The shopping malls, while business in general and services have been expanding around the world since 1950 and in Brazil more intensively in the 1980s. However, its role in the spatial organization of the city has been highlighted in the places where they were implemented, they promoted new spatial rearrangements and in many cases an urban restructuring, due to the centrality it generates and the consequent valorization of the area that was inserted. The objective of this research was to analyze how this process occurred in the city of Maceió since the inauguration of Maceió Shopping in 1989, in an area of very low population density of a mononucleated city. To do so, we have made a reflection based on the role that the center plays in the city in its historical context and in the conceptual differences between center and centrality, with emphasis on flows and fixed as fundamental elements to make this distinction. Next, we evaluate the polycentralities, represented here by the shopping malls, as promoters of valorization and developments of the areas in which they are inserted in the city and its restructurating power. This discussion permeated the construction of a technosphere linked to a psychosphere where society has as its pillar of support consumerism, the shopping center being a technical object created for this purpose. We analyze the different aspects of this type of commercial enterprise in the United States, Europe and Brazil, highlighting specificities that favor this sector in our country, such as urban violence and the deterioration of traditional centers. We evaluate the role of real estate agents and the state regarding their actions in the areas where shopping centers are located. Having exposed all this panorama we began to analyze how the insertion of the first shopping center in the city of Maceió took place, we followed the same path traced in the theoretical discussion when we started identifying the origin of the first center of the city and how it was structured from it, as it happened the decentralization process and the emergence of new centralities (subcentres) linked to population growth and the expansion of the urban network that was driven by the verticalization process, production of horizontal condominiums, popular housing complexes and irregular occupations in subnormal areas.This exposed, we arrived at our object of study, the Maceió Shopping, we evaluated the impact that its insertion in the urban space caused in the pre-established territorial organization. To do so, we have information provided by the management of the shopping center through open interviews and data collected through the application of semi-structured questionnaires with their customers. To show the impact caused by it in the city, we made a survey with the SMTT regarding the distribution and route of bus lines, as they are responsible for driving the large flow of people in the city. The analysis was done before and after the inauguration of Maceió mall and we verified with the results evidenced in the maps that the city was restructured from being mononucleated to become polinucleda due to the emergence of new poles generating flow of people linked to the new centrality that reorganized the urban spatial dynamics, this undertaking being the second largest generator pole, after the Center, for its spatial reach to the city and for promoting a flow of conversion and daily dispersion of people. / Os shoppings centers enquanto equipamentos urbanos destinado ao comércio e serviços tem se expandido pelo mundo a partir de 1950 e no Brasil mais intensivamente na década 1980. Contudo o seu papel na organização espacial da cidade tem se destacado na medida em que nos locais onde foram implantados promoveram novos rearranjos espaciais e em muitos casos uma reestruturação urbana, devido à centralidade que gera e a conseqüente valorização da área que foi inserido. O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi analisar como se deu esse processo na cidade de Maceió a partir da inauguração do Maceió Shopping em 1989, numa área de baixíssima densidade populacional de uma cidade mononucleada. Para tanto, fizemos uma reflexão pautada no papel que o centro exerce na cidade em seu contexto histórico e nas diferenças conceituais entre centro e centralidade, com ênfase nos fluxos e fixos como elementos fundamentais para fazer esta distinção. Em seguida, avaliamos as policentralidades, representadas aqui pelos shoppings centers, enquanto promotoras de valorização e desenvolvimentos das áreas em que se inserem na cidade e seu poder reestruturante. Essa discussão permeou a construção de uma tecnosfera ligada a uma psicosfera onde a sociedade tem como seu pilar de sustentação o consumismo, sendo o shopping center um objeto técnico criado para esse fim. Analisamos os diferentes aspectos desse tipo empreendimento comercial nos Estados Unidos, Europa e Brasil, destacando especificidades que favorecem esse setor em nosso país, a exemplo da violência urbana e da deteorização dos Centros tradicionais. Avaliamos o papel dos agentes imobiliários e do estado referente às suas atuações nas áreas em que são implantados os shopping centers. Exposto todo esse panorama passamos a analisar como se deu a inserção do primeiro shopping center na cidade de Maceió, percorremos o mesmo caminho traçado na discussão teórica ao iniciarmos identificando a origem do primeiro centro da cidade e como ela se estruturou a partir dele, como ocorreu o processo de descentralização e surgiram as novas centralidades(subcentros) atreladas ao crescimento populacional e da expansão da malha urbana que foi conduzida pelo processo de verticalização, produção de condomínios horizontais, conjunto habitacionais populares e ocupações irregulares em áreas subnormais. Isto exposto, chegamos a nosso objeto de estudo, o Maceió Shopping, avaliamos o impacto que sua inserção no espaço urbano causou na organização territorial pré-estabelecida. Para tanto, contamos com informações cedidas pela gestão do shopping center através de entrevistas abertas e com dados coletados através de aplicação de questionários semiestruturados junto a seus freqüentadores. Para evidenciar o impacto causado por ele na cidade, fizemos um levantamento junto a SMTT referente a distribuição e percurso das linhas de ônibus, pois são as responsáveis por conduzir o grande fluxo de pessoas existentes na cidade. A análise foi feita antes e depois da inauguração do Maceió shopping e constatamos com os resultados evidenciados nos mapas que a cidade se reestruturou deixando de ser mononucleada para se tornar polinucleda devido ao surgimento de novos pólos geradores de fluxo de pessoas atrelados as novas centralidade que reorganizaram a dinâmica espacial urbana, sendo esse empreendimento o segundo maior pólo gerador, depois do Centro, pelo seu alcance espacial em relação à cidade e por promover um fluxo de conversão e dispersão diária de pessoas.

This thesis seeks to understand the importance of collaboration among Swedish municipalitiesduring the Covid-19-pandemic. The study is based on a case study of four differently sizedmunicipalities through a qualitative content analysis. Through the application of crisis management and an integrative framework for collaborative governance, coupled with previous research on the area, it was shown that smaller municipalities in particular tend to use collaboration as a means to gather experience and resources which their own organization lacks. Findings show that collaboration was widespread during the Covid-19-pandemic in municipal departments which is in line with Swedish law and principles which expresses they are legally obligated to collaborate during crises. Further analysis of results suggest that municipalities have utilized collaboration in different ways while collaborating actors have been partly the same which is in line with previous research. The analysis concludes that the importance of collaboration for municipalities during the Covid-19-pandemic are of great magnitude as it creates opportunities within crisis management to solve issues which cannot be solved on their own.

This project examines the role cultural transmission of historical myths plays in power relationships and identity formation through a study of the Mississippi textbook regulatory agency and various civic organizations that shaped education policy in addition to textbook content. A study of massive resistance to integration, my project focuses on the anticommunism and conservative ideology of grassroots segregationists. Civic-patriotic societies such as the Daughters of the American Revolution, the American Legion, and Mississippi Farm Bureau Federation formed as the major alliance affecting the state’s education system in the post-World War II era. Once the state department of education centralized its services in the late 1930s and early 1940s, civic club reformers guarded against integrationist and multicultural content found in textbooks, deeming both as subversive and communistic. From the early 1950s through the 1970s, Mississippi’s ardent segregationists and anticommunists shaped education policy by effective statelevel lobbying and grassroots activism. I demonstrate that the civic clubs had more influence in the state legislature than did the upstart Citizens’ Council movement. In addition, I show that once social studies standards emphasizing God, country, and Protestant Christianity became codified in state education policy, it became ever more difficult for other reformers, namely James W. Loewen and Charles Sallis, to dislodge and alter those standards. Through numerous legal cases, DAR and Farm Bureau ephemera, and state superintendent of education files, this work argues that the civic clubs played an integral role in defense of white supremacy—a role that has been underemphasized in the existing literature on massive resistance.

Bakgrund och problem: Organisationsförändring är något som mer eller mindre alla organisationer någon gång genomgår. Detta medför att behoven och möjligheterna i en organisation förändras. Därav har styrning fått en central roll i att hantera de nya omständigheter som uppstår av en organisationsförändring. Styrning behöver därför förändras beroende på hur omständigheterna påverkar organisationen. Den befintliga forskningen om styrningsförändringar vid en organisationsförändring är begränsad och därav ett relativt outforskat område. Tidigare studier har inte belyst att styrningsförändringar befinner sig i olika stadier vid en organisationsförändring och därav kommer detta område att undersökas vidare i denna studie. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att skapa en förståelse för hur organisationsförändringar driver fram styrningsförändringar genom att beskriva styrningsförändringar i olika stadier. Detta kommer att synliggöras genom att undersöka hur Växjö kommuns styrning i ekonomifunktionen förändras genom att kolla på hur styrningen såg ut innan centraliseringen samt vad för styrningsförändringar som har gjorts, som håller på att göras och som planeras. Metod: Det har genomförts en fallstudie på Växjö kommun för att undersöka den organisationsförändring som skett i deras ekonomifunktion. Det empiriska materialet har främst inhämtats från semistrukturerade intervjuer där en kvalitativ forskningsansats har tillämpats. I metodkapitlet framgår det hur det teoretiska och empiriska materialet har samlats in. Vidare inkluderas en analysmetod som beskriver hur det insamlade materialet hanterats för att besvara studien syfte och frågeställning. Slutsats: Resultatet av studien visar att det uppstår flera olika former av styrningsförändringar som drivits fram av en organisationsförändring. Det har visat sig att en organisationsförändring i form av centralisering förändrar förutsättningarna i en organisationoch därav blir styrningsförändringar viktigt för att anpassa organisationen till de nya omständigheterna. Vidare har denna studie bidragit med en ökad förståelse för styrningsförändringar i form av att styrningsförändringar befinner sig i olika stadier där det framgår att de är genomförda, pågående eller planerade. Detta förklaras av att styrningsförändringar successivt behöver implementeras för att helheten ska fungera. / Background and problem: Organizational change is something that more or less all organizations go through at some point. This leads to the changes in an organization's needs and opportunities. As a result, management control has a central role in being able to handle the new circumstances that arise from an organizational change. Therefore management control needs to change depending on how the circumstances affect the organization. The existing research on changes in management control during an organizational change is limited and therefore a relatively unexplored area. Previous studies have not highlighted that changes in management control are in different stages during an organizational change, and therefore this study aims to investigate this. Purpose: The purpose of the study is to create an understanding of how an organizational change drives changes in management control by illustrating changes in management control in different stages. This will be made by examining Växjö municipality that has implemented a centralization of their financial function and thereby look at changes in management control. The study also aims to look at different phases of changes in management control that have been made, are ongoing and are planned. Method: A case study has been performed in Växjö municipality to investigate the organizational change that took place in their finance function. The empirical material has mainly been obtained from semi-structured interviews where a qualitative research approach has been applied. The method chapter shows how the theoretical and empirical material has been collected. Furthermore, an analysis method is included that describes how the collected material can answer the study's purpose and question. Conclusion: The results of studies show that there are several different precedents of governance changes that were driven by an organizational change. It has been shown that an organizational change in the form of centralization changes the conditions in an organizationand therefore governance changes become important to adapt the organization to the new circumstances. Furthermore, this study has contributed with an increased understanding of governance changes in the form of governance changes being in different stages where it appears that they are implemented, ongoing or planned. This is explained by the fact that governance changes need to be gradually implemented for the entirety of the organization to function.

To remain competitive in today’s business environment, companies must continuously become more efficient and improve their business. This can be achieved through developing and streamlining a company's Supply Chain.   Bombardier Rail Control Solutions (RCS) has grown mainly through acquisitions, however, the acquisitions have not been integrated in a good way into their existing Supply Chain. This has result in a decentralized Supply Chain where RCS’s different sites are using different ERP systems. The consequence of this has led to an increased manual workload, a lack of visibility between sites and an inefficient Supply Chain.   The goal of this project has been to identify how Bombardier RCS can develop and streamline its Supply Chain by centralizing different parts of it, e.g. ERP systems and different processes. To achieve this, there has been a close collaboration with Bombardier through the project through interviews, meetings, discussions together with studying literature. In addition, presentations have been presented continuously to ensure that the results have followed Bombardier RCS’s goal. RCS’s historical data has also been analyzed.   Based on the above-mentioned methods, several problems have been solved and improvement areas have been identified. Issues that have been solved include centralizing master data and how to centralize processes at Bombardier RCS. Improvement areas include the benefits of centralizing Bombardier RCS Supply Chain and the advantages with a central warehouse. Bombardier RCS should also centralize their entire ERP system to enable global MRP calculations and so on. Furthermore, it has been identified that there is an improvement potential regarding Bombardier RCS's delivery performance, which can be solved by either integrating RCS’s Supply Chain or/and through keeping products on stock.   The conclusion is that Bombardier RCS should centralize their Supply Chain step by step since it is impossible to centralize everything at once. By centralizing the Supply Chain, this can reduce manual workload, create visibility between different sites, contribute to a better delivery performance and streamline the Supply Chain. By doing this, Bombardier RCS can get more competitive, which can contribute to a continued strong market position in the industry. / För att vara konkurrenskraftig i dagens företagsklimat måste företag ständigt förbättras och bli effektivare. Detta kan uppnås bland annat genom att utveckla och effektivisera ett företags värdekedja.   Bombardier Rail Control Soutions (RCS) har växt framförallt genom företagsförvärv, dock har förvärven inte integrerats på ett bra sätt in i den existerande värdekedjan. Detta har resulterat i en decentraliserad värdekedja där RCS:s olika arbetsplatser använder olika ERP system. Konsekvensen av detta har lett till en ökande manuell arbetsbelastning, brist på synlighet mellan siter och en ineffektiv värdekedja.   Målsättningen med det här projektet har varit att identifiera hur Bombardier RCS kan utveckla och effektivisera sin värdekedja genom att centralisera olika delar av den, exempelvis ERP system och olika processer. För att uppnå detta har ett nära samarbete med Bombardier genom projektet varit centralt med intervjuer, möten och diskussioner, tillsammans med en litteraturstudie. Dessutom har presentationer framförts kontinuerligt för att säkerställa att resultaten följt Bombardier RCS:s mål. RCS:s historiska data har också analyserats.   Utifrån ovannämnda metoder har flera problem löst och förbättringsområden har identifierats. Problem som har lösts är bland annat att centralisera RCS:s masterdata och hur man kan centralisera processer hos Bombardier RCS. Förbättringsområden är bland annat fördelarna med att centralisera Bombardier RCS:s värdekedja och vinsterna med ett centrallager. Bombardier RCS bör även centralisera deras ERP-system för att möjliggöra globala MRP-beräkningar och så vidare. Vidare har det identifierats att det finns en  förbättringspotential för Bombardier RCS:s leveransprecision som kan lösas dels med att integrera värdekedjan (med leverantörer) eller/och lagerlägga artiklar.   Slutsatsen är att Bombardier RCS bör centralisera sin värdekedja stegvis eftersom det är omöjligt att centralisera allt på en gång. Genom en centraliserad värdekedja kan det minimera den manuella arbetsbelastningen, skapa visibilitet mellan olika arbetsplatser, bidra till en bättre leveransprecision och effektivisera värdekedjan. Genom att göra detta kommer Bombardier RCS bli mer konkurrenskraftig, vilket kommer bidra till en fortsatt stark marknadsposition i branschen.

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Context. The efficiency of manufacturing operations depends on thechoice of transportation methods within facilities. This thesis exploresthe optimal transportation strategies for centralized manufacturingoperations at Xylem’s facilities, focusing on the transition from individual painting and packaging processes to a centralized approach. Objectives. This study aims to develop a simulation model designedto investigate the optimal transportation method to a central paintingfacility. The model addresses several aspects that are crucial for anindustrial company when deciding whether centralization is feasibleand determining the best transportation method. Methods. Utilizing a combination of simulation models and decisionmaking matrices, this research analyses the performance and efficiencyof each transportation method under current and projected productionscenarios. The simulation assesses each method’s capability to handledifferent product scales efficiently while the decision matrix evaluatesbroader operational factors. Results. The study found that production variation could be optimized by different transportation methods. The results showed thatconveyor is particularly effective for small range pumps, ensuring continuous flow, which is facilitated by the lighter weights and shorterdistance between facilities. Forklifts are found to be optimal for midrange pumps, attributed to their flexibility and substantial capacity. For the third and fourth types of products, smart products and mixers, the Blue Train is identified as the most effective method, owing toits ability to support significant load capacities and due to the longerdistances between facilities. Conclusions. The study concludes that each transportation methodhas distinct advantages, tailored to the scale and specific requirementsof the products being handled. By integrating simulation models anddecision making matrices, this research provides a comprehensive approach to select the most appropriate transportation methods, therebyenhancing operational efficiency at the facilities. / Kontext. Effektiviteten i tillverkningsverksamheter beror på valet av transportmetoder inom anläggningar. Denna avhandling utforskar de optimalatransportstrategierna för centraliserade tillverkningsoperationer vid Xylemsanläggningar, med fokus på övergången från individuella målnings- och förpackningsprocesser till ett centraliserat tillvägagångssätt. Syfte. Denna studie syftar till att utveckla en simuleringsmodell avsedd attundersöka den optimala transportmetoden till en central målningsanläggning. Modellen tar upp flera aspekter som är avgörande för ett industriföretagnär det gäller att avgöra om centralisering är genomförbar och att bestämmaden bästa transportmetoden. Metoder. Genom att använda en kombination av simuleringsmodeller ochbeslutsfattandematriser analyserar denna forskning prestanda och effektivitetför varje transportmetod under nuvarande och projicerade produktionscenarier. Simuleringen bedömer varje metods förmåga att effektivt hantera olikaproduktskalor medan beslutsmatrisen utvärderar bredare operationella faktorer. Resultat. Studien fann att produktionsvariationen kunde optimeras medhjälp av olika transportmetoder. Resultaten visade att överliggande conveyorär särskilt effektiva för small rang pumpar, vilket säkerställer ett kontinuerligtflöde, vilket underlättas av de lägre vikterna och kortare avstånden mellananläggningarna. Gaffeltruckar visar sig vara optimala för pumpar i mid range,tack vare deras flexibilitet och avsevärda kapacitet. För den tredje och fjärdetypen av produkter, smarta produkter och mixers, identifieras Blå Tåg somden mest effektiva metoden, på grund av dess förmåga att stödja betydandelastkapaciteter och på grund av de längre avstånden mellan anläggningarna. Slutsatser. Studien drar slutsatsen att varje transportmetod har distinktafördelar, anpassade till skalan och de specifika kraven för de produkter somhanteras. Genom att integrera simuleringsmodeller och beslutsfattandematriser tillhandahåller denna forskning ett omfattande tillvägagångssätt föratt välja de mest lämpliga transportmetoderna, därigenom ökas operationelleffektivitet vid anläggningen.

Aujourd’hui encore, notre vie politique est organisée autour de la relation de commandement à obéissance à laquelle nous oblige la souveraineté politique. Mais ce rapport d’obligation est une forme particulière du pouvoir politique, qui émerge au XVIe siècle à travers la pensée de Bodin, dans une conjoncture historique précise. Comment ce concept, renvoyant à l’obéissance absolue et inconditionnée des « francs sujets » à leur Souverain, a-t-il pu être conservé par les sociétés démocratiques modernes? L’indivisibilité et la transcendance de ce pouvoir peuvent-elles exprimer la souveraineté du peuple? C’est une première métamorphose de ce concept qui est requise pour traduire la forme républicaine instituée suite aux deux révolutions américaine et française du XVIIIe siècle. Se pose alors la question de savoir comment conjuguer la nécessaire obéissance aux pouvoirs publics avec la liberté humaine. L’obligation d’obéir à laquelle nous sommes tenus par l’autorité souveraine n’est-elle pas en effet assimilable à une limitation de cette liberté? Et tout pouvoir ne tend-il pas, par nature, à s’hypertrophier? Comment assurer les citoyens de la préservation de leurs droits subjectifs, tout en veillant à leur coexistence en communauté? L’étude la république fédérale américaine permet d’appréhender l’interaction particulière qui existe entre une certaine représentation des fonctions du pouvoir politique, et une dynamique sociale puissante et entreprenante. En divisant la souveraineté, les Américains en contredisent un des traits posés comme essentiels, provoquant ainsi sa deuxième métamorphose. Jusqu’où peut-on alors aller dans la remise en cause des attributs souverains, sans perdre la relation de pouvoir spécifique qu’elle inaugure / Even today, our political life is built on an interaction between command and submission, to which we are bound by political Sovereignty. But it is a particular form of the political power, that raised in the 16th century with Bodin’s intellectual contribution, from a precise historical juncture. How this concept, referring to the absolute and unconditional submission from the « free subjects » to the Sovereign, also pertains to modern democratic societies? Are the indivisibility and transcendence of this power appropriate to express people’s sovereignty too? Identifying a first metamorphosis of this concept is necessary, while assessing its transcription into the republican form of government set up by the two American and French Revolutions in the 18th century. Then it became relevant to question how to combine the necessary obedience to public powers with human liberty. Isn’t the obligation to submit to which we are compelled by a sovereign autority, a limitation of this liberty? Isn’t it in the nature of every power to turn abnormally large and invasive? How to ensure both the preservation of the subjective rights of the citizens and the citizen’s coexistence in a society? The study of the American Federal Republic allows us to describe the particular interaction between a certain representation of the political power’s fonctions, and an efficient enterprising social dynamic. By dividing the sovereignty, the Americans contradict one of its essential presumed features, initiating its second metamorphosis. To what extend, then, can we challenge the attributes of sovereignty, without losing the specific relation of power that its inception inaugurated

Plusieurs études ont révélé des problèmes récurrents au niveau de la performance et de la gestion des projets de reconstruction à la suite des catastrophes dans les pays en voie de développement (PEVD). Ces projets doivent faire face à des conditions de vulnérabilité des habitants, engendrées par des facteurs politiques, économiques, sociaux et culturels. Les divers participants - contraints par un accès limité à l’information - sont confrontés à travailler dans un contexte hostile ayant un niveau d’incertitude élevé. Ce niveau d’incertitude augmente les risques du projet de reconstruction, particulièrement le risque d’insatisfaction des usagers. Ce travail vise à mettre en parallèle l’analyse du système organisationnel adopté pour la conduite d’un projet de reconstruction et celle du niveau de satisfaction des usagers. Il émet l’hypothèse suivante: deux facteurs organisationnels influencent largement le niveau de satisfaction de la part des bénéficiaires d’un projet de reconstruction de logements à la suite d’un désastre en PEVD: (i) le niveau de centralisation de la prise de décisions (jumelée au manque d’information) au sein de la Multi-Organisation Temporaire (MOT); et (ii) la capacité de la structure organisationnelle de la MOT d’impliquer la participation active des usagers au niveau de la planification, de la gestion, du financement et du design du projet. Afin d’atteindre cet objectif, une recherche empirique fut menée pour analyser le cas des inondations ayant eu lieu en 2003 dans une ville dans la région du Maghreb. Le niveau de satisfaction des usagers a été déterminé grâce à des indicateurs de transfert de technologie qui se basent sur l’analyse du « Cadre Logique » - une méthode d’évaluation largement utilisée dans le domaine du développement international. Les résultats de la recherche ne visent pas à identifier une relation de cause à effet entre les deux variables étudiées (la structure organisationnelle et la satisfaction des usagers). Cependant, ils mettent en évidence certains principes du montage et de la gestion des projets qui peuvent être mis en place pour l’amélioration des pratiques de reconstruction. / Construction projects are temporary endeavors with a defined beginning and end, conducted by a temporary and multi-disciplinary team called a Temporary Multi-Organization (TMO). In the hostile environment of post-disaster reconstruction, participants of the TMO must confront high levels of uncertainty which increases project risks. The non-acceptability of project outcomes is one of the most frequent risks reported in literature (UNDRO, 1982; Barenstein, 2008; Dikmen, 2006). Acceptability is related with users’ satisfaction. However, according to the theory of bounded rationality, actors of the TMO - confronted with limited information and resources - cannot achieve an optimal solution. Instead, both project actors and end-users accept a «satisficing» [SIC] solution (Simon, 2004). This study hypothesizes that two organizational factors have an important influence on user satisfaction in post-disaster housing projects: (i) centralized decision making (coupled with lack of information); and (ii) the capacity of the structure of the Temporary Multi-Organization (TMO) to take into account the active participation of users in project planning, management, financing and design. A case study of a post-disaster housing project in the Maghreb region helps us validate this hypothesis. Building up on this hypothesis, indicators of technology transfer (as proposed by the Logical Framework Analysis) serve as a basis to assess users’ satisfaction. The research does not establish a cause-effect relationship between the two variables of the study. However, the analysis of the structure of the TMO and users’ satisfaction highlight several principles, related with the project initiation and management, that can be implemented to improve reconstruction practices in developing countries.

Cette thèse porte sur la gestion des routes du département de la Haute-Garonne de 1790 à 1796. Dans ce département né du nouvel ordre territorial et administratif qui s’impose en France en 1790 et formé d’une partie de deux anciennes provinces hétérogènes, la Guyenne et le Languedoc, l’administration locale se voit confier le rôle de maintenir les infrastructures de transport en bon état. Pour ce faire, elle doit faire face aux nombreuses difficultés qui peuvent empêcher localement l’exécution des travaux routiers. Ses compétences à cet égard dépendant étroitement du degré de centralisation de l’administration centrale des ponts et chaussées, composée du ministre de l’Intérieur et du Corps des Ponts et Chaussées. Au cours de la Révolution française, ce jeu de pouvoir entre Paris et le département subit l’influence des contextes national et local, tels que les crises politiques ou la guerre. Le pouvoir local ne peut prendre les mesures qu’il juge nécessaire pour assurer la bonne gestion de son réseau routier que dans les limites de la politique routière imposée par Paris. / This thesis is a study of the management of roads in the “département” of Haute-Garonne between 1790 and 1796. This “département” had been created as a part of the new territorial and administrative order in France established in 1790, and it was made from parts of two former different provinces, Guyenne and Languedoc. In Haute-Garonne the local administration was entrusted with the role of maintaining the infrastructures for transport. To this end the “département” had to face various difficulties that could impede the execution of road works in the locality. Its powers in this respect depended closely on the degree of centralization of the national administration of roads and bridges, an administration composed of the Minister of the Interior and the “Corps des Ponts et Chaussées”. During the French Revolution this power relationship between Paris and Haute-Garonne was dictated by a combination of national and local contexts, including political crises and war. The local authorities could take measures they deemed necessary to ensure the proper management of their road networks only when these were within the limits set by the road policy decided on by the national authorities in Paris.