The aim of this study is to investigate the components of religion and spirituality in the specific context of "Fryshuset" – a multicultural and glocal arena. Against the backdrop of contemporary researchers such as Heelas and Woodhead and their hypothesis about the "spiritual revolution" and a "new spirituality", as well as the postmodern discussion about "the return of God", this study discusses how religious change can be understood in the context of Fryshuset. The theoretical point of departure is taken in a hermeneutical method where Fleck´s theory about "thought-collective" and Gidden´s theory about the "duality of structure" are used in order to understand and describe the dialectical relationship between individual and social structure. The method used in this study is qualitative. The interviews are made of six individuals representing different social projects at Fryshuset. By analyzing the material from the field study through theories on religious change, three areas are identified: "The subjective turn" Religion and spirituality A Cosmopolitan interpretation of life  The result of this study is that the religiosity among the interviewed can be described through Taylor’s understanding of the "subjective turn". Furthermore they are also part of a "double subjective turn" understood as an internalized subjective turn. Despite the fact that a lot of what the informants describe corresponds to Heelas and Woodheads theories of "subjective life spirituality" it is not relevant to talk about a "spiritual revolution". However, according to Beckford´s theories about religion as a "cultural resource" it can be described as a kind of new spirituality which is used in order to act and think global. The individuals use religion and spirituality as a cultural resource in their formation of a larger cosmopolitan interpretation of life.

The purpose of this study is to create a broader understanding of the concept of afrophobia. The purpose of the study is also to investigate how the term ”afrophobia” is expressed in public documents. The research questions are: When did the concept of afrophobia begin to be used on an international level, but above all in Sweden? How is the term ”afrophobia” defined by different organizations and public bodies? What alternative terms are also used, and how does their meaning differ? What possible effects can different definitions contribute to? The method that will be applied by an idea analysis on my primary material. As an analysis tool, I will use five different dimensions that consist of the following: Historical perspective, Cultural identity, Intercultural perspective with a postcolonial point of departure, Strategic essentialism/cosmopolitism and critical whiteness perspective/color blindness. The result will show the different definitions of the primary material and is analyzed based on my chosen dimensions.

Este trabalho tem como foco principal a observação da gente e da terra paulista como ponto artístico na literatura de G.A.. Engloba as reflexões do poeta sobre a identidade cultural do paulista e sobre São Paulo no jornal O Estado de S. Paulo, enfatizando a diferença entre a São Paulo cosmopolita e a São Paulo tradicionalista em sua obra. Para tanto, observa-se a produção literária do autor depois do movimento Modernista e a sua transformação estética e ideológica, constatando as tensões reveladas por essa mudança em sua literatura: olhar cosmopolita e tradicionalista, a preocupação do autor em compreender o brasileiro, tipificando o paulista, e a introdução do autor na linha bandeirantista e a mitificação do bandeirante. / This research has as main focus the observation of land and of people from São Paulo as being the artistic point on Guilherme de Almeida\'s literature. It comprehends poet\'s reflections about the cultural identity of people and about the city itself, based on articles from the newspaper \"O Estado de S. Paulo\", by emphasizing the difference between the cosmopolitan and the traditionalist São Paulo. For that purpose is analyzed in his literary production after the Modernism movement and its esthetical and ideological transformation as well, and the strains revealed by that change are evidenced: the cosmopolitan and the traditionalist views, the author\'s concerns in understanding the people from Brazil by defining the people from São Paulo, and the introduction of author on a Bandeirante line and the creation of the Bandeirante mith.

L’Etat moderne qui articule le principe de souveraineté avec l’affirmation des droits subjectifs et qui rompt avec le modèle impérial du pouvoir, est contemporain de la découverte et de l’exploitation du Nouveau Monde. Il s’agit ici de montrer que les deux processus sont solidaires et qu’il est possible de reconsidérer les différentes élaborations théoriques justifiant la formation des souverainetés étatiques, à partir du rapport au Nouveau Monde traversé par la tension structurante entre cosmopolitisme et impérialisme. Une première partie examine la genèse du droit des gens moderne, et la question du cosmopolitisme, à partir de la réflexion de Vitoria sur les « titres » de la conquête et de la colonisation de l’Amérique par l’Espagne. Cette partie s’efforce également de restituer les enjeux liés à la pratique de la piraterie. Celle-ci ne saurait être réduite à sa dimension criminelle : elle correspond à cette époque à une lutte pour la liberté des mers ainsi qu’à l’expérimentation de nouvelles formes d’association et de liberté qui font écho à la pensée utopique. Une seconde partie met en lumière le rôle des enjeux coloniaux dans l’élaboration de la théorie du pouvoir souverain (sous la forme de la monarchie absolue). Les auteurs convoqués sont Bacon et Hobbes. Enfin une troisième partie prend en charge l’irruption du concept de peuple dans les théories de l’Etat et examine là encore la manière dont les expériences coloniales informent ce concept (les références sont alors Locke et Rousseau). La Révolution de Saint-Domingue est évoquée en toute fin pour son exemplarité dans la manière dont elle questionne tous les concepts constitutifs de l’Etat de droit moderne. / It is worth considering that when the modern State reconciles the principle of sovereignty with the assertion of subjective rights, and consequently breaks with the imperial government system, it is doing so at the very time when the New World is being discovered and exploited. The point here is to show that these two processes are interdependent, and that it is possible to reconsider the different theoretical elaborations which have so far accounted for the emergence of state sovereignty, by referring to the structuring tension between cosmopolitism and imperialism, which characterizes the New World. What is dealt with the first part is the birth of international law, and the issue of cosmopolitism, revisited in the light of Vitoria’s study about the titles of the Spanish conquest and colonization. It is also devoted to restoring the stakes of piracy practice. The later cannot be reduced to its criminal dimension: at the time it means a fight for freedom on sea, together with the experimentation of new forms of association and liberty, which echo the utopian way of thinking. The second part is devoted to emphasizing the role of colonial stakes in the construction of the theory of sovereign power (as Absolute Monarchy). The authors referred to are Bacon and Hobbes. A third part is devoted to the emergence of the concept of People in the State theories, together with a study of the way this concept feeds from the colonial experience (the authors referred to this time being Locke and Rousseau). The Revolution in Santo-Domingo is mentioned in the very end, due to its exemplarity in the way it questions all the concepts that make out the modern state under the rule of law.

Cette thèse porte sur les artistes suédois et norvégiens en France de 1889 à 1908. Ces années ont traditionnellement été considérées comme une période de retour au pays et d’abandon de la France pour les artistes scandinaves qui se seraient tournés de nouveau vers Paris seulement en 1908 avec l’arrivée des élèves d’Henri Matisse. Une étude approfondie de leur présence aux Salons parisiens a été menée afin de constater que leur nombre ne baisse pas et que les départs des uns sont aussitôt comblés par l’arrivée d’autres artistes scandinaves. À travers l’examen de la taille et de l’activité de cette communauté d’artistes installés en France durant ces deux décennies, dites nationalistes, il s’avère que l’hypothèse du retour vers la Scandinavie dans les années 1890 est un mythe créé par une historiographie faussée. La plupart des artistes scandinaves expatriés en France de 1889 à 1908 menèrent des carrières couronnées de succès dans un environnement cosmopolite et international. Les raisons de la mauvaise interprétation de cette période de l’histoire de l’art scandinave ont été analysées à travers les ouvrages d’histoire de l’art anciens et actuels. D’autres investigations ont été entreprises, basées sur la correspondance de ces artistes principalement conservée à l’Académie Royale des Beaux-Arts de Suède et dans les archives d’Auguste Rodin, ainsi que sur l’étude de leur accueil critique en France. Elles démontrent que la colonie scandinave de Paris de ces années-là a été exclue des expositions organisées en France par leurs propres pays et que la carrière de ces artistes expatriés, ainsi que le rôle de la France, ont été minimisés dans l’histoire de l’art scandinave. / This dissertation is about the presence of Swedish and Norwegian artists in France during the years 1889 to 1908. Traditionally these years have been considered as a period when Scandinavian artists left France to return to their homelands and according to this traditional view, they only returned to Paris and French influence with the arrival of Henri Matisse’s students around 1908. A thorough study of their presence in the Parisian Salons has been conducted which determines that their numbers do not decrease and that the departure of certain Scandinavian artists was balanced by the arrival of others. By examining the size and the activity of this artistic community in France during these two so-called nationalistic decades, it appears in fact that the hypothesis about the return to Scandinavia in the 1890’s is a myth created by a distorted historiography. Most Scandinavian expatriate artists living in France between 1889 and 1908 led successful careers in a cosmopolitan and international environment. The reasons for the misinterpretation of this period in Scandinavian art history have been analysed using historical and current texts and art history handbooks. Further investigation based on the correspondence of these artists, kept chiefly by the Royal Swedish Academy of Fine Arts and in the archives of Auguste Rodin, as well as the study of their critical reception in France, have shown that the Parisian colony of Scandinavian artists has often been excluded from exhibitions organized in France by their home countries and that the career of these expatriate artists as well as the role of France during this period has been minimized in Scandinavian art history.

Sous l’angle du droit international, la responsabilité de protéger est traditionnellement analysée dans le but de déterminer sa portée normative. L’attrait de la doctrine internationaliste pour la question de la normativité du principe et l’indifférence habituelle du droit international vis-à-vis du système politique des États ont fini par confiner les développements sous les prismes parfois trop réducteurs du droit international et des relations internationales. Cette recherche entend proposer une perspective différente en prenant le contre-pied de cette approche classique. Elle aborde la problématique de la responsabilité de protéger non plus seulement sous l’angle des intervenants tiers à l’État défaillant, mais également, et surtout sous celui de cet État lui-même et de sa population. Il s’agit donc de revisiter la façon d’appréhender la responsabilité de protéger afin de montrer que le droit international n’est plus indifférent face aux systèmes politiques des États — a fortiori en crise. En interrogeant le lien entre la responsabilité de protéger et le système politique de l’État, l’analyse aboutit irrémédiablement à la conclusion selon laquelle la responsabilité de protéger est « enchassée » dans de normes qui ne sont pas exclusivement juridiques et qu’il convient dorénavant d’analyser en réseau. L’étude propose donc désormais de la qualifier de norme de congruence dès lors qu’elle conduit à apprécier la valeur juridique d’une règle de droit en tenant compte des différentes influences contenues dans celle-ci / From the perspective of international law, the responsibility to protect is traditionally analyzed in order to determine its normative scope. The attractiveness of the internationalist doctrine for the question of the normativity of the principle and the habitual indifference of international law to the political system of States ended up confining developments to the sometimes overly simplistic prisms of international law and international relations.This research intends to propose a different perspective by taking a contrary view of this classic approach. It addresses the issue of the responsibility to protect not only the point of view of third parties to the failed state, but also, and above all, the State itself and its population. It is therefore a question of revisiting the approach of apprehending the responsibility to protect in order to show that international law is no longer indifferent to the political systems of the States - let alone in crisis.In questioning the link between the responsibility to protect and the state's political system, the analysis leads irreparably to the conclusion that the responsibility to protect is “enshrined” in norms that are not exclusively legal and that currently analyze in the network. The study therefore proposes to define it as an norme de congruence since it leads to the assessment of the legal value of a rule of law taking into account the different influences contained in it

No description available.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A partir da última década do século passado, muito embora alguns ordenamentos jurídicos tenham reconhecido os relacionamentos entre pessoas do mesmo sexo, conferindo-lhes alguns efeitos jurídicos, até hoje o padrão de heteronormatividade impede que estes alcancem a plena equiparação com o paradigma heterossexual. Os organismos internacionais de proteção aos direitos humanos já reconhecem certos patamares inerentes ao direito de liberdade à orientação sexual, muito embora ainda não se tenha alcançado à etapa da consagração do direito à vida afetiva e familiar. No entanto, a crescente internacionalização da vida contemporânea aumentou a estraneidade jurídica dos relacionamentos homoafetivos, cujo reconhecimento fora do Estado da constituição é muitas vezes recusado por argumentos que podem ser superados pela ótica convergente do Direito Transnacional promovendo a legitimidade do pleno reconhecimento transfronteiriço de todos os casamentos e parcerias entre pessoas do mesmo sexo validamente realizadas, como forma de garantir o respeito à cidadania cosmopolita inerente à dignidade dos indivíduos pertencentes a estas famílias. / Since the last decade of the 20th century some States have recognized legal effects to same-sex relationships, which conferred some internal legitimacy to homosexual minorities, although different-sex paradigms imbued in the legislation are still encroaching full recognition of freedom to sexual orientation. International human rights courts have also established certain standards of this fundamental right, but have stopped shortly of recognizing the human right to affective and familiar life, regardless sexual orientation. Meanwhile, the increasing internationalization of private life has promoted more multi-connected same-sex relationships, and such cross border recognition is resisted by arguments which can be surpassed by convergent epistemology of Transnational Law, which promotes full recognition of same-sex marriages and partnerships validly celebrated through enforcing cosmopolitan citizenship inherent to dignity of all family members, regardless sexual orientation.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T13:57:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RodrigoCN_DISSERT_Parte 1.pdf: 2967594 bytes, checksum: ce42768f99a0d8a486d1fbac1a52af00 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-10-27 / This study focuses on the building ensemble of Avenida Roberto Freire, a main road in Natal, Brazil, as a material expression of the confluence of various factors among which the following may be emphasized: high level of accessibility due to urban spatial re-structuring and the growth of the real estate market, in view of the increasing number of consumers, who arrived in Natal within the last decades. The intense urban modification process that has been going on in Natal since at least the 1980s, has engendered the formation of long axial lines which express the expansion dynamics and some of the forces subjacent to it. Avenida Roberto Freire has been an iconic example of an urban thoroughfare where architecture becomes primarily a communication support that can be perceived by fast moving passers-by, what brings it close to the venturian concept of strip (Venturi at al, 1972). The building types that line the road not only respond to the dynamics in process but also contribute to intensify it, as they house a variety of uses which attract people and generate more movement. The dynamics is further strengthened by the action of the real estate business which benefits from the increase of highly accessible locations, and from the private and public investments and incentives to tourism that aim to insert this city into the globalized world. Although the intention of reconstituting part of the history of density increase on this avenue in a diachronical perspective was attempted within the limits of the available references and documentation, the central contribution of this study is to understand the relations between topological accessibility and the typological nature of the building ensemble. By observing the synchronic morphological frame resulting from the spatial configuration analysis pertinent to this avenue (cf. Hillier and Hanson,1984) and the inventory and classification of the building ensemble there existing, this study aims to understand how architecture responds to accessibility in view of the real estate pressure, boosted by a cosmopolitanizing process brought about by the continuous flow of foreign and Brazilian arrivals as visitors, temporary or permanent residents / Este estudo aborda o perfil edil?cio da avenida Engenheiro Roberto Freire, como express?o material da conflu?ncia de fatores dentre os quais se destacam o alto grau de acessibilidade como conseq??ncia da reestrutura??o espacial urbana, e a amplia??o do mercado imobili?rio em face da presen?a crescente de consumidores que t?m chegado a Natal nas ?ltimas d?cadas. O intenso processo de remodela??o urbana por que vem passando Natal desde, pelo menos, a d?cada de 1980 tem engendrado a forma??o de longos eixos vi?rios que expressam exemplarmente essa din?mica e algumas das for?as subjacentes a ela. A avenida tem sido um dos exemplos ic?nicos de eixos vi?rios nos quais a arquitetura torna-se, primordialmente, suporte de comunica??o capaz de ser percebida por passantes em r?pido movimento, aspecto que a faz aproximar-se do conceito venturiano de strip (Venturi et al, 1972). Os tipos edil?cios que ali abrigam usos diversificados n?o s? respondem ? din?mica em curso, mas tamb?m contribuem para intensific?-la e realiment?-la, na medida em que atraem pessoas e geram mais movimento. Some-se a isso a atua??o do setor imobili?rio que se beneficia com a amplia??o de localiza??es dotadas de alta acessibilidade, e com incentivos p?blicos e privados ao turismo, visando inserir a cidade no mundo globalizado. Embora se tenha tido a inten??o de reconstituir parte da hist?ria do adensamento da avenida em perspectiva diacr?nica, a contribui??o central desse estudo ? entender rela??es entre acessibilidade topol?gica e a natureza tipol?gica do acervo edil?cio. Mediante a leitura de um quadro morfol?gico sincr?nico resultante da an?lise da configura??o espacial que cont?m a avenida (cf. Hillier e Hanson, 1984), e do invent?rio e classifica??o do acervo edil?cio que l? est?, este estudo objetiva compreender como a arquitetura responde ? acessibilidade vis-?-vis o desenvolvimento do mercado imobili?rio, impulsionado por um processo de cosmopolitismo que tem ocorrido pela cont?nua chegada de visitantes e moradores tempor?rios ou permanentes, nacionais e estrangeiros

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A partir da última década do século passado, muito embora alguns ordenamentos jurídicos tenham reconhecido os relacionamentos entre pessoas do mesmo sexo, conferindo-lhes alguns efeitos jurídicos, até hoje o padrão de heteronormatividade impede que estes alcancem a plena equiparação com o paradigma heterossexual. Os organismos internacionais de proteção aos direitos humanos já reconhecem certos patamares inerentes ao direito de liberdade à orientação sexual, muito embora ainda não se tenha alcançado à etapa da consagração do direito à vida afetiva e familiar. No entanto, a crescente internacionalização da vida contemporânea aumentou a estraneidade jurídica dos relacionamentos homoafetivos, cujo reconhecimento fora do Estado da constituição é muitas vezes recusado por argumentos que podem ser superados pela ótica convergente do Direito Transnacional promovendo a legitimidade do pleno reconhecimento transfronteiriço de todos os casamentos e parcerias entre pessoas do mesmo sexo validamente realizadas, como forma de garantir o respeito à cidadania cosmopolita inerente à dignidade dos indivíduos pertencentes a estas famílias. / Since the last decade of the 20th century some States have recognized legal effects to same-sex relationships, which conferred some internal legitimacy to homosexual minorities, although different-sex paradigms imbued in the legislation are still encroaching full recognition of freedom to sexual orientation. International human rights courts have also established certain standards of this fundamental right, but have stopped shortly of recognizing the human right to affective and familiar life, regardless sexual orientation. Meanwhile, the increasing internationalization of private life has promoted more multi-connected same-sex relationships, and such cross border recognition is resisted by arguments which can be surpassed by convergent epistemology of Transnational Law, which promotes full recognition of same-sex marriages and partnerships validly celebrated through enforcing cosmopolitan citizenship inherent to dignity of all family members, regardless sexual orientation.