen, también se examina a través de paradigmas y gráficos para ambos Estados. En conclusión, la creación de una legislación más social, junto con la estricta económica que propuso el intento fallido de implementar una constitución europea, a través de reconocidas instituciones de la UE, es una de gran importancia para el logro de un marco social atractivo para ambos, nacionales y la población acogedora.

Den här uppsatsen behandlar hur New Public Management (NPM) påverkat skolverksamheten i Borås stad.. Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka hur skolans verksamhet har påverkats av NPM och uppsatsen bygger på tidigare forskning om NPM i skolverksamhet i Sverige men även i andra delar av världen. Uppsatsen utgår från teorin om de sju NPM-doktrinerna skrivna av Christopher Hood. Information om New Public Management i skolverksamheten inhämtades genom semistrukturerade intervjuer med rektorer och vicerektorer. Det har intervjuats sex stycken rektorer eller vicerektorer totalt för denna uppsats. De som har intervjuats jobbar på skolor runt om i Borås Stad, både på privata och offentliga skolor. Respondenternas svar kodade sin i kategorier. Kategorierna bildade senare underrubrikerna i resultatdelen. Dessa underrubriker var förstelärare, konkurrens, prestationsmätning, ekonomisk återhållsamhet, detaljstyrning och allmän förändring. I resultatdelen skrivs det om respondenternas upplevelser med NPM. Utfallet i analys diskussionen var att teorin och den tidigare forskningen stämmer väl överens med det respondenterna berättat. I slutsatsen så bekräftades uppsatsens huvudfynd vilket var fynden om ekonomisk återhållsamhet, konkurrens och förstelärare. Uppsatsen har bidragit med nya fynd inom handlingsutrymme och konkurrens. Uppsatsens praktiska bidrag riktade sig främst till Borås stad men uppmanade även andra aktörer att ta plats på skolmarknaden. Offentliga verksamheter i Borås stad behöver vara mer medvetna om att NPM påverkar skolans arbete till en gradd är detaljstyrningen har en påverkan på skolans beslutsfattande. Vidare så har prestationsmätning och dokumentation påverkat skolan i en större grad där det är mycket viktigare än innan att dokumentera allt som pågår inom skolverksamheten och eleverna. Men generellt så har utvecklingen av NPM och kommunaliseringen inte varit så negativ som den har förklarats tidigare. Den största negativa aspekten av NPM är en ekonomisk återhållsamhet som ser att skolorna är fulla men att det inte finns tillräckligt många lärare, där varenda skola berättat om att de gärna hade velat anställa fler lärare. Aspekter som förstelärare tagit emot och varit något som varenda skola har höjt som något positivt. Tips på vidare forskning inom ämnet är framför allt en jämförelse mellan olika kommuner, för att kunna se likheter och skillnader i hur de olika kommunerna fungerar. / This essay covers how New Public Management (NPM) has influenced the schools in the municipality of Borås. The purpose of the essay is to examine how the school operation has been influenced by NPM and thees say is based on previous research about NPM in schools in Sweden as well as other parts of the world. The essay emanates from the theory about the seven NPM-doctrines written by Christopher Hood. The information about New Public Management in schools was collected by semi-structured interviews with principals and vice principals. A total of six principals or vice principals have been interviewed for this essay. Those who have been interviewed work at schools in and around Borås, both public and private schools. The respondents’ answers were coded into categories. The categories were later made into subheadings in the result section of the essay. These subheadings were first teacher, competition, performance measurement, economic restraint, detail management and general change. In the results part it is written about the respondents’ experiences with NPM. The outcome of the discussion analysis was that the theory about the previous research is consistent with the information the respondents gave. In the conclusion  the main discovery of the essay was confirmed and this was the discoveries about economic restraint, competition and first teacher. The essay has contributed with new discoveries in competition and the room for action. The essay's practical contributions were mainly directed towards Borås but it also urged other operations to take place on the school market. Public operations in Borås need to be more aware that NPM influences the schools to a degree where detail management has influence over the decision making in the schools. Furthermore, the performance measurement and the documentation has influenced the school to a higher degree where it is much more important than before to document everything that is going on within the schools and with the students. The development of NPM and the municipalisation has generally not been as negative as it has previously been explained. The biggest negative aspect of NPM is an economic restraint that makes the schools full but with a lack of teachers, where every school has said that they would really want to hire more teachers. Aspects such as first teacher has been received and is seen by every school as something positive. Suggestions for further research within the subject is foremost a comparison between different municipalities to be able to see similarities and differences in how the different municipalities function.

Dans le cadre des systèmes de santé, la réalité de la crise est très largement admise. Les solutions proposées prennent alors forme au travers d’initiatives spécifiques des pouvoirs publics. L’ensemble des réformes véhiculées par les différents gouvernements ont une influence sur les acteurs de santé. Cette thèse a pour objectif de mettre en évidence les discours des différents acteurs des centres hospitaliers. La question centrale est ainsi formulée : quelles sont les représentations des différents acteurs face à la mise en oeuvre du nouveau management public à l’hôpital ? Le cadre théorique proposé pour cette analyse prend appui sur le lien entre contrôle et discours dans les organisations, d’une part. Et, d’autre part, il fait appel au nouveau management public et au développement de l’obligation de rendre compte pour les acteurs. Cette étude se base sur une démarche méthodologique qualitative centrée sur des données textuelles issues d’entretiens réalisés en France et en Italie. Pour cela, elle mobilise des outils d’analyse de discours. Les résultats de l’étude montre que de représentations communes existent entre les acteurs de la même catégorie professionnelle (médical, infirmière et administrative). Ces représentations sont toutefois divergentes lorsque celles-ci sont mises en parallèle. Deux catégories d’acteurs, les responsables de pôle et les cadres de santé, émergent de l’étude pour leur capacité à gérer deux dimensions fondamentales : le management et le soin. / Within the framework of the health care systems, the reality of the crisis is widely admitted. The solutions are shaped through specific initiatives of public authorities. The health care reforms conveyed by the various governments have an influence upon the actors of the health care sector. The goal of this thesis is to bring to light the discourses of the various actors of medium hospitals. The central question is : what are the representations of the various actors during theimplementation of the new public management in the hospital ? The theoretical framework for this analysis lies on the link between control and discourses in organizations, on one hand. And, on the other hand, it highlights the new public management and to the development of the accountability for the actors. This study is based on a qualitative methodological approach focused on textual data stemming from interviews in France and in Italy. For that purpose, we choose tools for the analysis of discourse. The results of the study show that common representations remain between the actors of the same professional category (medical, nursing and administrative). These representations are however different from one category to another. Two categories of actors, responsible of pole and nursing managers, are revealed by the study for their ability to manage two fundamental dimensions : management and care.

Les organisations du service public sont particulièrement concernées par l'instrumentation intensive de leur gestion. A cet effet, le management public mobilise des outils de gestion issus du secteur privé tout en composant avec des organisations de type wébérienne.En 2008, la création d'un nouvel organisme, Pôle emploi, issu de la fusion de l'Assedic et de l'ANPE est une opportunité pour étudier les outils mobilisés à cette occasion.Suite à la fusion, Pôle emploi fait face à de nombreux bouleversements d'ordre identitaire, culturel et organisationnel. Ils concernent tout autant la ligne managériale que les agents, à la fois tiraillés entre les acquis historiques de leurs institutions d'origine et les nouveaux repères qui forgent cette nouvelle institution publique. La solution opérationnelle se traduit par l'instrumentation de son management autour du dispositif de gestion Système de management par la qualité. Notre étude de cas décrypte la trajectoire longitudinale de l'outil de gestion, amené à s'adapter pour légitimer la philosophie gestionnaire de performance qu'il porte. Nous interrogeons les acteurs d'un pôle emploi régional, plongés dans un jeu social complexe dominé par un changement organisationnel et gestionnaire imposé par le sommet, sous la pression d'un contexte de crise et de chômage endémique.Cette étude s'articule sur deux questions de recherche. La première repose sur la perception des acteurs managériaux qui contrôlent le Système de management par la qualité et celle des acteurs utilisateurs qui le pratiquent. La deuxième interroge les stratégies que développent ces mêmes acteurs, issus de groupes professionnels distincts. Dans une approche contextualiste et dynamique, notre cadre d'analyse s'articule autour de la théorie des instruments, la théorie de la régulation sociale et la théorie néo-institutionnaliste. L'enjeu repose sur la conciliation des cultures-métier et managériales historiquement ancrées en vue d'imposer progressivement une culture commune parmi les employés de Pôle emploi. / The public service organizations are particularly concerned with the intensive instrumentation management. To this end, the public management mobilizes tools from the private sector while dealing with organizations Weber.In 2008, the creation of a new agency, Pôle emploi, in charge of employment, resulting from the merger of a private organization (Assedic) and a public one (ANPE).After the merger, Pôle emploi faces numerous upheavals of identity, cultural and organizational order. They concern just as much the managerial line than the agents, at the same time pulled between the historic experiences of their institutions of origin and the new marks which forge this new public institution.The operational solution is translated by the instrumentation of its management around the Quality management system. Our case study deciphers the longitudinal trajectory of this management tool, brought to adapt itself to legitimize the philosophy administrator of performance whom it carries. We question the actors of a regional employment agency, plunged into a complex social game dominated by an organizational change and the administrator been imperative by the summit, under the pressure of a context of crisis and endemic unemployment.This study focus on two research questions. The first one bases on managerial actors' perception who control the Quality management system and on user actors who practice it. The second questions the strategies which develop the same actors, stemming from different professional groups. In a contextualiste and dynamic approach, our framework articulates around the theory of instruments, the theory of the social regulation and the new institutional theory. The stake bases on the conciliation of the cultures-job and managerial historically anchored to impose gradually a common culture among Pôle emploi employees.

No description available.

Western governments face increasing demands to achieve both cost efficiency and responsiveness in their public services leading to radical and challenging transformations. Following the imposition of New Public Management (NPM) approaches within England, it is argued that similar elements of NPM can be also seen within Scottish healthcare, despite policy divergences following devolution. This thesis considers the influence of NPM on Scottish hospital frontline nursing staff in their work. It explores the ways in which managerial practices (specifically professional management; discipline & parsimony; standard setting & performance measurement; and consumerism) have shaped the working relationships, interactions, and knowledge-exchange between managers, staff and patients and the ability of staff to carry out nursing duties within an acute hospital setting. The study is a qualitative interpretivist study grounded in the methodology of adaptive theory and draws upon the works of Lipsky (1980) in order to explore how the front-line nurses cope with and resist the demands of the workplace. Based on thirty-one qualitative interviews with front-line nursing staff in an inner city hospital in Scotland, this thesis presents the findings resulting from nurses’ views of management, finances, policies, targets, audits and consumerism. The findings show that these nurses believe there has been a proliferation of targets, audits and policies, an increasing emphasis on cost efficiency and effectiveness, a drive for professional management and a greater focus on consumerism in NHS Scotland. These are all closely linked to the ethos of NPM. From the findings it can be seen that many elements influence the working relationships of the frontline hospital nursing staff. The study suggests that the main reason for conflict between managers and nursing staff is due to their differing foci. Managers are seen to concentrate on issues of targets, audits and budgets with little thought given to the impact these decisions will have on patient care or nurses’ working conditions. Furthermore the findings highlight high levels of micro-management, self-surveillance, control and the regulation of the frontline nursing staff which has led to tensions both between nursing staff and managers, but also with patients and the public. Finally, although there has supposedly been policy divergence between Scotland and England, this thesis has identified many similarities between Scottish and English polices and NPM approaches continues to influence the working relationships of front-line nursing staff within this study despite the rhetoric that Scotland has moved away from such practices.

This thesis mobilizes a feminist critique to examine the ways in which New Public Management (NPM) represents a gendered discourse. Using Foucauldian discourse analysis, NPM is mapped as a discursive field in order to tease out its dominant and subordinate discourses. The tensions between the dominant discourses and between the dominant and subordinate discourses are examined. The discursive themes of NPM are then engaged using a feminist post-structuralist framework in order to develop a feminist critique. From this critique, it is argued that NPM discourses reinscribe dominant masculinity as well as challenge the Weberian model of bureaucracy by reconstructing a gendered division of labour that takes place entirely within the public sphere.