Deparar com um sujeito que se corta pode ser, para quem inicia o percurso clínico, muito mobilizador. Uma convocação ao olhar acontece de maneira extremamente pungente. A pergunta que orienta esta pesquisa é: de que de modo o dispositivo analítico pode operar nessa tríade: olhar/palavra/elaboração? Para buscar responder, o recorte deste trabalho se estabeleceu a partir do material clínico de que dispúnhamos. Mais precisamente, abordamos o ato de cortar-se na sua apresentação em sujeitos neuróticos, mas outras investigações se fazem necessárias, por exemplo, quanto ao ato de cortar-se na psicose e na perversão. Até o presente momento, existe parca bibliografia específica sobre o ato de cortar-se em Psicanálise. Sendo assim, fizemos um breve apanhado sobre o tema na Psiquiatria, na Antropologia e na Sociologia. Também apresentamos o ato de cortar-se no seu contexto midiático, uma vez que a internet e as redes sociais são um dos meios pelos quais as pessoas que se cortam publicizam anonimamente seu sofrimento psíquico. Lançando mão da teoria freudiana, mostramos a importância de cunhar o termo ato de cortar-se do ponto de vista metapsicológico. E, depois, apresentamos dois casos clínicos, onde os conceitos de: angústia, acting-out e passagem ao ato, vistos por Freud e Lacan, se fizeram fundamentais para conduzir as análises dos casos. Com isso, esperamos contribuir para a ampliação de um campo de estudo sobre o tema / For those who are just starting clinical practice, coming across a subject who self-cuts can be very disturbing. The gaze is summoned very poignantly. The question that guides this research is: in what way can the analytical device operate in the gaze/ speech/ psychic elaboration triad? To answer this, the focus of this work is based on the clinical material at our disposal. More precisely, we approached the act of self-cutting as it presents itself in neurotic subjects. As this act also appears in psychosis and perversion, further investigations are necessary. In Psychoanalysis, there is scant literature on this specific act to date, so we did a brief survey on the topic in Psychiatry, Anthropology, and Sociology. We also present the act of self-cutting in the context of media, as self-cutters use the internet and social networks as a means to anonymously bring to public notice their psychological distress. Using Freudian theory, we show the importance of coining the term \"act of self-cutting\" from a metapsychological point of view. Afterwards, we present two clinical cases where the concepts of anguish, acting-out and passage to the act, as seen by Freud and Lacan, became fundamental in conducting the analyzes of these clinical cases. With this, we hope to contribute to the expansion of the field of study on the subject

Inspired by the article Special support on dubious grounds published in Teachers News (2010), we chose to examine the methods and procedures regarding acting out children without diagnosis. In preliminary work, we discussed the various forms and causes of acting out behavior among children in preschool and supervision and conflict management. The topic seemed relevant since we on several occasions experienced a feeling of inadequacy and lack of knowledge in our educational role both in teacher training placement time and during our working years as supply teacher and graduated child minders. Based on our past experiences and interests of acting out children without the diagnosis, work limited extent and time aspect for the course of the work we chose to only interview three pedagogues. Through the interviews, we wanted to compare these three pedagogues description of their work around acting out children without diagnosis in relation to accepted theories such as structure and clarity. The purpose of our study was based on previous research and relevant literature, to find out what supporting possibilities, available methods and tools, and the methods and tools the interviewed pedagogues say they use in the meeting with acting out children.

The present study investigated the relationship between indicators on the Bender Visual Motor Gestalt Test and acting-out behavior shown by 58 male and 40 female adolescents in a behaviorally oriented, alternative educational program, Acting-out behavior was measured by assessing the number of timeouts students received during their first 25 days in the program. Two Bender composite indexes were calculated--l0 emotional indicators recommended by Koppitz and 12 indicators believed related to acting-out behavior or control problems. Results found that the index of Bender acting-out indicators correlated with number of timeouts. The Koppitz index did not correlate with timeouts, suggesting lack of internal consistency. Five individual indicators correlated with number of timeouts.

Jonathan Safran Foer’s novel Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close stands out from the nationalistic-toned American “9/11 novels”. It depicts the story of a young boy and his grandparents who are left with the aftermath of losing a loved one in the attack on the twin towers. However, the complexity of the three main characters and the depth of their individual and common traumas make the novel go beyond the usual nationalistic 9/11 narrative and focus on the personal and, consequently, the national trauma.  This essay analyses the possibility of coping with and recovering from trauma through communication. Dominick LaCapra’s trauma theory notions of “working through” and “acting out”, as well as other traumatic memory research highlight the necessity of utterance in order to overcome trauma and to attempt an existence beyond it. In the instance of the three traumatized characters of the novel, the confessional language is entangled, broken and sometimes muted. This makes the recovery difficult in the case of the grandparents, almost impossible for the character of Grandpa. When it comes to the young boy, Oskar Schell, a more successful communication seems to open up the possibility of mental healing. These personal traumas are a reflection of a broader American trauma where an obsessive “rememoration” of the September 11 events and one-sided, revenge loaded public discourse do not seem to facilitate the national healing process. On all these levels, personal and community, the need and the difficult attempt to communicate the trauma of 9/11 does not necessarily grant recovery from it, but it facilitates a desired “working though” process.

abstract: The need for improved mathematics education in many of America's schools that serve students from low income households has been extensively documented. This practical action research study, set in a suburban Title I school with a primarily Hispanic, non-native English speaking population, is designed to explore the effects of the progression through a set of problem solving solution strategies on the mathematics problem solving abilities of 2nd grade students. Students worked in class with partners to complete a Cognitively Guided Instruction-style (CGI) mathematics word problem using a dictated solution strategy five days a week for twelve weeks, three or four weeks for each of four solution strategies. The phases included acting out the problem using realia, representing the problem using standard mathematics manipulatives, modeling the problem using a schematic representation, and solving the problem using a number sentence. Data were collected using a five question problem solving pre- and post-assessment, video recorded observations, and Daily Answer Recording Slips or Mathematics Problem Solving Journals. Findings showed that this problem solving innovation was effective in increasing the problem solving abilities of all participants in this study, with an average increase of 63% in the number of pre-assessment to post-assessment questions answered correctly. Additionally, students increased the complexity of solutions used to solve problems and decreased the rate of guessing at answers to word problems. Further rounds of research looking into the direct effects of the MKO are suggested as next steps of research. / Dissertation/Thesis / Ed.D. Educational Leadership and Policy Studies 2013

The purpose of this study is to examine how pedagogues work with children that express acting out behavior in pre-school. The research questions are: How do the interviewed pedagogues define children that express extroverted behavior in preschool, and what is the reason for the behavior? How do the pedagogues work to ease daily activities for these children in preschool? Which methods do the pedagogues use to approach these children in the optimal manner in different situations? This study is based on four qualitative interviews with preschool teachers, after-school teachers and nurses from two different preschools. The results of this study are analyzed through the sociocultural theories of Vygotskij and subsequent terms, but also with regards to other articles and scientific literature of interest. The results of this study indicate that the reason for acting out behavior can be due to environmental flaws, or factors within a child. In their work the pedagogues practice different methods. To e.g. calm the child, one may listen to or confirm the child’s emotions, and in conflict situations it is important that the pedagogue remains calm, to reduce the risk of emotional contagion. It was also evident that a well-structured day with distinct routines, in combination with a physical environment at the preschool that is tailored to the child’s own preconditions, better prepares the child for future activities. This study indicates that pedagogues enable common games and activities, to make it possible for children with acting out behavior to train their social competencies with other children. This is achieved with the aid of a present pedagogue that guides the child stepwise so that the child understands and predicts the consequences of the actions, but also understands the limits of behavior.

No description available.

Doctor of Philosophy / Department of Special Education, Counseling and Student Affairs / Judy Hughey / Assessment of parenting stress and child acting-out behavior was measured via pretest and posttest over the length of a seven-session parenting program, the Becoming a Love and Logic Parent program (BLLP). All participants (n=86) were randomly placed in either a seven-session BLLP program group (n=56) or placed on a waitlist (n=30) and offered the BLLP program following the completion of the posttest. The BLLP program is a widely used parenting program with limited data available as to the effectiveness of the program. The data that are available utilizes the Becoming a Love and Logic Parent Before and After Questionnaire. A measurement tool designed specifically to measure the BLLP program. This study utilized two measurement tools widely used to evaluate parenting programs, the Parenting Stress Index/Short Form (PSI/SF) and the Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory (ECBI), in hopes of providing data that can be compared to other parenting programs. Levels of parenting stress were measured with a widely used index, the PSI/SF. The PSI/SF provides a Total Stress (TS) score and scores from three scales measuring different aspects of parenting stress: Parental Distress (PD), Parent-Child Dysfunctional Interaction (P-CDI), and Difficult Child (DC). Child acting-out behavior was measured with the ECBI. The ECBI measures disruptive child behavior using two scales: Intensity scale and a Problem scale. The intensity scale provides information regarding the frequency of certain acting-out behaviors, and the problem scale provides information as to whether or not parents view that particular behavior as problematic. All participants were parents or caregivers of elementary school students from a large suburban school district near Kansas City, Missouri. The group was homogenous in nature and had higher income and education levels than the average for the district and state, making it difficult to generalize finding from the study. Due to time and space limitations and attrition, the sample size of the study was small (n=86), which likely contributed to the outcome of the study. The six hypotheses were not supported in this study. Though a decrease in parenting stress occurred for both treatment group and control group participants, there was not a statistically significant difference between the two groups on any of the PSI/SF scales. Child acting-out behavior also decreased for both the treatment group and the control group; however, there was not a statistically significant difference between the two groups. Further study on the effectiveness of the BLLP program is recommended.

This scientific essay starts with a description of a dilemma that I as a childminder find hard to handle. The story is reproducing an incident where this day care child -John- is getting an outburst that is affecting many persons in the group activity local for childminders. The problems that are created by the repeated defiant and unwieldy outbursts by this boy are challenging to handle. I have got certain experiences of children with special needs, but that competence is not sufficient in this case. The text also describes the doubt if a single childminder really is capable to handle a child that is demanding a lot more assistance than what is normal among day care children. Is it possible to offer all the children secure attention and interesting learning when one of them is demanding extra attention and support? Would an single-handed educator be able to help the boy to function better in social contexts? When I reflect over my dilemma, I am framing my questions. Through the writing I seek a deeper insight about what solutions eventually turns out to work for the challenging child. As a result of this examining writing process, I have found that the including of the child in the day care group was successful beyond expectation. The relation between me and the child is developing in a positive way when I choose to handle his tantrums in a less emotional way. An empathic approach and dialogues opens up for a cooperation which give the child possibilities to become a participant and able to affect his everyday situation at the family day care. The smaller group is a postulate for the positive development taking place within the boy. According to me, professional childminders should have a natural place as carers to children who for various reasons do not work or thrive in larger groups. The essay also includes explorations of other educators experiences in the form of participating observations on a preschool. The initial report, the observations, the empirical analysis and the result are all linked together with the theories of practical knowledge, my reflections, new insights, theoretical knowledge, research and literature that strengthen these. The practical knowledge is running like a red thread through the text. / Den här vetenskapliga essän börjar med en beskrivning av ett dilemma, som jag som dagbarnvårdare, upplever svårhanterligt. Berättelsen återger en incident där dagbarnet, John får ett utbrott, som påverkar många personer på dagbarnvårdarnas gruppverksamhet. Problemen som pojkens återkommande trotsiga och svårhanterliga anfall orsakar är utmanande att handskas med. Viss erfarenhet av barn med speciella behov har jag men den kompetensen räcker inte till i det här fallet. Jag funderar över vilken inverkan pojkens raserianfall har på de andra barnen och vuxna i gruppverksamheten -både i den större och mindre gruppen som barnet vistas i. I texten beskrivs också tvivlet över huruvida en ensam arbetande dagbarnvårdare är kapabel att hantera ett barn, som kräver betydande assistans utöver det som dagbarn vanligtvis gör. Kan en pedagog på egen hand hjälpa pojken att fungera bättre i socialt kontext? När jag reflekterar över mitt dilemma så väcks mina frågeställningar. Genom skrivandet söker jag en djupare insikt om det som med tiden visar sig fungera för det utmanande barnet. Till följd av den här granskande skrivprocessen har jag kommit fram till att inkludering av barnet i dagbarnsgruppen lyckades över förväntan. Relationen mellan barnet och mig utvecklas positivt när jag väljer att hantera de problematiska utbrotten mindre emotionellt. Empatiskt förhållningssätt och samtal öppnar till ett samarbete, som ger barnet möjlighet att vara delaktig och påverka sin vardag på familjedaghemmet. Den mindre gruppen är en förutsättning för den gynnsamma utvecklingen som sker hos pojken. Enligt mig bör yrkesgruppen dagbarnvårdare ha sin givna plats som omsorgsgivare för barn som inte av olika anledningar trivs eller mår bra i större grupper. Uppsatsen innehåller även ett utforskande av andra pedagogers erfarenheteri form av deltagande observationer på en förskola. Den inledande berättelsen, observationerna, analysenav empirin samt resultatet knyts samman med den praktiska kunskapens teori, mina reflektioner, nya insikter, teoretiska kunskaper, forskning och litteratur som stärker dessa. Den praktiska kunskapen går som en röd tråd genom texten.

Syftet med denna studie är att öka kunskapen hur specialpedagoger verksamma i grundskolans år 1 till 6 uppfattar skolors arbete med utåtagerande barn. Studien baseras på sex specialpedagogers uppfattningar om deras förutsättningar på organisation-, grupp- och individnivå samt skolans metoder och strategier i arbetet med utåtagerande barn. Uppfattade resultat i detta arbete undersöks. Studien presenterar delar av den forskning, både nationell och internationell, som behandlar metoder och strategier i arbetet med utåtagerande barn samt tre teoretiska perspektiv.   I studien har en kvalitativ metodansats använts och resultatet har analyserats tematiskt. Analysen av empirin genererar tre huvudteman: förutsättningar, metoder och strategier samt möjligheter och utmaningar i arbetet med utåtagerande beteende hos barn.  Resultatet har diskuterats och analyserats med stöd av tidigare forskning och teoretiska perspektiv.   Resultatet visar att specialpedagogerna uppfattar att det ofta finns goda förutsättningar i arbetet med utåtagerande barn och att det även finns hinder och möjligheter som påverkar. Rektors ledarskap och förmåga att organisera verksamheten för att möta upp behoven av barn med utåtagerande beteende uppfattas ha stor betydelse. Ett hinder uppfattas vara lärares brist på tid då specialpedagogerna uttrycker att all personal behöver mötas för att tillsammans arbeta fram handlingsplaner med gemensamma strategier och förhållningssätt för de utåtagerande barnen.   Resultatet visar även att organiserandet av lärmiljön kan se olika ut samt att specialpedagogernas uppfattning av elevers inkludering varierar, även om utgångspunkten är att de utåtagerande eleverna ska verka i ett lärande sammanhang tillsammans med andra. Resultatet visar även att personalens förhållningssätt till, bemötande av och förmåga till relationsskapande med eleven har betydelse för elevens förutsättningar att minska det utåtagerande beteendet och få ett ökat lärande. / The goal of this study is to increase the knowledge of how Special Needs Coordinators (SENCOs) working in Elementary school yr 1 – 6 percieve the work with children who are acting out. The study is based on six SENCOs’ perceptions of their preconditions of working on organisation, group and individual levels, as well as the schools’ methods and strategies and the percieved results in the work with children who are acting out. The study presents parts of both national and international evidence based research within the area of methods and strategies used in the line of work with children who are acting out. It also presents three theoretical perspectives.   In the study a qualitative research method has been used and the results has been analysed thematically. The analysies of the empirical evidence generate three main themes: preconditions, methods and strategies as well as possabilities and challenges in the work with children who are acting out. The result has been discussed and analysed based on pre-existing research and theoretical perspectives.   The result shows that the SENCOs’ perceptions is that there is often good preconditions in the work with children who are acting out but that there is also obsticales and possabilities affecting said precontitions. The principals’ leadership and ability to organize the school to meet the needs of children who are acting out is percieved to be of great importance. Teachers’ lack of time is seen as a difficulty, as the SENCOs emphasise the need for all staff to meet and produce plans of action with overarching strategies and approaches to the children who are acting out.   The result also shows that the learning enviroment can be organized in different ways and that the SENCOs’ perception of students inclusion varies, even if the standpoint is that students who are acting out shall participate in a learning context together with other students. The result also shows that the staff’s approach to, treatment of and ability to build relationship with the student affect the student’s ability to act out less and learn more.