Объектом исследования явилась академическая прокрастинация. Предметом исследования стала связь академической прокрастинации со смысложизненными ориентациями и экзистенциальной исполненностью у студентов-психологов. Магистерская диссертация состоит из введения, двух глав, заключения, списка литературы (105 источников) и приложения. Объем магистерской диссертации 81 страница, на которых размещены 11 таблиц и 1 рисунок. Во введении раскрывается актуальность проблемы исследования, разработанность проблематики, ставятся цель и задачи исследования, определяются объект и предмет исследования, формулируются основная и дополнительные гипотезы, указываются методы и эмпирическая база, а также этапы проведения исследования, научная новизна, теоретическая и практическая значимость работы. Первая глава включает в себя обзор зарубежной и отечественной научной литературы по феномену прокрастинации, приведены различные трактовки данного термина, представлено изучение прокрастинации как в рамках различных психологических концепций, так и в современных исследованиях. Показана классификация прокрастинации и рассмотрена, одна из наиболее распространённых её форм, академическая прокрастинация. Выводы по первой главе представляют собой итоги по изучению теоретического материала. Во второй главе проанализированы и проинтерпретированы результаты эмпирического исследования связи академической прокрастинации со смысложизненными ориентациями у студентов-психологов. В главе представлен корреляционный, факторный и регрессионный анализ результатов исследования. Выводы по второй главе включают в себя основные результаты эмпирического исследования. В заключении в обобщенном виде изложены результаты теоретической и эмпирической частей работы, выводы по выдвинутым гипотезам, а также описаны возможные перспективы дальнейшей разработки данной проблематики. / The object of the research was academic procrastination. The subject of the study was the connection between academic procrastination and life-meaning orientations and existential fulfillment in psychology students. The master's thesis consists of an introduction, two chapters, a conclusion, a list of references (105 sources) and an appendix. The volume of the master's thesis is 81 pages, which contain 11 tables and 1 figure. The introduction reveals the relevance of the research problem, the elaboration of the problematics, the goal and objectives of the research are set, the object and subject of the research are determined, the main and additional hypotheses are formulated, the methods and empirical base are indicated, as well as the stages of the research, scientific novelty, theoretical and practical significance of the work. The first chapter includes a review of foreign and domestic scientific literature on the phenomenon of procrastination, various interpretations of this term are given, the study of procrastination is presented both within the framework of various psychological concepts and in modern research. The classification of procrastination is shown and considered, one of its most common forms, academic procrastination. Conclusions for the first chapter represent the results of the study of theoretical material. The second chapter analyzes and interprets the results of an empirical study of the relationship between academic procrastination and life-meaning orientations in psychology students. The chapter presents the correlation, factorial and regression analysis of the research results. The conclusions of the second chapter include the main findings of the empirical study. In the conclusion, in a generalized form, the results of the theoretical and empirical parts of the work, conclusions on the hypotheses put forward, and possible prospects for the further development of this problem are described.

No description available.

Price is the element of the marketing mix that has direct effect in the profits of a company. The right price can boost the profit and the wrong price can significantly shrink it. Thus, the businesses need to set the right price in order to maximize their revenues. However, the newest factors in the economic field, the continuous changes in the environment and the current financial situation in the world has eroded the pricing power and forces the managers to look in every direction in order to be able and keep up with the changes. Therefore, the aim of the thesis is to study the psychology of pricing related to the factors that affect the consumers' psychology and behavior when it comes to purchasing decision. The information will be then useful inputs for the companies in order to understand these factors and use them to set the most suitable pricing method for their product.

Esta tese tem como objeto de estudo as relações iniciais entre Psicologia e Educação Especial, na área específica da deficiência mental. As primeiras escolas de Educação Especial na área de deficiência mental nasceram, no Brasil, no final do século XIX, anexas aos hospitais psiquiátricos, por iniciativa de médicos que atuavam nesses hospitais. No início do século XX, com as reformas educacionais vinculadas ao avanço da Psicologia como campo de conhecimento científico, as práticas em Educação e Educação Especial, no que tange à deficiência mental, passaram a ser embasadas nessa Psicologia nascente. Com uma abordagem funcionalista, as diferentes teorias psicológicas foram utilizadas para instrumentalizar os professores na prática pedagógica e esses conhecimentos assumiram a primazia do saber educacional especializado. Os testes psicológicos tornaram-se os instrumentos mais utilizados para o reconhecimento da deficiência. Impulsionada pelo movimento escolanovista e da higiene mental, a Psicologia desponta como área de conhecimento necessária à compreensão do educando e ao estabelecimento de critérios de normalidade-patologia-deficiência. O objetivo do presente trabalho é compreender como se deu a inserção da Psicologia como área de estudo e atuação profissional na educação da criança com deficiência mental no Brasil, nas décadas de 1900 a 1930. Para isso, o trabalho foi dividido em três etapas. Na primeira, busca-se construir alguns itinerários históricos de uma Psicologia na Educação Especial e para isso foi utilizada bibliografia específica da história da Educação Especial e da história da Psicologia no Brasil. Essa construção histórica revelou personagens que contribuíram decisivamente para as práticas psicológicas na área, como Helena Antipoff. Dessa forma, na segunda etapa do trabalho são apresentadas as ideias, percursos e propostas de Helena Antipoff na área da deficiência mental, bem como uma pesquisa de campo realizada no Instituto Pestalozzi de Belo Horizonte, instituição fundada pela própria Antipoff, em 1935, e que se revelou como síntese das ideias de uma Psicologia na Educação Especial vigentes no país. Esta pesquisa, de caráter documental, teve por fonte de dados os prontuários de dez crianças, alunos da Instituição durante a década de 1930 (1935-1939), período de sua fundação e quando a própria Antipoff era sua diretora. O procedimento para a coleta de dados foi construído no decorrer da pesquisa e a partir da entrevista com os psicólogos que trabalham atualmente na Instituição, os quais indicaram os documentos que estavam disponíveis sobre o período estudado. Além da análise geral desses prontuários, a pesquisa contém uma análise mais aprofundada de um único prontuário. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi o de compreender como se efetivou a prática psicológica na Educação Especial no período estudado. A terceira etapa apresenta uma análise histórico-crítica do que foram os primeiros passos da Psicologia na Educação Especial. A história revelou que as principais práticas da Psicologia com crianças consideradas deficientes mentais se basearam na psicometria e na psicomotricidade. A psicometria teve a função de reconhecer as crianças com deficiência mental no universo escolar e, por isso, a Educação Especial confundiu-se com políticas para a redução do fracasso escolar, do qual a escola pública era vítima. A psicomotricidade foi amplamente utilizada para o tratamento da criança anormal, uma vez que se considerava que a maturidade física e mental precedia a aprendizagem e o desenvolvimento intelectual. Sendo assim, a Psicologia acabou reproduzindo a ideologia liberal que sustentava o pensamento educacional brasileiro, constituindo práticas que atualmente consideramos como segregadoras e que atingiram amplamente as crianças das classes populares, as quais foram encaminhadas para o atendimento educacional especializado / This thesis aims to study the initial relations between psychology and special education in the specific area of mental retardation. The first special education schools in the area of mental retardation in Brazil began at the end of the 19th century, annexed to psychiatric hospitals as an initiative of doctors who worked in these hospitals. In the beginning of the 20th century, the educational reforms associated with the advance of psychology as a field of scientific knowledge, practices in education and special education, concerning mental retardation, became based on the emergent psychology. With a functionalist approach, different psychological approaches were used to instrumentalize the teachers in the pedagogic practice and this knowledge occupied the primacy of specialized educational knowledge. Psychological tests became the most utilized instruments for identification of retardation. Driven by the escolanovista and mental hygiene movements, psychology appears as an essential area of knowledge in order to comprehend the student and to establish normality-pathology-retardation criteria. The objective of this work is to understand how psychology became included as a study and professional area in educating children with mental retardation in Brazil between 1900 and 1930. Thus, the work was divided into three steps. The first step aims to construct some historical itineraries of psychology in special education and uses specific bibliographical material on the history of special education and psychology in Brazil. This historical construction revealed individuals who decisively contributed to psychological practice in this area, such as Helena Antipoff. In this way, in the second step, Helena Antipoff\'s ideas, trajectories and proposals in the area of mental retardation, as well as a field research conducted at the Pestalozzi Institute in Belo Horizonte, an institution founded by Antipoff in 1935, and which proved to be a synthesis of ideas of inclusion of psychology in special education in the country. This research was documental and the data source were the medical files of ten children who were students at the institute in the 1930s (1935-1940), its foundation period and when Antipoff herself was the director. The data gathering procedure was developed throughout the research and from the interviews with psychologists who currently work at the institute, and who indicated available documents about the studied period. Apart from the general analysis of these medical files, the research contains a more in-depth analysis of a single file. The objective of this research was to understand how psychological practice established itself in special education during the studied period. Finally, the work presents a historical-critical analysis of the initial stages of psychology in special education. History revealed that the main psychological practices with children considered to be mentally retarded were based on psychometry and psychomotricity. Psychometry had the role of identifying children with mental retardation in the school environment, thus special education was confused for policies to reduce failures in the school, and public schools were victims. Psychomotricity was widely used to treat abnormal children since physical and mental maturity was believed to precede learning and intellectual development. Therefore, psychology ended up reproducing a liberal ideology that supported the Brazilian educational vision, leading to practices that we currently consider to be segregationist and which caught up with children of the popular classes, who were referred for specialized education

Orientador: Elisabete Monteiro de Aguiar Pereira / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-08T04:06:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Riedo_CassioRicardoFares_M.pdf: 1631454 bytes, checksum: a65442033e63271b3e7f7b64dfb7e5c8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: Esta dissertação discute como a reforma universitária italiana, implantada através do Decreto Ministerial n°509/99, influenciou a formação em psicologia, focalizando principalmente a psicologia educacional. Certa debilidade no ensino superior italiano e acordos entre os países membros da Comunidade Européia, ensejando a formação de uma Área Européia de Educação Superior, serviram como justificativa para a reforma. Um dos principais objetivos declarados foi o reconhecimento profissional entre os países e, para compatibilizar os sistemas de cada país, foi implantado um modelo baseado em dois ciclos e créditos formativos, com preocupações profissionalizantes desde o ciclo inicial. O processo de reestruturação didática que aconteceu na Universidade de Pádua durante a pesquisa foi estudado num enfoque contextual; tendo sido optado pelo estudo de caso como alternativa metodológica. Foram entrevistados o Presidente da Faculdade de Psicologia, o Assessor da Presidência para Assuntos Discentes, o Diretor do Departamento de Desenvolvimento e Socialização e quatro professoras deste departamento. Além das entrevistas, currículos do ciclo inicial e reportagens publicadas em jornais italianos foram usados para auxiliar a reflexão. De maneira geral, o modelo implantado não foi bem recebido pelos estudantes, pelos docentes e nem por outros segmentos sociais, tendo recebido várias críticas, sendo a falta de uma formação geral mais ampla uma das principais / Abstract: This dissertation is about the Italian reform of universities, implemented by Ministerial Law n°509/99, concerned with psychology graduation courses and educational psychology in special. A supposedly weak Italian Higher Education and agreements for building a European Area of Higher Education were used to justify the reform. A model with two cycles and credits for a professional formation were proposed to overlap the educational systems from each nation. A case study was used to understand the new didactic structure in Padova University and its social context. News, curriculum and interviews with the President of the Faculty of Psychology, the President-Assessor for Student Matters, the Director and four teachers from Development and Socialization Department served as data information. Meanwhile, students, teachers, and another social segments didn¿t approve the implemented formation¿s model. Many critics appeared and the main was a failed general education / Mestrado / Ensino e Práticas Culturais / Mestre em Educação

Esta tese tem como objeto de estudo as relações iniciais entre Psicologia e Educação Especial, na área específica da deficiência mental. As primeiras escolas de Educação Especial na área de deficiência mental nasceram, no Brasil, no final do século XIX, anexas aos hospitais psiquiátricos, por iniciativa de médicos que atuavam nesses hospitais. No início do século XX, com as reformas educacionais vinculadas ao avanço da Psicologia como campo de conhecimento científico, as práticas em Educação e Educação Especial, no que tange à deficiência mental, passaram a ser embasadas nessa Psicologia nascente. Com uma abordagem funcionalista, as diferentes teorias psicológicas foram utilizadas para instrumentalizar os professores na prática pedagógica e esses conhecimentos assumiram a primazia do saber educacional especializado. Os testes psicológicos tornaram-se os instrumentos mais utilizados para o reconhecimento da deficiência. Impulsionada pelo movimento escolanovista e da higiene mental, a Psicologia desponta como área de conhecimento necessária à compreensão do educando e ao estabelecimento de critérios de normalidade-patologia-deficiência. O objetivo do presente trabalho é compreender como se deu a inserção da Psicologia como área de estudo e atuação profissional na educação da criança com deficiência mental no Brasil, nas décadas de 1900 a 1930. Para isso, o trabalho foi dividido em três etapas. Na primeira, busca-se construir alguns itinerários históricos de uma Psicologia na Educação Especial e para isso foi utilizada bibliografia específica da história da Educação Especial e da história da Psicologia no Brasil. Essa construção histórica revelou personagens que contribuíram decisivamente para as práticas psicológicas na área, como Helena Antipoff. Dessa forma, na segunda etapa do trabalho são apresentadas as ideias, percursos e propostas de Helena Antipoff na área da deficiência mental, bem como uma pesquisa de campo realizada no Instituto Pestalozzi de Belo Horizonte, instituição fundada pela própria Antipoff, em 1935, e que se revelou como síntese das ideias de uma Psicologia na Educação Especial vigentes no país. Esta pesquisa, de caráter documental, teve por fonte de dados os prontuários de dez crianças, alunos da Instituição durante a década de 1930 (1935-1939), período de sua fundação e quando a própria Antipoff era sua diretora. O procedimento para a coleta de dados foi construído no decorrer da pesquisa e a partir da entrevista com os psicólogos que trabalham atualmente na Instituição, os quais indicaram os documentos que estavam disponíveis sobre o período estudado. Além da análise geral desses prontuários, a pesquisa contém uma análise mais aprofundada de um único prontuário. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi o de compreender como se efetivou a prática psicológica na Educação Especial no período estudado. A terceira etapa apresenta uma análise histórico-crítica do que foram os primeiros passos da Psicologia na Educação Especial. A história revelou que as principais práticas da Psicologia com crianças consideradas deficientes mentais se basearam na psicometria e na psicomotricidade. A psicometria teve a função de reconhecer as crianças com deficiência mental no universo escolar e, por isso, a Educação Especial confundiu-se com políticas para a redução do fracasso escolar, do qual a escola pública era vítima. A psicomotricidade foi amplamente utilizada para o tratamento da criança anormal, uma vez que se considerava que a maturidade física e mental precedia a aprendizagem e o desenvolvimento intelectual. Sendo assim, a Psicologia acabou reproduzindo a ideologia liberal que sustentava o pensamento educacional brasileiro, constituindo práticas que atualmente consideramos como segregadoras e que atingiram amplamente as crianças das classes populares, as quais foram encaminhadas para o atendimento educacional especializado / This thesis aims to study the initial relations between psychology and special education in the specific area of mental retardation. The first special education schools in the area of mental retardation in Brazil began at the end of the 19th century, annexed to psychiatric hospitals as an initiative of doctors who worked in these hospitals. In the beginning of the 20th century, the educational reforms associated with the advance of psychology as a field of scientific knowledge, practices in education and special education, concerning mental retardation, became based on the emergent psychology. With a functionalist approach, different psychological approaches were used to instrumentalize the teachers in the pedagogic practice and this knowledge occupied the primacy of specialized educational knowledge. Psychological tests became the most utilized instruments for identification of retardation. Driven by the escolanovista and mental hygiene movements, psychology appears as an essential area of knowledge in order to comprehend the student and to establish normality-pathology-retardation criteria. The objective of this work is to understand how psychology became included as a study and professional area in educating children with mental retardation in Brazil between 1900 and 1930. Thus, the work was divided into three steps. The first step aims to construct some historical itineraries of psychology in special education and uses specific bibliographical material on the history of special education and psychology in Brazil. This historical construction revealed individuals who decisively contributed to psychological practice in this area, such as Helena Antipoff. In this way, in the second step, Helena Antipoff\'s ideas, trajectories and proposals in the area of mental retardation, as well as a field research conducted at the Pestalozzi Institute in Belo Horizonte, an institution founded by Antipoff in 1935, and which proved to be a synthesis of ideas of inclusion of psychology in special education in the country. This research was documental and the data source were the medical files of ten children who were students at the institute in the 1930s (1935-1940), its foundation period and when Antipoff herself was the director. The data gathering procedure was developed throughout the research and from the interviews with psychologists who currently work at the institute, and who indicated available documents about the studied period. Apart from the general analysis of these medical files, the research contains a more in-depth analysis of a single file. The objective of this research was to understand how psychological practice established itself in special education during the studied period. Finally, the work presents a historical-critical analysis of the initial stages of psychology in special education. History revealed that the main psychological practices with children considered to be mentally retarded were based on psychometry and psychomotricity. Psychometry had the role of identifying children with mental retardation in the school environment, thus special education was confused for policies to reduce failures in the school, and public schools were victims. Psychomotricity was widely used to treat abnormal children since physical and mental maturity was believed to precede learning and intellectual development. Therefore, psychology ended up reproducing a liberal ideology that supported the Brazilian educational vision, leading to practices that we currently consider to be segregationist and which caught up with children of the popular classes, who were referred for specialized education

Under de senaste decennierna har det inom HR (Human Resources) skett en domänutvidgning, där allt större ansvar tas för fler aspekter av människors liv. Man får ofta ett intryck av att det finns ett genuint intresse för människors liv och hälsa bortom arbetet. Ett grundläggande antagande inom HR är emellertid att välmående individer leder till en ökad produktivitet. Därigenom finns en otydlighet i det egentliga syftet med de av arbetsgivarnas aktiviteter som syftar till människors hälsa och välmående. Det finns därmed anledning att närmre studera de idéer om människors arbete, tid och liv som cirkulerar inom HR. HR som kunskapsområde och branch är dock svårt att fånga i ett enda empiriskt material. En avgränsning behöver göras. I denna studie har arbetspsykologin identifierats som en stor och viktig influens inom HR, som dessutom har en legitimerade funktion i sin roll som vetenskap. Med utgångspunkt i kritisk teori studeras därför läroböcker i arbetspsykologi och i arbetspsykologin grundat arbetsmiljöarbete. Studien visar att det inom arbetspsykologin finns en föreställning om arbetet som någonting rationellt och betydelsefullt för människor. Arbetets framväxt beskrivs som något utav en civiliseringsprocess. Motsättningen mellan individens och organisationens intressen är närvarande i böckerna men hanteras av författarna på delvis olika sätt. Detta pekar på en splittring inom disciplinen; ingen enhetlighet finns i hur motsättningen ska hanteras. Samtidigt är målet en vinna-vinna-situation och en verklig insikt om motsättningens problematik verkar inte finnas. Man talar ofta om att ett helhetsperspektiv på människors liv och hälsa är viktigt. Ett sådant kan sägas finnas ur arbetspsykologins eget perspektiv, där utgångspunkten är att individens och organisationens intressen sammanfaller. Helhetsperspektivet kan dock ifrågasättas om ett sådant antagande inte görs. Strävan efter människors välmående är nämligen inte förutsättningslös; förslag till förbättringar av arbetet och arbetssituationen är alltid av sådant slag att de även gynnar organisationen. / During the last decades, HR (Human Resources) has expanded its reach, taking an increasingly large responsibility for for more aspects of people's lives. One can often get the impression that there is a genuine interest in people's lives and health beyond work. However, a basic assumption within HR is that well-being for workers leads to increased productivity. Due to this assumption, the real purposes behind management activities for health and well-being are unclear. Hence, there is reason to make a closer investigation of the ideas about people's work, time and life that circulate within HR. HR, being both a field and a profession, is difficult to capture using a single set of sources. The investigation needs to be limited. For the purposes of this study, work psychology has been identified as a major and important influence on HR, an influence which furthermore grants legitimacy to HR due to its status as a scientific field. Accordingly, textbooks in work psychology and in working environment management based on work psychology are studied from the perspective of critical theory. The study finds that, within work psychology, work is imagined as rational and meaningful for people. The history of work is described as somewhat of a process of civilisation. The conflict between the interests of the individual and of the organisation is present in the textbooks but is treated partly in different ways. This indicates fragmentation within the field; there is no consensus on how to handle the conflict of interests. Simultaneously, the aim is a win-win-situation, indicating a lack of insight into the complexity of the conflict. The importance of a holistic perspective on people's lives and health is mentioned repeatedly. Such a perspective can be said to be present from the viewpoint of work psychology itself, based as it is on the assumption that the interests of the individual coincide with the interests of the organisation. However, the holistic perspective can be questioned if such an assumption is not made. Human well-being is not promoted without premisses; suggestions for improvement of work and the working conditions are always of the kind that will also favour the organisation.

Föreliggande studie undersöker hur idrottspsykologiska rådgivare arbetar och om det i deras klientarbete finns metoder eller modeller som kan vara tillämpbara inom studie- och yrkesvägledning. Syftet var att se hur idrottspsykologiska rådgivare arbetar och vilka skillnader det finns i de båda yrkesgruppernas arbetssätt samt att se om vissa delar i rådgivarnas arbetsformer kan vara tillämpbara eller bara vara kompletterande till studie- och yrkesvägledarnas modeller. Den metod som valdes för forskningen var kvalitativ, med personliga intervjuer. Resultaten som visade att respondenterna arbetade på ett liknande sätt där dialogen med klienten var det primära arbetssättet. En skillnad var att rådgivarna oftast arbetade med sökande som är motiverade till förändring samt att de arbetade processinriktat och hade mer tid för varje klient. Vi anser att det skulle vara möjligt för studie- och yrkesvägledare skulle kunna använda delar av rådgivarnas arbetssätt för att öka och utvidga sina egna framtagna modeller samt för att förnya sina arbetsredskap. / This study examines how sport psychology consultants are working and whether their client work are methods or models which may be applicable in career counselling. The research questions that are answered in this paper are about the sport psychology consultant’s work and what differences there are in the two professional groups. And to see if certain parts of the advisers' work can be applicable or be complementary to the study and career counsellors models. The method chosen for the research was qualitative interviewing. The results that emerged indicated that they worked in a similar manner in the dialogue with the client, the primary approach, but one difference was that counsellors often work with applicants who are motivated to change and that they work with process and had more time for each client. We think that it’s possible for study and careers advisors could use parts from the advisors' approach to enhance and expand its own developed models and to renew their working tools. The hypothesis that the two professional groups worked similarly matched and that it is possible to take parts from working sued.

Pandemin covid 19 har påverkat människors liv på många sätt. På grund av restriktionerna pandemin medfört har många tvingats till en beteendeförändring av olika slag. Den beteendeförändring som denna undersökning har till syfte att undersöka är upplevelser av förändrade alkoholvanor samt dess orsaker under pandemin. Studien bygger på en kvalitativ ansats med 10 semistrukturerade intervjuer, som analyserats med en innehållsanalys. Studiens resultat visade att samtliga intervjupersoner upplevde en förändring av någon form i beteendet gällande deras alkoholvanor i samband med pandemin. Studiens slutsatser är att pandemins restriktioner var den främsta anledningen till att intervjupersonerna upplevde en beteendeförändring av sina alkoholvanor. Inköpsvanorna har förändrats då de inte längre inhandlat alkohol från Tyskland. Studien visade på en oförändrad eller minskad alkoholkonsumtion under pandemin, beträffande såväl tillfällen som alkohol förtärs som den faktiska volymen alkohol de totalt förtär. Upplevelser om tider på dygnet då alkohol intogs var oförändrat med en avvikelse. / Pandemic covid 19 has affected people's lives in many ways. Due to the restrictions caused by the pandemic, many have been forced to make a behavioral change of various kinds. The behavioral change that this study aims to investigate is experiences of changed alcohol habits and its causes during the pandemic. The study is based on a qualitative approach with 10 semi-structured interviews, which were analyzed with a content analysis. The results of the study showed that all interviewees experienced a change in some form of behavior regarding their alcohol habits in connection with the pandemic. The study's conclusions are that the pandemic's restrictions were the main reason why the interviewees experienced a behavioral change in their alcohol habits. Shopping habits have changed as they no longer buy alcohol from Germany. The study showed an unchanged or reduced alcohol consumption during the pandemic, regarding both occasions when alcohol is consumed and the actual volume of alcohol they consume in total. Experiences about times of the day when alcohol was consumed were unchanged with a deviation.

L’objectif de cette thèse est de mettre en avant le rôle de la psychologie dans les fluctuations de la production, de la redistribution et des inégalités. Notre travail s’articule autour de deux axes : i) l’importance de la psychologie à l’égard des inégalités dans la détermination des croyances des agents concernant le rôle de l’effort ii) l’impact de ces croyances sur les dynamiques des grandeurs économiques. L’objectif du premier chapitre est de présenter une revue de littérature sur la relation entre croyances et faits économiques. Au second chapitre, nous développons un modèle théorique, dans lequel nous introduisons une composante psychologique immuable dans les croyances des agents. Nous aboutissons à une explication d’ordre psychologique des disparités entre pays de la volatilité de la TFP, de la production, de la redistribution et des inégalités. Dans le troisième chapitre, nous vérifions, économétriquement, les implications du modèle. / The objective of this doctoral thesis is to put forth the role of psychology in the fluctuations of production, redistribution and inequalities. Our work is centered on two axes : i) the importance of psychology with regards to inequalities in determining individual beliefs about the role of effort ii) the impact of beliefs on the dynamics of economic aggregates. The objective of the first chapter is to provide a literature review on the relationship between beliefs and economic events. In the second chapter, we develop a theoretical model, in which we introduce an unchanging psychological component in individual beliefs. We end at an explanation, of a psychological nature, for cross-country disparities in TFP, production, redistribution and inequalities volatilities. In the third chapter, we provide an empirical verification of the model implications.